CN107017424A - The lamination generating battery that a kind of photoelectrocatalysis reducing molecular oxygen reaction and fuel cell are coupled - Google Patents
The lamination generating battery that a kind of photoelectrocatalysis reducing molecular oxygen reaction and fuel cell are coupled Download PDFInfo
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- CN107017424A CN107017424A CN201610061625.8A CN201610061625A CN107017424A CN 107017424 A CN107017424 A CN 107017424A CN 201610061625 A CN201610061625 A CN 201610061625A CN 107017424 A CN107017424 A CN 107017424A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/22—Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising carbon or oxygen or hydrogen and other elements; Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising only elements other than carbon, oxygen or hydrogen
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/9008—Organic or organo-metallic compounds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/9016—Oxides, hydroxides or oxygenated metallic salts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/9075—Catalytic material supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/9075—Catalytic material supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers
- H01M4/9083—Catalytic material supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers on carbon or graphite
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the lamination generating battery that a kind of reaction of photoelectrocatalysis reducing molecular oxygen and fuel cell are coupled.The present invention under conditions of illumination, can greatly improve the activity of reducing molecular oxygen with a kind of negative electrode of semi-conducting material with certain photoresponse as redox reactions, and eliminate in negative electrode using noble metal catalysts such as Pt.When this photoelectrocatalysis oxygen reduction reaction is coupled with fuel cell, semiconductor light-receiving excites the photovoltage of generation and the voltage of fuel cell chemical reaction to be superimposed output, the lamination generating battery of photoelectrocatalysis oxygen reduction reaction and fuel cell coupling is constituted, the battery output of higher voltage is obtained.The present invention provides a Xin ﹑ inexpensively efficient energy path for transformation for fuel cell.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to solar photoelectric conversion and fuel cells convert technical field, and in particular to a kind of light of negative electrode without Pt
Electrocatalytic oxidation reduction reaction and the lamination generating battery of fuel cell coupling, electric energy output is converted into by luminous energy and chemical energy.
Background technology
Fuel cell, as a kind of new electrochemical energy conversion device, with its high energy transition density and environment friend
Good the advantages of, gets the attention (Nature, 2011,414 (6861):331.).
But for a long time, a problem of fuel cell generally existing is that output voltage is low, and one of its reason is negative electrode
Redox reactions (ORR, oxygen reduction reaction) overpotential is high.Currently, O is activated2Best catalyst
It is Pt base catalyst, but Pt low abundance and high cost are the barriers for hindering low-temperature fuel cell large-scale commercial maximum
One of hinder (Fuel Cells, 2001,1,105-116.).Then, many researchers are directed to exploitation with research without noble metal member
The catalyst of element.In Pt various substitutes, the carbon material of N doping is because of physical chemistry good its Jia lattice Di Lian ﹑
Property is (for example：Good conductivity surface area is big etc.) cause the interest of widely studied person.However, adulterated for N
The activity and stability of carbon material are wanted to catch up with the performance of platinum catalyst in actual applications, still have a long way to go
(Scientific Report,2013,3,1765.).Therefore, improve fuel cell output voltage also need to new method and
Thinking.
As global energy day is becoming tight, solar energy has been obtained energetically as a kind of novel energy of cleaning, with semiconductor
Fast-developing for the solar cell of light absorbent, the positive energy electricity Chi ﹑ multi-element compounds Tai of such as Gui Tai are positive, and energy electricity Chi ﹑ are organic too
Positive energy electricity Chi ﹑ DSSCs etc..(patent WO_8505119_A；Patent US_20090029053；Specially
Sharp WO_135438_A3；CN_203883016_U；Patent CN_202721171_U).In addition to photovoltaic cell, light is urged
Change or photo-electrocatalytic technology are also the important directions of Solar use.The coupled electricity-generation electricity of photocatalysis technology and fuel cell
Also there are some patent reports in pond, but focuses primarily upon the Fourier Series expansion technique of photocatalysis and microbiological fuel cell, and grinds mostly
What is studied carefully is the coupling (patent of photosynthesis system, light anode degradation of contaminant and microbiological fuel cell
CN_204834757_U；Patent CN_105140550_A；Patent CN_105047948_A and patent
CN_105140551_A)。
So far, research solar cell or photoelectrocatalysis reaction coupled with low-temperature fuel cell is very few, and still
The function of reducing using photocatalytic-oxidation is had not seen to develop the application report and patent of fuel cell.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide folding that a kind of photoelectrocatalysis oxygen reduction reaction of negative electrode without Pt and fuel cell are coupled
Layer generating battery.
The technical scheme is that：
The present invention is the lamination generating battery of a kind of photoelectrocatalysis oxygen reduction reaction and fuel cell coupling, as shown in figure 1,
Its battery composition includes：Cathode substrate electrode, negative electrode semiconductor catalyst, film, anode catalyst, anode substrate electrode.
It is characterized in that：Using a kind of semiconductor with certain photoresponse as the catalyst of fuel battery negative pole oxygen reduction, half
Conductor light excites the optical pressure of generation and the voltage of fuel cell chemical reaction output to be superimposed, and constitutes photoelectrocatalysis and combustion
Expect the lamination generating battery of battery coupling.
The cell cathode and anode of the present invention is separated by film, and negative electrode is passed through O2Or air, anode is passed through fuel (such as H2、
Methanol, ethanol, formic acid, glucose etc.), negative electrode gives illumination, occurs O2The oxygen of fuel occurs for reduction reaction, anode
Change reaction.
The present invention can be H2-O2Fuel cell, methanol fuel cell, alcohol fuel cell, aminic acid fuel battery, Portugal
The cathode reactions such as grape sugar fuel cell are the fuel cells of hydrogen reduction.
Mechanism of action of the present invention is that semiconductor materials with optical excitation produces electronics and hole pair, and electronics and hole are inside semiconductor
Separate, electron excitation to conduction band, hole stays in valence band, produce certain voltage, then, light induced electron moves to electricity
Simultaneously it is given to O in pole surface2, participate in O2Reduction reaction.And the electronics that the oxidation reaction of anode fuel is released passes through external circuit
Hole onto the valence band quenching valence band of semiconductor, forms the loop of fuel cell chemical energy electric discharge.This process, photoproduction electricity
Pressure and chemical energy generate voltage superposition, therefore constitute the lamination generating battery of photoelectrocatalysis and fuel cell coupling.
Cathod catalyst of the present invention is the semi-conducting material with photoresponse, including inorganic semiconductor or organic is partly led
Body.Inorganic semiconductor material includes CuFeO2、CuRhO2、CaFeO2、CaFe2O4、CuNbO3、CuNb3O8、
Cu2O etc..Organic semiconducting materials are mainly organic polymer, including pTTh, P3HT, PCDTBT, PTB7,
PCPDTBT, PSBTBT, PBDTTT-CF, PTB7-Th, PDPP3T etc. are single or hybridize polymer；Either
The composite constituted with p-type organic polymer and fullerene derivate (such as PCBM), such composite includes：
pTTh:PCBM、P3HT:PCBM、PCDTBT:PCBM、PTB7:PCBM、PDPP3T:PCBM、
PTB7-Th:PCBM、PCPDTBT:PCBM、PSBTBT:PCBM、PBDTTT-CF:PCBM etc..The present invention
Described cathode and anode is with electropolymerization, spin coating, drop coating, lifting, spraying, blade coating, silk by negative electrode or anode catalyst
The modes such as wire mark brush are supported on basal electrode, and basal electrode can be glass-carbon electrode (GCE), rotating ring disk electrode (r.r.d.e)
(RRDE), carbon paper, carbon paper tinsel, graphite cake, FTO, ITO, conducting metal or alloy etc..
Light source experimental room of the present invention stresses to use xenon lamp, xenon-mercury lamp, iodine-tungsten lamp, LED, solar simulator etc.,
Sunshine and its optically focused are mainly used in industrialization.Light is through optical window direct projection electrode front.
The preferred organic polymer pTTh of semiconductor of the present invention, the preferred electropolymerization of preparation method is specific as follows：10mM
Three thiophene monomers add LiClO containing 0.1M4Acetonitrile solution in, with GCE, RRDE, carbon paper, carbon paper tinsel, graphite cake,
FTO, ITO etc. are electrode basement, will by cyclic voltammetry (scanning range 1.2V-0V, sweep speed 25mV/s)
Three thiophene monomers are aggregated on electrode, obtain pTTh electrodes.
The optional semiconductor organic polymer such as including P3HT, PCDTBT, PTB7, PDPP3T of the present invention, passes through rotation
Electrode is made in the method for painting.Specially the commodity such as commercially available P3HT, PCDTBT, PTB7, PDPP3T are dissolved respectively
It is spin-coated in organic solvent (such as dichloro-benzenes, chlorobenzene, chloroform), then by solution on FTO electrodes.
The lamination generating battery of photoelectrocatalysis oxygen reduction reaction and fuel cell coupling of the present invention is led for fuel cell
Domain provides a kind of new idea and method.
It is of the invention compared with known fuel cell, have the following advantages that：
1st, fuel used cell cathode oxygen reduction reaction catalyst is semi-conducting material, such as inorganic semiconductor CuFeO2、
CaFeO2、CaFe2O4、CuNbO3、CuNb3O8、CuO、Cu2O etc., organic semiconductor PTTH, P3HT,
The organic polymers such as PCDTBT, PTB7, PDPP3T, compared to being traditionally used for O2Pt bases, Pd bases, the Ir of reduction
For base precious metal elctro-catalyst, abundance is big in nature, cheap, can make fuel cell large-scale commercial
Cost significantly declines.
2nd, electronics and hole pair are produced using photo-excited semiconductor negative electrode in the present invention, hole is flowed to electricity by external circuit
Pole, participates in oxidation reaction on to electrode, and light induced electron moves to electrode surface and is given to O2, participate in O2Reduction it is anti-
Should, the activity of oxygen reduction has been greatly facilitated, the take-off potential of hydrogen reduction is substantially shuffled, electric current is significantly increased.And
Take-off potential can be just in O2The electrochemical equilibrium current potential of reduction.
3rd, the lamination generating battery of photoelectrocatalysis oxygen reduction reaction and fuel cell coupling of the negative electrode of the present invention without Pt,
This fuel cell can be a variety of, such as methanol fuel cell, aminic acid fuel battery, H2-O2Fuel cell, because of photoelectrocatalysis
The lamination effect answered is put, the open-circuit voltage of battery can substantially exceed conventional fuel cell.
4th, the solar energy that the present invention is enriched using nature promotes the conversion of chemical energy to electrical energy, simultaneously, the sun
Electric energy can be also partially converted into.The present invention provides a kind of new idea and method for fuel cell field.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram for the lamination generating battery that photoelectrocatalysis oxygen reduction reaction and fuel cell are coupled.
Fig. 2 is to O under PTTH illumination or dark-state2The current curve diagram of reduction.When Ar- saturations in solution, electric current
It is very small；When being passed through O2When, electric current is significantly increased, and activity during illumination is significantly improved, and take-off potential is even just
In business Pt/C catalyst, illustrate that light promotes PTTH to O2Electro-catalysis reduction.
Fig. 3 be PTTH in different pH electrolyte solutions to O2The current curve diagram of reduction.As a result show, alkaline bar
Under part, light promotes PTTH electro-catalysis reduction O2Active highest.
Fig. 4 is the discharge performance curve map of the lamination system using PTTH as photocathode.
Influence of Fig. 5 light intensity to lamination system discharge performance.
Fig. 6 is the discharge performance of lamination system respectively by photocathode of P3HT, PCDTBT, PTB7, PDPP3T
Curve map.
Embodiment
In order to further illustrate the present invention, enumerate following examples and be described with reference to the drawings, but it be not intended to limit it is each attached
Plus invention scope defined in claim.
Embodiment 1
PTTH synthesis
PTTH is synthesized by electrochemical polymerization method, and the thiophene of final concentration 10mmol/L tri- (TTH) monomer is dissolved in and contained
0.1mol/L LiClO4Acetonitrile solution in, using GCE as working electrode, Pt pieces be to electrode, saturated calomel electrode (SCE)
For reference electrode, PTTH is polymerize on GCE electrodes by cyclic voltammetry, the GCE with PTTH coatings is constituted
Electrode (PTTH/GCE electrodes).Scanning range is 1.2-0V, and sweep speed is 25mV/s, and the circulation number of turns is 2 circles.
Obtained PTTH films have extraordinary light absorbs between 300-600nm.
Embodiment 2
PTTH is to O2The photoelectricity test of reduction：
Test condition is：By working electrode of PTTH/GCE electrodes, Pt pieces be reference electrode to electrode, SCE,
With O2Or the 0.1mol/L of Ar saturations KOH solution is electrolyte, and electrode surface is vertically impinged upon using Xe lamps as light source
(light intensity for impinging upon electrode surface is 300mW/cm2), the rotary speed of working electrode is 1600 turns, electrochemistry linear
Sweep speed is 10mV/s.
Test result is shown in Fig. 2, and when Ar- saturations in solution, electric current is very small；When being passed through O2When, electric current is significantly increased,
And activity during illumination is significantly improved, using business Pt/C catalyst as contrast, take-off potential is even just in business Pt/C
Catalyst, illustrates that light promotes PTTH to O2Electro-catalysis reduction.
Embodiment 3
Different pH electrolyte solution is to PTTH photoelectrocatalysis O2The influence of reduction：
With pH 1 0.1mol/L HClO4﹑ pH 7 0.1mol/L Na2SO4﹑ pH 13 0.1mol/L's
KOH solution is electrolyte, investigates different pH electrolyte solution to PTTH photoelectrocatalysis O2The influence of reduction, its
His test condition such as embodiment 2, test result such as Fig. 3.Test result indicates that, from the point of view of take-off potential and photoelectric current,
The PTTH photoelectrocatalysis O in pH 13 0.1mol/L KOH2Reducing activity highest, pH 7 0.1mol/L's
Na2SO4Take second place, pH 1 0.1mol/L HClO4It is worst.
Embodiment 4
Using PTTH as the reaction of the photoelectrocatalysis of photocathode and H2-O2The discharge performance of the laminated cell of fuel cell coupling is surveyed
Examination：
Using PTTH/GCE as negative electrode, Pt/C is that anode constructs the reaction of concept type photoelectrocatalysis and H2-O2Fuel cell coupling
The laminated cell of conjunction.Battery negative and positive the two poles of the earth are separated by commercially available alkaline membrane, the two poles of the earth using 0.1mol/L KOH solution as
Electrolyte, negative electrode is passed through O2, anode is passed through H2.During test, cathode anode is respectively connected to electrochemical workstation both positive and negative polarity,
Xe lamps vertically impinge upon cathode surface, and (light intensity for impinging upon electrode surface is 300mW/cm2), the rotary speed of working electrode
Its I-V discharge performance is surveyed for 1600 turns.Test result such as Fig. 4.
Obviously, it is an independent H during dark-state2-O2Chemical fuel cell, obtained battery open circuit voltage is 0.64V,
Electric current is 0.91mA.
When illumination, open-circuit voltage improves 0.54V, reaches 1.18V, and electric current also improves several times.Illustrating this battery is
Semiconductor photoelectrocatalysielectrode oxygen reduction reaction and fuel cell couple the lamination generating battery to be formed, its schematic diagram such as Fig. 1.
If with business Pt/C instead of, such as Fig. 4 b, the open-circuit voltage of battery only has 0.97V to negative electrode, less than above-mentioned superposition battery
Voltage output, it is seen that photoelectrocatalysis react and H2-O2The laminated cell of fuel cell coupling is to improve having for cell voltage
Effect means.；And high potential area (>When 0.8V), the electric current and power output of battery again smaller than photoelectrocatalysis reaction and
The laminated cell (such as Fig. 4 c) of fuel cell coupling.
Embodiment 5
Be the same as Example 4, except changing light intensity of incident light, test result such as Fig. 5 of laminated cell performance.Increase light intensity,
The open-circuit voltage of laminated cell is slightly improved, and electric current is obviously improved.This illustrates the output of this lamination, can pass through light intensity
Modulation is controlled.
Embodiment 6
Using P3HT, PCDTBT, PTB7, PDPP3T as the reaction of the photoelectrocatalysis of photocathode and H2-O2Fuel cell
The discharge performance test of the lamination of coupling：
The preparation process of the photocathodes such as P3HT, PCDTBT, PTB7, PDPP3T is：By commercially available P3HT, PCDTBT,
The commodity such as PTB7, PDPP3T are dissolved in dichloro-benzenes, then solution is spin-coated on FTO electrodes.
The photoelectrocatalysis reaction for photocathode and H with P3HT, PCDTBT, PTB7, PDPP3T etc.2-O2Fuel electricity
Lamination the discharge performance test such as embodiment 4, test curve such as Fig. 6, interpretation of result such as table 1 of pond coupling.It can be seen that, in light
According under the conditions of, the lamination system of different organic polymer photocathode compositions can obtain higher open-circuit voltage, and highest can
Up to 1.394V.
The discharge performance of table 1, the laminated cell of different photocathodes
The present invention is with a kind of negative electrode of semi-conducting material with certain photoresponse as redox reactions, in the bar of illumination
Under part, the activity of reducing molecular oxygen can be greatly improved, and is eliminated in negative electrode using noble metal catalysts such as Pt.
When this photoelectrocatalysis oxygen reduction reaction is coupled with fuel cell, semiconductor light-receiving excites the photovoltage and fuel electricity of generation
The voltage of pool chemical reaction can be superimposed output, and the lamination for constituting photoelectrocatalysis oxygen reduction reaction and fuel cell coupling generates electricity
Battery, obtains the battery output of higher voltage.The present invention provides a Xin ﹑ inexpensively efficient energy for fuel cell
Measure path for transformation.
Claims (9)
1. the lamination generating battery that a kind of photoelectrocatalysis reducing molecular oxygen reaction and fuel cell are coupled, it is characterised in that：
Its battery composition includes what order successively was set：It is cathode substrate electrode, negative electrode semiconductor catalyst layer, film, anode-catalyzed
Oxidant layer, anode substrate electrode；Its using the semiconductor with photoresponse as the cathode catalyst layer of fuel cell oxygen reduction,
Light from horizontal or vertical direction direct irradiation on negative electrode semiconductor catalyst layer, semiconductor light-receiving excite generation optical pressure and
The voltage of fuel cell chemical reaction output can be superimposed, and constitute photoelectrocatalysis and the lamination generating electricity of fuel cell coupling
Pond.
2. battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described fuel cell can be H2-O2Fuel
The cathode reactions such as battery, methanol fuel cell, alcohol fuel cell, aminic acid fuel battery or glucose fuel cell are oxygen
The fuel cell of reduction.
3. battery according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Negative electrode and anode are separated by film, and negative electrode leads to
Enter O2And/or air, anode is passed through fuel (such as H2, methanol, ethanol, formic acid, one kind in glucose etc. or two kinds
More than), negative electrode gives illumination, occurs O2The oxidation reaction of fuel occurs for reduction reaction, anode.
4. battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The cathod catalyst is non-precious metal catalyst and had in the semi-conducting material or organic semiconductor of photoresponse
One or two or more kinds.
5. the battery according to claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that：The cathod catalyst is urged for base metal
Agent and the semi-conducting material with photoresponse, including such as CuFeO2、CuRhO2、CaFeO2、CaFe2O4、CuNbO3、
CuNb3O8、CuO、Cu2One or two or more kinds in the inorganic semiconductors such as O；
The described semi-conducting material with photoresponse can be organic semiconductor, including organic polymer or organic polymer
Compound in one or two or more kinds；For example poly- three thiophene (PTTH) of organic polymer, poly- hexyl thiophene (P3HT),
PCDTBT, PCPDTBT, PSBTBT, PBDTTT-CF, polyphenyl 1,4-Dithiapentalene (PTB7), PTB7-Th, PDPP3T
Etc. it is single or more than two kinds hybridize polymer；One in the compound of organic polymer either these above-mentioned organic polymers
The composites that kind or more than two kinds and fullerene derivate (such as PCBM) are constituted, such as pTTh:PCBM、
P3HT:PCBM、PCDTBT:PCBM、PTB7:PCBM、PDPP3T:PCBM、PTB7-Th:PCBM、
PCPDTBT:PCBM、PSBTBT:PCBM、PBDTTT-CF:One or two or more kinds in PCBM etc..
6. battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described cathode and anode is to urge negative electrode or anode
Agent is with the one or two or more kinds in the modes such as electropolymerization, spin coating, drop coating, lifting, spraying, blade coating, silk-screen printing
It is supported on basal electrode；
Basal electrode can be glass-carbon electrode (GCE), rotating ring disk electrode (r.r.d.e) (RRDE), carbon paper, carbon paper tinsel, graphite cake,
One or two or more kinds in FTO, ITO, conducting metal or alloy etc..
7. battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The anode catalyst is that can urge anode fuel
Change oxidation catalyst, such as noble metal and its alloy catalyst, such as Pt/C, Pd/C, Ru/C, Ir/C, PtPd/C, PtRu/C,
One or two or more kinds in PtAu/C, AuAg/C, PtPdIr/C, PtCo/C, PtNi/C etc..
8. battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described light activated light source includes xenon lamp, xenon
One kind in mercury lamp, mercury lamp, iodine-tungsten lamp, laser, LED, solar simulator, sunshine and its optically focused etc. or two kinds
More than, industrialization use by the one or two or more kinds in mainly sunshine and its optically focused.
9. battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The battery is placed in electrolyte solution, the electrolysis
Matter is HClO4、H2SO4、Na2SO4, one or two or more kinds in KCl, NaCl, KOH, NaOH etc..
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Cited By (5)
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| CN110885984A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2020-03-17 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Method for synthesizing hydrogen peroxide by utilizing solar photoelectrocatalysis |
| CN112615035A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-04-06 | 曾庆福 | Wave photocatalysis solid oxide fuel cell system |
| CN113140741A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-07-20 | 邵阳学院 | Carbon-coated PtPdIr/C oxygen reduction electrocatalyst and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113611879A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-11-05 | 江苏宇石能源集团有限公司 | Solid oxide fuel cell cathode additive and preparation method thereof |
| CN114512681A (en) * | 2022-01-29 | 2022-05-17 | 辽宁大学 | Electrode material for biofuel cell and preparation method and application thereof |
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