CN106876617B - Automatic temperature control battery box and control method thereof - Google Patents
Automatic temperature control battery box and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106876617B CN106876617B CN201710237559.XA CN201710237559A CN106876617B CN 106876617 B CN106876617 B CN 106876617B CN 201710237559 A CN201710237559 A CN 201710237559A CN 106876617 B CN106876617 B CN 106876617B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an automatic temperature control battery box which comprises a shell, a controller, a main heater and a battery pack, wherein the battery pack is immersed in a phase change material; the controller is connected with the main heater, the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor respectively, the first temperature sensor is used for obtaining the atmospheric environment temperature outside the shell, the second temperature sensor is used for obtaining the temperature of the main heater, the controller collects the voltage value of the battery pack through the controller, and when the temperature value detected by the first temperature sensor is smaller than a preset first temperature interval, the temperature value detected by the second temperature sensor is smaller than a preset second temperature interval and the detected voltage value is larger than a preset first voltage interval, the controller starts the main heater to work and transfers heat of the main heater to the phase-change material to store energy. The invention has the beneficial effects that the temperature balance of each area of the battery pack can be maintained under the condition of low consumption, so that the battery pack can be applied to the environment of minus 20 ℃ to minus 40 ℃.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to an automatic temperature control battery box and a control method thereof.
Background
At present, the battery is widely applied to occasions needing to provide large current, such as electric automobiles, robots, electric tools and the like, however, in the actual use process, the battery has a great correlation with temperature due to the characteristics of the battery, and the discharge output power of the battery has a great difference under the low temperature condition, so that the application of the battery under severe conditions is limited; on the other hand, too low a temperature has a great influence on the operation safety of the battery.
Particularly, when the temperature is lower than 0 ℃, the electrode reaction rate of the lithium battery can be obviously reduced, and the dischargeable current can be rapidly reduced during discharging, so that the output power is also reduced, particularly, when the lithium battery is charged at a low temperature, lithium ions are easy to produce crystallization and separate out, and the separator is pierced to cause internal short circuit. After the temperature is raised, the activity of the electrolyte is increased, and the dischargeable capacity of the lithium battery is increased.
The existing battery temperature control mainly comprises the following steps that for example, a heat exchange component is arranged in a battery box shell and is filled with a phase change material, the heat exchange component is used for controlling the temperature of a battery, the phase change material is used for storing energy, and the temperature of the battery can be controlled in a proper range through the cooperation of the heat exchange component and an energy storage part; the temperature is also controlled by a controller, the ambient temperature is obtained by a sensor and is compared with preset temperature regulation, if the ambient temperature is not met, the temperature is regulated by the controller until the preset temperature value is reached, but the schemes have a problem that the heater surrounds the periphery of the battery core to heat or the packaging body filled with the phase change material surrounds the periphery of the battery core to conduct heat, so that the energy is consumed, the heating is uneven, the heat preservation of the battery is poor, and the battery cannot be suitable for extreme climate conditions.
In view of the above drawbacks, the present inventors have finally achieved the present invention through long-time studies and practices.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that the battery box capable of automatically controlling the temperature comprises a shell, a controller, a main heater and a battery pack, wherein the shell is a double-layer hollow shell, and the battery pack is immersed in a phase change material; the controller is respectively connected with the main heater, the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor, the first temperature sensor is used for acquiring the atmospheric environment temperature outside the shell, the second temperature sensor is used for acquiring the temperature of the main heater, the controller acquires a voltage signal of the battery pack through an A/D (analog-to-digital) conversion circuit arranged in the controller and converts the voltage signal into a voltage value of digital quantity, and when the temperature value detected by the first temperature sensor is smaller than a preset first temperature interval, and the temperature value detected by the second temperature sensor is smaller than a preset second temperature interval and simultaneously the voltage value detected by the A/D conversion circuit is larger than a preset first voltage interval, the controller starts the main heater to work and transfers heat of the main heater to the phase-change material to store energy.
Further, a heat conducting plate is arranged between the main heater and the phase change material.
Further, when the temperature value detected by the first temperature sensor is greater than the preset first temperature interval or the temperature value detected by the second temperature sensor is greater than the preset second temperature interval or the voltage value detected by the A/D analog-to-digital conversion circuit is less than the preset first voltage interval, the controller controls the main heater to stop working.
Further, when the temperature value detected by the first temperature sensor is between preset first temperature areas or the temperature value detected by the second temperature sensor is between preset second temperature areas or the voltage value detected by the A/D conversion circuit is between preset first voltage areas, the controller controls the main heater to maintain the original state.
Further, the battery box capable of automatically controlling temperature further comprises an auxiliary heater which is arranged in the battery pack, the auxiliary heater is connected with the controller, the controller obtains the temperature of the battery pack through a third temperature sensor, and when the temperature value detected by the third temperature sensor is smaller than a preset third temperature interval and the voltage value detected by the A/D analog-to-digital conversion circuit is larger than a preset second voltage interval, the controller starts the auxiliary heater to work so as to heat the battery pack.
Further, when the temperature value detected by the third temperature sensor is greater than the preset third temperature interval or the voltage value detected by the A/D conversion circuit is smaller than the preset second voltage interval, the controller controls the auxiliary heater to stop working.
Further, when the temperature value detected by the third temperature sensor is between the preset third temperature interval or the voltage value detected by the a/D conversion circuit is between the preset second voltage interval, the controller controls the auxiliary heater to maintain the original state.
Further, when the voltage value detected by the A/D analog-to-digital conversion circuit is larger than the preset first voltage interval, the power supply of the auxiliary heater is an external charger; and when the voltage value detected by the A/D analog-to-digital conversion circuit is smaller than the preset first voltage interval, the power supply of the auxiliary heater is the electric energy stored by the battery pack.
In another aspect, a control method of an automatic temperature control battery box is provided, and the control method of the main heater comprises the following steps: when the temperature value detected by the first temperature sensor is smaller than the preset first temperature interval, the temperature value detected by the second temperature sensor is smaller than the preset second temperature interval, and the voltage value detected by the A/D analog-to-digital conversion circuit is larger than the preset first voltage interval, the controller starts the main heater to work; when the value detected by the first temperature sensor or the second temperature sensor or the A/D analog-to-digital conversion circuit is within a corresponding interval, the controller controls the main heater to maintain the original state; and when the value detected by the first temperature sensor or the second temperature sensor is larger than the corresponding temperature interval or the value detected by the A/D analog-to-digital conversion circuit is smaller than the preset first voltage interval, the controller controls the main heater to stop working.
Further, the control method of the auxiliary heater comprises the following steps: when the temperature value detected by the third temperature sensor is smaller than a preset third temperature interval and the voltage value detected by the A/D analog-to-digital conversion circuit is larger than the preset second voltage interval, the controller starts the auxiliary heater to work; when the value detected by the third temperature sensor or the A/D analog-to-digital conversion circuit is within a corresponding interval, the controller controls the auxiliary heater to maintain the original state; and when the value detected by the third temperature sensor is larger than the preset third temperature interval or the value detected by the A/D analog-to-digital conversion circuit is smaller than the preset second voltage interval, the controller controls the auxiliary heater to stop working.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the phase change material with high heat storage value is heated by the heater, and the battery pack is immersed in the phase change material, so that the temperature balance of each area of the battery pack can be ensured under the condition of low consumption, and the battery pack can be applied to an extremely low temperature environment of minus 20 ℃ to minus 40 ℃; 2. the battery pack is packaged in the phase change material, so that the effects of direct energy storage and heat preservation can be achieved; 3. the auxiliary heater is arranged to compensate the temperature of the battery pack, so that the auxiliary heater is started when the temperature of the battery pack is lower and the voltage of the heating loop is higher than the lowest starting voltage; 4. under the condition that an external charger is connected, the battery pack can meet the condition of the minimum working temperature through the cooperation of the main heater and the auxiliary heater; the electric energy stored by the battery pack itself can be used for heating without an external charger, so that the discharge performance of the battery pack under extreme weather conditions is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a partial exploded view of a battery box in accordance with a first embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional elevation view of the battery compartment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a control circuit diagram of the controller of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a temperature control block diagram of the main heater of the present invention when heating;
FIG. 5 is a temperature control block diagram of the auxiliary heater of the present invention when heating;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the battery pack of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a partial exploded view of a battery box in a fourth embodiment;
fig. 8 is a front cross-sectional view of the battery case of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the back side of the battery compartment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a circuit control diagram of the valve controller of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The above and further technical features and advantages of the present invention are described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
Fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4 are respectively a partial exploded view of the battery box, a sectional front view of the battery box, a control circuit diagram of the controller and a temperature control block diagram of the main heater during heating.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an automatic temperature control battery box comprises a casing 1, wherein the casing is a double-layer hollow casing (not shown in the drawings); a main heater 2; a controller 3; a battery 4 immersed in the phase change material 5.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the controller 3 acquires the temperature of the atmosphere outside the casing 1 through the first temperature sensor 31, acquires the temperature of the main heater 2 through the second temperature sensor 32, acquires the voltage signal of the battery pack 4 through the a/D conversion circuit 33 built therein, and converts the voltage signal into a digital voltage value, when the temperature value detected by the first temperature sensor 31 is smaller than a preset first temperature interval, and the temperature value detected by the second temperature sensor 32 is smaller than a preset second temperature interval, and simultaneously the voltage value detected by the a/D conversion circuit 33 is larger than a preset first voltage interval, the controller 3 starts the main heater 2 to operate, and transfers the heat of the main heater to the phase change material 5 for energy storage, preferably, a heat conducting plate 21 is arranged between the main heater 2 and the phase change material 5 (not shown in fig. 1), so that the heat of the main heater 2 is conductive to the phase change material 5, and the heat of the phase change material 5 is conductive to the outside the casing 1 through the heat conducting plate 21.
The battery pack 4 is packaged in the phase change material 5, so that the effect of direct energy storage and heat preservation can be achieved, the phase change material 5 is made of a polymer composite phase change material, the phase change temperature of the polymer composite phase change material is 40-50 ℃, and the polymer composite phase change material has the characteristic of insulation and can be directly packaged together with the battery pack 4; the flame-retardant PVC plastic has the characteristic of flame retardance, and is safe and reliable in use; has a high thermal conductivity (thermal conductivity K > 0.8), and is capable of conducting heat of the battery pack 4 to the inner wall of the case 1 through the phase change material 5, and diffusing the heat to the outside through the case 1.
Examples are as follows: the ambient temperature value detected by the first temperature sensor 31 is T 1 The preset first temperature interval is more than or equal to 20 ℃ and less than or equal to 25 ℃; the temperature value of the main heater detected by the second temperature sensor 32 is T 2 The preset second temperature interval is more than or equal to 40 ℃ and less than or equal to 45 ℃; the voltage value detected by the A/D analog-to-digital conversion circuit 33 built in the controller 3 is U 1 The preset first voltage interval is 25.2V less than or equal to U less than or equal to 26.4V, and when the controller detects T at the same time 1 <20℃，T 2 <40℃，U>At 26.4V, the controller 3 activates the main heater 2 to enter an operating state.
Before the controller 3 is controlled, self-checking and initialization are required to be completed so as to ensure that the controller 3 can normally and stably work, and the self-checking and initialization are required to run in a state that the battery box is connected with an external charger or a battery switch is turned on; the battery box is ensured to be in an environment with proper temperature by detecting the atmospheric environment temperature; avoiding overheating of the phase change material 5 by detecting the temperature of the main heater 2; by determining the voltage of the battery pack 4 (U >26.4V, indicating external charger access), it is ensured that the main heater 2 is started when an external charger is accessed.
According to the battery box, the heater 2 heats the phase change material 5 with high heat storage value, and the battery pack 4 is immersed in the phase change material 5, so that the temperature balance of each area of the battery pack 4 can be ensured under the condition of low consumption, and the battery box can be applied to an extremely low temperature environment of minus 20 ℃ to minus 40 ℃.
Example two
As described above, the present embodiment is different from the above-mentioned battery box with automatic temperature control, in that, as shown in fig. 4, when the temperature value detected by the first temperature sensor 31 is between preset first temperature intervals or the temperature value detected by the second temperature sensor 32 is between preset second temperature intervals or the voltage value detected by the a/D conversion circuit 33 is between preset first voltage intervals, the controller 3 controls the main heater 2 to maintain the original state.
When the temperature value detected by the first temperature sensor 31 is greater than a preset first temperature interval or the temperature value detected by the second temperature sensor 32 is greater than a preset second temperature interval or the voltage value detected by the a/D analog-to-digital conversion circuit 33 is less than a preset first voltage interval, the controller 3 controls the main heater 2 to stop working.
Examples are as follows: the ambient temperature value detected by the first temperature sensor 31 is T 1 The preset first temperature interval is more than or equal to 20 ℃ and less than or equal to 25 ℃; the temperature value of the main heater 2 detected by the second temperature sensor 32 is T 2 The preset second temperature interval is more than or equal to 40 ℃ and less than or equal to 45 ℃; the voltage value detected by the A/D analog-to-digital conversion circuit 33 built in the controller 3 is U 1 The preset first voltage interval is 25.2V less than or equal to U less than or equal to 26.4V, when the controller 3 detects T 1 、T 2 、U 1 When any one of the above-mentioned sections is located between the above-mentioned sections, the controller 3 controls the main heater 2 to maintain the original state, and when the controller 3 detects T 1 >25 ℃ or T 2 >45 ℃ or U 1 <At any one of 25.2V, the controller 3 controls the main heater 2 to stop operating.
According to the invention, the main heater 2 stops working by detecting the ambient temperature or the temperature of the main heater or the voltage of the battery pack, so that the main heater 2 can be prevented from being heated when the battery box exceeds a certain threshold range.
The control method of the main heater comprises the following steps:
when the temperature value detected by the first temperature sensor is smaller than the preset first temperature interval, the temperature value detected by the second temperature sensor is smaller than the preset second temperature interval, and the voltage value detected by the A/D analog-to-digital conversion circuit is larger than the preset first voltage interval, the controller starts the main heater to work;
when the value detected by the first temperature sensor or the second temperature sensor or the A/D analog-to-digital conversion circuit is within a corresponding interval, the controller controls the main heater to maintain the original state;
and when the value detected by the first temperature sensor or the second temperature sensor is larger than the corresponding temperature interval or the value detected by the A/D analog-to-digital conversion circuit is smaller than the preset first voltage interval, the controller controls the main heater to stop working.
Example III
As shown in fig. 6, which is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack, and in conjunction with fig. 3 and 5, the battery pack with automatic temperature control further includes an auxiliary heater 6 connected to the controller 3, wherein the controller 3 obtains the temperature of the battery pack 4 through a third temperature sensor 34, and when the temperature value detected by the third temperature sensor 34 is smaller than a preset third temperature interval and the voltage value detected by the a/D analog-to-digital conversion circuit 33 is greater than a preset second voltage interval, the controller 3 starts the auxiliary heater 6 to operate so as to directly heat the battery pack 4. In this embodiment, the auxiliary heater is preferably disposed inside the battery pack 4, so that the auxiliary heater 6 can directly heat the battery pack.
When the temperature value detected by the third temperature sensor 34 is within a preset third temperature interval or the voltage value detected by the a/D conversion circuit 33 is within a preset second voltage interval, the controller 3 controls the auxiliary heater 6 to maintain the original state.
When the temperature value detected by the third temperature sensor 34 is greater than a preset third temperature interval or the voltage value detected by the a/D conversion circuit 33 is less than a preset second voltage interval, the controller 3 controls the auxiliary heater 6 to stop working.
Examples are as follows: the battery pack temperature value detected by the third temperature sensor 34 is T 3 The preset third temperature interval is more than or equal to 5 ℃ and less than or equal to 6 ℃; the voltage value detected by the A/D analog-to-digital conversion circuit 33 built in the controller 3 is U 1 The preset second voltage interval is 25.2V less than or equal to U less than or equal to 25.6V, when the controller 3 detects T 3 <5 ℃ and simultaneously U 1 >When 25.6V, the controller 3 starts the auxiliary heater 6 to enter a working state, and when the controller 3 detects T 3 、U 1 When any one of the above-mentioned sections is located between the above-mentioned sections, the controller 3 controls the auxiliary heater 6 to maintain the original state, and when the controller 3 detects T 1 >6 ℃ or U 1 <At any one of 25.2V, the controller 3 controls the auxiliary heater 6 to stop operating.
In this embodiment, the criteria for the activation of the auxiliary heater 6 are two conditions, namely, the battery temperature and the battery voltage, and the auxiliary heater 6 may be activated when the battery temperature is low and the heating circuit voltage is greater than the minimum activation voltage.
The power supply of the auxiliary heater 6 may be an external charger, when it is detected that U >26.4V indicates that the external charger is connected, and at this time, if the temperature of the battery pack 4 is low, the auxiliary heater 6 is started to directly heat the battery pack 4, so as to ensure that the battery pack 4 can meet the condition of the minimum working temperature, so as to maintain the basic charging performance thereof, and avoid damage to the lithium battery caused by low-temperature charging; the power supply of the auxiliary heater 6 may also be the energy provided by the battery pack 4, when detecting that U <26.4V indicates that no external charger is connected, at this time, the main heater 2 stops working, if the temperature of the battery pack 4 is lower, the electric energy stored in the battery pack 4 is used for heating, and then the battery pack 4 is directly heated by the heat conducting material, which is a strategy for sacrificing part of the performance to ensure the residual power supply capability, and the direct heating also ensures the maximization of the utility.
In the battery box, under the condition that an external charger is connected, the battery pack 4 can meet the condition of the minimum working temperature through the cooperation of the main heater 2 and the auxiliary heater 6; the electric energy stored by the battery pack itself can also be used for heating without an external charger, ensuring the discharge performance of the battery pack 4 in extreme climatic conditions.
The control method of the auxiliary heater comprises the following steps: when the temperature value detected by the third temperature sensor is smaller than a preset third temperature interval and the voltage value detected by the A/D analog-to-digital conversion circuit is larger than the preset second voltage interval, the controller starts the auxiliary heater to work;
when the value detected by the third temperature sensor or the A/D analog-to-digital conversion circuit is within a corresponding interval, the controller controls the auxiliary heater to maintain the original state;
and when the value detected by the third temperature sensor is larger than the preset third temperature interval or the value detected by the A/D analog-to-digital conversion circuit is smaller than the preset second voltage interval, the controller controls the auxiliary heater to stop working.
Example IV
Referring to fig. 7, 8 and 9, there are shown a partially exploded view, a front sectional view and a back sectional view of the battery case of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 7 to 9, a battery box includes a casing 1, the casing 1 is a double-layer hollow casing, a plurality of channels 11 which are mutually communicated are provided between an inner layer and an outer layer of the casing 1, two valves which are communicated with the channels 11 are provided on the casing 1, a circulation direction of the valves is inward, and a circulation direction of the valves is outward.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 7 to 9, two valves are disposed on the housing 1 and are respectively connected in series with the channel 11, wherein one valve 12 can be used for controlling air inlet, the other valve 13 can be used for controlling air outlet, and when both valves are in a closed state, air in the channel 11 is in a non-circulation state, so that an effect of heat insulation and heat preservation can be achieved; as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the direction indicated by the arrow in the drawing is the air flowing direction, when both valves are in the open state, that is, the flowing direction of one valve 12 is inward, the flowing direction of the other valve 13 is outward, the external air returns to the external space through one valve 12, the channel 11 inside the shell and the other valve 13, and the air flow channel formed by the external air and the channel 11 can take away the redundant heat through the air circulation, so as to play a role of cooling.
Preferably, the channels 11 are provided on the periphery of the housing 1, so that the periphery of the housing 1 can be filled with circulating air when air flows through the channels 11, and the heat dissipation effect is better.
Preferably, the valves in this embodiment are bidirectional valves, and because the circulation direction of the bidirectional valves can be outward or inward, when a plurality of bidirectional valves are installed on the housing 1, the circulation direction of at least one valve can be randomly selected to be inward, and the circulation direction of at least one valve is selected to be outward, for example, when four bidirectional valves are installed, the circulation direction of one valve can be selected to be inward, the circulation direction of one valve is outward, and other valves are closed; or the circulation direction of one valve can be inwards, the circulation directions of the other three valves are outwards or other selection modes can be selected, the selection diversity is increased, and the selection condition can be selected according to different conditions of the temperature in the box body.
Preferably, a dust cloth (not shown) is provided at the outlet of the valve for blocking dust or large particulate matters in the outside air from entering the passage 11 to prevent clogging of the passage 11.
Further, in this embodiment, the air in the channel 11 may be extracted through the valve, so that a certain negative pressure is formed in the channel 11, and a better heat insulation effect is achieved.
In this embodiment, the number of the valves is not limited to two, but may be more than two, wherein the flow direction of at least one of the valves is inward, and the flow direction of at least one of the valves is outward.
Example five
A battery box as described above, the present embodiment is different from the above, in that, as shown in fig. 10, it is a circuit control diagram of a valve controller, and a battery box further includes a valve controller 7 connected to the pressure sensor 71 and the switch 72 of the valve, wherein the pressure sensor 71 is used for detecting the pressure in the channel 11, and when the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 71 is greater than the pressure threshold in the channel 11, the valve controller 3 controls the opening of the valve outward in at least one flow direction.
In this embodiment, the pressure sensor 71 is provided to detect the pressure in the channel 11, and when the detected value is greater than the pressure threshold value, the controller controls the valve to open in the outward direction of flow to release the pressure, so that the risk of explosion due to expansion of the internal air when the temperature in the channel 11 is too high can be avoided.
Example six
A battery box as described above, the present embodiment is different from the above, in that, as shown in fig. 10, it is a circuit control diagram of a valve controller, a battery box further includes a temperature sensor 73 connected to the valve controller 3, the temperature sensor 73 is used for detecting the temperature in the channel 11, when the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor 73 is greater than the temperature threshold in the channel 11, the valve controller 3 controls the valve to turn to exhaust air for cooling; when the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 71 is smaller than the pressure threshold value in the channel 11 and the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor 73 is smaller than the temperature threshold value in the channel 11, the valve controller 3 controls the valve to be closed so as to play a role in heat insulation and preservation.
In this embodiment, when the temperature is too high, the phase change material 5 with high thermal conductivity coefficient can conduct internal heat to the inner wall of the shell 1, and the controller 3 controls the valve to automatically turn to the direction of exhaust cooling, so as to achieve the function of heat dissipation, and simultaneously can reduce the pressure in the channel 11; when the temperature is too low, if the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 71 is smaller than the pressure threshold value in the channel 11, the closing of the valve can be controlled to ensure that the inside of the channel 11 is in a closed state again under the condition that the pressure in the channel 11 is in a safe state, and at this time, the too low temperature in the channel 11 can be compensated for by the phase change material 5 stored in the shell 1.
Example seven
The battery box of the present embodiment is different from the above-mentioned one in that, as shown in fig. 7, the bottom of the housing 1 is provided with a plurality of ribs 8 for supporting the weight inside the housing 1.
In the above embodiment, the main heater 2 is adopted for heating, the auxiliary heater 6 is adopted for compensating the temperature, and the phase change material 5 is adopted for directly packaging the battery pack 4, so that the functions of heat storage and heat preservation are realized; the air channel of the internal circulation of the shell and the opening direction of the automatic control valve realize the dual functions of air heat insulation, heat preservation, heat dissipation and temperature reduction.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that modifications and additions may be made to those skilled in the art without departing from the method of the present invention, which modifications and additions are also to be considered as within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The battery box with the automatic temperature control function comprises a shell, wherein the shell is a double-layer hollow shell, and is characterized by further comprising a controller, an auxiliary heater, a main heater and a battery pack, wherein the battery pack is immersed in a phase change material, the auxiliary heater is arranged in the battery pack, and the auxiliary heater is connected with the controller;
the controller is respectively connected with the main heater, a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor, the first temperature sensor is used for acquiring the atmospheric environment temperature outside the shell, the second temperature sensor is used for acquiring the temperature of the main heater, the controller acquires a voltage signal of the battery pack through an A/D (analog-to-digital) conversion circuit arranged in the controller and converts the voltage signal into a voltage value of digital quantity, and when the temperature value detected by the first temperature sensor is smaller than a preset first temperature interval, and the temperature value detected by the second temperature sensor is smaller than a preset second temperature interval and simultaneously the voltage value detected by the A/D conversion circuit is larger than a preset first voltage interval, the controller starts the main heater to work and transfers heat of the main heater to the phase-change material for storing energy;
the controller acquires the temperature of the battery pack through a third temperature sensor, and when the temperature value detected by the third temperature sensor is smaller than a preset third temperature interval and the voltage value detected by the A/D analog-to-digital conversion circuit is larger than a preset second voltage interval, the controller starts the auxiliary heater to work so as to heat the battery pack.
2. The automatic temperature control battery compartment of claim 1, wherein a thermally conductive plate is disposed between the main heater and the phase change material.
3. The automatic temperature control battery box according to claim 1, wherein the controller controls the main heater to stop operating when the temperature value detected by the first temperature sensor is greater than the preset first temperature interval or the temperature value detected by the second temperature sensor is greater than the preset second temperature interval or the voltage value detected by the a/D conversion circuit is less than the preset first voltage interval.
4. The battery box with automatic temperature control according to claim 3, wherein the controller controls the main heater to maintain an original state when the temperature value detected by the first temperature sensor is between preset first temperature areas or the temperature value detected by the second temperature sensor is between preset second temperature areas or the voltage value detected by the a/D conversion circuit is between preset first voltage areas.
5. The automatic temperature control battery box according to claim 1, wherein the controller controls the auxiliary heater to stop operating when the temperature value detected by the third temperature sensor is greater than the preset third temperature interval or the voltage value detected by the a/D conversion circuit is less than the preset second voltage interval.
6. The automatic temperature control battery box according to claim 5, wherein the controller controls the auxiliary heater to maintain an original state when the temperature value detected by the third temperature sensor is between the preset third temperature interval or the voltage value detected by the a/D conversion circuit is between the preset second voltage interval.
7. The automatic temperature control battery box according to claim 1, wherein when the voltage value detected by the a/D conversion circuit is greater than the preset first voltage interval, the power supply of the auxiliary heater is an external charger; and when the voltage value detected by the A/D analog-to-digital conversion circuit is smaller than the preset first voltage interval, the power supply of the auxiliary heater is the electric energy stored by the battery pack.
8. A control method of an automatic temperature control battery box according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that,
the control method of the main heater comprises the following steps: when the temperature value detected by the first temperature sensor is smaller than the preset first temperature interval, the temperature value detected by the second temperature sensor is smaller than the preset second temperature interval, and the voltage value detected by the A/D analog-to-digital conversion circuit is larger than the preset first voltage interval, the controller starts the main heater to work;
when the value detected by the first temperature sensor or the second temperature sensor or the A/D analog-to-digital conversion circuit is within a corresponding interval, the controller controls the main heater to maintain the original state;
and when the value detected by the first temperature sensor or the second temperature sensor is larger than the corresponding temperature interval or the value detected by the A/D analog-to-digital conversion circuit is smaller than the preset first voltage interval, the controller controls the main heater to stop working.
9. The method for controlling an automatically temperature-controlled battery box according to claim 8, wherein,
the control method of the auxiliary heater comprises the following steps: when the temperature value detected by the third temperature sensor is smaller than a preset third temperature interval and the voltage value detected by the A/D analog-to-digital conversion circuit is larger than the preset second voltage interval, the controller starts the auxiliary heater to work;
when the value detected by the third temperature sensor or the A/D analog-to-digital conversion circuit is within a corresponding interval, the controller controls the auxiliary heater to maintain the original state;
and when the value detected by the third temperature sensor is larger than the preset third temperature interval or the value detected by the A/D analog-to-digital conversion circuit is smaller than the preset second voltage interval, the controller controls the auxiliary heater to stop working.
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| CN109841765B (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2021-06-18 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Battery cover plate and battery pack with same |
| CN109888429B (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2021-07-09 | 南京航空航天大学 | Negative Poisson ratio anti-collision temperature control integrated battery system and control method thereof |
| CN110031045B (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2024-02-23 | 南京信息工程大学 | Device and method for monitoring gas in sealed battery compartment of electric bus |
| US11289757B2 (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2022-03-29 | The Aerospace Corporation | Radioisotope thermoelectric battery (RTB) system |
| CN113782846A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-12-10 | 岚图汽车科技有限公司 | Battery system, control method and control device of battery system and vehicle |
| CN115863834A (en) * | 2022-12-22 | 2023-03-28 | 中国铁塔股份有限公司 | Temperature control device |
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| US6270638B1 (en) * | 1997-05-23 | 2001-08-07 | Kabushiki Kaisha Riken | Pyro-sensor and pyro-control circuit |
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