Frequency extension device and spectrum analyzer with spectrum spreading function
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of spectrum analyzers, in particular to a frequency spreading device and a spectrum analyzer with a spectrum spreading function.
Background
A spectrum analyzer is a receiver for performing spectrum analysis on a signal to be measured, and can measure relevant parameters such as frequency, amplitude, distortion and the like of an unknown signal, and generally has a wide frequency and amplitude measurement range. The method is mainly applied to the fields of base station maintenance, electronic product research and development, production and the like. The spectrum analyzer may also be referred to as a frequency domain oscilloscope, a tracking oscilloscope, an analysis oscilloscope, a harmonic analyzer, a frequency characteristic analyzer, a fourier analyzer, or the like. The main technical indicators of the spectrum analyzer are frequency range, resolution, frequency sweep speed, sensitivity, display mode and false response, DANL and the like.
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a conventional spectrum analyzer. The input radio frequency signal is subjected to frequency conversion for multiple times to change a signal with higher frequency into a low-frequency signal which can be processed by the digital intermediate frequency processing module. Since the mixing is performed a plurality of times, it is necessary to provide a plurality of local oscillation signals. In this conversion process, unwanted side frequencies, nonlinear spurs, and the like are generated due to the characteristics of the mixer itself, and it is necessary to filter out unwanted signals with a filter in order to ensure the purity of the signal spectrum.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a modified spectrum analyzer. The frequency range of the measurable radio frequency signal is 9kHz to 7.5 GHz. The spectrum analyzer carries out frequency conversion on an input measured signal introduced by the radio frequency front end module for many times through the first mixer and the intermediate frequency channel module to enable the input measured signal to become a low-frequency signal which can be processed by the digital intermediate frequency module, and then the low-frequency signal is sent to the digital intermediate frequency module to be processed.
In the rf front-end module, a signal to be tested enters from an input port, and a single-pole double-throw switch S1 is used to gate the input to a switch S2 or gate the input to a power load, and the single-pole double-throw switch S1 may have to bear a large power, so a high-power single-pole double-throw switch or a relay is often used. The single-pole double-throw switch S2 is used for gating the tested signal to be input into the rear-stage link of the radio frequency front-end module or connecting the self-calibration signal into the rear-stage link of the radio frequency front-end module for self-calibration. The step attenuator is an attenuator with adjustable attenuation amount and has a wide attenuation range, and can continuously attenuate the input measured signal to the optimal mixing level of the first mixer A and the first mixer B. The single-pole double-throw switch S3 and the single-pole double-throw switch S6 are matched with each other to gate a tested signal to a pre-selection amplifier module A or a pre-selection amplifier module B. When the measured signal is 9kHz to 3.2GHz, the signal is gated into a preselection amplifier module A, and is transmitted by a filter 1; when the measured signal is 3.2GHz to 7.5GHz, the signal is gated to the preselection amplifier module B, and is matched with one path from the gating filter 2 to the filter n for transmission through single-pole four-throw switches S4 and S5. The pre-selection amplifier module is used for measuring small signals, when the amplitude of the measured signal is smaller and is close to the bottom noise of the spectrum analyzer, the pre-selection amplifier is turned on, the noise coefficient of a radio frequency front-end module link is reduced, namely, the noise is reduced, so that the small signals can be measured more accurately, and the measurable small signal amplitude is smaller. The filter 1 is a low-pass filter and has the effect of suppressing the image frequency of the first mixer a. The filters 2 to n are a plurality of band pass filters, and function to suppress the image frequency of the first mixer B.
9 kHz-3.2 GHz and 3.2 GHz-7.5 GHz output by the radio frequency front end module are respectively mixed with corresponding local oscillators through a first mixer A and a first mixer B to generate a first intermediate frequency signal A or a first intermediate frequency signal B, and the two paths of first intermediate frequency signals are combined into one path through a single-pole double-throw switch S6 to be input into a second mixer.
The existing scheme adopts the traditional superheterodyne receiving scheme, and a measured signal is converted into a digital processable low-frequency signal from a radio-frequency signal through multiple frequency conversion. The scheme requires that the maximum frequency and the minimum frequency difference of the first local oscillator frequency are equal to the maximum frequency and the minimum frequency difference of measurable radio frequency signals of the spectrum analyzer, and the wider the measurable signal frequency is, the wider the first local oscillator coverage range is required to be, and the greater the difficulty and complexity of circuit implementation are. In order to reduce the difficulty in implementing the first local oscillator, the radio frequency front end and the first mixing frequency are divided into two channels according to the frequency range of the detected signal and are respectively processed, the maximum frequency and the minimum frequency of the first local oscillator are only about 3.2GHz, and the first local oscillator frequencies of the two channels can be basically consistent by selecting a proper first intermediate frequency signal frequency, and the two channels can be implemented by using the same local oscillator generating circuit. However, if the measurable frequency is increased to above 7.5GHz, the coverage of the first local oscillator frequency is required to be widened, and the difficulty in implementing the first local oscillator is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a frequency expansion device and a spectrum analyzer with a spectrum expansion function.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a spectrum analyzer with spectrum spreading function, comprising: the system comprises a radio frequency front end module, an intermediate frequency channel module, a digital intermediate frequency processing module and a frequency expansion module;
the frequency expansion module is connected with the input end of the radio frequency front-end module, the output end of the radio frequency front-end module is connected with the input end of the intermediate frequency channel module, and the output end of the intermediate frequency channel module is connected with the digital intermediate frequency processing module;
the frequency extension module comprises a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a through channel, a mixing channel and a fourth switch; when the frequency of the signal to be tested is less than or equal to a frequency value M, the third switch and the fourth switch jointly gate the signal to be tested and input the signal to the radio frequency front end module through the through channel; and when the frequency of the detected signal is greater than the frequency value M, the third switch and the fourth switch jointly gate the detected signal to be input to the radio frequency front-end module through the frequency mixing channel.
Preferably, the input end of the first switch inputs a signal to be tested, the first output end of the first switch is connected with the first input end of the second switch, the second output end of the first switch is connected with one end of the power load, and the other end of the power load is directly grounded; the output end of the second switch is connected with the input end of the third switch, and the second input end of the second switch is connected with the self-calibration signal input end; a first output end of the third switch is connected with an input end of the through channel, a second output end of the third switch is connected with an input end of the mixing channel, an output end of the through channel is connected with a first input end of the fourth switch, and an output end of the mixing channel is connected with a second input end of the fourth switch; and the output end of the fourth switch is connected with the input end of the radio frequency front-end module.
Preferably, the mixing channel includes: the device comprises a step attenuator, a pre-selection amplifier, a first filtering unit, a mixer and a second filtering unit; wherein,
the input end of the step attenuator is used as the input end of the frequency mixing channel and is connected with the second output end of the third switch, the step attenuator, the pre-selection amplifier, the first filtering unit, the frequency mixer and the second filtering unit are sequentially connected in series, and the output end of the second filtering unit is used as the output end of the frequency mixing channel and is connected with the second input end of the fourth switch.
Preferably, the first filtering unit is a filter or a filter bank, and is configured to filter an image frequency of the mixer.
Preferably, the second filtering unit is configured to filter the signal output by the mixer, and limit the frequency of the signal output by the mixer to be less than a frequency value M.
Preferably, the local oscillation frequency of the mixer is a fixed frequency.
Preferably, the frequency value M takes the value of 7.5 GHz.
Correspondingly, to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a frequency spreading apparatus for frequency spreading of a spectrum analyzer, the frequency spreading apparatus comprising:
the first switch, the second switch, the third switch, the through channel, the mixing channel and the fourth switch; the input end of the first switch inputs a signal to be tested, the first output end of the first switch is connected with the first input end of the second switch, the second output end of the first switch is connected with one end of the power load, and the other end of the power load is directly grounded; the output end of the second switch is connected with the input end of the third switch, and the second input end of the second switch is connected with the self-calibration signal input end; a first output end of the third switch is connected with an input end of the through channel, a second output end of the third switch is connected with an input end of the mixing channel, an output end of the through channel is connected with a first input end of the fourth switch, and an output end of the mixing channel is connected with a second input end of the fourth switch; and the output end of the fourth switch is connected with the input end of the radio frequency front-end module.
The technical scheme has the following beneficial effects:
the technical scheme is that an external frequency extension module is added in the existing spectrum analyzer, and the frequency testing range of the spectrum analyzer is extended from 7.5GHz to 13.6 GHz. The frequency expansion can be realized by adding a frequency expansion module in a manner of providing options without changing the existing circuit of the spectrum analyzer. The mode of selecting the parts can conveniently and flexibly meet the requirements of different users on the frequency measurable range.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a conventional spectrum analyzer;
FIG. 2 is a circuit block diagram of a modified spectrum analyzer;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a spectrum analyzer with spectrum spreading function according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a spectrum analyzer with spectrum spreading function according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a spectrum analyzer with spectrum spreading function according to the present embodiment;
fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a frequency spreading apparatus according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a spectrum analyzer with spectrum spreading function according to the present invention. The method comprises the following steps: a radio frequency front end module 301, an intermediate frequency channel module 302, a digital intermediate frequency processing module 303 and a frequency expansion module 304;
the frequency extension module is connected with the input end of the radio frequency front end module, the output end of the radio frequency front end module is connected with the input end of the intermediate frequency channel module, and the output end of the intermediate frequency channel module is connected with the digital intermediate frequency processing module.
Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a spectrum analyzer with spectrum spreading function according to the present invention. The frequency spreading module includes a first switch S7, a second switch S8, a third switch S9, a through channel, a mixing channel, and a fourth switch S10; when the frequency of the signal to be tested is less than or equal to M, the third switch S9 and the fourth switch S10 jointly gate the signal to be tested to be input to the radio frequency front end module through the through channel; when the frequency of the signal to be measured is greater than M, the third switch S9 and the fourth switch S10 jointly gate the signal to be measured to be input to the radio frequency front end module through the mixing channel. Wherein the input terminal of the first switch S7 inputs the signal under test, the first output terminal of the first switch S7 is connected to the first input terminal of the second switch S8, the second output terminal of the first switch S7 is connected to one terminal of the power load, and the other terminal of the power load is directly grounded; an output terminal of the second switch S8 is connected to an input terminal of the third switch S9, and a second input terminal of the second switch S8 is connected to a self-calibration signal input terminal; a first output terminal of the third switch S9 is connected to an input terminal of the through channel, a second output terminal of the third switch S9 is connected to an input terminal of the mixing channel, an output terminal of the through channel is connected to a first input terminal of the fourth switch S10, and an output terminal of the mixing channel is connected to a second input terminal of the fourth switch S10; the output end of the fourth switch S10 is connected to the input end of the rf front-end module.
For the present embodiment, the frequency value M is 7.5GHz, and after spreading, the maximum frequency of the spectrum analyzer test signal is 13.6 GHz. It should be noted that the above application scenarios are merely illustrated for the convenience of understanding the spirit and principles of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited in this respect. Rather, embodiments of the present invention may be applied to any scenario where applicable.
As shown in fig. 5, a circuit diagram of a spectrum analyzer with a spread spectrum function according to the present embodiment is shown. When the maximum frequency of the spectrum analyzer test is 7.5GHz, the tested signal is input into the spectrum analyzer 1 from the radio frequency input port 1 for testing.
When the test frequency of the spectrum analyzer is expanded to 13.6GHz, the spectrum analyzer 1 is added with a frequency expansion module to realize the spectrum expansion, and at the moment, a signal to be tested is input from the radio frequency input port 2 and is transmitted to the spectrum analyzer 1 through the frequency expansion module to be tested. In the frequency spreading module, a signal to be tested enters from an input port, the single-pole double-throw switch S7 is used for gating and inputting the signal to the single-pole double-throw switch S8 or gating and inputting the signal to a power load, and the single-pole double-throw switch S7 is likely to bear larger power, so that the frequency spreading module is often formed by a high-power single-pole double-throw switch or a relay. The single-pole double-throw switch S8 is used for gating the signal to be tested to be input into the rear-stage link of the frequency spreading module or connecting the self-calibration signal into the rear-stage link of the frequency spreading module for self-calibration. The single-pole double-throw switch S9 and the single-pole double-throw switch S10 jointly gate a transmission channel of a detected signal. When the measured frequency is less than 7.5GHz, the single-pole double-throw switch S9 and the single-pole double-throw switch S10 jointly gate the measured signal to pass through a through channel and input the signal to the spectrum analyzer 1, the single-pole double-throw switch S1 and the single-pole double-throw switch S2 in the spectrum analyzer 1 are both set as gating post-stage links, and other control states of the spectrum analyzer 1 are consistent with those of the spectrum analyzer without a frequency expansion module. When the measured frequency is 7.5GHz to 13.6GHz, the single-pole double-throw switch S9 and the single-pole double-throw switch S10 jointly gate the measured signal to pass through the mixing channel, and input the signal to the spectrum analyzer 1. Specifically, a detected signal is gated and input into the step attenuator 2 through the single-pole double-throw switch S9, the step attenuator 2 is an attenuator with adjustable attenuation and has a wide attenuation range, and the output of the step attenuator 2 is input into a mixer through the pre-selection amplifier module C and the filter and is mixed with a local oscillator F1 with fixed frequency. The output of the mixer is a broadband signal with frequency less than 7.5GHz after being filtered, the broadband signal is gated and input to the spectrum analyzer 1 through the single-pole double-throw switch S10, the single-pole double-throw switch S1 and the single-pole double-throw switch S2 of the spectrum analyzer 1 are both set as a gating post-stage link, the step attenuator 2 is set as non-attenuation, and other control states of the spectrum analyzer 1 need to be changed correspondingly. The step attenuator 2 may attenuate the input signal under test to an optimal mixing level of the first mixer a and the first mixer B. The preselection amplifier module C is used for measuring small signals, when the amplitude of the measured signal from 7.5GHz to 13.6GHz is smaller and is close to the background noise of the spectrum analyzer, the preselection amplifier is turned on, the noise coefficients of the frequency expansion module and the radio frequency front-end module link are reduced, namely, the noise is reduced, so that the small signals can be measured more accurately, and the measurable small signal amplitude is smaller. The filter before the mixer in the frequency spreading module may be a filter bank for filtering an image frequency of the mixer.
The spectrum analyzer is used for working principle when the spectrum is spread to 13.6GHz and the measured frequency is 7.5GHz to 13.6GHz, and more detailed examples are as follows:
if the measured signal is 7.5GHz to 13.6GHz, the measured signal is gated and input to the frequency mixing channel through the single-pole double-throw switch S7, the single-pole double-throw switch S8 and the single-pole double-throw switch S9, and is mixed with the local oscillator F1 and output to the spectrum analyzer 1. If the local oscillator F1 has a frequency of 7GHz, the output of the mixing channel is 500MHz to 6.6GHz, the spectrum analyzer 1 can be regarded as a signal test for 500MHz to 6.6GHz, and each control state of the spectrum analyzer 1 also calls a corresponding state when 500MHz to 6.6GHz correspondingly. Therefore, when testing 7.5GHz to 13.6GHz, a tested signal is converted into a radio frequency signal which can be tested by the spectrum analyzer 1 by adding a first-stage frequency mixing mode, and is converted into a signal which can be processed by the digital intermediate frequency processing module after being converted into a third frequency by the spectrum analyzer 1, so that the tested signal with the frequency of 7.5GHz to 13.6GHz is measured, and compared with the spectrum analyzer 1 without frequency spreading, the spectrum analyzer 1 only needs to change the control states of various switches and the like according to the frequency output by the frequency spreading module, does not need to modify the circuit of the spectrum analyzer 1, and is simple to realize.
For a further example, when a frequency to be measured 10GHz is introduced from the radio frequency input port 2, the frequency to be measured 10GHz is gated into the mixing channel through the single-pole double-throw switch S7, the single-pole double-throw switch S8 and the single-pole double-throw switch S9, and after the mixing channel is mixed and filtered with the local oscillator F1 of 7GHz, a 3GHz frequency signal is output and is gated from the radio frequency input port 1 to the spectrum analyzer 1 through the single-pole double-throw switch S10, where the time-frequency spectrum analyzer 1 can consider that the signal to be measured is 3GHz, and each control module in the spectrum analyzer 1 is set according to the signal to be measured 3GHz, so that the spectrum analyzer can measure the signal to be measured 10 GHz.
Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a frequency spreading apparatus according to the present invention. Frequency spreading for a spectrum analyzer, the frequency spreading means comprising:
a first switch S7, a second switch S8, a third switch S9, a through channel, a mixing channel, and a fourth switch S10; wherein the input terminal of the first switch S7 inputs the signal under test, the first output terminal of the first switch S7 is connected to the first input terminal of the second switch S8, the second output terminal of the first switch S7 is connected to one terminal of the power load, and the other terminal of the power load is directly grounded; an output terminal of the second switch S8 is connected to an input terminal of the third switch S9, and a second input terminal of the second switch S8 is connected to a self-calibration signal input terminal; a first output terminal of the third switch S9 is connected to an input terminal of the through channel, a second output terminal of the third switch S9 is connected to an input terminal of the mixing channel, an output terminal of the through channel is connected to a first input terminal of the fourth switch S10, and an output terminal of the mixing channel is connected to a second input terminal of the fourth switch S10; the output end of the fourth switch S10 is connected to the input end of the rf front-end module.
The frequency expansion related to the technical scheme can be realized by only adding a frequency expansion module in a mode of providing options without changing the circuit of the existing spectrum analyzer. The mode of selecting the parts can conveniently and flexibly meet the requirements of different users on the frequency measurable range.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.