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CN106703808A - Method for increasing end top coal recovery rate by means of thick coal seam fully-mechanized caving face mining roadway drilling presplitting - Google Patents

Method for increasing end top coal recovery rate by means of thick coal seam fully-mechanized caving face mining roadway drilling presplitting Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106703808A
CN106703808A CN201610523484.7A CN201610523484A CN106703808A CN 106703808 A CN106703808 A CN 106703808A CN 201610523484 A CN201610523484 A CN 201610523484A CN 106703808 A CN106703808 A CN 106703808A
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China
Prior art keywords
coal
drilling
thick
working face
mechanized caving
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CN201610523484.7A
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Inventor
王方田
赵宾
张村
梁宁宁
白庆升
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
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Priority to CN201610523484.7A priority Critical patent/CN106703808A/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
    • E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
    • E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C37/00—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading
    • E21C37/06—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole
    • E21C37/12—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole by injecting into the borehole a liquid, either initially at high pressure or subsequently subjected to high pressure, e.g. by pulses, by explosive cartridges acting on the liquid
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C37/00—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading
    • E21C37/06—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole
    • E21C37/14—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole by compressed air; by gas blast; by gasifying liquids

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)

Abstract

一种厚煤层综放工作面回采巷道钻孔预裂提高端部顶煤放出率的方法，用于厚煤层特别是厚硬或含硬夹矸厚煤层综放开采提高煤炭采出率。主要特征是：确定端部难放出顶煤范围，在回采巷道超前工作面一定距离进行预裂钻孔参数合理设计，采用水压致裂或CO2爆破等技术进行顶煤有效预裂，实现顶煤的松动破裂以便顺利放出。该方法同时有利于减小瓦斯涌出量、避免采空区大量遗煤自燃等隐患，具有工艺简单、设备投资少、操作安全、效果明显等优点，特别适合于坚硬含夹矸厚煤层综放工作面安全高效高回收率开采。

The invention discloses a method for pre-cracking the mining roadway drilling of a thick coal seam fully mechanized caving face to increase the discharge rate of top coal at the end, which is used for fully mechanized caving mining of thick coal seams, especially thick hard or thick coal seams containing gangue, to increase the coal recovery rate. The main features are: determine the range of the top coal that is difficult to release at the end, reasonably design the pre-splitting drilling parameters at a certain distance ahead of the working face of the mining roadway, and use technologies such as hydraulic fracturing or CO2 blasting to perform effective pre-splitting of the top coal and realize the top coal. The loosening and cracking of coal for smooth release. At the same time, this method is beneficial to reduce the amount of gas emission and avoid hidden dangers such as spontaneous combustion of a large amount of residual coal in goafs. It has the advantages of simple process, low equipment investment, safe operation, and obvious effect. It is especially suitable for fully mechanized caving in hard thick coal seams containing gangue The working face is mined safely, efficiently and with high recovery rate.

Description

The method that the drilling presplitting of high seam comprehensive coal face stope drift active workings improves end top coals' recovery ratio
Technical field
The present invention relates to the side that a kind of drilling presplitting of high seam Mining Roadway in Full-mechanized Caving Mining Face improves end top coals' recovery ratio Method, is particularly suited for the safe and efficient high-recovery exploitation of the thickness hard coal seam fully mechanized coal face containing dirt band.
Background technology
Longwall top coal caving can realize full thickness produce coal, parallel operations, production practice is simple, personnel equipment is few, in China's high seam And widely used in super high seam.But the coal seam recovery ratio of longwall top coal caving is relatively low, constrains its and larger range of promote the use of. Field observation shows, top coal of the fully mechanized coal face end in the range of 10~30m of tunnel, due to small by ore deposit pressure function influence, with And roadway roof coal and termination do not put the influence of coal, cause its destructiveness low, particularly in top coal intensity greatly or containing hard dirt band bar Under part, top coal rupture is insufficient to be just difficult to release, and causes working face top coals' recovery ratio only 45~60%.And, the top coal being not bled off It is lost in goaf, causes gas emission to increase, the hidden danger such as heterogeneous goaf is unfavorable for the safe and efficient height of fully mechanized coal face Recovery ratio is produced.Therefore, the more highly important exactly reinforcement top coal of raising working face recovery ratio emits and puts research, particularly end Top coal caving characteristics, improve end top coals' recovery ratio, and coal losses is put to reduce.The present invention is to carry that a kind of high seam of arch is comprehensive to put work The method that stope drift active workings drilling presplitting in face improves end top coals' recovery ratio, can effectively solve end Top coal caving characteristic it is poor, time The low problem of yield, with important theory significance and practical value.
The content of the invention
Technical problem：Increase crushing voerhead coal it is an object of the invention to provide the drilling presplitting of high seam longwall top coal caving stope drift active workings The method of degree and top coals' recovery ratio, can effectively improve end Top coal caving characteristic, increase end top coal with this recovery method The rate of recovery, it is ensured that working face safety and high efficiency, is particularly suitable for the safe and efficient high-recovery exploitation of the thickness hard coal seam containing dirt band.
Technical scheme embodiment is comprised the following steps：
When a, high seam longwall top coal caving, working face top top coal can form the arc triangle top coal of more difficult releasing near end （8）, region top coal scope is b, 5~30m of value；
At a, general value 15m arranges drill site in working face wall side for b, high seam fully mechanized coal face front（2）, and Rig is installed in drill site（7）And auxiliary equipment；
C, in stope drift active workings（9）The drill site of arrangement（2）It is interior, the inclined drill of upper, middle and lower three is got out respectively to top coal using rig （1）, three drillings are respectively α, β, γ with the angle of horizontal direction, and experience value is 20 °, 40 °, 60 °, length be respectively 15m, 25m, 20m, while ensureing three drillings in same vertical plane, by the use of clear water as scouring media in boring procedure；
D, drill site（2）Interior drilling（1）After the completion of being drilled with, using hydrofracturing or CO2Blasting technique carries out presplitting to top coal, in advance After the completion of splitting, carry out pushing up coal releasing work；
E, as high seam fully mechanized coal face is in flitting（3）Coal, front and rear drag conveyor are put in coal cutting（4）（5）Fortune coal, liquid Pressure support（6）Under three operation synergies of supporting roof are constantly advanced, along advance of the face direction away from working face 15~20m cloth Next drill site is put, repeat step c, d completes top coal presplitting releasing work.
Beneficial effect：The present invention combines thickness firmly or the actual conditions containing hard dirt band thick coal-layer mining, and first advance 15~ Drill site is arranged in stope drift active workings rib side in the range of 20m, carries out pushing up coal presplitting by setting drilling to top coal borer in drill site.Pass through Stope drift active workings drilling presplitting, on the one hand can overcome fully mechanized coal face end top coal to emit and put the low technical barrier of difficult, coal caving ratio, Formed and be adapted to thickness firmly or containing hard dirt band high seam top coal fracturing technology and the reasonable drawing coal technology of working face, significantly improve working face top Coal coal caving ratio；On the other hand also improve the production efficiency of working face, can alleviate goaf lose coal breakage charcoal gas emission and The pressure that spontaneous combustion brings to working face safe working, brings huge economic benefit.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the present invention perpendicular to advance of the face direction A-A profiles；
Fig. 2 is fully mechanized coal face of the invention and drill site arrangement top view；
In figure：1- pre-splitting holes, 2- drill sites, 3- flittings, 4- front scrapping plate conveyers, drag conveyor after 5-, 6- hydraulic pressure Support, 7- rigs, 8- arc gable-top coals, 9- stope drift active workings, a- drill sites away from working face distance, b- terminations arc gable-top coal scope, The inclination angle of α, β, γ-drilling.
Specific embodiment
Implementation of the invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
The method that high seam Mining Roadway in Full-mechanized Caving Mining Face drilling fracturing of the invention improves end top coals' recovery ratio, specific steps It is as follows：
When a, high seam longwall top coal caving, working face top top coal can form the arc triangle top coal of more difficult releasing near end （8）, region top coal scope is b, 5~30m of value；
At a, general value 15m arranges drill site in working face wall side for b, high seam fully mechanized coal face front（2）, and Rig is installed in drill site（7）And auxiliary equipment；
C, in stope drift active workings（9）The drill site of arrangement（2）It is interior, the inclined drill of upper, middle and lower three is got out respectively to top coal using rig （1）, three drillings are respectively α, β, γ with the angle of horizontal direction, and experience value is 20 °, 40 °, 60 °, length be respectively 15m, 25m, 20m, while ensureing three drillings in same vertical plane, by the use of clear water as scouring media in boring procedure；
D, drill site（2）Interior drilling（1）After the completion of being drilled with, using hydrofracturing or CO2Blasting technique carries out presplitting to top coal, in advance After the completion of splitting, carry out pushing up coal releasing work；
E, as high seam fully mechanized coal face is in flitting（3）Coal, front and rear drag conveyor are put in coal cutting（4）（5）Fortune coal, liquid Pressure support（6）Under three operation synergies of supporting roof are constantly advanced, along advance of the face direction away from working face 15~20m cloth Next drill site is put, repeat step c, d completes top coal presplitting releasing work.

Claims (1)

1.一种厚煤层综放开采提高端部顶煤破碎度同时提高顶煤放出率的方法，其特征在于采用顶煤预裂技术使得端头顶煤产生大量裂隙以增加顶煤破碎度提高顶煤放出率，包括如下步骤：1. A method for increasing top-coal fragmentation at the top coal in fully mechanized caving mining of thick coal seams while increasing the top-coal discharge rate, characterized in that the top-coal pre-splitting technology is used to generate a large number of cracks in the top-coal to increase the top-coal fragmentation and improve the top-coal release rate, including the following steps: a、厚煤层综放开采时，工作面上方顶煤靠近端头处会形成较难放出的弧形三角顶煤（8），该区域顶煤范围为b，取值5～30m；a. When fully mechanized caving mining in thick coal seams, an arc-shaped triangular top coal (8) that is difficult to discharge will be formed near the top coal above the working face. The range of top coal in this area is b, and the value is 5 to 30m; b、厚煤层综放工作面前方距离a处，一般取值15m，在工作面煤壁一侧布置钻场（2），并在钻场内安设钻机（7）及辅助设备；b. At the distance a in front of the fully mechanized caving working face in thick coal seams, generally 15m, the drilling site (2) is arranged on the side of the coal wall of the working face, and the drilling machine (7) and auxiliary equipment are installed in the drilling site; c、在回采巷道（9）布置的钻场（2）内，利用钻机向顶煤分别钻出上、中、下三个倾斜钻孔（1），三个钻孔与水平方向的夹角分别为α、β、γ，经验取值为20°、40°、60°，长度分别为15m、25m、20m，同时保证三个钻孔在同一竖直面内，钻孔过程中利用清水作为冲洗介质；c. In the drilling field (2) arranged in the mining roadway (9), use the drilling rig to drill the upper, middle and lower three inclined boreholes (1) to the top coal respectively, and the angles between the three boreholes and the horizontal direction are respectively α, β, γ, the empirical values are 20°, 40°, 60°, and the lengths are 15m, 25m, 20m respectively. At the same time, ensure that the three drilling holes are in the same vertical plane. Clean water is used as flushing during the drilling process. medium; d、钻场（2）内的钻孔（1）钻设完成后，利用水压致裂或CO2爆破技术对顶煤进行预裂，预裂完成后，进行顶煤放出工作；d. After the drilling of the borehole (1) in the drilling site (2) is completed, the top coal is pre-splitting using hydraulic fracturing or CO2 blasting technology, and the top coal is released after the pre-splitting is completed; e、随着厚煤层综放工作面在滚筒采煤机（3）割煤放煤、前后刮板输送机（4）（5）运煤、液压支架（6）支护顶板三个工序协同作用不断推进下，沿工作面推进方向距工作面15～20m布置下一个钻场，重复步骤c、d，完成顶煤预裂放出工作。e. With the thick coal seam fully mechanized caving working face, the three processes of drum shearer (3) coal cutting and coal discharge, front and rear scraper conveyor (4) (5) coal transportation, and hydraulic support (6) supporting the roof are synergistic With continuous advancement, arrange the next drilling site 15-20m away from the working face along the advancing direction of the working face, and repeat steps c and d to complete the top-coal pre-splitting work.
CN201610523484.7A 2016-07-06 2016-07-06 Method for increasing end top coal recovery rate by means of thick coal seam fully-mechanized caving face mining roadway drilling presplitting Pending CN106703808A (en)

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CN108442929A (en) * 2018-03-21 2018-08-24 中国矿业大学(北京) Wrong formula longwall top coal caving is along top arrangement drilling presplitting top coal outside high seam staggered floor position
CN109026001A (en) * 2018-09-25 2018-12-18 中国矿业大学 A kind of drawing coal technology and parameter regulation means and device improving top coals' recovery ratio
CN112253116A (en) * 2020-10-27 2021-01-22 山西三元煤业股份有限公司 Method for caving coal at end of lagging working face
CN112302654A (en) * 2020-10-12 2021-02-02 天地科技股份有限公司 Method for determining actual measurement of rapid coal caving parameters of ultra-thick coal seam
CN112709575A (en) * 2019-10-24 2021-04-27 西安闪光能源科技有限公司 Hard thick coal seam top coal caving method based on controllable shock wave pre-splitting
CN112983422A (en) * 2021-03-17 2021-06-18 西安科技大学 Ore drawing mining method for inclined layered solid deposit
CN115012934A (en) * 2022-05-31 2022-09-06 晋能控股煤业集团有限公司 Pre-splitting method for coal jacking at end of fully mechanized caving face

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108442929A (en) * 2018-03-21 2018-08-24 中国矿业大学(北京) Wrong formula longwall top coal caving is along top arrangement drilling presplitting top coal outside high seam staggered floor position
CN109026001A (en) * 2018-09-25 2018-12-18 中国矿业大学 A kind of drawing coal technology and parameter regulation means and device improving top coals' recovery ratio
CN109026001B (en) * 2018-09-25 2024-01-23 中国矿业大学 Coal caving process for improving top coal caving rate and parameter adjusting method and device
CN112709575A (en) * 2019-10-24 2021-04-27 西安闪光能源科技有限公司 Hard thick coal seam top coal caving method based on controllable shock wave pre-splitting
CN112302654A (en) * 2020-10-12 2021-02-02 天地科技股份有限公司 Method for determining actual measurement of rapid coal caving parameters of ultra-thick coal seam
CN112253116A (en) * 2020-10-27 2021-01-22 山西三元煤业股份有限公司 Method for caving coal at end of lagging working face
CN112253116B (en) * 2020-10-27 2022-05-31 山西三元煤业股份有限公司 Method for caving coal at end of lagging working face
CN112983422A (en) * 2021-03-17 2021-06-18 西安科技大学 Ore drawing mining method for inclined layered solid deposit
CN115012934A (en) * 2022-05-31 2022-09-06 晋能控股煤业集团有限公司 Pre-splitting method for coal jacking at end of fully mechanized caving face

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