CN107027584B - Method for potting daylily tabebuia - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a potting method for tabebuia citrifolia, and relates to the technical field of dwarfing and potting cultivation of ornamental woody plants. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out temporary planting on the seedlings of the tabebuia flavicana, transferring the temporarily planted tabebuia flavicana into a crocus filled with a light matrix, and horizontally cutting off the tabebuia flavicana to serve as a stock; selecting scion strips as scions, aligning and buckling the scion strips and the cuts of the rootstocks for grafting, and tightly binding; after grafting, building a thin film small arched shed for each plant, watering enough water, and sealing the plants; in the growth stage of the grafted seedlings, timely wiping off sprouts on the stocks, and managing according to conventional flower culture in the period; and cultivating for 1 year after successful grafting, and pruning and shaping before germination in spring so as to obtain the bellflower pot plant with indoor ornamental value. The invention potted the tabebuia chrysantha and dwarfing the tabebuia chrysantha as an indoor bonsai for people to watch, can bloom early and prolong the flowering phase without being influenced by seasons, meets the requirement of people on indoor appreciation of the tree species of the landscape, and has good economic benefit.

Description

Method for potting daylily tabebuia

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of dwarfing and potting cultivation of ornamental woody plants, in particular to a method for potting malus asiatica.

Background

Tabebuia avellanedae belongs to the family lagerstroemia (Bignoniaceae), the genus Tabebuia (Tabebuia), another name: barcelia brevifolia, Paraguay brevifolia, Eybi tree and the like which are originally produced in Brazil, Mexico, Central America, south America and the like are mainly used as wood and medicinal materials, the bellflower is deciduous arbor, the crown is wide, the trunk is smooth, the branches and leaves are sparse and bright, and the leaf color is emerald; the corolla is bell-shaped, and the flower clusters are bouquet when blooming, and are mostly used as street trees, garden trees and garden tree species in south China. The tabebuia avellanedae can change different colored clothes along with four seasons, has unique charm of spring bloom, summer fruit, autumn green and winter withering and presents excellent landscape effect, the full tree is golden or pink in the flourishing season, the color is bright, the tabebuia avellanedae can be comparable with Japanese oriental cherry, the tabebuia avellanedae is elegant, and the tabebuia avellanedae is mainly distributed in south China and south west tropical areas, wherein Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan and other provinces are planted. Along with the improvement of living standard and commercial needs of people, landscape plants are introduced into rooms, and if the lilac barberry with bright colors and beautiful flowers is introduced into the rooms through potting, the lilac barberry can bloom in advance and have an increased flowering phase, and the special requirements of people on indoor appreciation of the scenic tree species can be met.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for potting the tabebuia avellanedae, the potted tabebuia avellanedae can dwarf the tabebuia avellanedae of the arbor landscape tree species for people to enjoy in an indoor bonsai, can bloom in advance and prolong the flowering phase without being influenced by seasons, meets the requirement of people on enjoying the landscape tree species indoors, and has good economic benefit.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method for potting a yellow-flower tabebuia acuminata comprises the following steps:

(1) temporary planting of the aeolian bellflower: selecting good and healthy aeolian bellwood seedlings with straight trunks and no plant diseases and insect pests for temporary planting in a pre-selected field for about 2 years, and enhancing field management to thicken the trunks to about 3 cm;

(2) transplanting the stock plant into a pot: selecting 2-year-old pseudo-plant tabebuia odorata which grows vigorously, roots are thick and strong, trunks are straight, and healthy and free of diseases and insect pests in a field as a parent plant, digging out the selected excellent parent plant with mud clusters, moving the excellent parent plant into a tile basin filled with a light matrix, and moving the parent plant into a pergola to culture for about 20 days;

(3) making the rootstock: after the nursery stock in the pot recovers growth, moving the plant into a greenhouse, horizontally cutting off the trunk at a position 20-30cm away from the base part to be used as a stock, removing the roughness of the cut section by using a grafting knife, and watering the plant thoroughly before grafting;

(4) selection of scions: selecting current-year-old branches which are free of plant diseases and insect pests, strong in growth, semi-lignified and full in bud bodies from the selected day lily boll mother trees with more flowers and rich flower layers and are used as scions, and pruning;

(5) grafting: grafting the scion and the stock by using a cleft grafting method, and splitting a 1-2cm deep cut on the side edge of the end face of the stock to be used as a grafting interface; during grafting, aligning and buckling the cut scion strips with the length and width of the cuts of the stocks to align the cambium on one side, grafting 2-3 scions on each stock, smearing the grafting parts with sterilized paraffin, tightly binding the scions together by using a grafting special plastic film band after grafting, and leaving no gap at the joint part as much as possible;

(6) trimming and shaping: after successful grafting, the direction of the scion is adjusted in winter in the current year to shape and determine the nature of the plant, pruning is carried out before germination in spring in the next year, and the grafted potted tabebuia avellanedae can bloom in the current year.

Preferably, the diameter of the tile pot in the step (2) is 30-40cm, the depth is 35-45cm, and the proportion of the light matrix in the tile pot is peat soil: coconut husk: perlite is 3:3: 4; placing the crocus with stock plant in a shade shed with shading rate up to 70%, spraying enough water for fixing root, and sterilizing the root, especially the cut root; and reducing and shading the seedlings after 20 days of planting.

Preferably, in the step (4), scion selection is performed by first scion with a length of 20-30cm as a candidate scion, then scion with a length of 10-15cm and containing 2-3 plump axillary buds is scion, and the scion strips obtained by scion are placed in clear water for soaking, and scion strip moisturizing is well performed; the scion is pruned by firstly subtracting partial leaves and young shoots, the length is 5-8cm, each segment is guaranteed to have 2-3 lateral buds, 50% of the leaves are removed to prevent water evaporation, a leaf stalk on the scion is firstly cut off from a base part, the scion is cut at two sides by taking the center as a reference, the thickness of the bottom end is within 1mm, a uniform medulla is reserved, a V-shaped cut surface is formed, the cut surface is smooth, the cut surface height is about 2cm, and then the prepared plant hormone containing NAA and 6-BA is coated.

Preferably, after grafting in the step (5), constructing a thin film small arch shed by using iron wires or bamboo sticks for each plant, watering the small arch shed to be full of moisture, sealing the plant, keeping the humidity to be more than 95%, keeping the temperature to be 20-30 ℃, and keeping the shading rate to be about 70%; in the growth stage of grafted seedlings after grafting, timely wiping off sprouts on stocks to facilitate grafted sprouts to sprout branches, managing the grafted sprouts according to conventional culture of green seedlings or flowers in the period, spraying water for 1 time every other day, sterilizing the grafted sprouts for 1 time by 50% carbendazim every month, spraying gibberellin on leaf surfaces in the period, topdressing roots by using nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizers according to the growth condition of the seedlings, and promoting the growth by combining using multi-element micro-fertilizers, amino acids and humic acid fertilizers; the disease and pest damage is observed, and once the damage occurs, the disease and pest damage is timely prevented and controlled, generally about 30 days, the grafting wound is completely healed, the ligature object can be removed, and the illumination is gradually enhanced.

Preferably, after grafting in the step (6), the plants are shaped by pulling branches in different directions in winter in the current year, pruning is carried out before scion sprouting in spring of the second year, branches with thin and weak non-flowering buds grow are cut off, and the strong and vigorous branches are cut off and used for drawing flowering mother branches in the next year, and the growth direction of the new branches is adjusted, so that the tree shape is attractive.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the 2-year-old temporary-planted tabebuia chrysantha which grows robustly is used as a stock, the 1-year-old branches of tabebuia chrysantha which has a vigorous flowering phase are used as scions, the survival rate of grafted tabebuia chrysantha seedlings is more than 90%, the seedling outplanting rate is more than 85%, potting of the tabebuia chrysantha enables the tabebuia chrysantha to be dwarfed to serve as an indoor bonsai for people to view, the tabebuia chrysantha which is a tree species can bloom early and prolong the flowering phase without being affected by seasons, the requirement of people for indoor viewing of the landscape tree species is met.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.

The specific implementation mode adopts the following technical scheme: a method for potting a yellow flower tabebuia acuminate comprises the following steps: firstly, carrying out temporary planting on healthy and strong aeolian bellwood seedlings without diseases and insect pests and straight tree bodies in a field for 2 years, and strengthening water and fertilizer management to enable the thickness of the seedlings to reach about 3 cm.

A2-year-old yellow flower aeolian wooded stock is selected as a stock, a tree trunk is straight and free of diseases and insect pests, a strong-growing excellent stock plant is transplanted into a tile pot filled with a light matrix (peat soil: coconut chaff: perlite: 3: 4), then the tile pot is placed into a sunshelter with the refractive index exceeding 70% for field planting, the plant is moved to a greenhouse after the growth of the plant is recovered, the tree trunk is horizontally cut off to be used as the stock, and the length of the stock is kept to be 20-30 cm.

Taking 1-year-old branches of the scion seedlings of the tabebuia avellanedae which are grown for more than 3 years and have vigorous flowering phase at the right place as scion strips, adopting the scion which is close to the base of a tree crown, is semi-lignified, has no plant diseases and insect pests, has plump buds, has a stem section of 10-15cm in length, and keeps more than 2 plump axillary buds; approximately 50% of the leaves were cut to prevent moisture evaporation. The scion is then scion-harvested, 10-15cm in length, and the scion strip is placed in clear water for immersion and scion strip moisturizing is accomplished. And (3) removing the top bud part of the parental stock at a position 20-25cm away from the base part of the parental stock grafting part, reserving 50% of leaf area of the scion strip leaves, and vertically splitting the scion strip leaves at a position 1-2cm deep in the middle of the scion strip top incision to serve as a grafting interface. Firstly, cutting off the petiole on the scion from the base, cutting two sides by taking the center of the scion as a reference, keeping the thickness of the bottom end within 1mm, keeping a uniform medulla, forming a V-shaped smooth cutting surface, wherein the height of the cutting surface is about 2cm, and smearing the prepared phytohormone containing NAA and 6-BA on the trimmed scion.

During grafting, aligning and buckling the cut scion strips and the cuts of the stocks by using a cleft grafting method, aligning cambium layers on one side, wrapping cortex layers of the cuts of the stocks outside the scions, smearing grafting parts with sterilized paraffin, finally tightly binding the grafting special plastic film strips, keeping gaps at the joints as far as possible, grafting 2-3 scions on each stock, tying the grafting parts with white material strips after grafting, then constructing a small film arch shed for each plant of the whole plant by using iron wires or bamboo sticks, pouring enough moisture, keeping the humidity above 95%, keeping the temperature at 20-30 ℃ and the shading rate at about 70%. And in the growth stage of the grafted seedling, the sprouts on the rootstock are wiped off in time so as to be beneficial to the grafted sprout and the branch extraction, and the comprehensive management of fertilization, watering, pest control and the like is carried out, and the grafted wound is completely healed after about 30 days, so that the ligature can be removed and the illumination can be gradually enhanced.

The requirements of outplanting can be met after grafting is successfully cultured for 30-45 days, branches are pulled towards different aspects by ropes in winter in the current year for pruning, the direction of scion is adjusted to enable the tree shape to be attractive, the branches growing thinly and weakly without flower buds are pruned in spring in the next year, part of branches growing vigorously are cut off to be used for drawing and flowering mother branches in the next year, the growth direction of new tips is adjusted, and potted windbell trees after grafting can bloom in the current year.

The potted wind-bell trees of the embodiment are suitable for growth in the south of China, not only can dwarfed arbor landscape tree species be regarded as indoor bonsai for public appreciation, but also can bloom in advance and prolong the flowering phase without being influenced by seasons, can meet the requirement of people on indoor appreciation of landscape tree species, and has wide market application prospect.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (1)

1. A method for potting a yellow flower tabebuia acuminate is characterized by comprising the following steps:

firstly, temporarily planting strong and straight seedlings of the tabebuia curcas in a field for 2 years, wherein the seedlings have no diseases or insect pests, and the thickness of the seedlings reaches about 3cm by strengthening water and fertilizer management;

the method is characterized in that a temporarily planted 2-year-old tabebuia lutea is used as a stock, a tree trunk is straight and free of diseases and insect pests, a well-grown stock plant is transplanted into a crock filled with a light matrix, and the light matrix in the crock is peat soil: coconut husk: placing perlite in a pergola with a refractive index of more than 70% for field planting, transferring the plant to a greenhouse after the plant recovers growth, horizontally cutting off a trunk to be used as a stock, and keeping the length of the stock to be 20-30 cm;

taking 1-year-old branches of the scion seedlings of the tabebuia avellanedae which are grown for more than 3 years and have vigorous flowering phase at the right place as scion strips, adopting the scion which is close to the base of a tree crown, is semi-lignified, has no plant diseases and insect pests, has plump buds, has a stem section of 10-15cm in length, and keeps more than 2 plump axillary buds; cutting about 50% of the leaves to prevent moisture evaporation; scion grafting and harvesting, wherein the length of the scion grafting is 10-15cm, and the scion strips sheared are placed in clear water to be soaked, so as to well keep the scion strips moisturized; removing the top bud part of the parental stock at a position 20-25cm away from the base part of the parental stock grafting part, reserving 50% of leaf area of scion strip leaves, and vertically splitting the scion strip leaves at a position 1-2cm deep in the middle of the scion strip leaves to serve as a grafting interface; firstly, cutting off petioles on a scion from a base part, cutting two sides by taking the center of the scion as a reference, keeping the thickness of the bottom end within 1mm, keeping a uniform medulla heart to form a V-shaped smooth cutting surface, wherein the height of the cutting surface is about 2cm, and smearing the prepared phytohormone containing NAA and 6-BA on the trimmed scion;

during grafting, aligning and buckling the cut scion strips and the cuts of the stocks by using a cleft grafting method, aligning cambium layers on one side, wrapping cortex layers of the cuts of the stocks outside the scions, smearing grafting parts with sterilized paraffin, finally tightly binding the grafting special plastic film bands, keeping gaps at the joints as far as possible, grafting 2-3 scions on each stock, tying the grafting parts with white plastic bands after grafting is finished, sealing the whole plant by using iron wires or bamboo sticks for building a small film arch shed for each plant, watering moisture, keeping the humidity above 95%, keeping the temperature at 20-30 ℃, and keeping the shading rate at about 70%; in the growth stage of the grafted seedling, buds on the stock are timely wiped off so as to be beneficial to the grafted bud to extract branches, and comprehensive management of fertilization, watering and pest control is carried out, about 30 days, the grafting wound is completely healed, ligature can be removed, and illumination can be gradually enhanced;

the requirements of outplanting can be met after grafting is successfully cultured for 30-45 days, branches are pulled towards different aspects by ropes in winter in the current year for pruning, the direction of scion is adjusted to enable the tree shape to be attractive, the branches growing thinly and weakly without flower buds are pruned in spring in the next year, part of branches growing vigorously are cut off to be used for drawing and flowering mother branches in the next year, the growth direction of new tips is adjusted, and potted windbell trees after grafting can bloom in the current year.