CN106730065A - A kind of negative pressure generation system and negative pressure production method - Google Patents
A kind of negative pressure generation system and negative pressure production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106730065A CN106730065A CN201710034306.2A CN201710034306A CN106730065A CN 106730065 A CN106730065 A CN 106730065A CN 201710034306 A CN201710034306 A CN 201710034306A CN 106730065 A CN106730065 A CN 106730065A
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 206010036790 Productive cough Diseases 0.000 description 33
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 25
- 210000003019 respiratory muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 14
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 11
- 206010011224 Cough Diseases 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000003489 abdominal muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003434 inspiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007383 nerve stimulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 208000024794 sputum Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 210000003802 sputum Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000031971 Yin Deficiency Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000008784 apnea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005247 gettering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003601 intercostal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005399 mechanical ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003387 muscular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003540 papillary muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005424 photoluminescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003105 phrenic nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009711 regulatory function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A61M1/0023—
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/71—Suction drainage systems
- A61M1/73—Suction drainage systems comprising sensors or indicators for physical values
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/71—Suction drainage systems
- A61M1/74—Suction control
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
- A61M2016/0027—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure pressure meter
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2202/00—Special media to be introduced, removed or treated
- A61M2202/02—Gases
- A61M2202/0208—Oxygen
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
- A61M2205/3331—Pressure; Flow
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2230/00—Measuring parameters of the user
- A61M2230/08—Other bio-electrical signals
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
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- Hematology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of negative pressure generation system and negative pressure production method, its negative pressure generation system includes：Vacuum cavity, it has first, second, and third interface, wherein, the first and second interfaces are the suction interface to vacuum cavity pumping, and the 3rd interface is directly or indirectly as the negative port of negative pressure generation system；First air extractor, the first interface that it passes through vacuum cavity is evacuated to vacuum cavity, and when its power is W1, the gas flow at first interface is L1, produces negative pressure P1；With the second air extractor, the second interface that it passes through vacuum cavity is evacuated to vacuum cavity, and when its power is W2, the gas flow at first interface is L2, produces negative pressure P2, wherein, L1 is more than L2, and | P1 | is less than | P2 |.Predetermined negative pressure P1 first can will be evacuated in vacuum cavity with the first air extractor or first with the combination of the first air extractor and the second air extractor；Again predetermined negative pressure P2 will be evacuated to the second air extractor in vacuum cavity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of negative pressure generation system and its negative pressure production method, especially a kind of fast response time, and just
The negative pressure generation system and negative pressure production method of Yu Yinxu regulations.
Background technology
Existing negative pressure source, as a rule, under a certain power, its flow parameter and negative pressure parameter are in inverse relation
, want to change flow parameter or negative pressure parameter, big flow is for example both required, when requiring lower negative pressure again, otherwise then adjust
The power of negative pressure source, otherwise the negative pressure source for more renewing.That is, existing negative pressure source, is limited by its own performance, it is fitted
It is smaller with scope.This results in existing negative pressure source at least has following weak point：
1st, due to mutually being pind down between its flow and negative pressure value, that is to say, that when flow reaches requirement, then its energy
The negative pressure value for reaching may not meet demand, and negative pressure value, when reaching requirement, its flow may not meet demand, cause to bear
Pressure was produced slowly, for needing the occasion for being rapidly achieved predetermined negative pressure value to be applicable；
2nd, when big flow is both required, when requiring lower negative pressure again, then can only be reached by increasing power, now, its
Noise level and volume are probably to be difficult to what is received, may cannot be used because noise is exceeded or volume is excessive.
The content of the invention
(1) technical problem to be solved
In order to solve the above mentioned problem of prior art, the present invention provides a kind of negative pressure generation system, its flow parameter with it is negative
Pressure parameter can be adjusted individually, and can be rapidly achieved predetermined negative pressure value.
The present invention also provides a kind of negative pressure production method, and it can be rapidly achieved predetermined negative pressure value, and its flow parameter with
Negative pressure parameter can be adjusted individually.
(2) technical scheme
In order to achieve the above object, the main technical schemes that the present invention is used include：
A kind of negative pressure generation system, it includes：
Vacuum cavity, it has first interface, second interface and the 3rd interface, wherein, first interface and second interface are
To the suction interface of vacuum cavity pumping, the 3rd interface is directly or indirectly as the negative port of negative pressure generation system；
First air extractor, is evacuated, when its power is W1, first by the first interface of vacuum cavity to vacuum cavity
The gas flow of interface is L1, produces negative pressure P1；
Second air extractor, is evacuated, when its power is W2, first by the second interface of vacuum cavity to vacuum cavity
The gas flow of interface is L2, produces negative pressure P2,
Wherein, L1 is more than L2, and | P1 | is less than | P2 |.
The negative pressure generation system of one embodiment of the invention, wherein：
W1 is more than, less than or equal to W2.
The negative pressure generation system of one embodiment of the invention, wherein：
First air extractor is negative-pressure air fan.
The negative pressure generation system of one embodiment of the invention, wherein：
Second air extractor is air pump.
The negative pressure generation system of one embodiment of the invention, wherein：
Check valve is provided between first air extractor and the first interface of vacuum cavity, to prevent gas by the first pumping
Device flows to vacuum cavity.
The negative pressure generation system of one embodiment of the invention, wherein：
The 3rd interface is closed on before the negative port of negative pressure generation system and is provided with safety valve.
The negative pressure generation system of one embodiment of the invention, wherein：
Pressure sensor is provided with the negative port of negative pressure generation system.
The negative pressure generation system of one embodiment of the invention, it also includes control centre, and control centre is to the first pumping dress
Put and controlled respectively with the second air extractor.Can for example be controlled by controlling W1 and W2 respectively negative pressure generation system flow and
Negative pressure.
A kind of negative pressure production method, it uses any of the above-described kind of negative pressure generation system,
First with the first air extractor or first with the combination of the first air extractor and the second air extractor by vacuum cavity
It is evacuated to predetermined negative pressure P1；
Again predetermined negative pressure P2 will be evacuated to the second air extractor in vacuum cavity.
The negative pressure production method of one embodiment of the invention, wherein：
Power to the first air extractor and the second air extractor is controlled respectively.
(3) beneficial effect
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
The structure that the present invention is engaged by the first air extractor and the second air extractor, overcomes of the prior art negative
The flow and negative pressure of potential source are because of the problem pind down each other in inverse relation so that its flow parameter can be independent with negative pressure parameter
Regulation, first can also be extracted out the gas in vacuum cavity with big flow, after reaching the predetermined negative pressure P1 of the first ladder, then with height
Vacuum air pump continues to be evacuated from vacuum cavity, until reaching the predetermined negative pressure P2 of the second ladder, it is possible to achieve to vacuum cavity
Quick take out negative pressure.Meanwhile, the present invention is controlled by the regulation respectively of the power to the first air extractor and the second air extractor,
The negative pressure value in vacuum cavity can also be adjusted, makes it easier to maintain predetermined value, and its adjustable scope is bigger, application
Scope is wider, for example, when needing quickly to take out negative pressure, the overall volume of negative pressure generation system, power will not be dramatically increased, volume
Can meet more harsh demand with noise level.Especially, sputum elimination machine or the lung ventilator with expectoration function are can apply to,
When being used as negative pressure source, can meet that small volume, noise are low, can quickly take out the adjustable demand of negative pressure, negative pressure.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of the negative pressure generation system of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the negative pressure production method of first embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the negative pressure production method of second embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 is application schematic diagram of the negative pressure generation system of one embodiment of the invention in lung ventilator.
【Description of reference numerals】
1：Vacuum cavity；2：Negative-pressure air fan；3：Air pump；4：Check valve；5：Safety valve；6：Pressure sensor；7：Control
Center；
A：Expiration expectoration module；A1：Vacuum cavity；A2：Turbofan；A3：Air pump；A4：Check valve；A5：Safety valve；
A6：Pressure sensor；A8：Switching valve；A9：Pressure regulator valve；A10：Oscillator；A11：Flowmeter；A12：Baroceptor；
B：Air-breathing module；B1：Turbofan；B2：Pressure maintaining valve；B3：Flow control valve；B4：Flowmeter；B5：Hybrid chamber；
B6：Switch valve；B7：Oscillator；B8：Flowmeter；B9：Safety valve；B10：Baroceptor；B11：Baroceptor；B12：Cross
Filter；
C：Control system；D：Respiratory muscle is synchronized with the movement module.
Specific embodiment
In order to preferably explain the present invention, in order to understand, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, by specific embodiment, to this hair
It is bright to be described in detail.
Referring to Fig. 1, the negative pressure generation system of one embodiment of the invention, it includes：
Vacuum cavity, it has first interface, second interface and the 3rd interface, wherein, first interface and second interface are
To the suction interface of vacuum cavity pumping, the 3rd interface is directly or indirectly as the negative port of negative pressure generation system；
As the negative-pressure air fan of the first air extractor, vacuum cavity is evacuated by the first interface of vacuum cavity, its work(
When rate is W1, the gas flow at first interface is L1, produces negative pressure P1；
As the air pump of the second air extractor, vacuum cavity is evacuated by the second interface of vacuum cavity, its power
During for W2, the gas flow at first interface is L2, produces negative pressure P2,
Wherein, L1 is more than L2, and | P1 | is less than the gas volume that can be extracted in | P2 |, i.e. negative-pressure air fan unit interval and is more than
The gas volume that can be extracted in the air pump unit interval, and air pump to be extracted the vacuum for reaching than negative-pressure air fan more
Height, because in the incipient stage for vacuumizing, the pressure in vacuum cavity is higher, and gas density is larger, can be with using negative-pressure air fan
Extract more gases within the unit interval, and the pressure in vacuum cavity is when reaching certain value, the extraction of negative-pressure air fan
Efficiency is gradually reduced, until close to, equal to, less than the extraction efficiency of air pump, and passing through air pump can continue to negative pressure cavity
Body is vacuumized, until reaching predetermined negative pressure value, the pumpdown time to vacuum cavity can be shortened whereby.
Wherein, negative-pressure air fan can be turbofan.
Preferably, check valve is provided between negative-pressure air fan and the first interface of vacuum cavity, to prevent gas by negative pressure
Blower fan flows to vacuum cavity.
In the present embodiment, the negative port of negative pressure generation system is connected with pipeline, and safety valve and pressure are provided with pipeline
Sensor.Wherein, safety valve is closer to the 3rd interface.
In other embodiments, the negative port of negative pressure generation system can also be directly as the negative pressure of negative pressure generation system
Interface.
In other embodiments, the negative port of negative pressure generation system can also be not provided with safety valve and pressure sensor,
Or one of safety valve and pressure sensor are only set.
Its set location is not limited to above-described embodiment, and safety valve can avoid negative pressure too high, pressure sensor
The pressure or the external pressure of negative pressure generation system in vacuum cavity can be detected.
Preferably, negative pressure generation system also includes control centre, control centre is to the first air extractor and the second pumping dress
Put and control respectively, control to vacuumize the negative pressure P in efficiency and regulation vacuum cavity whereby, can as needed when predetermined
It is interior to reach predetermined negative pressure value, and the volume and noise of negative pressure generation system are easy to control.
Wherein, the power W1 of negative-pressure air fan can be more than, less than or equal to the power W2 of air pump.
Referring to Fig. 2, the negative pressure production method of first embodiment of the invention, it is using any of the above-described kind of negative pressure generation system
Negative pressure is produced, is specifically included：
First predetermined negative pressure P1 will be evacuated to the first air extractor in vacuum cavity；
Again predetermined negative pressure P2 will be evacuated to the second air extractor in vacuum cavity.
Whereby, the present invention can quickly produce predetermined negative pressure, and the volume of its equipment, power are controllable, adjustable, will not be because adjusting
Whole watt level and cause noise excessive.
Referring to Fig. 3, the negative pressure production method of second embodiment of the invention, it is using any of the above-described kind of negative pressure generation system
Negative pressure is produced, is specifically included：
First predetermined negative pressure P1 will be evacuated to the combination of the first air extractor and the second air extractor in vacuum cavity；
Again predetermined negative pressure P2 will be evacuated to the second air extractor in vacuum cavity.
Any of the above-described negative pressure production method of embodiment, wherein, preferably, being taken out by the first air extractor and second
The power of device of air is controlled respectively, controls to vacuumize the height of efficiency, and the negative pressure P in regulation vacuum cavity whereby with this, is made
It can in the given time reach predetermined negative pressure, and its power is controllable, adjustable, negative pressure value stabilization.
In order to be described further to negative pressure generation system of the invention, present invention also offers the negative pressure of one embodiment
Application of the generation system in lung ventilator, its negative port connection expiration expectoration module, as the negative pressure source of expiration expectoration module.
Referring to Fig. 4, the lung ventilator in the application example includes control system C, air-breathing module B and expiration expectoration modules A, its
In：
Control system C, including central control unit, human-computer interaction interface, and ancillary equipment driving, for entirely exhaling
The control of suction machine, wherein, the control centre of negative pressure generation system is also located in control system C；
Air-breathing module B, for producing malleation air-flow, for patient provides Breathing Suppotion, air-breathing module B is connected by inspiration limb
It is connected to patient；
Expiration expectoration modules A, for patient exhalation air and help patient's expectoration, its expectoration branch road passes through expiration branch road
It is connected to patient.
Wherein, air-breathing module B includes：The source of the gas or external air source interface of positive pressure air, and high pressure oxygen is produced to connect
Switch valve, the pressure limiting of limitation positive pressure range that mouth, mixed oxide structure and oxygen concentration testing agency, control inspiration limb are connected with patient
Valve (safety valve) B9, the oscillator B7 for making the interior generation air-flow vibration of inspiration limb, control air-breathing module B are connected with inspiration limb
Switch valve B6.
Specifically, air-breathing module B includes turbofan B1, for obtaining positive pressure air；Pressure maintaining valve B2, is input into for stabilization
High pressure oxygen pressure；Flow control valve B3, the flow for controlling oxygen and/or air；Flowmeter B4, needs for detecting
The oxygen and/or air mass flow size to be mixed；Hybrid chamber B5, for oxygen and air to be well mixed；Switch valve B6, control
The air-flow break-make of lung ventilator inspiration limb；Oscillator B7, vibration is produced for the air-flow in inspiration limb, and its frequency of oscillation can be with
It is set as 10~30Hz；Flowmeter B8, for determining the gas flow sucked during air-breathing, and can accordingly be calculated air-breathing moisture
Amount；Safety valve B9, automatically opens up when malleation is too high in gas circuit, prevents airline pressure too high, protects patient safety, for example can be with
Set safe pressure as 8KPa；Filter B 12, filtering enters the oxygen and air of lung ventilator；Baroceptor B10, for supervising
Survey the pressure of the air and oxygen that enter lung ventilator；Baroceptor B11, the pressure for monitoring oxygen and the mixed gas of air
Power.
Wherein, oscillator B7 could be arranged to be vibrated in expiratory phase, or the only vibration when holding one's breath, it is also possible to shake all the time
Swing or be closed all the time.
Wherein, expiration expectoration modules A includes negative pressure source, expectoration branch road, switching valve A8, pressure regulator valve A9 and expiration branch road.
Wherein, negative pressure source is the negative pressure generation system in foregoing any embodiment, and it includes turbofan A2, air pump
A3, vacuum cavity A1.
When using, turbofan A2 quickly will be extracted into certain negative pressure value in vacuum cavity A1, and then air pump A3 enters one
Pressure in vacuum cavity A1 is extracted into lower predetermined negative pressure by step.
Preferably, also including check valve A4, safety valve A5 and pressure sensor A6.
Wherein, expiration expectoration modules A includes turbofan A2, for producing low pressure and mass flow air-flow, for example, can produce big
In the flow of 150L/min；Air pump A3, for producing high negative, for example, can produce 200cmH2The negative pressure of O；Vacuum cavity
A1 prepares sufficiently large negative pressure and volume before expectoration starts, and such as its capacity can be 2~5L；Safety valve A5, for preventing
Vacuum cavity A1 negative pressure is too high, protects gas circuit safety, when the negative pressure in vacuum cavity A1 reaches certain threshold value, safety valve (limit
Pressure valve) A5 automatically opens up pressure release；Switching valve A8, for switching expectoration branch road, expiration branch road, switching valve A8 is closed during normal exhalation
Close, vacuum cavity A1 isolates with expiration branch road, switching valve A8 is opened during expectoration makes vacuum cavity A1 be connected with expiration branch road；Pressure regulation
Valve A9, in expectoration pattern, for controlling gas circuit vacuum magnitude, such as negative pressure adjustable range is -10~-150cmH2O, just
During normal expiratory mode, for adjusting end-expiratory positive pressure, such as malleation adjustable range is 0~80cmH2O；Oscillator A10, for making
Air-flow in air flue produces vibration, promotes the loosening of sputum, and such as frequency of oscillation can be 10~30Hz；Flowmeter A11, is used for
Determine the gas flow exhaled/discharge during expiration/expectoration；Baroceptor A12, for monitoring the pressure in expiration branch road；Pressure
Sensors A 6, for monitoring the pressure size in vacuum cavity A1；Check valve A4, it is allowed to which air-flow is from vacuum cavity A1 to turbine wind
Machine A2 one-way flows.
Wherein, when starting expectoration, turbofan A2 quickly will be extracted into certain negative pressure value in vacuum cavity A1, then air
Pressure in vacuum cavity A1 is further extracted into lower predetermined negative pressure by pump A3, and now check valve A4 is automatically switched off.Expectoration
Early stage in journey, the high negative pressure in vacuum cavity A1 sets up the cough air-flow of superhigh speed in expiration branch road, with patient expiration
Tidal volume increase, pressure in vacuum cavity A1 declines, and the expiratory airflow of patient also begins to decline.The later stage of cough process,
Pressure in vacuum cavity A1 drops to when below the swabbing pressure of turbofan A2, and check valve A4 is opened, and patient is in turbine wind
Remaining gas is quickly breathed out in the presence of machine A2.Then cough the incipient stage formed peak value flow velocity, later stage flow velocity under
Drop, pressure value also drops to relatively low negative pressure.Closer to the air-flow of normal cough, later stage less negative pressure pair from airflow waveform
Patient is also preferably protection, and the whole exhalation process of patient can all feel much smoother.Negative pressure pressure limiting valve A5 and sensors A 6
The negative pressure in vacuum cavity A1 can be ensured in below 20Kpa.
Wherein, when the switching valve A8 is closed, leakage will not be produced under the pressure of 20Kpa；The switching valve A8 is opened
When, under the flow of 300L/min, the pressure drop of formation is not over 1Kpa.
Wherein, positive/negative-pressure regulating valve A9 includes malleation and negative pressure regulatory function.Malleation in expiration branch road exceedes in malleation
During limit value, positive port is automatically opened up, and positive port is automatically switched off when malleation is less than malleation higher limit.When being negative in expiration branch road
During pressure, positive port is closed all the time.When negative pressure in expiration branch road exceedes negative pressure higher limit, negative port is automatically opened up, negative pressure
Negative port is automatically switched off during less than negative pressure higher limit.When in expiration branch road being malleation, negative port is closed all the time.
Wherein, oscillator A10 could be arranged to be vibrated in expiration phase, or be closed.
Wherein, lung ventilator is also synchronized with the movement module D, including respiratory muscle checking with EMG method submodule and respiratory muscle including respiratory muscle
Stimulate submodule.Respiratory muscle checking with EMG method submodule is used to monitor the electromyographic signal of respiratory muscle, can be as judging respiratory muscle flesh
Power and the man-machine synchronous reference signal of optimization.Be conducive to the improvement of ventilation quality, help the recovery of respiratory muscle, contribute to carry again
Rise the effect of expectoration.
Wherein, checking with EMG method includes the detection to diaphram myoelectricity.Diaphram checking with EMG method electrode is located at linea medioclavicularis and the 7th
8th intercostal crosspoint.
The evaluation method of patient's muscular strength is that autonomous gettering ability, dynamics of coughing of choking according to patient, diaphram electromyographic signal are strong
Degree, some levels are divided into by the autonomous respiration ability of patient.Lowest level is complete apnea, it is proposed that led to using control model
Gas；Highest level is can be with entirely autonomous breathing, it is proposed that using autonomous respiration ventilating mode or trial off line.
Wherein, respiratory muscle stimulates includes that diaphragm nerve stimulation and abdominal muscle stimulate.The stimulation sites of diaphragm nerve stimulation are two pleurobranch
At lock papillary muscle lower edge 1/3rd, or at napex phrenic nerve root；Abdominal muscle stimulating electrode is located at rectus aabdominis and/or musculus trasversus abdomins
Place.
When breathing process starts, the control system C control respiratory muscle module D that is synchronized with the movement produces muscle during air-breathing to move
Make, for example, make contraction of diaphragm；When exhalation process starts, the control system C control respiratory muscle module D that is synchronized with the movement produces expiration
When muscle movement, for example make contraction of abdominal muscle.
The respiratory muscle is synchronized with the movement in module D, the mode of diaphragm nerve stimulation, can be electro photoluminescence, or magnetic thorn
Swash.
Wherein, the parameter setting aspect of control system C, in addition to the parameter often having comprising existing lung ventilator, also including expectoration
When air-breathing tidal volume set, expectoration when pressure of inspiration(Pi) set, expectoration when expectoration negative pressure is set, inspiratory airflow vibration sets, exhales
Module D parameter settings that air-flow vibration is set, respiratory muscle is synchronized with the movement.Wherein expectoration when air-breathing tidal volume and pressure of inspiration(Pi) during expectoration
Tidal volume, pressure of inspiration(Pi) during with eupnea set mutually independent.
Parameter display aspect, in addition to conventional ventilator parameter shows, may also display the waveform of checking with EMG method and to patient
The scoring of respiratory muscle strength.
The lung ventilator of the application example can run as follows.
During eupnea, inspiratory phase switch valve B6 is opened, and air-breathing module B is passed through inspiration limb and patient UNICOM, to trouble
Person implements positive airway pressure, and switching valve A8 is closed, and the limitation of pressure regulator valve A9 malleations is set to the pressure of inspiration(Pi) upper limit.Oscillation module B7 according to
Setting value starts or closes vibration.Control system C is logical to patient according to the mode of operation and state modulator source of the gas and valve of setting
Gas, such as air-breathing tidal volume and pressure of inspiration(Pi), and the flow and pressure of positive airway pressure are detected by flow valve B4 and baroceptor B11
Power.Expiratory phase, switch valve B6 is closed, and the limitation of the malleation of pressure regulator valve A9 is set to end-expiratory positive pressure, patient by expiration branch road and
The positive pressure side of pressure regulator valve A9 is exhaled.In exhalation process, oscillator A10 starts or closes according to setting value.Control system C is according to setting
Fixed pattern and state modulator pressure regulator valve, and the flow and pressure of expiration branch road are detected by flowmeter A11 and baroceptor A12
Power.
During cough, inspiratory phase switch valve B6 is opened, and switching valve A8 is closed, and the limitation of pressure regulator valve A9 malleations is set to pressure of inspiration(Pi)
The upper limit, the negative pressure upper limit is set to negative pressure value during expectoration；Oscillation module B7 starts or closes vibration according to setting value.Control system C
According to the mode of operation and state modulator source of the gas and valve for setting to patient ventilation, during such as expectoration when air-breathing tidal volume, expectoration
Pressure of inspiration(Pi) is set, and the flow and pressure of positive airway pressure are detected by flowmeter B8 and baroceptor B11.Expiratory phase, opens
Close valve B6 to close, the negative pressure limitation of pressure regulator valve A9 is set to negative pressure value during expectoration.Switching valve A8 is quickly opened, and makes expiration branch gas circuit
It is suddenly exposed under the negative pressure of vacuum cavity A1, produces the cough air-flow of high speed.During cough, oscillator A10 is according to setting
Definite value starts or closes.Control system C according to the pattern and state modulator pressure regulator valve of setting, and by flowmeter A11 and air pressure
Sensors A 12 detects the flow and pressure of expiration branch road, when the tidal volume that expiration tidal volume is sucked close to patient is detected, or
Person's expiratory airflow closes switching valve A8 immediately when being less than a certain threshold value makes patient isolate with vacuum cavity A1.
In sum, the negative pressure expectoration function of the application example lung ventilator, can simulate the normal cough of people, solve clinic
The problem of patients with mechanical ventilation expectoration difficulties, and negative pressure generation system is mutually pind down due to overcoming flow in the prior art with negative pressure
Technical problem, can for its provide in time, the negative pressure of stabilization, can more preferable simulation people normal cough, Arterial blood gas
More preferably.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of negative pressure generation system, it is characterised in that it includes：
Vacuum cavity, it has first interface, second interface and the 3rd interface, wherein, first interface and second interface are to negative
The suction interface of pressure cavity pumping, the 3rd interface is directly or indirectly as the negative port of negative pressure generation system；
First air extractor, is evacuated, when its power is W1, in first interface by the first interface of vacuum cavity to vacuum cavity
The gas flow at place is L1, produces negative pressure P1；
Second air extractor, is evacuated, when its power is W2, in first interface by the second interface of vacuum cavity to vacuum cavity
The gas flow at place is L2, produces negative pressure P2,
Wherein, L1 is more than L2, and | P1 | is less than | P2 |.
2. negative pressure generation system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
W1 is more than, less than or equal to W2.
3. negative pressure generation system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
First air extractor is negative-pressure air fan.
4. negative pressure generation system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Second air extractor is air pump.
5. negative pressure generation system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Check valve is provided between first air extractor and the first interface of vacuum cavity, to prevent gas by the first air extractor
Flowed to vacuum cavity.
6. negative pressure generation system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The 3rd interface is closed on before the negative port of negative pressure generation system and is provided with safety valve.
7. negative pressure generation system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Pressure sensor is provided with the negative port of negative pressure generation system.
8. negative pressure generation system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Also include control centre, control centre controls the first air extractor and the second air extractor respectively.
9. a kind of negative pressure production method, it is characterised in that：
Using the negative pressure generation system any one of claim 1 to 8,
To be first evacuated in vacuum cavity with the first air extractor or first with the combination of the first air extractor and the second air extractor
Predetermined negative pressure P1；
Again predetermined negative pressure P2 will be evacuated to the second air extractor in vacuum cavity.
10. negative pressure production method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that：
Power to the first air extractor and the second air extractor is controlled respectively.
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| CN106730065B (en) | 2024-03-08 |
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