CN106953530B - The configuration method of mixed type MMC asymmetry Shuangzi module and half-bridge submodule - Google Patents
The configuration method of mixed type MMC asymmetry Shuangzi module and half-bridge submodule Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/003—Constructional details, e.g. physical layout, assembly, wiring or busbar connections
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/5387—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
- H02M7/5388—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with asymmetrical configuration of switches
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
- H02M7/4835—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels comprising two or more cells, each including a switchable capacitor, the capacitors having a nominal charge voltage which corresponds to a given fraction of the input voltage, and the capacitors being selectively connected in series to determine the instantaneous output voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
- H02M1/007—Plural converter units in cascade
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Abstract
一种混合型MMC不对称双子模块和半桥子模块的配置方法，由不对称双子模块和半桥子模块构成的MMC，具有阻断直流侧故障的能力，为解决不对称双子模块高成本和高损耗的问题，设计了不对称双子模块和半桥型模块结合的混合型MMC结构，提出了不对称双子模块和半桥型模块的具体配置方法，且适合不对称双子模块配置是否保留一定裕量的情况，从而实现了具有自阻断直流侧故障的混合型MMC不对称双子模块和半桥子模块的优化配置。
A configuration method of hybrid MMC asymmetric twin sub-modules and half-bridge sub-modules. The MMC composed of asymmetric twin sub-modules and half-bridge sub-modules has the ability to block DC side faults. For the problem of high loss, a hybrid MMC structure combining asymmetric twin modules and half-bridge modules is designed, and a specific configuration method for asymmetric twin modules and half-bridge modules is proposed, and whether a certain margin is reserved for the configuration of asymmetric twin modules Therefore, the optimized configuration of hybrid MMC asymmetric twin sub-modules and half-bridge sub-modules with self-blocking DC side faults is realized.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及电力电子技术领域，特别是一种混合型MMC不对称双子模块和半桥子模块的配置方法。The invention relates to the technical field of power electronics, in particular to a method for configuring a hybrid MMC asymmetric twin sub-module and a half-bridge sub-module.
背景技术Background technique
由于缺少高压直流断路器技术，直流侧短路故障是柔性高压直流输电所面对的一个重要问题，严重影响柔性高压直流输电技术的发展。采用模块化多电平换流器(modularmulti-lever converter,MMC)技术的柔性高压直流输电系统，在直流侧短路故障的情况下，半桥型MMC的子模块具有续流能力，闭锁开关管后，续流二极管为交流系统向直流故障点馈入故障电流提供了通路，交流系统侧发生三相虚短。目前处理直流侧故障的方法有三种：(1)利用交流侧断路器切断故障点与交流系统的连接；(2)利用直流侧断路器切除故障线路；(3)利用换流器自身结构实现直流侧故障的自清除。Due to the lack of high-voltage DC circuit breaker technology, short-circuit faults on the DC side are an important problem faced by flexible HVDC transmission, which seriously affects the development of flexible HVDC transmission technology. In the flexible HVDC power transmission system using modular multi-level converter (MMC) technology, in the event of a short-circuit fault on the DC side, the sub-module of the half-bridge MMC has freewheeling capability, and after blocking the switching tube , The freewheeling diode provides a path for the AC system to feed the fault current to the DC fault point, and a three-phase virtual short occurs on the AC system side. At present, there are three methods to deal with DC side faults: (1) Use the AC side circuit breaker to cut off the connection between the fault point and the AC system; (2) Use the DC side circuit breaker to cut off the faulty line; (3) Use the structure of the converter itself to realize DC Self-clearing of side faults.
虽然半桥型MMC在功率器件数量及系统损耗等方面有较大的优势，但该结构不具备直流故障自清除能力。在系统直流侧发生短路故障的情况下，交流电网、续流二极管以及故障点构成故障电流回路，电网被虚短，后果严重，必须借助交流侧断路器切断交流系统和故障点的连接。Although the half-bridge MMC has great advantages in terms of the number of power devices and system loss, the structure does not have the ability to self-clear DC faults. In the event of a short-circuit fault on the DC side of the system, the AC grid, the freewheeling diode, and the fault point constitute a fault current loop, and the grid is virtual shorted, resulting in serious consequences. The AC system must be cut off from the fault point by means of an AC side circuit breaker.
当前建成的柔性高压直流输电工程都是采用断开交流侧断路器的方法来切断直流侧故障线路。虽然断开交流侧断路器可以清除故障电流，但由于交流侧断路器是机械开关，响应速度慢，所以采用这种方法无法做到快速切除。另外在交流断路器断开的过程中，续流二极管也承受了巨大的故障电流，可能因此而损坏。The current flexible high-voltage direct current transmission projects are all using the method of disconnecting the circuit breaker on the alternating current side to cut off the faulty line on the direct current side. Although the fault current can be cleared by disconnecting the circuit breaker on the AC side, since the circuit breaker on the AC side is a mechanical switch with a slow response speed, quick removal cannot be achieved by this method. In addition, during the disconnection of the AC circuit breaker, the freewheeling diode also bears a huge fault current, which may be damaged.
断开直流断路器可以快速清除和隔离故障。目前高压直流断路器的形式也有很多种，比如常规机械式、固态式以及这两种的混合型。但是，目前高压直流断路器价格昂贵，技术还不成熟。Opening the DC circuit breaker allows quick clearing and isolation of the fault. At present, there are many forms of high-voltage DC circuit breakers, such as conventional mechanical type, solid-state type and a mixture of these two types. However, the current high-voltage DC circuit breaker is expensive and the technology is not yet mature.
因此，具备直流短路故障自清除能力的MMC是一种新的研究方向，具有直流故障自阻断能力的不对称双子模块结构以其经济性较好受到青睐。由于不对称双子模块所用器件较多、成本较高，如何对不对称双子模块与半桥子模块进行优化配置，使得混合型MMC既能阻断直流侧故障，又能具有较好的经济性。Therefore, MMC with DC short-circuit fault self-clearing capability is a new research direction, and the asymmetric twin-submodule structure with DC fault self-blocking capability is favored because of its economical efficiency. Since the asymmetric twin sub-modules use more devices and higher cost, how to optimize the configuration of the asymmetric twin sub-modules and the half-bridge sub-module, so that the hybrid MMC can not only block DC side faults, but also have better economy.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对上述问题，本发明的目的是提供一种混合型MMC不对称双子模块和半桥子模块的配置方法，设计了不对称双子模块和半桥型模块结合的混合型MMC结构，提出了不对称双子模块和半桥型模块的具体配置方法，且适合不对称双子模块配置是否保留一定裕量的情况。In view of the problems referred to above, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a configuration method of hybrid MMC asymmetric twin sub-modules and half-bridge sub-modules, a hybrid MMC structure combining asymmetric twin sub-modules and half-bridge modules is designed, and an asymmetric The specific configuration method of twin sub-modules and half-bridge modules, and is suitable for the situation where a certain margin is reserved for asymmetrical twin sub-module configurations.
本发明的技术解决方案如下：Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
一种混合型MMC不对称双子模块和半桥子模块的配置方法，所述的MMC为三相结构，每相由上下桥臂构成，每相上、下桥臂各由n个对称子模块与n个不对称双子模块串接组成，每个对称子模块由两个全控开关器件及反并联二极管与一个直流电容构成半桥，每个不对称双子模块由四个全控开关器件及反并联二极管与两个直流电容构成；不对称双子模块的全控开关器件T1与T2串联且形成子模块直流正负极，全控开关器件T3与T4串联，电容C1、C2串联，T1、T2、T3、T4各自反并联二极管，电容C1与C2串接后和T1与T2串联形成不对称双子模块直流正负极相并联，电容C1、C2连接点与T3的另一连接点相连，不对称双子模块直流负极与T4的另一连接点相连，T1与T2的连接点和T3与T4的连接点作为不对称双子模块的端口串接在每相桥臂电路；其特点在于：所述的一种混合型MMC不对称双子模块和半桥子模块的配置方法包括如下步骤：A configuration method of a hybrid MMC asymmetric twin sub-module and a half-bridge sub-module, the MMC is a three-phase structure, each phase is composed of upper and lower bridge arms, and each phase upper and lower bridge arms are respectively composed of n symmetrical sub-modules and It is composed of n asymmetric twin sub-modules connected in series. Each symmetrical sub-module consists of two full-control switching devices, anti-parallel diodes and a DC capacitor to form a half-bridge. Each asymmetric twin-sub-module consists of four full-control switching devices and anti-parallel connection. The diode and two DC capacitors are formed; the fully-controlled switching devices T 1 and T 2 of the asymmetric twin sub-modules are connected in series to form the DC positive and negative electrodes of the sub-module, the fully-controlled switching devices T 3 and T 4 are connected in series, and the capacitors C 1 and C 2 are connected in series , T 1 , T 2 , T 3 , and T 4 are respectively anti-parallel diodes, capacitors C 1 and C 2 are connected in series, and T 1 and T 2 are connected in series to form an asymmetric twin sub-module with DC positive and negative poles connected in parallel. Capacitors C 1 , C The 2 connection point is connected to the other connection point of T3, the DC negative pole of the asymmetric twin module is connected to the other connection point of T4, the connection point of T1 and T2 and the connection point of T3 and T4 are used as asymmetrical twin The port of the module is connected in series with each phase bridge arm circuit; it is characterized in that: the configuration method of a kind of hybrid MMC asymmetric twin sub-module and the half-bridge sub-module comprises the following steps:
1)设每一个桥臂不对称双子模块的个数为Ni，半桥子模块的个数为NH，每个桥臂总的子模块个数为N，直流母线电压Vdc、电容电压Uc；交流相电压的幅值Um；则在保证故障电路反电动势足够大的情况下，计算出Ni，NH分别满足下式：1) Assume that the number of asymmetric twin sub-modules in each bridge arm is N i , the number of half-bridge sub-modules is N H , the total number of sub-modules in each bridge arm is N, the DC bus voltage V dc and the capacitor voltage U c ; the amplitude of the AC phase voltage U m ; then, under the condition that the back electromotive force of the fault circuit is sufficiently large, N i and N H are calculated to satisfy the following formulas respectively:
2)假设直流侧电压等级相同，子模块全部是半桥型结构时，每桥臂的子模块个数为：N0＝Vdc/Uc；全部是不对称双子模块时，子模块个数为N0/2；在混合型MMC系统中，不对称子模块个数设为Ni，半桥型子模块个数设为NH，Ni和NH的分配满足式(1)，且2Ni+NH＝N0；2) Assuming that the voltage level of the DC side is the same, when all sub-modules are half-bridge structures, the number of sub-modules per bridge arm is: N 0 =V dc /U c ; when all are asymmetrical twin sub-modules, the number of sub-modules is N 0 /2; in the hybrid MMC system, the number of asymmetric sub-modules is set to N i , the number of half-bridge sub-modules is set to N H , and the distribution of N i and N H satisfies formula (1), and 2N i + N H = N 0 ;
3)若对不对称双子模块保留一定的裕量，可按下式设置Ni，NH：3) If a certain margin is reserved for the asymmetric twin modules, N i and N H can be set according to the following formula:
其中：<x>表示大于参数x的最小整数Among them: <x> represents the smallest integer greater than the parameter x
与现有技术相比，本发明的特点如下：Compared with prior art, characteristics of the present invention are as follows:
1.对直流故障进行了自阻断；1. Self-blocking for DC faults;
2.解决了混合型MMC经济性优化的问题；2. Solved the problem of economic optimization of hybrid MMC;
3.同时适合不对称双子模块配置是否保留一定裕量的情况。3. At the same time, it is suitable for the situation where a certain margin is reserved for the configuration of asymmetric twin modules.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明混合型MMC不对称双子模块和半桥子模块的拓扑示意图。Fig. 1 is a topological schematic diagram of a hybrid MMC asymmetric twin sub-module and a half-bridge sub-module of the present invention.
图2是本发明的不对称双子模块示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an asymmetric twin module of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合实施例和附图对本发明作进一步说明，但不应以此限制本发明的保护范围。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the protection scope of the present invention should not be limited thereby.
先请参阅图1，图1是本发明一种混合型MMC不对称双子模块和半桥子模块的拓扑示意图，每桥臂由不对称双子模块和半桥子模构成。图2为不对称双子模块示意图，由4个开关管与2个电容组成，比半桥子模块数量多，半桥子模块则由2个开关管与1个电容组成，因此，为了降低混合型MMC的成本，需要对不对称双子模块和半桥子模块的数量进行优化配置。Please refer to FIG. 1 first. FIG. 1 is a topological schematic diagram of a hybrid MMC asymmetrical twin sub-module and a half-bridge sub-module according to the present invention. Each bridge arm is composed of an asymmetrical twin sub-module and a half-bridge sub-module. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an asymmetric twin sub-module, which consists of 4 switches and 2 capacitors, which is more than the half-bridge sub-module, which consists of 2 switches and 1 capacitor. Therefore, in order to reduce the hybrid The cost of MMC needs to optimize the configuration of the number of asymmetric twin sub-modules and half-bridge sub-modules.
本发明混合型MMC不对称双子模块和半桥子模块的配置方法，构成包括三相结构相同的多电平换流器，每相都由上桥臂和下桥臂构成，所述的上桥臂和下桥臂各由i个半桥子模块HSM1～HSMi与N-i个不对称双子模块SMi+1～SMN串接组成，所述的上桥臂的第1个子模块HSM1的自由端与多电平换流器的直流母线的正极相连，所述的下桥臂的第N个子模块SMN的自由端与多电平换流器的直流母线的负极相连，所述的上桥臂的第N个双子模块SMN的自由端与下桥臂的第1个子模块HSM1的自由端与交流线相连；The configuration method of the hybrid MMC asymmetric twin sub-module and the half-bridge sub-module of the present invention constitutes a multi-level converter with the same three-phase structure, each phase is composed of an upper bridge arm and a lower bridge arm, and the upper bridge The arm and the lower bridge arm are each composed of i half-bridge sub-modules HSM1~HSMi connected in series with N-i asymmetric twin sub-modules SMi+1~SMN. The free end of the first sub-module HSM1 of the upper bridge arm is connected to the multi-circuit The positive pole of the DC bus bar of the flat converter is connected, the free end of the Nth sub-module SMN of the lower bridge arm is connected with the negative pole of the DC bus bar of the multilevel converter, and the Nth submodule SMN of the upper bridge arm The free end of the twin sub-module SMN is connected to the free end of the first sub-module HSM1 of the lower bridge arm and the AC line;
每个半桥子模块HSM由两个全控开关器件及反并联二极管和一个直流电容构成：两个全控开关器件串联且形成子模块的直流正负极，两个二极管分别与所述的两个全控开关器件反并联，所述的直流电容与所述的两个串联的全控开关器件并联，所述的两个全控开关器件的连接点和第二全控开关器件的负极作端口串接在每相桥臂的电路中；Each half-bridge sub-module HSM is composed of two fully-controlled switching devices, anti-parallel diodes and a DC capacitor: the two fully-controlled switching devices are connected in series to form the DC positive and negative poles of the sub-module, and the two diodes are respectively connected to the two A full-control switch device is connected in antiparallel, the DC capacitor is connected in parallel with the two series-connected full-control switch devices, and the connection point of the two full-control switch devices and the negative pole of the second full-control switch device are used as ports. Connected in series in the circuit of each phase bridge arm;
每个不对称双子模块SM构成是：Each asymmetrical twin sub-module SM consists of:
第一二极管D1、第二二极管D2、第三二极管D3与第四二极管D4分别与反并联第一全控开关器件T1、第二全控开关器件T2、第三全控开关器件T3和第四全控开关器件T4，所述的第一全控开关器件T1和第二全控开关器件T2串联且形成不对称双子模块的直流正负极，第一电容C1和第二电容C2串联后与所述的串联的第一全控开关器件T1、第二全控开关器件T2并联，所述的第三全控开关器件T3与第四全控开关器件T4串联，所述的第三全控开关器件T3的另一端与第一电容C1和第二电容C2的连接点相连，所述的第四全控开关器件T4的另一端与所述的不对称双子模块的直流负极相连，第一全控开关器件T1与第二全控开关器件T2的连接点和第三全控开关器件T3与第四全控开关器件T4的连接点作为不对称双子模块的端口串接在每相桥臂的电路中；其中，N为大于2的整数，i<N的整数；该方法包括如下步骤：The first diode D 1 , the second diode D 2 , the third diode D 3 and the fourth diode D 4 are connected in antiparallel with the first full-control switch device T 1 and the second full-control switch device respectively. T 2 , the third fully-controlled switching device T 3 and the fourth fully-controlled switching device T 4 , the first fully-controlled switching device T 1 and the second fully-controlled switching device T 2 are connected in series and form a direct current of an asymmetric twin sub-module Positive and negative poles, the first capacitor C 1 and the second capacitor C 2 are connected in parallel with the first full-control switch device T 1 and the second full-control switch device T 2 in series, and the third full-control switch The device T3 is connected in series with the fourth fully controlled switching device T4, the other end of the third fully controlled switching device T3 is connected to the connection point of the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2, and the fourth The other end of the full-control switch device T4 is connected to the DC negative pole of the asymmetric twin sub-module, the connection point between the first full-control switch device T1 and the second full-control switch device T2 and the third full-control switch device T 3 and the connection point of the fourth full-control switching device T4 are connected in series as the ports of the asymmetric twin sub-modules in the circuit of each phase bridge arm; wherein, N is an integer greater than 2, and an integer of i<N; the method includes the following step:
1)设每一个桥臂不对称双子模块的个数为Ni，半桥子模块的个数为NH，每个桥臂总的子模块个数为N，直流母线电压Vdc、电容电压Uc、交流相电压的幅值Um；则在保证故障电路反电动势足够大的情况下，按下式计算出Ni，NH：1) Assume that the number of asymmetric twin sub-modules in each bridge arm is N i , the number of half-bridge sub-modules is N H , the total number of sub-modules in each bridge arm is N, the DC bus voltage V dc and the capacitor voltage U c , the amplitude U m of the AC phase voltage; then, under the condition that the counter electromotive force of the fault circuit is sufficiently large, N i and N H can be calculated according to the following formula:
2)假设直流侧电压等级相同，子模块全部是半桥型结构时，每桥臂的子模块个数为：N0＝Vdc/Uc；全部是不对称双子模块时，子模块个数为N0/2；在混合型MMC系统中，不对称子模块个数设为Ni，半桥型子模块个数设为NH，Ni和NH的分配满足式(1)，且2Ni+NH＝N0；2) Assuming that the voltage level of the DC side is the same, when all sub-modules are half-bridge structures, the number of sub-modules per bridge arm is: N 0 =V dc /U c ; when all are asymmetrical twin sub-modules, the number of sub-modules is N 0 /2; in the hybrid MMC system, the number of asymmetric sub-modules is set to N i , the number of half-bridge sub-modules is set to N H , and the distribution of N i and N H satisfies formula (1), and 2N i + N H = N 0 ;
3)若对不对称双子模块保留一定的裕量，可按下式设置Ni，NH：3) If a certain margin is reserved for the asymmetric twin modules, N i and N H can be set according to the following formula:
其中：<x>表示大于参数x的最小整数。Among them: <x> represents the smallest integer greater than the parameter x.
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