CN106872407A - One kind improves frequency sweep optical coherent chromatographic imaging resolution method - Google Patents
One kind improves frequency sweep optical coherent chromatographic imaging resolution method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
One kind improves frequency sweep optical coherent chromatographic imaging resolution method, and the method is needed to obtain a standard k clock signal by experiment, and the time delay of the k clock signals for needing correction is then calculated using computing cross-correlation.By the time delay for calculating, k clock signals move left and right so as to be corrected to it, and the zero passage point coordinates of the k clock signals after movement is calculated using interpolation algorithm.Reuse interpolation algorithm and row interpolation is entered to interference signal at zero passage point coordinates, obtain the equally spaced interference signal of wave-number domain.This interference signal is multiplied with a Hamming window function carries out light spectrum reshaping, then just can obtain one-dimensional curve of the sample reflectivity with change in depth, i.e. A line images to carrying out Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) by the interference signal after light spectrum reshaping again.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to frequency sweep optical coherent chromatographic imaging (Swept source Optical Coherence
Tomography, SS-OCT).
Background technology
Optical coherent chromatographic imaging (Optical Coherence Tomography, OCT) is one kind by detecting sample
The intensity of back-scattering light obtains the biomedical optical imaging technique of the structural information of sample different depth, is invaded with non-
Enter, high-resolution, can physical examination survey biological tissue's internal microstructure information the features such as.From 1991 1991, masschusetts, U.S.A reason
J.G.Fujimoto and D.Huang of engineering college et al. first proposed this concept, and retina and coronary artery are carried out
In vitro imaging, has been widely used in the clinical diagnosis and research in the fields such as ophthalmology, dept. of dermatology, angiocarpy at present.
OCT can be divided into time domain OCT (TD-OCT) and frequency domain OCT (FD-OCT), and frequency domain OCT can be divided into based on spectrometer
Frequency domain OCT (SD-OCT) and the frequency domain OCT (SS-OCT) based on swept light source.In SS-OCT systems, the light that light source sends
It is not that wave number (k) domain is equally spaced, theoretical according to SD-OCT, spatial information and the light wave number in sample depth direction are that Fourier becomes
Change right, it is therefore necessary to which resampling is carried out so as to obtain in the equally spaced interference signal in k domains in k domains to interference signal.At present mostly
The commercial swept light source of number is all integrated with wave-number domain equal interval sampling clock signal (i.e. k-clock), ideally, using this
K-clock carries out resampling to interference signal and just can obtain the equally spaced interference signal in k domains as clock.However, being limited to sweep
The precision of the stability of frequency light source and synchronous triggering hardware, and by external devices and external working environment temperature, environment shake
It is dynamic to wait interference, in resampling interference signal, the starting point of k-clock be likely to have between interference signal one it is uncertain
Time delay, so as to cause interference signal not in the strict equal interval sampling in k domains, causes systemic resolution to decline.
The business swept light source of part has carried the function that can adjust k-clock time delays, such as Santec in the market
Company's HSL series of light sources.But this time delay calibration function is directed to interference signal propagation time in optical fiber and coaxial cable
The propagation time inconsistent design in coaxial cable with k-clock.The reference formula meter that user is provided using production firm
After calculating both time differences, it is corrected by software design patterns k-clock delay times.It is this correction be it is disposable,
Typically no longer changed after setting.Therefore outside environmental elements and swept light source unstability etc. are not inherently eliminated
The uncertain latency issue of k-clock clocks for causing.System point is caused for time delay is not known between k-clock and interference signal
The problem that resolution declines, Chen Xiaojie et al. (referring to：Chen Xiaojie, Bai Baoping, Chen Xiaodong, wait a kind of raising frequency sweep Optical coherence tomographies of
Analyse time delay automatic correcting algorithm [J] Chinese lasers of imaging resolution, 2015 (12):123-130.) propose a kind of light source k-
The automatic correcting algorithm of clock time delays, the algorithm is carried out by average peak method and average full width at half maximum (FWHM) method to k-clock signals
Coarse adjustment, fine setting, accurate adjustment finally give makes systemic resolution highest k-clock starting points.This method need to be to k- in regulation
Clock is filtered, Hilbert is converted, CORDIC is converted, solve winding after, interception k-clock phases in stationary component carry out
Phase decile, is then progressively moved to k-clock signals, and often shifting to move a step all need and carry out resampling to interference signal, this
Cause that the efficiency of algorithm is low, time-consuming, reduce the practicality of algorithm.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of above-mentioned first technology, a kind of raising frequency sweep optical coherence tomography is proposed
Imaging resolution method.General principle of the invention is that the time delay of k-clock is carried by calibration light source, and then makes interference signal
More accurately can at equal intervals be put in k domains and be resampled, so as to improve systemic resolution.The present invention is by k-clock to be corrected
Signal and template signal carry out computing cross-correlation, can quickly draw the time delay of the k-clock signals that need to be corrected, so as to carry out school
Just.
Technical solution of the invention is as follows：
One kind improves SS-OCT system imaging resolution methods, and the method is comprised the following steps that：
1. the sample arm in frequency sweep optical coherence tomography system places one piece of plane mirror as sample, and it is entered
Row n times are scanned, and N is positive integer, N number of interference signal and N number of wave-number domain equal interval sampling clock signal is obtained, to different interference
Signal takes ripple when wherein full width at half maximum (FWHM) is minimum by obtaining different point spread functions after resampling and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)
Number field equal interval sampling clock signal is used as standard wave-number domain equal interval sampling clock signal, i.e. k-clock1Signal, and carry out
Retain, as the template of follow-up computing cross-correlation, take out sample；
2. the sample arm in frequency sweep optical coherence tomography system places another piece of plane mirror as sample, to it
It is scanned, the wave-number domain of optical coherent chromatographic imaging interference signal (OCT interference signals) and light source during acquisition scans
Equal interval sampling clock signal k-clock2, by k-clock2Computing cross-correlation is carried out with described template, computing cross-correlation is obtained
Abscissa τ where the maximum absolute value value of resultd；
3. τ is worked asdEqual to zero, then wave-number domain equal interval sampling clock signal k-clock is not translated2；
Work as τdMore than zero, then by wave-number domain equal interval sampling clock signal k-clock2Signal is to right translation | τd| individual sampling
Point, i.e. K'j(t)；
Work as τdLess than zero, then by wave-number domain equal interval sampling clock signal k-clock2Signal is to left | τd| individual sampling
Point, i.e. K'j(t)；
4. by the wave-number domain equal interval sampling clock signal K' after translationjT () obtains its zero crossing and sits using interpolation algorithm
Mark；
5. the optical coherent chromatographic imaging interference signal for 2. being collected to step using interpolation algorithm again is after translation
Wave-number domain equal interval sampling clock signal K'jT the zero crossing of () carries out resampling, obtain the interference of wave-number domain equal interval sampling
Signal；
6. this interference signal is multiplied with a Hamming window function carries out light spectrum reshaping, then to by dry after light spectrum reshaping
Relate to signal and carry out Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and obtain one-dimensional curve of the sample reflectivity with change in depth, i.e. A-line images.
The SS-OCT systems for implementing the above method mainly include swept light source, coupler, circulator, balanced detector, number
According to capture card, computer etc..The light that light source sends respectively enters reference by being divided into two beams after the coupler of certain splitting ratio
Arm and sample arm.The light of reference arm is incided on speculum by after circulator, Polarization Controller, collimater, by speculum
Enter one end of Michelson's interferometer after reflection from circulator again.The light of sample arm is by successively inciding sample after circulator
On the probe and sample of arm end, the return light of sample is same to enter the another of Michelson's interferometer after circulator
One end.The output end of Michelson's interferometer is connected to balanced detector, and the interference spectrum of detector detection passes through data acquisition
Card is input in computer.
Described swept light source carries k-clock, such as the swept light source HSL-20 of Santec companies.
Described Michelson's interferometer is it is characterized in that with two close to aplanatic optical interference circuit, respectively refer to
Arm and sample arm.The splitting ratio of the interferometer is 50:50, it can be that bulk optics system can also be fiber optic system.
Described balanced detector is the detector with photoelectric signal transformation function and amplified difference signal.
Preferably, described interpolation algorithm can use cubic spline interpolation algorithm.
Preferably, the scanning times N when standard k-clock signals are taken can be increased, to improve effect of the present invention.
It is of the invention compared with first technology, come final without carrying out coarse adjustment, fine setting, accurate adjustment to light source k-clock signals
To making systemic resolution highest k-clock starting points.K-clock need to be filtered when avoiding regulation, Hilbert becomes
Change, CORDIC is converted, solve the computings such as winding, be ensure that while Riming time of algorithm is reduced and systemic resolution is carried
It is high.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is optical-fiber type frequency sweep optical coherence tomography system structural representation.
Fig. 2 is this method step schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is to individual layer speculum sample, using the A-line signal graphs of sample before this method correction.
Fig. 4 is the A-line signal graphs of sample after being corrected using this method to individual layer speculum sample.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment and accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described, but should not limit of the invention with this embodiment
Protection domain.
Fig. 1 is referred to, Fig. 1 is optical-fiber type frequency sweep optical coherence tomography system structural representation.Including frequency sweep
Light source 1, output light and the splitting ratio of swept light source are 90:The input port of 10 coupler 6-2 is connected, and coupler 6-2 is by light
It is divided into sample arm light path 13 and reference arm light path 12.The light of one output port output 90% of coupler 6-2 enters sample arm
In light path 13, two pieces of galvanometers 9-1,9-2 by sequentially passing through two-dimensional scanning mirrors after circulator 7-2 are finally irradiated to be measured
Sample 10.Through sample 10 reflect return light along sample arm backtracking to circulator 7-2 after, from the 3rd of circulator 7-2
Port enters in coupler 6-1.
The light of another output port output 10% of coupler 6-2 enters in reference arm light path 12, enters circulator 7-1
After pass sequentially through Polarization Controller 8, collimation lens 14 after, be finally irradiated to plane mirror 11.Reflected through plane mirror 11
Return light along reference arm backtracking to circulator 7-1 after, from the 3rd port of circulator 7-1 enter coupler 6-1 in.
The return light of reference arm light path 12 and the return light of sample arm light path 13 are interfered in coupler 6-1, and the interference light is through flat
Weighing apparatus detector 5 is detected, and converts optical signals into electric signal.The electric signal sends into computer 3 after being gathered through data collecting card 4
In.
In the present embodiment, the centre wavelength of swept light source is 1310nm, and bandwidth is about 104nm.
Basic mathematical principle of the invention is as described below.
The axial resolution of OCT systems depends on the centre wavelength of light source and the bandwidth of light source, when light source light spectrum is Gauss
During shape, system longitudinal frame can be calculated by following formula：
By formula (1), the theoretical longitudinal frame for being calculated system in the present embodiment is 7.6 μm.
The interference spectrum intensity for obtaining is detected in described balanced detector 5 can be expressed as：
S (k) is light source light spectrum density, R in formulaRWith RSReference arm reflectivity and sample arm reflection rate, Δ x tables are represented respectively
Show the optical path difference between reference arm and sample arm, k represents light wave number,It is the phase difference of reference arm light beam and sample arm light beam.
The k-clock signals that light source is carried are produced by the Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) of light source internal, and light source exists
MZI interference signals during i ＆ lt frequency sweep are represented by
Ii(ki(t))∝s(ki(t))cos(ki(t) d), (3)
In formula, s (ki(t)) spectral concentration of swept light source is represented, d is the light path of light source internal Mach-Zehnder interferometer
Difference, kiT it is the function of time t that () represents light wave number k.
Need k-clock signals (the i.e. K of correctionj(t)) with standard k-clock signals (i.e. template signal, with Ks(t) table
Show) carry out computing cross-correlation.Due to Ks(t) and KjT () is data signal after being gathered by data collecting card, therefore both is mutual
Correlation function is represented by
N represents k-clock signal lengths in formula, as τ=τdWhenAbsolute value have maximum, then illustrate Kj(t)
Advanced or delayed τdIndividual sampled point and KsT () is most like, i.e.,The position of peak value deviation from origin reflect Kj(t) and mould
Partitioned signal KsThe time difference between (t).If data collecting card sample frequency is SrateGSa/s, then can calculate Kj(t) and Ks(t)
Between the true time difference be
Fig. 2 is a kind of raising SS-OCT system imaging resolution method step schematic diagrams of the invention.By step shown in figure,
Tested.
One piece of plane mirror is placed as sample in the sample arm of frequency sweep optical coherence tomography system, and it is carried out
N times are scanned, and N is positive integer, obtains N number of interference signal and N number of wave-number domain equal interval sampling clock signal, and different interference is believed
Number by obtaining different point spread functions after resampling and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), wave number when wherein full width at half maximum (FWHM) is minimum is taken
Domain equal interval sampling clock signal is used as standard wave-number domain equal interval sampling clock signal, i.e. k-clock1Signal, and protected
Stay, as the template of follow-up computing cross-correlation, take out sample；
Another piece of plane mirror is placed as sample in the sample arm of frequency sweep optical coherence tomography system, and it is entered
Row scanning, the wave-number domain equal interval sampling clock signal of optical coherent chromatographic imaging interference signal and light source during acquisition scans
k-clock2, by k-clock2Computing cross-correlation is carried out with described template, the maximum absolute value value of computing cross-correlation result is obtained
The abscissa τ at placed；
Work as τdEqual to zero, then wave-number domain equal interval sampling clock signal k-clock is not translated2；
Work as τdMore than zero, then by wave-number domain equal interval sampling clock signal k-clock2Signal is to right translation | τd| individual sampling
Point, i.e. K'j(t)；
Work as τdLess than zero, then by wave-number domain equal interval sampling clock signal k-clock2Signal is to left | τd| individual sampling
Point, i.e. K'j(t)；
By the wave-number domain equal interval sampling clock signal K' after translationjT () obtains its zero passage point coordinates using interpolation algorithm；
The optical coherent chromatographic imaging interference signal for 2. being collected to step using interpolation algorithm again is after translation
Wave-number domain equal interval sampling clock signal K'jT the zero crossing of () carries out resampling, obtain the interference letter of wave-number domain equal interval sampling
Number；
This interference signal is multiplied with a Hamming window function carries out light spectrum reshaping, then to by the interference after light spectrum reshaping
Signal carries out Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and obtains one-dimensional curve of the sample reflectivity with change in depth, i.e. A-line images.
Fig. 3 is the A-line signal graphs using sample after present invention correction, and Fig. 4 is the A- using sample before present invention correction
Line signal graphs.The FWHM for measuring interference peaks in the two A-line signal graphs can obtain system longitudinal direction before and after present invention correction
Resolution ratio.It can be seen that after corrected, systemic resolution by correcting before 15.7 μm bring up to 12.6 μm, improve
About 20%.The actual longitudinal frame of system is probably due to the dispersion between system sample arm and reference arm less than theoretical value
What mismatch and light spectrum reshaping caused.Using set forth herein method, using in above-mentioned experiment obtain standard k-clock believe
Number 37 experiments are repeated as template, test result indicate that, systemic resolution is improved in 37 experiments, explanation
Method has preferable robustness.By calculating, system longitudinal frame averagely improves 18.2%.
When being imaged using SS-OCT systems every time, in order to avoid outside environmental elements and flashing is qualitative causes
Systematic function decline, be required to carry out system k-clock time delay corrections, and the time loss that the present invention brings is small, not
May insure that there is resolution ratio higher in the case of influence system worked well.
Claims (1)
1. it is a kind of to improve frequency sweep optical coherent chromatographic imaging resolution method, it is characterised in that it is as follows that the method comprising the steps of：
1. the sample arm in frequency sweep optical coherence tomography system places one piece of plane mirror as sample, and N is carried out to it
Secondary scanning, N is positive integer, obtains N number of interference signal and N number of wave-number domain equal interval sampling clock signal, and different interference is believed
Number by obtaining different point spread functions after resampling and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), wave number when wherein full width at half maximum (FWHM) is minimum is taken
Domain equal interval sampling clock signal is used as standard wave-number domain equal interval sampling clock signal, i.e. k-clock1Signal, and protected
Stay, as the template of follow-up computing cross-correlation, take out sample；
2. the sample arm in frequency sweep optical coherence tomography system places another piece of plane mirror as sample, and it is carried out
Scanning, the wave-number domain equal interval sampling clock signal k- of optical coherent chromatographic imaging interference signal and light source during acquisition scans
clock2, by k-clock2Computing cross-correlation is carried out with described template, the maximum absolute value value institute of computing cross-correlation result is obtained
Abscissa τd；
3. τ is worked asdEqual to zero, then wave-number domain equal interval sampling clock signal k-clock is not translated2；
Work as τdMore than zero, then by wave-number domain equal interval sampling clock signal k-clock2Signal is to right translation | τd| individual sampled point, i.e.,
K'j(t)；
Work as τdLess than zero, then by wave-number domain equal interval sampling clock signal k-clock2Signal is to left | τd| individual sampled point, i.e.,
K'j(t)；
4. by the wave-number domain equal interval sampling clock signal K' after translationjT () obtains its zero passage point coordinates using interpolation algorithm；
5. ripple of the optical coherent chromatographic imaging interference signal for 2. being collected to step using interpolation algorithm again after translation
Number field equal interval sampling clock signal K'jT the zero crossing of () carries out resampling, obtain the interference letter of wave-number domain equal interval sampling
Number；
6. this interference signal is multiplied with a Hamming window function carries out light spectrum reshaping, then to by the interference letter after light spectrum reshaping
Number carrying out Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) obtains one-dimensional curve of the sample reflectivity with change in depth, i.e. A-line images.
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| CN110742583A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2020-02-04 | 南京沃福曼医疗科技有限公司 | Spectral shaping method for polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography demodulation of catheter |
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