CN106620018A - 一种具有抗辐射效果的保健品及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种具有抗辐射效果的保健品及其制备方法,其中保健品,由以下重量份的原料药配比而成,红树莓20~30份,黑莓15~25份,桑葚10~20份,枸杞子12~15份,黑加仑8~12份,鱼腥草7~15份、红景天5~10份、茯苓3~8份、陈皮5~10份、山楂6~10份、黄芪3~6份、川芎5~10份、白术3~8份。保健品的制备方法按照以下步骤进行:称取原材料加水浸泡后煎煮3次,分离出药液;将药液粗滤,并混合,冷却静置,取上清液;按照每1kg溶液加入5g尼泊金甲酯的比例加入尼泊金甲酯粉末,边加边搅拌,充分混匀,静置后,用滤布过滤;将制得的滤液灭菌、消毒、封装,制成口服液制剂。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于食药保健品技术领域,涉及一种具有抗辐射效果的保健品及其制备方法。
背景技术
放射性物质广泛应用于科技、生产和日常生活,不可避免地会给人们的生活环境及人体造成放射性污染及放射危害,其中对于人体危害的严重性亦为人们所日益关注。迄今为止,恶性肿瘤患者临床治疗时,约70%以上的癌症患者离不开放射治疗,放疗后患者体内产生大量的活性氧,过量的活性氧引起的脂质过氧化,破坏膜的结构、损伤蛋白质和核酸,对人体健康造成严重影响。既然人们己经无法避免辐射,那么如何防患于未然,如何减少辐射给人类带来的损伤则引起了普遍关注。
目前对辐射损伤的防护除物理措施外,主要侧重于药物防护,由于药物或多或少都存在一定不良反应,加之费用因素,使药物在辐射防护中难以作为常规制剂应用。自古东方亚洲国家就有药食同源的传统,非常注重保健食品、功能食品的开发,而功能性食品添加剂,特别是一些天然提取物的明显功效,也早己在国际上得到认可。
发明内容
为实现上述目的,本发明提供一种具有抗辐射效果的保健品及其制备方法,解决了现有技术中存在的放射性治疗的辐射对人体造成机体损伤的问题。
本发明所采用的技术方案是,一种具有抗辐射效果的保健品,由以下重量份的原料药配比而成,红树莓20~30份,黑莓15~25份,桑葚10~20份,枸杞子12~15份,黑加仑8~12份,鱼腥草7~15份、红景天5~10份、茯苓3~8份、陈皮5~10份、山楂6~10份、黄芪3~6份、川芎5~10份、白术3~8份。
本发明采用的另一技术方案是,该具有抗辐射效果的保健品的制备方法,具体按照以下步骤进行:
步骤1,称取红树莓20~30份,黑莓15~25份,桑葚10~20份,枸杞子12~15份,黑加仑8~12份,鱼腥草7~15份、红景天5~10份、茯苓3~8份、陈皮5~10份、山楂6~10份、黄芪3~6份、川芎5~10份、白术3~8份,加8~15倍的水浸泡后煎煮3次,分离出药液;
步骤2,将步骤1中3次煎煮后的药液粗滤,并将滤液混合,冷却静置2~4小时,取上清液;
步骤3,取步骤2制得的上清液,按照每1kg溶液加入5g尼泊金甲酯的比例加入尼泊金甲酯粉末,边加边搅拌,充分混匀,静置3~6小时后,用滤布过滤;
步骤4,将步骤3制得的滤液灭菌、消毒、封装,制成口服液制剂。
上述步骤1中,加水浸泡3~6小时;每次煎煮1.5~2.5小时。
上述步骤2中,滤液冷却至15℃~25℃。
本发明的有益效果是,本发明药物具有提高机体免疫功能、能清除体内自由基,保护造血功能,适用于预防和治疗辐射引起的机体损伤。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明一种具有抗辐射效果的保健品及其制备方法药效试验中各组大鼠淋巴细胞DNA损伤情况图;
图2是本发明一种具有抗辐射效果的保健品及其制备方法药效试验中复方树莓籽粉对大鼠淋巴细胞DNA的影响图。
其中,图2A.空白对照组,图2B.单纯辐射组,图2C.维生素联合应用组,图2D.复方树莓籽粉组。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明一种具有抗辐射效果的保健品,由以下重量份的原料药配比而成,红树莓20~30份,黑莓15~25份,桑葚10~20份,枸杞子12~15份,黑加仑8~12份,鱼腥草7~15份、红景天5~10份、茯苓3~8份、陈皮5~10份、山楂6~10份、黄芪3~6份、川芎5~10份、白术3~8份。
本发明中各原材料的药理作用如下:
红树莓:含有丰富的维生素A、维生素C、钙、钾、镁等营养元素以及大量纤维,能有效缓解心绞痛等心血管疾病,含有丰富的水杨酸、酚酸等物质,能有效地保护心脏,预防高血压、血管壁粥样硬化、心脑血管脆化破裂等心脑血管疾病。
黑莓:维生素C含量丰富,特别是所含鞣化酸被证实是预防癌症最有效的物质,黑树莓籽具有增强免疫、促进造血红细胞生长、防止人体动脉及骨胳关节硬化、促进新陈代谢等功能。
桑葚:含有的脂肪酸具有分解脂肪,降低血脂,防止血管硬化等作用,桑椹籽含有的乌发素能使头发变的黑而亮泽。桑椹籽有改善皮肤,包括头皮血液供应,营养肌肤,使皮肤白嫩及乌发等作用,并能延缓衰老。桑椹籽具有免疫促进作用,可以防癌抗癌。桑椹籽可以明目,缓解眼睛疲劳干涩的症状,尤其适合肝肾阴血不足者,少年发白者,病后体虚、体弱、习惯性便秘者。
枸杞子:含有甜菜碱、阿托品、天仙子胺。具有促进免疫,抗衰老,抗肿瘤,清除自由基,抗疲劳,抗辐射,保肝,对生殖功能保护和改善等作用。甜菜碱对脂质具有代谢或抗脂肪肝的作用。枸杞所含有的类胡萝卜素则具有非常重要的药用价值。很多研究已经证明枸杞具有提高人体免疫功能,预防和抑制肿瘤及预防动脉粥样硬化等作用。
黑加仑:含有非常丰富的维生素C、磷、镁、钾、钙、花青素、酚类物质。具有多种养生功效,如坚固牙龈、保护肝脏、改善视功能,抗衰老,补血补气,尤其黑加仑籽中的多不饱和脂肪酸还具有良好的保护心脑血管的作用。
鱼腥草:所含鱼腥草素、月桂醛、甲基正壬基酮、香乙烯及槲皮甙、蕺菜碱等挥发油成分,对金黄色葡萄球菌、白色葡萄球菌、痢疾杆菌、绿脓杆菌、变形杆菌、副大肠杆菌、革兰阳性芽孢杆菌等均有一定抑制作用,对金黄色葡萄球菌和白色葡萄球菌作用较强。新鱼腥草素能促进组织再生,对艾氏腹水癌具有抑制效果。
红景天:一些报告指出红景天具有抗癌及抗突变的能力,它的抗癌机理在于细胞生长周期控制并使细胞凋亡。2006年一项研究指出红景天能抑制HL-60血癌细胞的分裂过程及减低它们的生存机会。另外,红景天可直接抑制肺癌细胞的生长及扩散。
茯苓:茯苓聚糖本身无抗肿瘤作用,但茯苓多糖(即茯苓次聚糖)、羧甲基茯苓多糖对小鼠肉瘤S180实体型及腹水转实体型、子宫颈癌S14实体型及腹水转实体型等均有不同程度的抑瘤作用。羧甲基茯苓多糖对小鼠移植肿瘤U14有较强的抑制作用;对艾氏腹水癌亦有一定抑制作用。试验表明,羧甲基茯苓多糖对艾氏腹水癌细胞的DNA合成有抑制作用。茯苓次聚糖对小鼠肉瘤S180有抑制作用,抑制率达96.88%。茯苓多糖F1和H11,具明显抗肿瘤活性。
陈皮:醇提物等能兴奋心肌,它还可使血管产生轻度的收缩,迅速升高血压。陈皮中的果胶对高脂饮食引起的动脉硬化也有一定的预防作用。
山楂:山楂的主要成分是黄酮类物质,对心血管系统有明显的药理作用。目前,从山楂中分离的黄酮成分有30余种,主要有含碳键的黄酮苷类、黄酮醇及其苷类、双氧黄酮苷类、聚合黄酮类。另一类较为重要的成分是三萜类物质,有强心、增加冠脉血流、改善血流循环等重要作用。此外,山楂中含有机酸如氯原酸、咖啡酸及鞣质、鞣酐、表儿茶酚、胆碱、乙酰胆碱、β谷甾醇、胡萝卜素及大量Vit C等。山楂中含有的牡荆素等化合物具有抗癌作用,常用山楂有利于防癌。实验表明,山楂片水煎液可延长长瘤动物的寿命,如可抑制小鼠艾氏腹水癌细胞作用,对人的子宫颈癌TCC-26抑制率达70%。
黄芪:能显著增加血液中的白细胞总数,促进中性粒细胞及巨噬细胞的吞噬功能和杀菌能力。黄芪能明显增强细胞免疫,促进PHA、COnA、PWM(美洲商陆)引起的淋巴细胞转化。黄芪多糖能升高正常大鼠红细胞的比容,增加红细胞数。黄芪还能防治因辐射而造成的小鼠外周血白细胞总数、骨髓有核细胞数的减少,可促进造血干细胞的分化和增殖。
川芎:川芎对大肠、痢疾(宋内氏)、变形、绿脓、伤寒、副伤寒杆菌及霍乱弧菌等有抑制作用。川芎水浸剂(1:3)在试管内对某些致病性皮肤真菌也有抑制作用。川芎水溶性粗制剂对大鼠、小鼠及犬的放射线照射与氮芥损伤均有保护作用。川芎对大鼠的抗射效果比小鼠好,ip比im给药效果好,im给药较ig效果好。
白术:有血管扩张作用。对心脏呈抑制作用,白术挥发油中之中性油对食管癌细胞有明显抑制作用。10mcg/ml时,于24小时内可使癌细胞全部脱落。5mcg/ml时,可使大部分癌细胞脱落,残存的小片细胞或散在细胞呈核固缩,核仁模糊不清,泡质多空泡。白术挥发油50-100mg/kg腹腔注射对艾氏腹水癌有显著抑制作用。全身给药时,对实质性实体癌的疗效则报道不一致。对358种植物药、中药单方和复方进行筛选时,白术挥发油对小鼠肉瘤-180的抑制作用最强(抑制率为31-49%)另有报道对S-180,S-37,U-14和W-256,以及白血病模型(L615均无明显作用。近报道,白术对methA肿瘤的中如活性比对照组明显增加,并显著增强MethA肿瘤的迟发性超敏反应,还促进植物血细胞凝集素-P和脂多糖诱导的幼若化反应。
本发明具有抗辐射效果的保健品的制备方法,具体按照以下步骤进行:
步骤1,称取红树莓20~30份,黑莓15~25份,桑葚10~20份,枸杞子12~15份,黑加仑8~12份,鱼腥草7~15份、红景天5~10份、茯苓3~8份、陈皮5~10份、山楂6~10份、黄芪3~6份、川芎5~10份、白术3~8份,加8~15倍的水浸泡后煎煮3次,分离出药液;
步骤2,将步骤1中3次煎煮后的药液粗滤,并将滤液混合,冷却静置2~4小时,取上清液;
步骤3,取步骤2制得的上清液,按照每1kg溶液加入5g尼泊金甲酯的比例加入尼泊金甲酯粉末,边加边搅拌,充分混匀,静置3~6小时后,用滤布过滤;
步骤4,将步骤3制得的滤液灭菌、消毒、封装,制成口服液制剂。
上述步骤1中,加水浸泡3~6小时;每次煎煮1.5~2.5小时。
上述步骤2中,滤液冷却至15℃~25℃。
实施例1
步骤1,称取红树莓25份,黑莓20份,桑葚15份,枸杞子13份,黑加仑10份,鱼腥草11份、红景天5份、茯苓5份、陈皮8份、山楂8份、黄芪4份、川芎7份、白术5份,加10倍的水浸泡4.5小时后煎煮3次,每次煎煮2小时,分离出药液;
步骤2,将步骤1中3次煎煮后的药液粗滤,并将滤液混合,冷却至20℃静置3小时,取上清液;
步骤3,取步骤2制得的上清液,按照每1kg溶液加入5g尼泊金甲酯的比例加入尼泊金甲酯粉末,边加边搅拌,充分混匀,静置5小时后,用滤布过滤;
步骤4,将步骤3制得的滤液灭菌、消毒、封装,制成口服液制剂。
实施例2
步骤1,称取红树莓20份,黑莓15份,桑葚10份,枸杞子12份,黑加仑8份,鱼腥草7份、红景天5份、茯苓3份、陈皮5份、山楂6份、黄芪3份、川芎5份、白术3份,加8倍的水浸泡3小时后煎煮3次,每次煎煮1.5小时,分离出药液;
步骤2,将步骤1中3次煎煮后的药液粗滤,并将滤液混合,冷却至15℃静置2小时,取上清液;
步骤3,取步骤2制得的上清液,按照每1kg溶液加入5g尼泊金甲酯的比例加入尼泊金甲酯粉末,边加边搅拌,充分混匀,静置3小时后,用滤布过滤;
步骤4,将步骤3制得的滤液灭菌、消毒、封装,制成口服液制剂。
实施例3
步骤1,称取红树莓30份,黑莓25份,桑葚20份,枸杞子15份,黑加仑12份,鱼腥草15份、红景天10份、茯苓8份、陈皮10份、山楂10份、黄芪6份、川芎10份、白术8份,加15倍的水浸泡6小时后煎煮3次,每次煎煮205小时,分离出药液;
步骤2,将步骤1中3次煎煮后的药液粗滤,并将滤液混合,冷却至25℃静置4小时,取上清液;
步骤3,取步骤2制得的上清液,按照每1kg溶液加入5g尼泊金甲酯的比例加入尼泊金甲酯粉末,边加边搅拌,充分混匀,静置6小时后,用滤布过滤;
步骤4,将步骤3制得的滤液灭菌、消毒、封装,制成口服液制剂。
本发明一种具有抗辐射效果的保健品的药效学试验和结果如下:
步骤1,动物处理:实验动物适应性喂养一周后,A、B组不做任何处理,C组维生素E(30mg/kg)和维生素C(50mg/kg)混合灌胃,D组复方树莓籽粉(1.25g/kg)灌胃,C、D组药物皆用生理盐水溶解至2ml,连续灌胃7d,自由饮水和进食;
步骤2,动物模型的建立:B、C、D组大鼠第7天灌胃结束后1h进行X射线全身一次性照射,总剂量为8Gy,剂量率为400cGy/min,源皮距100cm,建立急性放射性损伤大鼠模型;
步骤3,血样采集:辐射后禁食,24h后10%水合氯醛麻醉,腹主动脉取血5ml,加入到肝素钠抗凝管中,混匀,35ul全血分离淋巴细胞用于DNA损伤分析,1ml全血用作GSH-PX活力测定,其余全血离心后获取血浆置于-20℃冰箱保存待用;
步骤4,SOD、GSH-PX指标的测定:血清SOD活力采用WST-1法测定,酶标仪波长为450nm;全血GSH-PX酶活力采用比色法波长412nm测定;
步骤5,DNA损伤的检测和分析:正常的淋巴细胞的细胞核应为大、圆、亮,根据细胞核不同程度的损伤经荧光染色后可出现“彗星”图像,“彗星”图像包括头部和尾部,根据两者的比例大小分为0、I、II、III、IV五个等级。0级无尾部,只是一个明亮的圆核,表明DNA无损伤。当DNA断裂损伤的程度由轻到重,则彗星尾部逐渐变长、变大,头部逐渐变小且荧光强度逐渐变弱。每个样本计数100个细胞,计算AU值后进行统计学分析,得到DNA损伤的总体水平;
步骤6,统计学处理:采用SPSS 21.0统计软件进行统计学分析,数据以均数±标准差表示,组间比较采用单因素方差分析。
实验结果:
1.大鼠纳入实验的情况:B组1只大鼠在辐射后24h内死亡,腹部解剖后发现肠腔扩张、胀气、黏膜充血,考虑死亡原因为放疗并发症放射性肠炎。
2.血浆SOD和全血GSH-PX活力值的比较详见表1:由表1可知与空白对照组比较,单纯照射组SOD活力大幅降低,有显著统计学意义(P<0.01),GSH-PX活力降低,有统计学意义(P<0.05);与单纯照射组比较,维生素联合应用组和复方树莓籽粉组SOD活力皆有升高,有统计学意义(P<0.05),GSH-PX活力增高,有统计学意义(P<0.05)。
表1各组大鼠SOD、GSH-PX活力比较
注:与空白对照组比较,*P<0.01;与空白对照组比较,#P<0.05;与单纯照射组比较,&P<0.05
淋巴细胞DNA损伤情况的分析如图1、图2所示。由图1可知,与空白对照组相比,单纯照射组淋巴细胞DNA损伤较为严重,有统计学意义(*P<0.05);与单纯对照组相比,维生素联合应用组和复方树莓籽粉组淋巴细胞DNA损伤较轻,有统计学意义(#P<0.05)。由图2可知,于空白对照组(图2A)相比,单纯照射组淋巴细胞DNA严重损伤,彗星尾部延长(图2B),维生素联合应用组(图2C)和复方树莓籽粉组(图2D)淋巴细胞DNA损伤较轻。
实验证明本组方具有抗氧化功能,提升SOD、GSH-PX等活力。总的来说,本组方具有抗氧化、抗辐射、抗肿瘤的效果。造血系统是对辐射最敏感的系统之一,表现在外周血中即白细胞、红细胞、血小板数目降低。实验结果显示,预防性使用复方树莓籽粉能有效改善辐射对造血系统的损伤。本实验用彗星实验来评估淋巴细胞DNA的损伤程度。无论是通过统计学计算还是显微镜下肉眼所见,都可明显观察到维生素和复方树莓籽粉极好的保护了放射对淋巴细胞DNA的损伤作用。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非用于限定本发明的保护范围。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均包含在本发明的保护范围内。
Claims (4)
1.一种具有抗辐射效果的保健品,其特征在于,由以下重量份的原料药配比而成,红树莓20~30份,黑莓15~25份,桑葚10~20份,枸杞子12~15份,黑加仑8~12份,鱼腥草7~15份、红景天5~10份、茯苓3~8份、陈皮5~10份、山楂6~10份、黄芪3~6份、川芎5~10份、白术3~8份。
2.具有抗辐射效果的保健品的制备方法,其特征在于,具体按照以下步骤进行:
步骤1,称取红树莓20~30份,黑莓15~25份,桑葚10~20份,枸杞子12~15份,黑加仑8~12份,鱼腥草7~15份、红景天5~10份、茯苓3~8份、陈皮5~10份、山楂6~10份、黄芪3~6份、川芎5~10份、白术3~8份,加8~15倍的水浸泡后煎煮3次,分离出药液;
步骤2,将步骤1中3次煎煮后的药液粗滤,并将滤液混合,冷却静置2~4小时,取上清液;
步骤3,取步骤2制得的上清液,按照每1kg溶液加入5g尼泊金甲酯的比例加入尼泊金甲酯粉末,边加边搅拌,充分混匀,静置3~6小时后,用滤布过滤;
步骤4,将步骤3制得的滤液灭菌、消毒、封装,制成口服液制剂。
3.根据权利要求2所述的具有抗辐射效果的保健品的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤1中,加水浸泡3~6小时;每次煎煮1.5~2.5小时。
4.根据权利要求2所述的具有抗辐射效果的保健品的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤2中,滤液冷却至15℃~25℃。
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