CN106858578A - 适于糖尿病患者食用的营养面粉 - Google Patents
适于糖尿病患者食用的营养面粉 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106858578A CN106858578A CN201710233788.4A CN201710233788A CN106858578A CN 106858578 A CN106858578 A CN 106858578A CN 201710233788 A CN201710233788 A CN 201710233788A CN 106858578 A CN106858578 A CN 106858578A
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- parts
- flour
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- powder
- diabetes mellitus
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种适于糖尿病患者食用的营养面粉,所述食品包括以下组分:糜米粉、玉米粉、荞面粉、豆面粉、全麦面粉、杏仁粉和枸杞粉;谷类和豆类搭配,粗粮和细粮搭配有利于提高蛋白质的利用率,增加膳食纤维的摄入,能够促进机体功能的自我调理,并对体内缺乏的营养元素有强化性的补充,能够对糖尿病患者血糖水平的维持起到一定的辅助作用,保持餐后血糖的平稳,有利于控制血糖,在对机体补充所需营养的同时能维持患者的标准体重水平,对糖尿病患者具有一定的保健功能,适合糖尿病患者三餐食用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及食品领域,特别涉及一种适于糖尿病患者食用的营养面粉。
背景技术
糖尿病是一种由于体内胰岛素的绝对或相对分泌不足而引起的以糖代谢紊乱为主的全身性疾病。临床主要表现为多饮、多食、多尿、消瘦乏力等症状。糖尿病属中医消渴、消瘅范畴,中医认为主要成因有饮食不节、情志失调和肾阴亏损三个方面;消渴病变与五脏均有关,尤以肾为重。现代医学技术还没有发现彻底治疗糖尿病的有效手段,目前的临床处理多是以药物控制为主,以饮食控制配合来控制病情的发展。控制饮食的目的主要是控制每餐饮食中还原糖、还原糖源的摄入量以及糖类在体内消化吸收的速度,并选用能辅助降低血糖的食物,同时补充因不能正常进食各种食物而导致或可能导致缺失的营养素,如蛋白质、膳食纤维、VB1、VB6、VC、钙、锌、硒及镁等。目前有多种适合于糖尿病的保健食品或营养粉,适合糖尿病患者食用但不能或不足于补充因控制饮食而缺失的多种营养物质;往往是以降低血糖为主要诉求;忽视了患者因为饮食控制而需要补充的营养物质。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明的目的在于提供一种适于糖尿病患者食用的营养面粉,能够促进机体功能的自我调理,并对体内缺乏的营养元素有强化性的补充,能够对糖尿病患者血糖水平的维持起到一定的辅助作用,保持餐后血糖的平稳,在对机体补充所需营养的同时能维持患者的标准体重水平,对糖尿病患者具有一定的保健功能,适合糖尿病患者三餐食用。
本发明的适于糖尿病患者食用的营养面粉,包括以下组分:糜米粉、玉米粉、荞面粉、豆面粉、全麦面粉、杏仁粉和枸杞粉;
进一步,所述食品按重量份包括以下组分:
糜米粉10-40份、玉米粉5-30份、荞面粉10-45份、豆面粉2-15份、全麦面粉10-45份、杏仁粉1-15份和枸杞粉0.1-1份;
进一步,所述食品按重量份包括以下组分:
糜米粉15-35份、玉米粉5-20份、荞面粉20-45份、豆面粉2-10份、全麦面粉25-45份、杏仁粉1-10份和枸杞粉0.1-0.6份;
进一步,所述食品按重量份包括以下组分:
糜米粉25份、玉米粉10份、荞面粉30份、豆面粉5份、全麦面粉30份、杏仁粉3份和枸杞粉0.2份。
本发明的有益效果:本发明的适于糖尿病患者食用的营养面粉,谷类和豆类搭配,粗粮和细粮搭配有利于提高蛋白质的利用率,增加膳食纤维的摄入,能够促进机体功能的自我调理,并对体内缺乏的营养元素有强化性的补充,能够对糖尿病患者血糖水平的维持起到一定的辅助作用,保持餐后血糖的平稳,有利于控制血糖,在对机体补充所需营养的同时能维持患者的标准体重水平,对糖尿病患者具有一定的保健功能,适合糖尿病患者三餐食用。
糜米,具有芦丁、槲皮素、D-手性肌醇等生理功能因子,能有效地调节血糖,改善糖尿病人症状。
玉米,玉米味甘性平。玉米中含有丰富的钙、磷、镁、铁、硒等,及维生素A、B1、B2、B6、E和胡萝卜素等,具有调中开胃,益肺宁心,清湿热,利肝胆,延缓衰老等功能,于富含膳食纤维的食物搭配,减缓血糖上升。
豆面,各种豆类农作物磨成的面粉,比如黄豆、豌豆,绿豆等,豆面是选用含蛋白质多的扁豆、小豆、豌豆等原料精制而成,含有丰富的维生素和人体必需的氨基酸、无机盐等。
全麦,用没有去掉麸皮的麦类磨成面粉,含有大量的维生素、矿物质、纤维素,纤维能延缓糖向血液中释放,而较低的血糖水平也就不需要很多的胰岛素释放到血液。常此以往,较低的胰岛素水平会使细胞保持对激素的敏感性,而过量的胰岛素会减少细胞的敏感性。
杏仁,含有丰富的单不饱和脂肪酸等微量元素,维生素E、蛋白质、膳食纤维、锌、钙、镁等微量元素,补充均衡的营养,同时有助于维持饱腹感,有利于控制体重,维持健康的血糖水平。
荞麦,荞麦中铬和矾的含量较高,这两种微量元素具有明显的降血糖作用,含氨基酸为7%~13%荞麦中含有脂肪20%~30%,脂肪中含有9种脂肪酸,其中最多的是油酸和亚油酸油酸在人的身体内可以合成落花生四烯酸,具有降低血脂的作用荞麦含有多种微量元素,含有的维生素b1和b2比小麦多2倍,烟酸多3倍~4倍荞麦中还含有其他食物所不具有的芸喷鼻甙烟酸和芸喷鼻甙有降低血脂的作用。
枸杞,含甜菜碱、酸浆果红素、玉蜀黍黄素、隐黄质、天仙子胺及多种维生素如胡萝卜素、维生素B1、B2、C等,此外还含有多种微量元素和氨基酸等活性成分,药理研究结果证实,枸杞子有降血糖作用。动物实验研究发现,宁夏枸杞提取物可引起大鼠血糖显着而持久降低,碳水化合物耐量升高,并认为其降血糖作用乃由于其中含有胍的衍生物。枸杞及其多糖制剂对损害的胰岛B细胞或受体具有保护和修复作用,对人体免疫力具有调解或增强作用。此外,还发现枸杞子有降血压,降血脂,保护肝脏的作用,并有轻度抑制脂肪在肝细胞内沉积和促进肝细胞新生的作用。临床常用于治疗糖尿病肝肾阴虚者、2型糖尿病肥胖者及糖尿病并发症如视网膜病变、高血压、高血脂、冠心病等。
本发明的适于糖尿病患者食用的营养面粉,并不是各组分的简单叠加,该代餐食品,重点突出于种类的选择和搭配以及各组分之间的特殊配比关系,各组分之间协同作用,使其在补充患者机体营养的同时,又能维持餐后的健康血糖水平,保持患者的正常体重,同时增强患者机体自身的免疫力。虽然现有技术中,对血糖有调控作用的药食同源的物质很多,有利于糖尿病人的食物也很多,但是,不同的物质因自身理化性质的不同,最终导致作用效果不同,例如:实膳食纤维食品和低碳水化合物膳食可降低餐后血清胰岛素的水平。膳食纤维也会因分子结构、分子量等理化性质的原因,而在吸水性、黏度等方面有所差异,并对其减缓葡萄糖扩散、吸附和降低仅淀粉酶催化活力等功能有所影响。不同的膳食纤维对血糖的控制效果不同。
具体实施方式
本实施例的适于糖尿病患者食用的营养面粉,所述食品包括以下组分:糜米粉、玉米粉、荞面粉、豆面粉、全麦面粉、杏仁粉和枸杞粉;通过上述组分形成适用于糖尿病患者的特殊营养结构体系,增强适用于患者的营养定向性,含有丰富且具有指向性的生理活性物质,调整人体机能,延长胃的排空和肠道运送速度,延缓食物中碳水化合物的摄取,对体内缺乏的营养元素有强化性的补充,能够对糖尿病患者血糖水平的维持起到一定的辅助作用,保持餐后血糖的平稳,在对机体补充所需营养的同时能维持患者的标准体重水平。
本实施例中,所述食品按重量份包括以下组分:
糜米粉10-40份、玉米粉5-30份、荞面粉10-45份、豆面粉2-15份、全麦面粉10-45份、杏仁粉1-15份和枸杞粉0.1-1份;营养素配比合理,有效避免长期饮食限制导致的营养不良,精确控制患者的能量摄入,有效控制碳水化合物、蛋白质和脂肪的比例,达到饮食均衡的目的,使其适用于所有的糖尿病患者。
本实施例中,所述食品按重量份包括以下组分:
糜米粉15-35份、玉米粉5-20份、荞面粉20-45份、豆面粉2-10份、全麦面粉25-45份、杏仁粉1-10份和枸杞粉0.1-0.6份;该配比更能体现针对糖尿病患者的营养的定向性,代谢负担更低,通过在配比上的优化和调整,更长的延迟胃排空,降低小肠中食物的消化率。
本实施例中,所述食品按重量份包括以下组分:
糜米粉25份、玉米粉10份、荞面粉30份、豆面粉5份、全麦面粉30份、杏仁粉3份和枸杞粉0.2份。
下面通过具体实施例对本发明做进一步的阐述。
实施例一
本实施例中,所述食品按重量份包括以下组分:
糜米粉10份、玉米粉5份、荞面粉10份、豆面粉2份、全麦面粉10份、杏仁粉1份和枸杞粉0.1份。
实施例二
本实施例的适于糖尿病患者食用的营养面粉,所述食品按重量份包括以下组分:
糜米粉40份、玉米粉30份、荞面粉45份、豆面粉15份、全麦面粉45份、杏仁粉15份和枸杞粉1份。
实施例三
本实施例的适于糖尿病患者食用的营养面粉,所述食品按重量份包括以下组分:
糜米粉15份、玉米粉5份、荞面粉20份、豆面粉2份、全麦面粉25份、杏仁粉1份和枸杞粉0.1份。
实施例四
本实施例的适于糖尿病患者食用的营养面粉,所述食品按重量份包括以下组分:
糜米粉35份、玉米粉20份、荞面粉45份、豆面粉10份、全麦面粉45份、杏仁粉10份和枸杞粉0.6份。
实施例五
本实施例的适于糖尿病患者食用的营养面粉,所述食品按重量份包括以下组分:
糜米粉10份、玉米粉20份、荞面粉10份、豆面粉10份、全麦面粉10份、杏仁粉10份和枸杞粉0.1份。
实施例六
本实施例的适于糖尿病患者食用的营养面粉,所述食品按重量份包括以下组分:
糜米粉40份、玉米粉5份、荞面粉45份、豆面粉8份、全麦面粉45份、杏仁粉10份和枸杞粉1份。
实施例七
本实施例的适于糖尿病患者食用的营养面粉,所述食品按重量份包括以下组分:
糜米粉25份、玉米粉10份、荞面粉30份、豆面粉5份、全麦面粉30份、杏仁粉3份和枸杞粉0.2份。
上述实施例中,还可加入1-3份的坚果以延迟胃排空,降低小肠中食物的消化率,3-6份的南瓜粉,起到降血糖的作用,也可加入0.1-1份的甜味剂以改善口感,可以选择甜味素、安赛甜、甘草甜素、氯化蔗糖、结晶果糖、大豆寡糖、木糖醇、山梨醇和麦芽糖醇等中的一种,还可加入铬酵母0.1-0.18份、黑麦精1.5-2.5份,莜麦面5-15份。
实验例
1.对象与方法:研究对象符合WTO(1999)糖尿病诊断标准、自愿、意识清楚、具备正常交流能力,目前正接受药物治疗且病情相对稳定、无严重并发症的2型糖尿病患者30例。其中男9例,女21例,年龄48~82岁,平均年龄(65.5±10.5)岁,平均病程(8.3±6.3)年。
2.所有受试者用德国拜耳公司的拜安捷微量血糖仪检测空腹血糖,根据患者标准体重以早餐热量占全天总热量的1/5计算出每例患者的早餐能量需要。所有早餐以身高165cm,标准体重60kg的轻体力劳动者早餐需要能量设定,具体根据病人的情况适当增减。按20千卡/公斤体重能量计算。所有患者进食后静坐,2h后再次测血糖。
3.统计学处理用SPSS软件10.0进行分析,各参数用均值±标准差(x+s)表示,统计方法包括方差分析、χ2检验、t检验,以P﹤0.05为差异有显著性
4.结果各组年龄、体重指数及空腹血糖、餐后2小时血糖比较(见表)。
最后说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制,尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的宗旨和范围,其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。
Claims (4)
1.一种适于糖尿病患者食用的营养面粉,其特征在于:包括以下组分:糜米粉、玉米粉、荞面粉、豆面粉、全麦面粉、杏仁粉和枸杞粉。
2.根据权利要求1所述的适于糖尿病患者食用的营养面粉,其特征在于:所述食品按重量份包括以下组分:
糜米粉10-40份、玉米粉5-30份、荞面粉10-45份、豆面粉2-15份、全麦面粉10-45份、杏仁粉1-15份和枸杞粉0.1-1份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的适于糖尿病患者食用的营养面粉,其特征在于:所述食品按重量份包括以下组分:
糜米粉15-35份、玉米粉5-20份、荞面粉20-45份、豆面粉2-10份、全麦面粉25-45份、杏仁粉1-10份和枸杞粉0.1-0.6份。
4.根据权利要求3所述的适于糖尿病患者食用的营养面粉,其特征在于:所述食品按重量份包括以下组分:
糜米粉25份、玉米粉10份、荞面粉30份、豆面粉5份、全麦面粉30份、杏仁粉3份和枸杞粉0.2份。
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