CN106710407A - Blood vessel model, manufacturing method thereof, and device for making blood vessel model - Google Patents
Blood vessel model, manufacturing method thereof, and device for making blood vessel model Download PDFInfo
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- CN106710407A CN106710407A CN201510460004.2A CN201510460004A CN106710407A CN 106710407 A CN106710407 A CN 106710407A CN 201510460004 A CN201510460004 A CN 201510460004A CN 106710407 A CN106710407 A CN 106710407A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a blood vessel model, a manufacturing method thereof, and a device for making the blood vessel model. The manufacturing method of the blood vessel model comprises a step of preparing an original blood vessel model, a step of coating the inner wall of the original blood vessel model with a hydrophilic solution, and a step of solidifying the hydrophilic solution to form the blood vessel model. When the blood vessel model is manufactured, since the inner wall of the original blood vessel model is coated with the hydrophilic solution, a smooth and flat hydrophilic coating layer is formed at an inner surface, thus when the inner surface of the blood vessel model and an apparatus are in contact, the friction between the inner surface of the blood vessel model and the apparatus can be reduced, and the damage of the apparatus is avoided. At the same time, since the hydrophilic coating layer has a hydrophilic characteristic, the hydrophilicity of the manufactured blood vessel model is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a blood vessel model, a manufacturing method thereof and equipment for manufacturing the blood vessel model.
Background
In the blood vessel treatment, the minimally invasive intervention treatment is widely applied clinically due to the advantages of small wound, repeatability and the like. However, the minimally invasive interventional therapy method has very high requirements on the clinical experience and the technical operation level of an operator, and the operator is required to be very familiar with the internal structure of a blood vessel, be capable of rapidly and accurately introducing a blood vessel of a human body and rapidly and accurately delivering an implantation instrument to a blood vessel pathological change part. Obviously, this capability has not been effectively provided to the operator by a still picture of the blood vessel.
At present, the operation training and the experiment of the more effective blood vessel micro-trauma interventional operation are mainly completed through a blood vessel model, and if the shape and the structure of the manufactured blood vessel model are different from those of the blood vessel of an actual patient, the risk of the operation is greatly improved, and even the life safety of the patient is possibly threatened.
Patent application publication No. CN103284765A discloses a method for making an aneurysm blood vessel model, which comprises: (1) creating a computer three-dimensional model of an aneurysm vessel; (2) manufacturing a first aneurysm blood vessel solid model according to the aneurysm blood vessel computer three-dimensional model; (3) according to the first solid model of the aneurysm blood vessel, a casting mould of the aneurysm blood vessel is manufactured; (4) according to the casting mould of the aneurysm blood vessel, a second solid model of the aneurysm blood vessel is manufactured; (5) and (4) manufacturing an aneurysm blood vessel model according to the second aneurysm blood vessel solid model. In addition, patent No. CN102027525B discloses a method for manufacturing a soft blood vessel model for surgery simulation, which can reproduce the shape of a tumor or stenosis occurring on an artery or vein by manufacturing a soft blood vessel model, and can perform training of blood vessel treatment and simulation before surgery using the soft blood vessel model; the method specifically comprises the following steps: in a precision build-up molding machine, a blood vessel model having an affected part is first built up with a soft polymer film and a support material, and then the support material is removed to obtain a soft blood vessel model.
However, the inventor found that the blood vessel prepared by the cast molding method of CN103284765A has a rough inner surface, and thus, when used in vitro simulation test, it cannot truly simulate the smooth inner surface of the blood vessel of human body. In the patent CN102027525, the three-dimensional hollow blood vessel model is manufactured by using an additive layer molding machine, which not only has low dimensional accuracy, but also the inside smoothness of the manufactured blood vessel model is poor. Therefore, there is a need to develop a blood vessel model and a method for making the same to improve the smoothness of the interior of the blood vessel model.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a blood vessel model, a manufacturing method thereof and equipment for manufacturing the blood vessel model, and aims to solve the problem that the smoothness of the inner wall of the blood vessel model manufactured in the prior art is poor.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention first provides a method for making a blood vessel model, comprising:
preparing an original blood vessel model;
coating hydrophilic solution on the inner wall of the original blood vessel model; and
solidifying the hydrophilic solution to form the blood vessel model.
Optionally, in the method for making a blood vessel model, the step of preparing an original blood vessel model includes:
creating a blood vessel computer three-dimensional model;
manufacturing a blood vessel mould according to the three-dimensional model of the blood vessel computer; and
and manufacturing an original blood vessel model according to the blood vessel mould.
Optionally, in the method for manufacturing a blood vessel model, the computer three-dimensional model of the blood vessel is created according to data obtained by scanning with an imaging device.
Optionally, in the method for manufacturing a blood vessel model, the imaging device is a CT device or an MRI device.
Optionally, in the method for manufacturing a blood vessel model, the blood vessel mold is manufactured by 3D printing.
Optionally, in the method for manufacturing a blood vessel model, in the step of manufacturing an original blood vessel model according to the blood vessel model, the original blood vessel model is manufactured by a casting mold.
Optionally, in the method for manufacturing a blood vessel model, in the step of manufacturing an original blood vessel model according to the blood vessel model, the original blood vessel model is manufactured by spraying.
Optionally, in the method for manufacturing a blood vessel model, the step of manufacturing the original blood vessel model by spraying includes:
spraying component materials on the outer wall of the blood vessel mould;
solidifying the component materials to form an original blood vessel model; and
removing the original blood vessel model from the blood vessel mold.
Optionally, in the method for manufacturing the blood vessel model, the component material is a single-component silicone gel.
Optionally, in the method for manufacturing the blood vessel model, the component material is two-component polyurethane or two-component silicone gel.
Optionally, in the method for manufacturing a blood vessel model, before applying the hydrophilic solution, the method further includes: preparing a hydrophilic solution with the mass percentage concentration of 8-15%.
Optionally, in the method for manufacturing the blood vessel model, the hydrophilic solution is a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution or a polyethylene glycol aqueous solution or a polyacrylic acid aqueous solution.
The invention further provides a blood vessel model which is manufactured by adopting the manufacturing method of the blood vessel model.
The invention further provides a device for manufacturing a blood vessel model, which is used for implementing the manufacturing method of the blood vessel model, and the device for manufacturing the blood vessel model comprises the following steps: the device comprises a workbench, a container and a conveying mechanism connected with the container; wherein the workbench is used for bearing an original blood vessel model;
the container is used for containing a hydrophilic solution;
the conveying mechanism is used for conveying the hydrophilic solution contained in the container to the inner wall of the original blood vessel model borne on the workbench.
Optionally, in the apparatus for manufacturing a blood vessel model, the transfer mechanism includes a pump and a circulation line, and the container, the pump and the original blood vessel model are connected in series through the circulation line to form a loop.
Optionally, the apparatus for manufacturing a blood vessel model further comprises a heat source or a light source, and the heat source or the light source is disposed near the worktable and is used for solidifying the hydrophilic solution.
Compared with the prior art, the blood vessel model, the manufacturing method thereof and the equipment for manufacturing the blood vessel model provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
1. when the blood vessel model is manufactured, the inner wall of the original blood vessel model is coated with the hydrophilic material, so that the blood vessel model with the inner surface provided with the hydrophilic coating can be obtained, and after the hydrophilic solution is coated on the inner wall of the blood vessel model, the inner surface can form a smooth and flat hydrophilic coating, so that when the inner surface of the blood vessel model is contacted with an instrument, the friction between the inner surface of the blood vessel model and the instrument can be reduced, the instrument is prevented from being damaged, the smoothness of the inner surface of the blood vessel model is improved, and the inner surface of the blood vessel model is in accordance with the smooth state of the inner surface of a real blood vessel; meanwhile, the hydrophilic coating has the hydrophilic characteristic, so that the manufactured blood vessel model has good hydrophilicity;
2. the equipment for manufacturing the blood vessel model only adopts the workbench, the container and the pump connected with the container to realize the manufacture of the hydrophilic coating, and has simple structure and low manufacturing cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of making a blood vessel model according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of preparing an original blood vessel model according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a first embodiment of the present invention for manufacturing an original blood vessel model according to a blood vessel mold;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for making a blood vessel model according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, advantages and features of the present invention clearer, the following will explain the blood vessel model, the method for making the same and the device for making the blood vessel model in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 4. It is to be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are not to precise scale, which is merely for the purpose of facilitating and distinctly claiming the embodiments of the present invention.
[ EXAMPLES one ]
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method for making a blood vessel model according to this embodiment. As shown in fig. 1, the preparation of the blood vessel model of the present embodiment includes:
step S1: preparing an original blood vessel model;
step S2: coating hydrophilic solution on the inner wall of the original blood vessel model; and
step S3: solidifying the hydrophilic solution to form the blood vessel model.
After the hydrophilic solution is coated on the inner wall of the blood vessel model, a smooth and flat hydrophilic coating can be formed on the inner surface, so that when the inner surface of the blood vessel model is contacted with an instrument, particularly when the instrument containing the hydrophilic coating is contacted, the friction between the inner surface of the blood vessel model and the instrument can be reduced, the instrument can be prevented from being damaged, the smoothness of the inner surface of the blood vessel model is improved, the shape of the inner surface of the blood vessel model is improved, and the inner surface of the blood vessel model conforms to the smooth state of the inner surface of a real blood vessel.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the preparation of the original blood vessel model. As shown in fig. 2, the step of preparing the original blood vessel model includes:
step S11: creating a blood vessel computer three-dimensional model;
step S12: manufacturing a blood vessel mould according to the three-dimensional model of the blood vessel computer; and
step S13: and manufacturing an original blood vessel model according to the blood vessel mould.
In step S11, a computerized three-dimensional model of the blood vessel is created based on the data obtained by the scanning of the imaging device. The imaging device is CT equipment or MRI equipment. The data scanned and acquired by the imaging device is further imported into computer software (such as Solidworks, UG, Catia and the like) to generate a blood vessel computer three-dimensional model.
In step S12, a blood vessel mold is preferably produced by 3D printing. The blood vessel mould can be a blood vessel solid mould or a blood vessel hollow mould. The 3D printing technology is particularly suitable for manufacturing a blood vessel mould with a complex shape, and the blood vessel mould can be ensured to conform to the blood vessel structure with the complex shape.
In step S13, the original blood vessel model may be made by a cast molding method. Specifically, if a raw blood vessel model is made by a casting method, it is necessary to provide a casting mold conforming to the true state of the blood vessel, and the raw blood vessel model is prepared by the casting mold, for example, the blood vessel mold is first fixed in a casting mold box, then a solution containing a casting mold material is poured into the casting mold box, then the solution containing the casting mold material is cooled to form a solid casting mold, and finally the obtained casting mold is taken out of the casting mold box, and the casting mold is cut to take out the blood vessel mold from the casting mold. However, the use of a casting mold to produce a vascular model having a complicated shape results in a complicated mold structure and high production cost.
Preferably, in step S13, the original blood vessel model is made by a spraying method. Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of the spraying process for making the original blood vessel model, and as shown in fig. 3, the step of making the original blood vessel model by spraying includes:
step S131: spraying component materials on the outer wall of the blood vessel mould;
step S132: solidifying the component materials to form an original blood vessel model; and
step S133: removing the original blood vessel model from the blood vessel mold.
The spraying process can prepare the workpiece with a complex shape and effectively control the spraying size of the workpiece, so that the blood vessel model with a complex shape and high size precision can be obtained by spraying the component materials on the outer wall of the blood vessel mould.
Specifically, in step S131, the component material is sprayed on the outer wall of the blood vessel mold by the spraying device. The spraying equipment preferably comprises a manipulator, and the manipulator has a plurality of degrees of freedom and can complete linear and curvilinear motion in space so as to effectively ensure the manufacturing precision of the original blood vessel model.
In this embodiment, the component material is selected from one of a single component material and a two-component material. The component material is preferably a liquid curable polymer or a polymer dissolved in a volatile solvent. More preferably, the single-component material is single-component silicone gel, and the two-component material is two-component polyurethane or two-component silicone gel. However, the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the preferred component materials, which can be selected accordingly according to the actual needs.
In step S132, the component material may be cured by natural or artificial curing. When the component material is cured, a corresponding curing mode is preferably selected according to the type of the component material, and particularly, when the component material is a single-component material, manual curing is preferably selected; when the component materials are two-component materials, the curing agent (namely the cross-linking agent) in the two-component materials can accelerate the film forming speed of the coating, so that natural curing can be selected. The natural curing is mainly natural light curing, and the artificial curing can comprise ultraviolet light curing and the like. However, the manual curing is adopted, so that the curing temperature is favorably controlled, the curing efficiency is improved, and the curing quality is ensured.
In this embodiment, after the curing of the component material to obtain the cured original blood vessel model, the method further includes removing the blood vessel model from the solid (or hollow) blood vessel mold, so that the blood vessel model is independent of the solid (or hollow) blood vessel mold.
Of course, before coating the hydrophilic solution on the inner wall of the original blood vessel model, it is also necessary to prepare a hydrophilic solution, the solute of which is a water-soluble polymer, and the solvent of which is water. Optionally, the hydrophilic solution is a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, a polyethylene glycol aqueous solution or a polyacrylic acid aqueous solution.
In a better scheme, the mass percentage concentration of the hydrophilic solution is 8-15%, and the hydrophilic adsorption effect is good.
In addition, the embodiment also provides the blood vessel model manufactured by the manufacturing method of the blood vessel model provided by the embodiment, the inner wall of the blood vessel model is smooth and conforms to the smooth state of the inner surface of a real blood vessel, and the hydrophilic coating has hydrophilicity, so that the manufactured blood vessel model has good hydrophilicity and is particularly suitable for in-vitro simulation of medical instruments containing the hydrophilic coating.
[ example two ]
The present embodiment provides an apparatus for manufacturing a blood vessel model, which is used to implement the method for manufacturing a blood vessel model provided in the first embodiment, and is specifically shown in fig. 4. Fig. 4 is a schematic view of an apparatus for making a blood vessel model.
As shown in fig. 4, the apparatus for manufacturing a blood vessel model comprises a workbench 1, a container 2 and a conveying mechanism, wherein the workbench 1 is used for carrying a primitive blood vessel model 3, the container 2 is used for containing a hydrophilic solution, and the conveying mechanism is used for conveying the hydrophilic solution contained in the container 2 to the interior of the primitive blood vessel model 3 carried on the workbench 1. Further, the hydrophilic solution entering the inside of the original blood vessel model 3 adheres to the inner wall of the original blood vessel model 3, and is further cured to form a hydrophilic coating, thereby obtaining a blood vessel model with the hydrophilic coating adhered to the inner wall.
In particular, the container 2 can also contain a crosslinking solution; or, a container 2 is further provided for containing the crosslinking solution, and the present invention is not limited in this respect, and may be selected accordingly according to actual needs. And the conveying mechanism can convey the crosslinking solution contained in the container 2 to the interior of the original blood vessel model 3, so that the crosslinking solution and the hydrophilic solution adhered to the inner wall before carry out crosslinking curing reaction, and the hydrophilic coating after crosslinking curing is prepared, and then the blood vessel model is prepared.
In this embodiment, the conveying mechanism includes a circulation pipeline 4 and a pump 5 disposed on the circulation pipeline 4, and during spraying, the original blood vessel model 3 is fixedly disposed on the worktable 1, and then the original blood vessel model 3 is connected in series with the pump 5 and the container 2 through the circulation pipeline 4 to form a circulation loop. By "circulation loop" is meant: the hydrophilic solution contained in the container 2 can be continuously introduced into the interior of the original vascular model 3 and returned to the container 2 by the pump 5.
In addition, two valves 6 are disposed on the circulation pipeline 4, and the two valves 6 are disposed at the inlet and the outlet of the container 2, respectively, for switching on and off the circulation pipeline to control the circulation of the solution. Optionally, both valves 6 are stop valves.
With continued reference to fig. 4, the operation process of the apparatus for making a blood vessel model according to the present embodiment is as follows:
1) starting the pump 5 and simultaneously switching on the valve 6 to enable the hydrophilic solution contained in the container 2 to flow into the original blood vessel model 3 through the circulating pipeline 4 under the action of the pump 5;
2) controlling a circulation on time (about 20 minutes) of the pump 5 to allow the hydrophilic solution to continuously flow into the interior of the original blood vessel phantom 3, thereby allowing the hydrophilic solution to be sufficiently in contact with and adhered to the inner wall of the original blood vessel phantom 3;
3) closing the pump 5, cutting off the valve 6, and solidifying the hydrophilic solution adhered on the inner wall of the original blood vessel model 3 to obtain a hydrophilic coating, thereby forming the blood vessel model; here, the hydrophilic solution may be naturally cured or artificially cured by heating with a heat source 7 (or a light source), wherein the heat source 7 (or the light source) is disposed near the stage 1;
4) the vascular model is removed from the circulation line 4.
Compared with the prior art, the blood vessel model, the manufacturing method thereof and the equipment for manufacturing the blood vessel model provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
firstly, when the blood vessel model is manufactured, the blood vessel model with the inner surface containing the hydrophilic coating can be obtained by coating the hydrophilic material on the inner wall of the original blood vessel model, and after the solution is coated on the inner wall of the blood vessel model, a smooth and flat hydrophilic coating can be formed on the inner surface, so that when the inner surface of the blood vessel model is contacted with an instrument, the friction between the inner surface of the blood vessel model and the instrument can be reduced, the instrument is prevented from being damaged, the smoothness of the inner surface of the blood vessel model is improved, and the inner surface of the blood vessel model is in accordance with the smooth state of the inner surface of a real blood vessel. Meanwhile, the hydrophilic coating has hydrophilic property, so that the manufactured blood vessel model has good hydrophilicity.
Secondly, the equipment for manufacturing the blood vessel model only adopts the workbench, the container and the pump connected with the container to realize the manufacture of the hydrophilic coating, and has simple structure and low manufacturing cost.
The above description is only for the purpose of describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any variations and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the above disclosure are within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (16)
1. A method of making a vascular model, comprising:
preparing an original blood vessel model;
coating hydrophilic solution on the inner wall of the original blood vessel model; and
solidifying the hydrophilic solution to form the blood vessel model.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of preparing the original blood vessel model comprises:
creating a blood vessel computer three-dimensional model;
manufacturing a blood vessel mould according to the three-dimensional model of the blood vessel computer; and
and manufacturing an original blood vessel model according to the blood vessel mould.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the computerized three-dimensional model of the blood vessel is created based on data obtained from a scan by an imaging device.
4. The method for manufacturing a blood vessel model according to claim 3, wherein the imaging device is a CT device or an MRI device.
5. The method of manufacturing a blood vessel model according to claim 2, wherein the blood vessel mold is manufactured by 3D printing.
6. The method for producing a blood vessel model according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein in the step of producing a raw blood vessel model from the blood vessel model, the raw blood vessel model is produced by casting.
7. The method for producing a blood vessel model according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein in the step of producing an original blood vessel model from the blood vessel mold, the original blood vessel model is produced by spraying.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of spraying the original blood vessel model comprises:
spraying component materials on the outer wall of the blood vessel mould;
solidifying the component materials to form an original blood vessel model; and
removing the original blood vessel model from the blood vessel mold.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the component material is a single component silicone gel.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein the component material is a two-component polyurethane or a two-component silicone gel.
11. The method of claim 1, further comprising, prior to applying the hydrophilic solution: preparing a hydrophilic solution with the mass percentage concentration of 8-15%.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the hydrophilic solution is an aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, or polyacrylic acid.
13. A blood vessel model produced by the method for producing a blood vessel model according to any one of claims 1 to 12.
14. An apparatus for producing a blood vessel model for carrying out the method for producing a blood vessel model according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the apparatus for producing a blood vessel model comprises: the device comprises a workbench, a container and a conveying mechanism connected with the container; wherein,
the workbench is used for bearing an original blood vessel model;
the container is used for containing a hydrophilic solution;
the conveying mechanism is used for conveying the hydrophilic solution contained in the container to the interior of the original blood vessel model borne on the workbench.
15. The apparatus for constructing a vascular model as set forth in claim 14, wherein the transfer mechanism includes a pump and a circulation line through which the vessel, the pump and the original vascular model are connected in series to form a loop.
16. The apparatus for making a vascular model as defined in claim 14 or 15, further comprising a heat source or a light source disposed adjacent to the stage for solidifying the hydrophilic solution.
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| CN201510460004.2A CN106710407A (en) | 2015-07-30 | 2015-07-30 | Blood vessel model, manufacturing method thereof, and device for making blood vessel model |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109859595A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-06-07 | 深圳大学 | A kind of blood vessel network ultrasound imitates body and production method |
| CN110587883A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-12-20 | 宁波安影医疗科技有限公司 | Manufacturing process of silica gel blood vessel model |
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