CN106647099B - A kind of high-precision light phase quantization method based on more optical interference - Google Patents
A kind of high-precision light phase quantization method based on more optical interference Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses one kind in all-optical signal processing, the more optical interference phase quantization methods of high-precision based on Phase sensitive amplification, on the basis of existing one particular phases harmonic wave of selection and signal light are interfered, the quantized result of low-order harmonic is improved and corrected by introducing one or more more high order particular harmonics；Simultaneously separated implementation is generated and is superimposed by interference light wave accurately to control the power ratio between interference light wave.The inventive belt comes more accurate phase quantization result, more convenient power ratio control, while can be applied to the regeneration of phase modulated signal, realizes the target of high-precision metrization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fields of communication technology, more particularly to one kind, and high-precision phase position amount is realized during optical signal prosessing
The method of change.This method is mainly used for quantifying optical signal phase, and can should be in affected by noise and generate phase ambiguity
Phase-modulated signal regeneration, be a kind of method more particularly to all-optical signal processing that can obtain more precise phase quantized result
Field.
Background technique
With the continuous improvement of Social Informatization Level, what information content was also carried in explosive growth, optical communication system
Transmission pressure also increases with it, and is handled using the method for full light optical signal, can avoid photoelectricity and electro-optic conversion, meets high
The demand of speed processing signal.Nowadays, all-optical signal processing sampling, complex filter, in terms of have it is more
Research, the quantization with optical signal magnitude is also more concentrated in the research in terms of full optical analog to digital conversion (ADC), and is believed full light quantization light
Research in terms of the quantization of number phase is also lacking.Light phase quantifies the strong supplement as full optical analog to digital conversion (ADC), can
To make up the blank of phase quantization in existing full light quantization research.
Signal will receive the influence of noise in transmission process, for widely applied phase-modulation in current communication system
The phenomenon that format signal, noise can bring phase ambiguity, and then increase signal error rate；Meanwhile amplifier (such as put by Er-doped fiber
Big device) as essential device in optical communication system, ASE noise can be introduced, during amplified signal
Noise is also amplified together, more detrimental effect can be brought with regard to the signal of phase ambiguity to script.
In view of the above-mentioned problems, there is researcher to propose solution.RadanEt al. the study found that signal light
Each rank phase harmonic wave can be generated by four-wave mixing with heavy pumping light injection highly nonlinear optical fiber, it is wherein specific by selecting
The phase harmonic wave of order is interfered by new four-wave mixing process and signal, it can be achieved that phase quantization, but its quantized result
Precision need to be improved.There are certain influence, Radan to quantified precision due to participating in the power ratio between interference light waveEt al. have studied the optimal power of phase harmonic wave and harmonic wave and signal for quantifying to need when different order signals again
Than.Parmigiani F et al. is directed to during phase quantization, and the intensity of newly generated signal is not easy at original signal frequency
The problem of controlling, and then being unable to reach optimal phase quantization result in the two interference (solves how to realize most in practice
The problem of excellent power ratio), propose solution.The orthogonal signal ideler frequency group of degeneracy is generated using orthogonal pumping, then is passed through
Polarization Controller adjustment signal and ideler frequency bring it about interference, carry out phase quantization in the angle of X-Y plane.But this method
When realizing phase quantization, since signal moves the power that signal has been lost in certain angle in X-Y plane, so simultaneously
The Phase sensitive amplification for not realizing signal simultaneously, that is, sacrifice the ability of amplification to exchange more accurate phase quantization result for.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides one kind in all-optical signal processing, the method for signal high precision phase quantization, it is intended to solve existing
Quantized result accuracy present in light phase quantitative research result is high, the power ratio of higher hamonic wave and signal is not easy accurately to control
The problem of processed.New method brings more accurate quantized result, more convenient power ratio control, while can be applied to phase
The regeneration of position modulated signal.
The present invention provides a kind of more light waves for being based on Phase sensitive amplification (phase sensitive amplifier, PSA)
Interferometric phase quantization method, main thought are on the basis that existing one particular phases harmonic wave of selection and signal light are interfered
On, the quantized result of low-order harmonic is improved and corrected by introducing one or more more high order particular harmonics；Lead to simultaneously
Crossing interference light wave generates and is superimposed separated implementation accurately to control the power ratio interfered between light wave, to realize high quantization essence
The target of degree.It is former from Phase sensitive amplification principle, phase quantization result major influence factors, more optical interference phase quantizations below
Manage several introductions.
1) Phase sensitive amplification principle:
Monochromatic wave can be expressed as form shown in formula (1) in area of light:
It is interfered between two light waves on condition that frequency is identical, therefore double optical interference simplification is expressed as complex amplitude (i.e.
Light wave amplitude and phase) be added form, as shown in formula (2), wherein N be quantify order
Formula (2) is extended, the formula (3) of available more optical interference, wherein
For phase, change between 0-2 π, wherein n is the natural number since 0.
Realize phase quantization, basis is the condition for meeting Phase sensitive amplification.Phase sensitive amplification can divide in realization
For two steps: harmonic wave generates and coherent superposition.Harmonic wave generation is in nonlinear dielectric (such as highly nonlinear optical fiber, SOA, PPLN, silicon wave
Lead) in, it is generated using nonlinear effect (such as three wave mixing, four-wave mixing) humorous with the high order of input signal phase matched
Wave；Coherent superposition is to need to select particular harmonic according to quantization order, will meet phase-matching condition using nonlinear effect
Two waves be converted into identical frequency and interfere, realize phase quantization.
Traditional double optical interference phase quantizations, the light wave for participating in quantization are respectively signal light and have stationary phase with signal light
The harmonic wave of position relationship, if necessary to quantify N rank signal, it is necessary to the harmonic wave of N-1 rank and signal interference to be quantified.With in a fiber
For realizing Phase sensitive amplification, the first step needs to input heavy pumping and letter to be quantified simultaneously in highly nonlinear optical fiber input terminal
Number, cascade four-wave mixing effect can be generated in a fiber.As shown in Figure 1, according to the frequency relation of four-wave mixing process, first
Grade four-wave mixing is single pumping degeneration four-wave mixing process, generates harmonic wave H1' and H1, frequency relation is respectively ωH1'=2 ωs-
ωP,ωH1=2 ωP-ωSIf assuming, pumping P phase is 0, and signal S phase isThenSecond level four-wave mixing process needs the new frequency of first order process generation
Light wave is divided into two kinds of situations as input signal, can generate harmonic wave H2' and H2, one is degeneration four-wave mixing process, frequencies
Relationship is ωH2'=2 ωH1'-ωs, ωH2=2 ωH1-ωP, it is still assumed that pumping P phase is 0, and signal S phase isThenAnother kind is nondegenerate two-photon process, frequency relation ωH2'=ωH1'+
ωs-ωP, ωH2=ωH1+ωP-ωS, phase isSimilarly, it is pumping
Pu and signal power are sufficiently strong, and multistage four-wave mixing process can occur for when high non-nonlinear fiber coefficient is higher, generate
Higher hamonic wave, and more advanced four-wave mixing process is more not susceptible to, therefore the power of higher hamonic wave is gradually decreasing.Pass through cascade
Four-wave mixing process, can be humorous as the equally spaced generation high orders at different levels in interval with the difference on the frequency of signal to pump in the two sides of pump light
The phase of wave, these higher hamonic waves is incremented by according to multiple.If can not be generated by cascade four-wave mixing process and need order
Harmonic wave then can generate the higher hamonic wave by the four-wave mixing between several low-order harmonics.
Second step needs after obtaining higher hamonic wave, carries out coherent superposition according to quantization order selection particular harmonic.With
For signal carries out three rank quantizations, by RadanEt al. result of study know, need the phase to beSignal with to
Quantized signal coherent superposition, as shown in Fig. 2, select first the first step by cascade four-wave mixing generate phase forHarmonic wave
H1' at the identical frequency of signal S, generates new harmonic wave S', frequency relation by double pumping action nondegenerate two-photon process process
For ωP1+ωP2=ωS'+ωH1', it is assumed that the phase for pumping 2 is also 0, thenDue to newly-generated humorous
Coherent superposition can occur at the frequency, by amplitude normalization and use light vector for wave S' and signal wave S identical frequency and phase matched
Amount superposition is expressed asWherein the amount signal power ratio of p interference, traditional double optical interference are typically chosen
2) phase quantization result major influence factors:
The phase quantization characteristic of signal is mainly influenced by two aspects: first is that the phase relation of the signal of interference is participated in, second is that
Participate in the power ratio of the signal of interference.Phase relation determines quantization order, and as shown in Fig. 3 (a) planisphere, solid line is to input wait measure
Change signal, usesIndicate, phase changes between 0-2 π, dotted line be after the quantization of three rank of signal as a result, withIt indicates, final
Interventional procedures are expressed asWhereinFor -2 subharmonic, the value of a is 0.5.Fig. 3 (b)
It is phase shift curve, phase curve is the straight line of 45 degree of oblique upper rights before signal quantization；There is ladder in signal after quantization
The trend of shape, but compared with ideal ladder-like quantitation curve, near the phase (π/3, π ,-π/3) orthogonal with target phase, not
It is able to achieve effective quantization, the edge that " step " is shown as in phase shift curve not enough sharpens, and quantized result need to be mentioned
It is high.
The power ratio for participating in interference signal influences quantified precision.The knot of two signal interferences (i.e. two light vectors are overlapped)
Fruit is influenced to see Fig. 4, interventional procedures expression by power ratio are as follows:Wherein Fig. 4 (a) is wait measure
The signal constellation (in digital modulation) figure of change, phase change between 0-2 π, and amplitude is certain value；Fig. 4 (b) -4 (e) be two signal interferences after as a result, its
Middle power ratio a is respectively as follows: 0.25,0.5,0.75,1.The shaded area that curve surrounds in planisphere can characterize quantified precision
Just, preferably quantization shaded area should be 0.It can be seen that with the continuous increase of power ratio, quantized result occurs two
A variation: first is that the shaded area of horizontal line filling is gradually reduced, and it is 0 in a=1, that is, participates in two light vector width of superposition
Spend it is identical, at the time of contrary vector sum be 0.Second is that the dash area of grid filling is changed to 0.5 Shi Junwei from 0 in a
Occur, occurs simultaneously at three quantified goal phases (0,2 π/3, -2 π/3) when more than 0.5, and be changed to 1 from 0.5 in a
Area increases always in the process, and reaches maximum value in a=1, and the dash area of grid filling goes out to represent phase " excessive
Change " phenomenon.It can be found that with the increase of a, the hatched area of the hatched area and grid filling of horizontal line filling
Variation tendency is on the contrary, the two can not reach simultaneously minimum value.That is, regulation power ratio a anyway, can only obtain under this condition
Opposite optimal solution, and cannot achieve ideal phase quantization.
3) more optical interference phase quantization principles:
It is N rank by signal quantization, generally use-(N-1) subharmonic interferes, and in addition to this, (N+1) secondary phase harmonic wave
It can also realize the N rank quantization of signal.As shown in Fig. 5 (a), original signalPhase changes between 0-2 π, with 4 phase harmonic waves
After vector superposed shown in planisphere such as 5 (b), mathematic(al) representation isWherein a=0.2.It can see
It arrives, 4 times phase harmonic wave is interfered with signal, generate inside compression to the phase near π/3, π ,-π/3, p- 2 π/
3, the phase near 0,2 π/3 generates outside stretching action, the three ranks quantization of this is same real to a certain extent signal.Fig. 5
(c) it is shown signal and -5 phase harmonic interferences, mathematic(al) representation isWherein a=0.2, amount
There are 6 peak values in signal after change.
Generally speaking, the secondary phase harmonic wave of-(N-1) is with after signal interference the result is that the phase near target phase is outside
It stretches, the phase orthogonal with target phase is compressed inwards；(N+1) after secondary phase harmonic wave and signal interference the result is that by target
Phase near phase is inwardly compressed, and the phase orthogonal with target phase is extended to the outside.Using different order phase harmonic waves with
Different Results after signal interference, select multiple suitable harmonic waves and signal function, it can be realized more accurate quantized result.
By taking the quantization of three rank of signal as an example.It can be found that can by signal quantization be three ranks two harmonic waves: -2 subharmonic and
4 subharmonic, the quantization effect to signal is precisely complementary.Using 4 subharmonic repairing as -2 subharmonic and signal interference result
Just, phase can be solved " to cross and quantify " phenomenon and further the quadrature phase of target phase is inwardly compressed.Three optical interference, three rank
The mathematic(al) representation of quantization isWherein a, b < 0, to the quantized result realized,
Need to reasonably select the power ratio between three, the i.e. value of a, b.As shown in fig. 6, Fig. 6 (a), 6 (b), 6 (c) are respectively wait measure
Change signal, -2 subharmonic and signal with the interference of power ratio 0.7,4 subharmonic and signal with the interference of power ratio 0.2.Fig. 6 (d), 6
(e), 6 (f) be three light wave quantized results, and a, b value are respectively 0.7,0.08；0.7,0.12；0.7,0.18.Compare 6 (b), 6
(d), 6 (e), 6 (f) four figures can be found, as the value of b constantly increases, the area of the dash area of horizontal line filling is gradually contracting
Small, i.e. the quadrature component of target phase has obtained further compression.Part for crossing quantization cannot when the value of b is smaller
It is enough corrected completely, as shown in Fig. 6 (d)；When the value of b is larger, it may appear that overcorrection phenomenon makes it away from target phase
Position, as shown in Fig. 6 (f)；When b takes desired value, rectification effect is best, and target phase is nearby almost quantified as straight line.
Three wave interference phase quantizations are generalized to the interference of four waves or even more leggy harmonic wave, make higher hamonic wave as low order
The fine tuning of harmonic wave quantized result, rationally the power ratio between light wave is interfered in control, and the phase quantization of near ideal may be implemented.Such as figure
Shown in 7 (a), four light waves are interfered, mathematic(al) representation are as follows:
Wherein a=0.8, b=0.29, c=0.125.From in planisphere it can be seen that after the signal quantization that changes between 0-2 π of phase it is several
It is all compressed at three target phases, realizes the phase quantization of near ideal.Fig. 7 (b) is signal to be quantified, double light
Wave interference, three optical interference, four optical interference and ideal quantized phase shift curve.With the multi harmonics for participating in quantization
Increase, while rationally adjusting the power of each harmonic wave, phase shift curve becomes closer to ideal quantized curve.Circle in planisphere
That compresses at the heart is better, and transition of the phase shift curve between each quantization order is closer to jump function；Target phase in planisphere
Position is radially closer to straight line, and variation of the phase shift curve in the same quantification gradation is smaller, close to a level
Straight line.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 cascades four-wave mixing and generates harmonic wave schematic diagram
Fig. 2 four-wave mixing optical interference schematic diagram
The bis- three rank phase quantization planispheres of light wave of Fig. 3 and phase shift curve
The bis- three rank phase quantization different capacities of light wave of Fig. 4 are than planisphere and phase shift curve
Fig. 5 difference order phase harmonic interference result
The more optical interference unlike signal power ratio results of Fig. 6
Tetra- optical interference planisphere of Fig. 7 and phase shift curve
Tri- optical interference phase of Fig. 8, three rank quantizing structure schematic diagram
Tri- optical interference phase of Fig. 9, three rank quantized result planisphere
Tri- optical interference phase of Figure 10, three rank quantized result phase distribution histogram
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that described herein, specific examples are only used to explain the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.
Embodiment:
The present embodiment is dry to more light waves based on three optical interference phases, three rank quantization simulation architecture schematic diagram as shown in Figure 8
High-precision phase position quantization is related to be illustrated.
First part is higher hamonic wave generation.Signal and pump light 1 input together in high non-optical fiber 1, wherein pump light
Frequency is 193.1THz, power 100mw.The generation of signal light point is shown by the lower-left Fig. 8 signal generator, signal optical source and just
String wave is input in phase-modulator jointly, the transfer function of phase-modulator are as follows:Wherein EinIt (t) is the optical signal of input, frequency 193.13THz, power is
1mw；Data (t) is input electrical domain sine wave, amplitude 1, frequency 50M；For the phase offset inside phase-modulator,
It is set as 180 °.The signal that phase-modulator output phase changes between 0-2 π.The nonlinear factor of high non-optical fiber 1 is 13w-1/
Km, length 1km.The output of high non-optical fiber 1 is the higher hamonic wave that the cascade four-wave mixing being spacedly distributed generates, and is divided into pump
The difference on the frequency at Pu 1 and signal: 30GHz.
Second part is that signal is generated with frequency phase harmonic wave.Each time of frequency selective switch from cascade four-wave mixing generation is humorous
Two harmonic waves of needs are selected in waveWithAnd it is respectively fed to Shang Lu and lower road, upper and lower two line structure is identical, only participates in
The harmonic wave of reaction is different with frequency, the phase of pumping.To guarantee to realize phase quantization, two pumpings per the effect of participation all the way must
It must be phase coherence, i.e., the two needs fixed phase difference.Light comb is produced by phase-modulator, these different frequencies
Light wave between meet coherent relationships.Upper road selected phase isFrequency is the harmonic wave H1' of 193.16THz, is generated by light comb
The frequency of pumping 1,2 be respectively 193.1THz and 193.19THz.Three light waves are input to high non-2 (nonlinear system of optical fiber together
Number is 13w-1/ km, length 500m), double pumping action nondegenerate two-photon process occurs, the frequency relation occurred according to four-wave mixing
ωP1+ωP2=ωH1'+ωS1With signal identical frequency at generate phase beLight wave S1, then be by centre frequency
193.13THz bandpass filter filter out S1.Lower road selected phase isFrequency is the harmonic wave H4 of 192.98THz, by light comb
The frequency of the pumping 1,3 of generation is respectively 193.1THz and 193.01THz.It is (non-thread that three light waves are input to high non-optical fiber 3 together
Property coefficient is 13w-1/ km, length 500m), double pumping action nondegenerate two-photon process occurs, is closed according to the frequency that four-wave mixing occurs
It is ωP1+ωP3=ωH4+ωS2With signal identical frequency at generate phase beLight wave S2, then be by centre frequency
193.13THz bandpass filter filter out S2.
Part III is same frequency signal interference.Phase isOriginal signal after delayer, with filter export
Light wave S1, S2 meet and interfere in photo-coupler, since signal light S is different from the path passed through S1, S2 and device,
Certain deviation is had in phase matched, delayer can play the purpose of fine adjustment signal phase, realize accurate phase
Match.Pass through the signal that the signal exported after above three step is after three rank phase quantizations.
The simulation result of more optical interference phase quantizations is as shown in figure 9, Fig. 9 (a) is the original signal star to be quantified of input
Seat figure, phase change between 0-2 π；By four-wave mixing process twice, finally with signal identical frequency at generate phase beLight wave and signal individually interfere after quantized result planisphere such as Fig. 9 (b) shown in, the power ratio of the two is
0.72:1(Harmonic wave: signal)；It is same by four-wave mixing process twice, with signal identical frequency at the phase that generates
ForLight wave and signal individually interfere after quantized result planisphere such as Fig. 9 (c) shown in, the power ratio of the two is
0.12:1(Light wave: signal)；Above three light wave interferes together according to power ratio 1:0.72:0.12, quantized result
Shown in planisphere such as Fig. 9 (e), compared with the phase quantization result (shown in Fig. 9 (d)) that traditional double optical interference are realized, signal is obtained
Better compression has been arrived, the phase bit position with quantified goal quadrature in phase (90 °, 210 ° and 330 °), Ji Huquan are especially embodied in
At three target phases that portion is compressed to, three straight lines are can clearly be seen that in planisphere.From phase shift curve (figure
Shown in 9 (f)) in as can be seen that wherein abscissa is input signal phase, the phase of output signal after ordinate quantization, tradition
It is not very flat on each " step " although double optical interference results realize ladder-like output to a certain extent
It is smooth, and the three each steps of optical interference result are almost parallel with X-axis, i.e. the input signal phase for changing in a certain range
Position, is all quantized to same phase；It observes at the conversion of each step and (can be referred to as excessive phase), the double optical interference curves of tradition
Slope less than three optical interference as a result, and there are more phase points to be in excessive position, and be in three wave amounts of excessive position
Point point after change then greatly reduces, and has essentially become a jump function, that is, has had more phases to be quantized to target phase, amount
It is more accurate to change result.
Traditional double optical interference quantized results and the phase distribution histogram of three optical interference quantized results are as shown in Figure 10.
In figure, abscissa is the phase after signal quantization, and ordinate is the corresponding phase points of certain particular phases.Wherein, Figure 10 (a) is
Double optical interference quantized results, it can be seen that phase has the tendency that assembling for (15 degree, 135 degree and 255 degree) in three sections, but
It is the distribution for almost having phase in all ranges of (- π, π), can not concentrates on be quantized to three sections, in figure
The maximum value of ordinate is again smaller than 20, i.e., signal is not quantified effectively.Figure 10 (b) is three optical interference, three rank phase mass
The phase distribution histogram of change, it can be seen that phase has more traditional double light waves dry at three sections (15 degree, 135 degree and 255 degree)
Greater concentration of distribution is related to, while more outstanding is that signal greatly reduces in the distribution number of other phases, it is already possible to more bright
Aobvious sees three disjunct phase aggregation zones, and the maximum value of ordinate has increase compared with Figure 10 (a) in figure, becomes
22, also turn out that the quantization for signal is more accurate.It is computed, the phase distribution variance of the double optical interference quantized results of tradition is
3.3821, the phase distribution variance for the three optical interference quantized results that this paper proposes is 2.4434, has reduced 27.8 hundred
Branch.Demonstrating more optical interference phase quantizations from another angle has the advantages that precision is higher compared with conventional quantization mode.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of high-precision light phase quantization method based on more optical interference, feature include:
A. order phase harmonic generation；Light wave to be quantified inputs in highly nonlinear optical fiber together with pump light, passes through four-wave mixing
Reaction generates each rank higher hamonic wave；
B. interference light wave is participated in generate；Pass through double pump by two relevant pump lights and according to the higher hamonic wave of quantization order selection
Pu nondegenerate two-photon process process, with signal identical frequency to be quantified at generate participate in interference phase harmonic wave；
C. phase quantization is realized in optical interference；The phase harmonic wave of the participation interference of acquisition is interfered with light wave to be quantified, is realized
Phase quantization；
D. the phase multi harmonics for participating in interference are no less than 2, and phase relation meets fixed relationship；Specific phase between harmonic wave
Relationship byIt provides, whereinN is since 0
Natural number, N be quantization order；
E. it is separated by generating light wave with interventional procedures, convenient and accurate control participates in each light wave (light wave to be quantified of interference
And each phase harmonic wave) between power ratio.
2. method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that do not pass through generation described in pumping, light wave to be quantified and step A
Double pumping action nondegenerate two-photon process process between phase harmonic wave realizes quantization, increases and participates in interference light wave generation step, will be final
Interference and light wave generating process separate, more accurate control power ratio.
3. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that during power ratio between determining interference signal, with low order
Harmonic wave is main quantization determinant, and higher hamonic wave is the supplement and correction of the quantized result of low-order harmonic.
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