CN106604922A - 具有含硫取代基的杀有害生物活性杂环衍生物 - Google Patents
具有含硫取代基的杀有害生物活性杂环衍生物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106604922A CN106604922A CN201580045561.6A CN201580045561A CN106604922A CN 106604922 A CN106604922 A CN 106604922A CN 201580045561 A CN201580045561 A CN 201580045561A CN 106604922 A CN106604922 A CN 106604922A
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- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 title claims description 37
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 22
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 title claims description 21
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 title description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 253
- -1 salts salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 232
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 124
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 75
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 73
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Substances C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 71
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 62
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 55
- 125000002971 oxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 51
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 37
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 32
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- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 30
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- VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium thiocyanate Chemical compound [Na+].[S-]C#N VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
- C07D417/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings
- C07D417/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
- C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D471/04—Ortho-condensed systems
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
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- C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
- C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D487/04—Ortho-condensed systems
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- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F5/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table
- C07F5/02—Boron compounds
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- C07F5/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table
- C07F5/02—Boron compounds
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)
- Nitrogen And Oxygen Or Sulfur-Condensed Heterocyclic Ring Systems (AREA)
- Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
具有化学式(I)的化合物
Description
本发明涉及含硫取代基的杀有害生物活性(尤其是杀昆虫活性的)杂环衍生物,涉及用于制备那些化合物的中间体,涉及包含那些化合物的组合物,并且涉及它们用于控制动物有害生物(包括节肢动物并且尤其是昆虫或蜱螨目的代表)的用途。
具有杀有害生物作用的杂环化合物是已知的并描述于例如WO 2012/086848和WO2013/018928中。
现在已经发现具有含硫的苯基和吡啶基取代基的杀有害生物活性杂环6/5-二环衍生物。
本发明因此涉及具有化学式I的化合物,
其中
A表示CH或N;
Q是五至十元单环或稠合双环杂环的环系统,该环系统可以是芳香族的、部分饱和的或完全饱和的,并且该环系统包含选自下组的1至4个杂原子,该组由以下各项组成:氮、氧和硫,每个环系统不可能包含多于2个氧原子以及多于2个硫原子,所述五至十元环系统可以被独立地选自下组的取代基单取代至多取代,该组由以下各项组成:卤素、氰基、氧代、OH、NH2、C1-C6烷基、C3-C6环烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C1-C6烷基磺酰基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基、C1-C6烷基氨基、C1-C6二烷基氨基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基氨基、C1-C4卤代烷基硫烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C4卤代烷基磺酰基、C1-C6烷基羰基、C1-C6卤代烷基羰基、苯基、嘧啶基、噻唑基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基氧基、咪唑基、二氢-噁唑基、噁唑基、二氧戊环基、1,3-二噁烷基和5,6-二氢-[1,4,2]二噁嗪基;其中所述苯基、嘧啶基、噻唑基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基氧基、咪唑基、二氢-噁唑基、噁唑基、二氧戊环基、1,3-二噁烷基和5,6-二氢-[1,4,2]二噁嗪基本身可以被独立地选自下组的取代基单取代至多取代,该组由以下各项组成:卤素、C1-C6烷基、二-C1-C4烷基-磷酰基甲基-氨基羰基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基氨基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C1-C6烷基氨基和C1-C6二-烷基氨基;
X是S、SO或SO2;
R1是C1-C4烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C3-C6环烷基、C3-C6环烷基C1-C4烷基或被选自下组的取代基单取代或多取代的C3-C6环烷基,该组由以下各项组成:卤素、氰基和C1-C4烷基;或R1是被选自下组的取代基单取代或多取代的C3-C6环烷基C1-C4烷基,该组由以下各项组成:卤素、氰基和C1-C4烷基;
或R1是C2-C6烯基、C2-C6卤代烯基或C2-C6炔基;
R2是卤素、氰基、C1-C6卤代烷基或被一个或两个选自下组的取代基取代的C1-C6卤代烷基,该组由以下各项组成:羟基、甲氧基和氰基;
或R2是C1-C4卤代烷基硫烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C4卤代烷基磺酰基、O(C1-C4卤代烷基)、或-C(O)C1-C4卤代烷基;
或R2是C3-C6环烷基,其可以是被选自下组的取代基单取代或多取代的,该组由以下各项组成:卤素、氰基和C1-C4烷基;
X1是O、S或NR3,其中R3是氢、C1-C4烷基、C2-C6烯基、C2-C6炔基、C1-C4烷氧基-C1-C4烷基或C3-C6环烷基;
以及那些化合物的农用化学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、对映异构体、互变异构体和N-氧化物。
具有至少一个碱性中心的具有化学式I的化合物可以与以下酸形成例如酸加成盐,这些酸为:例如强无机酸(例如矿物酸,例如高氯酸、硫酸、硝酸、磷酸或氢卤酸),强有机羧酸(例如未经取代的或像被卤素取代的C1-C4烷羧酸,例如乙酸(像饱和或不饱和的二羧酸),例如草酸、丙二酸、琥珀酸、马来酸、富马酸或邻苯二甲酸(像羟基羧酸),例如抗坏血酸、乳酸、苹果酸、酒石酸或柠檬酸,或像苯甲酸),或有机磺酸(例如未经取代的或像被卤素取代的C1-C4烷-或芳基磺酸,例如甲烷-或对甲苯磺酸)。具有至少一个酸性基团的具有化学式I的化合物可以例如与碱形成盐,例如矿物盐,例如碱金属或碱土金属盐,例如钠盐、钾盐或镁盐;或与氨或有机胺形成盐,例如吗啉、哌啶、吡咯烷、单、二或三低碳数烷基胺,例如乙胺、二乙胺、三乙胺或二甲基丙基胺,或单、二或三羟基低碳数烷基胺,例如单乙醇胺、二乙醇胺或三乙醇胺。
在取代基定义中出现的烷基基团可以是直链的或支链的,并且是例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、仲丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、戊基、己基、壬基、癸基以及它们的支链异构体。烷基硫烷基、烷基亚磺酰基、烷基磺酰基、烷氧基、烯基和炔基基团衍生自所提及的烷基基团。烯基和炔基基团可以是单或多不饱和的。C1-二-烷基氨基是二甲基氨基。
卤素一般是氟、氯、溴或碘。相应地,这也适用于与其他含义结合的卤素,例如卤代烷基或卤代苯基。
卤代烷基基团优选地具有从1至6个碳原子的链长。卤代烷基是例如氟甲基、二氟甲基、三氟甲基、氯甲基、二氯甲基、三氯甲基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、2-氟乙基、2-氯乙基、五氟乙基、1,1-二氟-2,2,2-三氯乙基、2,2,3,3-四氟乙基以及2,2,2-三氯乙基。
烷氧基基团优选地具有一个优选的从1至6个碳原子的链长。烷氧基是例如甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、异丙氧基、正丁氧基、异丁氧基、仲丁氧基和叔丁氧基并且还是同分异构的戊氧基以及己氧基基团。
烷氧基烷基基团优选地具有1至6个碳原子的链长。
烷氧基烷基是例如甲氧基甲基、甲氧基乙基、乙氧基甲基、乙氧基乙基、正丙氧基甲基、正丙氧基乙基、异丙氧基甲基或异丙氧基乙基。
烷基硫烷基是例如甲基硫烷基、乙基硫烷基、丙基硫烷基、异丙基硫烷基、丁基硫烷基、戊基硫烷基、以及己基硫烷基。
烷基亚磺酰基是例如甲基亚磺酰基、乙基亚磺酰基、丙基亚磺酰基、异丙基亚磺酰基、丁基亚磺酰基、戊基亚磺酰基、以及己基亚磺酰基。
烷基磺酰基是例如甲基磺酰基、乙基磺酰基、丙基磺酰基、异丙基磺酰基、丁基磺酰基、戊基磺酰基、以及己基磺酰基。
烷氧基羰基是例如甲氧基羰基(其为C1烷氧基羰基)、乙氧基羰基、丙氧基羰基、异丙氧基羰基、正丁氧基羰基、叔丁氧基羰基、正戊氧基羰基或己氧基羰基。
环烷基基团优选地具有从3至6个环碳原子,例如环丙基、环丁基、环戊基和环己基。
卤代烷氧基基团优选具有一个从1至4个碳原子的链长。卤代烷氧基例如是,二氟甲氧基、三氟甲氧基或2,2,2-三氟乙氧基。
在本发明的上下文中,取代基定义中的“单到多取代的”典型地是指,取决于取代基的化学结构,单取代的到七次取代的,优选是单取代的到五次取代的,更优选是单、二或三取代的。
自由基表示甲基基团。在表示取代基Q的实施例的杂环J中,自由基表示键。
根据本发明的具有化学式I的化合物还包括在盐形成期间可以形成的水合物。
根据本发明,取决于环成员的数目,五至十元单环或稠合双环系统(该五至十元单环或稠合双环系统可以是芳香族的、部分饱和的或完全饱和的,并且该五至十元单环或稠合双环系统包含选自下组的1至4个杂原子,该组由以下各项组成:氮、氧和硫,每个环系统不可能包含多于2个氧原子以及多于2个硫原子),或三至十元单环或稠合双环系统(该三至十元单环或稠合双环系统可以是芳香族的、部分饱和的或完全饱和的),例如选自下组,该组由以下杂环基团组成:
吡咯基;吡唑基;异噁唑基;呋喃基;噻吩基;咪唑基;噁唑基;噻唑基;异噻唑基;三唑基;噁二唑基;噻二唑基;四唑基;呋喃基;吡啶基;嘧啶基;吡嗪基;哒嗪基;三嗪基,吡喃基;喹唑啉基;异喹啉基;吲嗪基;异苯并呋喃基萘啶基;喹喔啉基;噌啉基;酞嗪基;苯并噻唑基;苯并噁唑基;苯并三唑基;吲唑基;吲哚基;吡咯烷基;哌啶基;吗啉基;二氢吲哚基;四氢喹啉基;
(1H-吡咯-1-基)-;(1H-吡咯-2-基)-;(1H-吡咯-3-基)-;
(1H-吡唑-1-基)-;(1H-吡唑-3-基)-;(3H-吡唑-3-基)-;(1H-吡唑-4-基)-;
(3-异噁唑基)-;(5-异噁唑基)-;
(2-呋喃基)-;(3-呋喃基)-;
(2-噻吩基)-;(3-噻吩基)-;
(1H-咪唑-2-基)-;(1H-咪唑-4-基)-;(1H-咪唑-5-基)-;
(2-噁唑-2-基)-;(噁唑-4-基)-;(噁唑-5-基);
(噻唑-2-基)-;(噻唑-4-基);(噻唑-5-基)-;
(异噻唑-3-基)-;(异噻唑-5-基)-;
(1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-;(1H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)-;(4H-1,2,4-三唑-4-基)-;(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)-
(1,2,3-噁二唑-2-基)-;(1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)-;(1,2,4-噁二唑-4-基)-;(1,2,4-噁二唑-5-基)-;
(1,2,3-噻二唑-2-基)-;(1,2,4-噻二唑-3-基)-;(1,2,4-噻二唑-4-基)-;(1,3,4-噻二唑-5-基)-;
(1H-四唑-1-基)-;(1H-四唑-5-基)-;(2H-四唑-5-基)-;
(2-吡啶基)-;(3-吡啶基)-;(4-吡啶基)-;
(2-嘧啶基)-;(4-嘧啶基)-;(5-嘧啶基)-;
(2-吡嗪基)-;
(3-哒嗪基)-;(4-哒嗪基)-;
(1,3,5-三嗪-2-基)-;(1,2,4-三嗪-5-基)-;(1,2,4-三嗪-6-基)-;(1,2,4-三嗪-3-基)-;
(呋咱-3-基)-;
(2-喹啉基)-;(3-喹啉基)-;(4-喹啉基)-;(5-喹啉基)-;(6-喹啉基)-;(3-异喹啉基)-;(4-异喹啉基)-;(2-喹唑啉基)-;(2-喹喔啉基)-;(5-喹喔啉基)-;(吡啶并[2,3-b]吡嗪-7-基)-;(苯并噁唑-5-基)-;(苯并噻唑-5-基)-;(苯并[b]噻吩-2-基)-和(苯并[1,2,5]噁二唑-5-基)-。
在本发明的一个优选实施例中,
Q是五至十元单环或稠合双环系统,该五至十元单环或稠合双环系统可以是芳香族的、部分饱和的或完全饱和的,并且该五至十元单环或稠合双环系统包含选自下组的1至4个杂原子,该组由以下各项组成:氮、氧和硫,每个环系统不可能包含多于2个氧原子以及多于2个硫原子,所述五至十元环系统可以被独立地选自下组的取代基单取代至多取代,该组由以下各项组成:卤素、氰基、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C1-C6烷基磺酰基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基、C1-C6烷基氨基、C1-C6二烷基氨基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基氨基、C1-C4卤代烷基硫烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C4卤代烷基磺酰基、C1-C6烷基羰基、C1-C6卤代烷基羰基、苯基、嘧啶基、噻唑基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基氧基、咪唑基、二氢-噁唑基、噁唑基、二氧戊环基、1,3-二噁烷基和5,6-二氢-[1,4,2]二噁嗪基;其中所述苯基、嘧啶基、噻唑基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基氧基、咪唑基、二氢-噁唑基、噁唑基、二氧戊环基、1,3-二噁烷基和5,6-二氢-[1,4,2]二噁嗪基本身可以被独立地选自下组的取代基单取代至多取代,该组由以下各项组成:卤素、C1-C6烷基、二-C1-C4烷基-磷酰基甲基-氨基羰基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基氨基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C1-C6烷基氨基和C1-C6二-烷基氨基。
在优选的具有化学式I的化合物中,Q选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:J-1至J-56
具体地选自J-1至J-40;
其中每个基团J-1至J-56是被Rx单取代、二取代或三取代的,其中
每个Rx独立地选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:氢、卤素、氰基、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C1-C6烷基磺酰基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基、C1-C6烷基氨基、C1-C6二烷基氨基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基氨基、C1-C4卤代烷基硫烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C4卤代烷基磺酰基、C1-C6烷基羰基、C1-C6卤代烷基羰基、苯基、嘧啶基、噻唑基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基氧基、咪唑基、二氢-噁唑基、噁唑基、二氧戊环基、1,3-二噁烷基和5,6-二氢-[1,4,2]二噁嗪基;其中所述苯基、嘧啶基、噻唑基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基氧基、咪唑基、二氢-噁唑基、噁唑基、二氧戊环基、1,3-二噁烷基和5,6-二氢-[1,4,2]二噁嗪基本身可以被独立地选自下组的取代基单取代至多取代,该组由以下各项组成:卤素、C1-C6烷基、二-C1-C4烷基-磷酰基甲基-氨基羰基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基氨基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C1-C6烷基氨基、C1-C6二-烷基氨基。
具有化学式I的化合物的优选的组由具有化学式I-1的化合物表示
其中R2和Q是如以上在化学式I下所定义的;并且其中Xa1是S、SO或SO2;Ra1是甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基或环丙基甲基;以及那些化合物的农用化学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、对映异构体、互变异构体和N-氧化物。在具有化学式I-1的化合物的这个优选的组中,R2优选地是C1-C4卤代烷基,Xa1优选地是SO2并且Ra1优选地是乙基。在具有化学式I-1的化合物中,Q优选地选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:杂环
其中Rx独立地选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:氢、卤素、氰基、氨基、C3-C6环烷基、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C1-C6烷基磺酰基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基、C1-C6烷基氨基、C1-C6二烷基氨基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基氨基、C1-C4卤代烷基硫烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C4卤代烷基磺酰基、C1-C6烷基羰基、C1-C6卤代烷基羰基、苯基、嘧啶基、噻唑基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基氧基、咪唑基、二氢-噁唑基、噁唑基、二氧戊环基、1,3-二噁烷基和5,6-二氢-[1,4,2]二噁嗪基;其中所述苯基、嘧啶基、噻唑基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基氧基、咪唑基、二氢-噁唑基、噁唑基、二氧戊环基、1,3-二噁烷基和5,6-二氢-[1,4,2]二噁嗪基本身可以被独立地选自下组的取代基单取代至多取代,该组由以下各项组成:卤素、C1-C6烷基、二-C1-C4烷基-磷酰基甲基-氨基羰基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基氨基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C1-C6烷基氨基和C1-C6二-烷基氨基。在具有化学式I-1的化合物中,Rx优选独立地选自氢、卤素、氰基、氨基、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C3-C6环烷基和苯基,所述苯基可以被卤素单取代或多取代。
具有化学式I的化合物的另外的优选的组由具有化学式I-2的化合物表示
其中R2和Q是如以上在化学式I下所定义的;并且其中Xa2是S、SO或SO2;Ra2是甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基或环丙基甲基;以及那些化合物的农用化学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、对映异构体、互变异构体和N-氧化物。在具有化学式I-2的化合物的这个优选的组中,R2优选是C1-C4卤代烷基,Xa2优选地是SO2并且Ra2优选地是乙基。在具有化学式I-2的化合物中,Q优选地选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:杂环
具体地选自J-5a和J-30a;
其中Rx独立地选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:氢、卤素、氰基、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C1-C6烷基磺酰基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基、C1-C6烷基氨基、C1-C6二烷基氨基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基氨基、C1-C4卤代烷基硫烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C4卤代烷基磺酰基、C1-C6烷基羰基、C1-C6卤代烷基羰基、苯基、嘧啶基、噻唑基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基氧基、咪唑基、二氢-噁唑基、噁唑基、二氧戊环基、1,3-二噁烷基和5,6-二氢-[1,4,2]二噁嗪基;其中所述苯基、嘧啶基、噻唑基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基氧基、咪唑基、二氢-噁唑基、噁唑基、二氧戊环基、1,3-二噁烷基和5,6-二氢-[1,4,2]二噁嗪基本身可以被独立地选自下组的取代基单取代至多取代,该组由以下各项组成:卤素、C1-C6烷基、二-C1-C4烷基-磷酰基甲基-氨基羰基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基氨基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C1-C6烷基氨基和C1-C6二-烷基氨基,具体地选自氢和C1-C4卤代烷基。
尤其优选的具有化学式I的化合物由具有化学式Ia-1的化合物表示
其中
X2是S或SO2;
X3是N-(C1-C4烷基);
R4是C1-C4烷基;
R6是C1-C4卤代烷基;并且
Qa选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:杂环
具体地选自杂环
其中每个优选的基团Qa是被Rx单取代、二取代或三取代的,其中
每个Rx独立地选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:氢、卤素、氰基、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C1-C6烷基磺酰基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基、C1-C6烷基氨基、C1-C6二烷基氨基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基氨基、C1-C4卤代烷基硫烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C4卤代烷基磺酰基、C1-C6烷基羰基、C1-C6卤代烷基羰基、苯基、嘧啶基、噻唑基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基氧基、咪唑基、二氢-噁唑基、噁唑基、二氧戊环基、1,3-二噁烷基和5,6-二氢-[1,4,2]二噁嗪基;其中所述苯基、嘧啶基、噻唑基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基氧基、咪唑基、二氢-噁唑基、噁唑基、二氧戊环基、1,3-二噁烷基和5,6-二氢-[1,4,2]二噁嗪基本身可以被独立地选自下组的取代基单取代至多取代,该组由以下各项组成:卤素、C1-C6烷基、二-C1-C4烷基-磷酰基甲基-氨基羰基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基氨基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C1-C6烷基氨基和C1-C6二-烷基氨基。
在所述优选的具有化学式Ia-1的化合物中,Qa优选地被Rx单取代或二取代,从而每个Rx独立优选地选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:氢、卤素、氰基、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、苯基和卤代苯基(优选4-卤代苯基)。具体地,在所述优选的具有化学式Ia-1的化合物中,Qa优选地被Rx单取代或二取代,从而每个Rx独立地优选地选自氢、卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、苯基和卤代苯基(优选4-卤代苯基)。
甚至更优选的具有化学式I的化合物由具有化学式Ia-2的化合物表示
其中
X4是SO2;
X5是N-(C1-C4烷基);
R7是C1-C4烷基;
R8是C1-C4卤代烷基;并且
Qb优选地选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:杂环
具体地选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:杂环
其中每个Rx独立地选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:氢、卤素、氰基、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C1-C6烷基磺酰基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基、C1-C6烷基氨基、C1-C6二烷基氨基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基氨基、C1-C4卤代烷基硫烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C4卤代烷基磺酰基、C1-C6烷基羰基、C1-C6卤代烷基羰基、苯基、嘧啶基、噻唑基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基氧基、咪唑基、二氢-噁唑基、噁唑基、二氧戊环基、1,3-二噁烷基和5,6-二氢-[1,4,2]二噁嗪基;其中所述苯基、嘧啶基、噻唑基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基氧基、咪唑基、二氢-噁唑基、噁唑基、二氧戊环基、1,3-二噁烷基和5,6-二氢-[1,4,2]二噁嗪基本身可以被独立地选自下组的取代基单取代至多取代,该组由以下各项组成:卤素、C1-C6烷基、二-C1-C4烷基-磷酰基甲基-氨基羰基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基氨基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C1-C6烷基氨基和C1-C6二-烷基氨基。
在所述优选的具有化学式Ia-2的化合物中,Rx独立地特别优选地选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:氢、卤素、氰基、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、苯基和卤代苯基(优选4-卤代苯基)。具体地,在所述优选的具有化学式Ia-2的化合物中,Rx独立地特别优选地选自氢、卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、苯基和卤代苯基(优选4-卤代苯基)。
另外优选的具有化学式I的化合物由具有化学式Ia-3的化合物表示
其中
R9是C1-C4卤代烷基;
R10是C1-C4烷基;并且
Qc选自
以及
具体地选自
其中
每个Rx独立地选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:氢、羟基、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C1-C4卤代烷基羰基氨基、卤素、氨基、氰基、C1-C6烷基硫烷基和苯基,所述苯基可以被卤素取代。
具有化学式I的化合物的尤其优选的组由上文具有化学式Ia-3的化合物表示,其中
R9是C1-C4卤代烷基;
R10是C1-C4烷基;并且
Qc选自
其中
Rx是氢、卤素、氰基、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基或C1-C6卤代烷氧基,具体地是C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基、C1-C4卤代烷基或卤素。
根据本发明的用于制备具有化学式I的化合物的工艺原则上通过本领域普通技术人员已知的方法来进行。更具体地,可以通过将具有化学式II的化合物与具有化学式III的化合物进行反应制备具有化学式I的化合物(如描述在方案1中),其中Xb1可以是卤素(优先地是氯、溴、或碘)或磺酸酯(例如像三氟甲磺酸酯),并且Yb1可以是硼衍生的官能团(如例如B(OH)2或B(ORb1)2,其中Rb1可以是C1-C6烷基基团或这两个基团ORb1可以与硼原子一起形成一个五或六元环(如例如频哪醇硼酸酯))。在化学式II和III中,A、X1、R1、R2、X和Q是如在化学式I中所描述的。该反应可以通过基于钯的催化剂(例如四(三苯基膦)钯(0)、双(三苯膦)钯(II)二氯化物、氯(2-二环己基膦-2’,4’,6’-三异丙基-1,1’-联苯基)[2-(2’-氨基-1,1’-联苯基)]钯(II)(XPhos钯环)、或(1,1’双(二苯基膦基)-二茂铁)二氯钯-二氯甲烷(1:1复合物))、在碱(像碳酸钠、磷酸三钾或氟化铯)的存在下、在溶剂(如1,2-二甲氧基乙烷、四氢呋喃或二噁烷)或溶剂混合物(像例如1,2-二甲氧基乙烷和水的混合物,或二噁烷和水的混合物)中、优选地在惰性气氛下进行催化。该反应温度可以优先地在从环境温度至反应混合物的沸点的范围内,或者可替代地,可以在微波辐射下进行加热。
方案1:
具有化学式II的化合物(其中A、X1、R1、R2和X是如在化学式I中所描述的,并且其中Xb1是卤素,优选地是氯、溴或碘)可类似于在WO 15/000715中所发现的描述来制备。
还可以通过将具有化学式IV的化合物与具有化学式V的化合物进行反应制备具有化学式I的化合物(如描述在方案2中),其中Xb2可以是卤素(优先地是氯、溴、或碘)或磺酸酯(例如像三氟甲磺酸酯),并且Yb2可以是硼衍生的官能团(如例如B(OH)2或B(ORb2)2,其中Rb2可以是C1-C6烷基基团或这两个基团ORb2可以与硼原子一起形成一个五或六元环(如例如频哪醇硼酸酯))。在化学式IV和V中,A、X1、R1、R2、X和Q是如在化学式I中所描述的。该反应可以通过基于钯的催化剂(例如四(三苯基膦)钯(0)、双(三苯膦)钯(II)二氯化物或(1,1’双(二苯基膦基)-二茂铁)二氯钯-二氯甲烷(1:1复合物))、在碱(像碳酸钠或氟化铯)的存在下、在溶剂(如1,2-二甲氧基乙烷、四氢呋喃或二噁烷)或溶剂混合物(像例如1,2-二甲氧基乙烷和水的混合物、或二噁烷和水的混合物)中、优选地在惰性气氛下进行催化。该反应温度可以优先地在从室温至反应混合物的沸点的范围内,或者可替代地,可以在微波辐射下进行加热。
方案2
具有化学式IV的化合物
其中
R1、R2、X、X1和A是如以上在化学式I下所定义的,并且Yb2是-B(OH)2、-B(ORb2)2(其中Rb2是C1-C6烷基或Yb2是(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷基团))是新颖的,被特别地研发用于制备根据本发明的具有化学式I的化合物,并因此代表了本发明的另外的目的。对于具有化学式I、I-1、I-2、Ia-1、Ia-2和Ia-3的优选的取代基定义也适用于优选的具有化学式IV的化合物。
在具有化学式I的化合物具有通过氮原子所附接的基团Q的具体情况(即,其中Q是含氮杂环系统的那些情况)下,这些化合物可以有利地通过将具有化学式IV的化合物与具有化学式Va的化合物反应来获得(其中Yb2可以是硼衍生的官能团,例如B(OH)2或B(ORb2)2,其中Rb2可以是C1-C6烷基基团或者两个基团ORb2可以与硼原子一起形成五或六元环,例如频哪醇硼酸酯)(方案2a)。在化学式IV和Va中,A、R1、R2、X和X1是如以上在化学式I下所定义的并且Q是如在化学式I中所描述的,其条件是附着点为氮原子。该反应(又称为Chan-Lam偶联(P.Y.S.拉姆(Lam),C.G.克拉克(Clark),S.绍贝恩(Saubern),J.亚当斯(Adams),M.P.温特斯(Winters),D.M.T.陈(Chan),A.库姆斯(Combs),四面体快报(Tetrahedron Lett.)1998,39,2941))通常在一至两当量的铜衍生物(例如乙酸铜(II))的存在下并且在含氧气氛下,用一至两当量的碱(如吡啶或三乙胺)进行。该反应可以在惰性溶剂(如二氯甲烷、二噁烷或二甲基甲酰胺)中,通常在室温或约室温下进行。
方案2a
在具有化学式I的化合物具有通过氮原子所附接的基团Q的特定情况(即,Q是含氮杂环系统的那些情况)下,这些化合物可替代地可以通过将具有化学式II的化合物与具有化学式Va的化合物反应来获得(其中Xb1可以是卤素,优先地是氯、溴或碘,或磺酸酯,例如三氟甲磺酸酯)(方案2b)。在化学式II和Va中,A、R1、R2、X和X1是如以上在化学式I下所定义的并且Q是如在化学式I中所描述的,其条件是附着点为氮原子。这种与具有化学式Va的杂环Q-H(其包含合适的NH官能度)的反应可以在碱(如碳酸钾K2CO3或碳酸铯Cs2CO3)的存在下,任选地在铜催化剂(例如碘化铜(I))的存在下,在有或没有添加剂(如L-脯氨酸、N,N’-二甲基环己烷-1,2-二胺或N,N’-二甲基乙二胺)的情况下,在惰性溶剂(如N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)或N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF))中,在30℃-150℃之间的温度下,任选地在微波辐射下操作。
方案2b
针对杂环Q-H J-30a,下文(方案2c)展示了这种反应(C-N键形成)(其中J30a和Rx是如上所定义的),以给出具有化学式I-(J-30a)的化合物,具有化学式I的化合物的具体亚基团(其中Rx、A、X、R1、X1和R2是如之前所定义的)。
方案2c
可以通过具有化学式I-a2的化合物(其中A、R1、R2、X1和Q具有在化学式I中所定义的值,并且X是-SO-)的氧化反应来制备具有化学式I-a3的化合物(其中A、R1、R2、X1和Q具有在化学式I中所定义的值,并且X是-SO2-)。该反应可以用试剂(像例如过酸(如过氧乙酸或间氯过氧化苯甲酸、或氢过氧化物(如例如过氧化氢或叔丁基氢过氧化物)、或无机氧化剂(如单过氧焦硫酸盐或高锰酸钾))进行。在上文描述的类似的条件下,以相似的方式,可以通过具有化学式I-a1的化合物(其中A、R1、R2、X1和Q具有在化学式I中所定义的值,并且X是-S-)的氧化反应来制备具有化学式I-a2的化合物(其中A、R1、R2、X1和Q具有在化学式I中所定义的值,并且X是-SO-)。这些反应可以在与这些条件相容的各种有机或水性溶剂中,以从低于0℃高至溶剂系统的沸点的温度进行。将具有化学式1-a1的化合物转化为具有化学式1-a2和1-a3的化合物在方案3中描述。
方案3
也可以通过将具有化学式VI的化合物与具有化学式VII的化合物进行反应来制备具有化学式I-a1的化合物(方案4),其中A、R1、R2、X1和Q具有在化学式I中所定义的值,并且X是硫并且M是金属或非金属阳离子。在方案4中,假定阳离子M是单价的,但也可以考虑与多于一个S-R1基团相关联的多价阳离子。优选的阳离子是例如锂、钠、钾或铯。为了这个转化起作用,Xb3是离去基团像例如氟、氯、溴或碘,或芳基-或烷基磺酸酯,但也可以考虑许多其他离去基团。该反应可以在溶剂(优选是非质子溶剂)中,在低于0℃的温度或高至反应混合物的沸点的温度下进行。
方案4
可以通过将具有化学式VIII的化合物与具有化学式IX的化合物(其中Xb4可以是卤素(优先地氯、溴或碘)或磺酸酯(像例如三氟甲磺酸酯),最优选是溴或碘,并且Yb4可以是硼衍生的官能团(如例如B(OH)2或B(ORb4)2,其中Rb4可以是C1-C6烷基基团或这两个基团ORb4可以与硼原子一起形成一个五或六元环(如例如频哪醇硼酸酯))进行反应来制备具有化学式VI的化合物(其中Xb3是离去基团像例如氟、氯、溴或碘,或芳基-或烷基磺酸盐(如三氟甲磺酸酯),或任何其他相似的离去基团)(方案5)。在化学式VI、VIII和IX中,A、X1、R2和Q是如在化学式I中所描述的。该反应可以通过基于钯的催化剂(例如四(三苯基膦)钯(0)、双(三苯膦)钯(II)二氯化物或(1,1’双(二苯基膦基)-二茂铁)二氯钯-二氯甲烷(1:1复合物))、在碱(像碳酸钠或氟化铯)的存在下、在溶剂(如1,2-二甲氧基乙烷、四氢呋喃或二噁烷)或溶剂混合物(像例如1,2-二甲氧基乙烷和水的混合物、或二噁烷和水的混合物)中、优选地在惰性气氛下进行催化。该反应温度可以优先地在从室温至反应混合物的沸点的范围内,或者可替代地,可以在微波辐射下进行加热。
方案5
在方案6中描述的可替代地方法中,也可以通过将具有化学式X的化合物(其中Xb3是离去基团像例如氟、氯、溴或碘,或芳基-或烷基磺酸酯(例如三氟甲磺酸酯),或任何其他相似的离去基团)与具有化学式XI的化合物(其中Xb5可以是卤素(优先是氯、溴或碘)或磺酸酯(像例如三氟甲磺酸酯),最优选是溴或碘,并且Yb5可以是硼衍生的官能团(如例如B(OH)2或B(ORb5)2,其中Rb5可以是C1-C6烷基基团或这两个基团ORb5以与硼原子一起形成一个五或六元环(如例如频哪醇硼酸酯))进行反应来制备具有化学式VI的化合物。在化学式VI、X和XI中,A、X1、R2和Q是如在化学式I中所描述的。该反应可以通过基于钯的催化剂(例如四(三苯基膦)钯(0)、双(三苯膦)钯(II)二氯化物或(1,1’双(二苯基膦基)-二茂铁)二氯钯-二氯甲烷(1:1复合物))、在碱(像碳酸钠或氟化铯)的存在下、在溶剂(如1,2-二甲氧基乙烷、四氢呋喃或二噁烷)或溶剂混合物(像例如1,2-二甲氧基乙烷和水的混合物、或二噁烷和水的混合物)中、优选地在惰性气氛下进行催化。该反应温度可以优先地在从室温至反应混合物的沸点的范围内,或者可替代地,可以在微波辐射下进行加热。
方案6
也可以通过将具有化学式XIII的化合物与具有化学式XIV的化合物在各种正式脱水条件下进行反应来制备具有化学式I的化合物(方案7),其中A、R1、R2、X、X1和Q具有在化学式I中所定义的值。这些方法是本领域技术人员已知的或例如在WO 2009/131237、WO 2011/043404、WO 2011/040629、WO 2010/125985、WO 2012/086848、WO 2013/018928、WO 2013/191113、WO 2013/180193和WO 2013/180194中所描述的。这样的方法是公知的并且已经描述于例如WO 2011/040629或WO 2009131237(X1是氧)、WO 2011088990或无机化学学报(Inorg.Chimica Acta),358(9),2701-2710;2005(X1是硫)和美国化学会志(J.Am.Chem.Soc.),132(5),1545-1557,2010或WO 2008128968(X1是NR3)中。具有化学式XIII的化合物(其中X1和R2是如上所定义的)的制备详细描述于例如WO 2015/000715中。
方案7
描述具有化学式XIII的化合物和具有化学式XIV的化合物之间向具有化学式I的化合物的反应的方法在方案8中进行了更详细的概述:
方案8
通过本领域普通技术人员已知的和描述于例如四面体(Tetrahedron),61(46),10827-10852,2005中的方法,将具有化学式XIV的化合物(其中A、R1、X和Q是如先前描述的)激活为具有化学式XIV-a的化合物(方案8)。例如其中X0是氯的化合物是通过在催化量的DMF的存在下,在惰性溶剂(例如二氯甲烷或THF)中,在20℃至100℃之间的温度(优选25℃)下用例如草酰氯或亚硫酰氯进行处理形成的。任选地在碱(例如三乙胺或吡啶)的存在下用具有化学式XIII的化合物(其中R2和X1是如在化学式I中所定义的)处理XIV-a产生具有化学式XV的化合物。可替代地,可以通过在惰性溶剂(例如吡啶或四氢呋喃(THF))中,任选地在碱(例如三乙胺)的存在下,在50℃-180℃之间的温度下,用二环己基碳二亚胺(DCC)或1-乙基-3-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺(EDC)处理具有化学式XIV的化合物,以给出被激活的种类XIV-a(其中X0分别是X01和X02)来制备具有化学式I的化合物。然后,这样获得的具有化学式XV的化合物可通过在酸催化剂(例如甲磺酸、或对甲苯磺酸)的存在下,在惰性溶剂(如N-甲基吡咯烷酮)中,在25℃-180℃之间(优选130℃-170℃)的温度下,进行脱水(例如通过在微波辐射下加热该化合物)被转化为具有化学式I的化合物。先前已经在WO 2010/125985中描述了这类方法。可替代地,在惰性溶剂(例如THF)中,在25℃-50℃之间的温度下,可使用三苯基膦、二异丙基偶氮二羧酸盐将具有化学式XV的化合物转化为具有化学式I的化合物(其中X1是O)。先前已经针对这类转化描述了这类光延反应(Mitsunobu)条件(参见WO2009/131237)。
以类似的方式(方案9),可以通过用活性剂(像例如草酰氯或亚硫酰氯)或碳二亚胺试剂与具有化学式XVI的化合物(其中A和Q具有对于化学式I所定义的值)进行反应以产生被激活的种类XVI-a,随后通过与具有化学式XIII的化合物(其中R2和X1是如在化学式I中所描述的)进行反应来制备具有化学式VI的化合物(其中Xb3是离去基团像例如氟、氯、溴或碘,或芳基-或烷基磺酸酯(例如三氟甲磺酸酯),或任何其他相似的离去基团)。该具有化学式XVII的中间体化合物可以是分离的,但优先地以与上文描述的用于将化合物XV转化为具有化学式I的化合物的相似的方式将其转化为具有化学式VI的化合物。
方案9
以与上文描述的相似的方式,可以通过将具有化学式XVIII的化合物,分别是具有化学式XVIII的化合物的活化形式XVIII-a(其中A是碳或氮,并且Xb3是离去基团像例如氟、氯、溴或碘,或芳基-或烷基磺酸盐(例如三氟甲磺酸酯)并且Xb4可以是卤素(优先是氯、溴或碘)或磺酸盐(像例如三氟甲磺酸酯),最优选是溴或碘)与具有化学式XIII的化合物(其中X1和R2是如在化学式I中所定义的)进行反应来制备具有化学式VIII的化合物(如描述在方案10中)。该具有化学式XIX的中间体化合物可以是分离的,但优先地以与上文描述的相似的方式(将化合物XV转化为具有化学式I的化合物)转化为具有化学式VIII的化合物。
方案10
可以如方案10a所述通过将具有化学式XX的化合物(其中A是CH或氮,并且Xb3a是离去基团,像例如硝基、氟、氯、溴或碘,或芳基磺酸酯或烷基磺酸酯如三氟甲磺酸酯,并且Xb4可以是卤素,优先为氯、溴或碘,或磺酸酯,像例如三氟甲磺酸酯,最优选溴或碘),与具有化学式VII的化合物(其中R1是如在化学式I中定义的,并且M是金属或非金属阳离子)反应来制备具有化学式XXI的化合物。在方案10a中,假定阳离子M是单价的,但也可以考虑与多于一个S-R1基团相关联的多价阳离子。优选的阳离子是例如锂、钠、钾或铯。该反应可以在溶剂(优选是极性非质子溶剂,如THF或MeCN)中,在-78℃和反应混合物的沸点之间的温度下进行。
方案10a
可以通过在酸性(例如,HCl或H2SO4)或碱性条件(例如,NaOH或KOH)下,如在方案10a中所述,在本领域技术人员已知的条件下水解具有化学式XXI的化合物来制备具有化学式XVIII-c的化合物。可以如方案10a所述通过将具有化学式XVIII-c的化合物,分别是具有化学式XVIII-c的化合物的活化形式XVIII-d与具有化学式XIII的化合物(其中X1和R2是如化学式I中所定义的)反应来制备具有化学式II-a2的化合物。该具有化学式XXII的中间体化合物可以是分离的,但优先地以与上文描述的相似的方式(将化合物XV转化为具有化学式I的化合物)转化为具有化学式II-a2的化合物。在具有化学式XXI、XVIII-c、XVIII-d、XXII和II-a2的化合物中,X可以是S、SO或SO2。可以通过具有化学式XXI、XVIII-c、XVIII-d、XXII和II-a2的化合物(其中X是S)的氧化反应来制备具有化学式XXI、XVIII-c、XVIII-d、XXII和II-a2的化合物中的硫原子的适当的氧化形式(其中X是SO或SO2)。该反应可以用试剂(像例如过酸(如过氧乙酸或间氯过氧化苯甲酸、或氢过氧化物(例如过氧化氢或叔丁基氢过氧化物)、或无机氧化剂(如单过氧焦硫酸盐或高锰酸钾),优选是间氯过氧化苯甲酸)进行反应。
可替代地,可以通过类似于文献中所述的方法制备具有化学式XVIII-c的化合物(其中X是S、SO或SO2)(方案10b)。例如,可以通过在本领域技术人员已知的条件下皂化具有化学式XXIV的化合物(其中RLG是C1-C4烷基)来制备具有化学式XVIII-c的化合物(其中X是S)(R1是如在化学式I中所定义的,A是N或CH,并且Xb4可以是卤素,优先是氯、溴或碘,或磺酸酯,例如三氟甲磺酸酯,最优选溴或碘)。
方案10b
可以通过在上述条件下用试剂M-S-R1(其中R1是如化学式I中所定义的并且M是金属或非金属阳离子)处理具有化学式XXIII的化合物(其中Xb3a是离去基团,像例如硝基、氟、氯、溴或碘,或芳基磺酸酯或烷基磺酸酯如三氟甲磺酸酯,并且其中RLG是C1-C4烷基)来制备具有化学式XXIV的化合物(其中RLG是C1-C4烷基)。涉及例如甲硫醇钠或乙硫醇钠作为试剂M-S-R1的这类方法是众所周知的,并且先前已在例如WO 2014/152738中进行了描述。可以使用本领域技术人员已知的并且例如在方案12中描述的方法将被具有化学式XXIV的化合物氧化为具有化学式XXIV-a的化合物,并且然后皂化成具有化学式XVIII-c的化合物(其中X是SO或SO2)。可替代地,首先可以将具有化学式XXIV的化合物皂化成具有化学式XVIII-c的化合物(其中X是S),并且然后氧化为具有化学式XVIII-c的化合物(其中X是SO或SO2)。具有化学式XXIII的化合物是商业化的或已经描述于WO 2012/086848中。
可以通过将具有化学式VIII的化合物(其中A、R2和X1是如在化学式I中所定义的,并且其中Xb3是离去基团像例如氟、氯、溴或碘,或芳基-或烷基磺酸酯(例如三氟甲磺酸酯),优先是氟或氯,并且其中Xb4是卤素(优先是氯、溴或碘)或磺酸酯(像例如三氟甲磺酸酯),最优选是溴或碘)与具有化学式VII的化合物(其中R1是如在化学式I中所定义的,并且M金属或非金属阳离子)进行反应来制备具有化学式II-a1的化合物(其中X是硫)(方案11)。在方案11中,假定阳离子M是单价的,但也可以考虑与多于一个S-R1基团相关联的多价阳离子。优选的阳离子是例如锂、钠、钾或铯。该反应可以在溶剂(优选是极性非质子溶剂)中,在低于0℃的温度或高至反应混合物的沸点的温度下进行。
方案11
可以通过将具有化学式II-a2的化合物(其中A、R1、R2和X1具有如在化学式I中所定义的值,并且X是-SO-,并且其中Xb4是卤素(优先是氯、溴或碘)或磺酸盐(像例如三氟甲磺酸酯))的氧化反应来制备具有化学式II-a3的化合物(其中A、R1、R2和X1具有如在化学式I中所定义的值,并且X是-SO2-,并且其中Xb4是卤素(优先是氯、溴或碘)或磺酸盐(例如三氟甲磺酸酯)(方案12)。该反应可以用试剂(像例如过酸(如过氧乙酸或间氯过氧化苯甲酸、或氢过氧化物(例如过氧化氢或叔丁基氢过氧化物)、或无机氧化剂(如单过氧焦硫酸盐或高锰酸钾),优选是间氯过氧化苯甲酸)进行反应。以相似的方式,可以通过将具有化学式II-a1的化合物(其中A、R1、R2和X1具有如在化学式I中所定义的值,并且X是-S-,并且其中Xb4是卤素(优先是氯、溴或碘)或磺酸盐(像例如三氟甲磺酸酯))的氧化反应来制备具有化学式II-a2的化合物(其中A、R1、R2和X1具有如在化学式I中所定义的值,并且X是-SO-,并且其中Xb4是卤素(优先是氯、溴或碘)或磺酸盐(像例如三氟甲磺酸酯)。这些反应可以在与这些条件相容的各种有机或水性溶剂中,以从低于0℃高至溶剂系统的沸点的温度进行。
方案12
许多具有化学式V和XI的化合物(其中Q具有如在化学式I中所定义的值,并且其中Xb2和Xb5是如上文所定义的)是可商购的或可以通过类似于在文献中描述的程序被本领域的技术人员获得的。
大量的具有化学式III的化合物是可商购的或可以由本领域普通技术人员制备。本领域普通技术人员熟知的许多化学转化可以被用于从多种多样和容易获得的起始材料开始(例如仅引用少量),在具有化学式III-a的杂芳香族化合物(其中Zb1是氢)与强碱(如丁基锂或二异丙基氨基锂或(i-PrMgCl,LiCl))氢提取(步骤A),随后将具有化学式III-b的金属化中间体(其中Zb2是金属(例如如Li+或MgCl+)与例如硼酸三烷基酯反应(步骤B)来获得化学式III的硼酸衍生物(方案13)。另一个获得具有化学式III-b的有机金属中间体的方法是从具有化学式III-a的化合物(其中Zb1是氯、溴或碘)与有机金属种类(像丁基锂或有机金属化合物)经金属-卤素交换,或直接用金属(像镁)金属化(步骤C)。
经双频哪醇二硼烷在具有化学式III-a的化合物(其中Zb1是氯、溴、碘或三氟甲磺酸酯)上的钯催化反应引入频哪醇硼酸盐官能团基团是另一个常用的策略(方案13,步骤D)。在方案13中的具有化学式III-a、III-b和III的化合物中,Q具有针对化学式I所定义的值。本领域技术人员将能够选择适当的制备方法以根据Q的值从化学式III-a获得具有化学式III的化合物。
方案13
在方案13中描述的相同制备方法可以应用于具有化学式IX的中间体的合成。
可以从具有化学式II的化合物(其中A、X、X1、R1和R2是如在化学式I中所描述的)制备具有化学式IV的化合物(其中A、X、X1、R1和R2是如在化学式I中所描述的)(方案14)。实际上,具有化学式II的化合物(其中Xb1是氯、溴或碘)可以经金属-卤素交换,用有机金属种类(像例如丁基锂或有机镁化合物)处理以产生具有化学式II-a的中间化合物(其中Zb3是如在方案中所定义的)。该反应优先地在无水非质子溶剂(例如THF),在低温度下(在-120℃和0℃之间)(优选地-110℃和-60℃在之间)进行。通过与硼酸酯化合物B(ORb2)3(其中Rb2是C1-C6烷基基团)反应,将具有化学式II-a的中间有机金属化合物优选地直接转化为具有化学式IV的化合物。取决于硼酸酯的性质、反应处理条件和处理条件,可以形成硼酸IV(其中Yb2是-B(OH)2)或二烷基硼酸酯IV(其中Yb2是-B(ORb2)2)。
经与双频哪醇乙硼烷B2Pin2的钯催化反应在具有化学式II(其中A、X、X1、R1和R2是如在化学式I中所定义的,并且其中Xb1是氯、溴、碘或三氟甲磺酸酯)化合物上引入频哪醇硼酸酯官能团是另一种常见的策略。产生环硼酸酯IV(其中Yb2是)的该反应可以在非质子溶剂中,在碱的存在下(优先是弱碱,例如乙酸钾KOAc)进行。[1,1′-双(二苯基膦基)二茂铁]二氯钯(II),也称为二氯化钯dppf或Pd(dppf)Cl2是用于这类反应的常见催化剂。该反应的温度优选地在0℃和反应混合物的沸点之间,或者可替代地,可以在微波辐射下进行加热。
方案14
这些反应物可以在碱的存在下发生反应。适合的碱的实例是碱金属或碱土金属氢氧化物、碱金属或碱土金属氢化物、碱金属或碱土金属酰胺、碱金属或碱土金属醇盐、碱金属或碱土金属乙酸盐、碱金属或碱土金属碳酸盐、碱金属或碱土金属二烷基酰胺或碱金属或碱土金属烷基甲硅烷基酰胺、烷基胺、亚烷基二胺、游离的或N-烷基化的饱和或不饱和的环烷基胺、碱性杂环、氢氧化铵以及碳环胺。可以提及的实例是氢氧化钠、氢化钠、氨基钠、甲醇钠、乙酸钠、碳酸钠、叔丁醇钾、氢氧化钾、碳酸钾、氢化钾、二异丙氨基锂、双(三甲基硅烷基)酰胺钾、氢化钙、三乙胺、二异丙基乙胺、三亚乙基二胺、环己胺、N-环己基-N,N-二甲胺、N,N-二乙苯胺、吡啶、4-(N,N-二甲氨基)吡啶、奎宁环、N-甲基吗啉、苄基三甲基铵氢氧化物以及1,8-二氮杂二环[5.4.0]十一-7-烯(DBU)。
这些反应物可以按照原样彼此进行反应,即:不用添加溶剂或稀释剂。然而,在大多数情况下,添加一种惰性溶剂或稀释剂或这些的混合物是有利的。如果该反应在碱的存在下进行,那么这些过量使用的碱(如三乙胺、吡啶、N-甲基吗啉或N,N-二乙苯胺)还可以充当溶剂或稀释剂。
该反应有利地是在从约-80℃到约+140℃,优选从约-30℃到约+100℃,在许多情况下在介于环境温度与约+80℃之间的温度下进行。
一种具有化学式I的化合物能以一种本身已知的方法转化为另一种具有化学式I的化合物,这是通过以常规方式将该起始的具有化学式I的化合物的一个或多个取代基用根据本发明的另一个或其他的一个或多个取代基的替代来实现的。
取决于所选的适合各自情况的反应条件以及起始材料,有可能例如,在一个反应步骤中仅将一个取代基用根据本发明的另一个取代基替代,或者在同一个反应步骤中可以将多个取代基用多个根据本发明的其他取代基来替代。
具有化学式I的这些化合物的盐能以本身已知的方式进行制备。因此,例如,具有化学式I的化合物的酸加成盐是通过用一种适合的酸或一种合适的离子交换试剂进行处理来获得的,并且与碱的盐是通过用一种适合的碱或用一种合适的离子交换试剂进行处理来获得的。
具有化学式I的化合物的盐能以常规方式转化为游离的化合物I、酸加成盐(例如通过用一种合适的碱性化合物或用一种合适的离子交换试剂进行处理)以及碱盐(例如通过用一种合适的酸或用一种合适的离子交换试剂进行处理)。
具有化学式I的化合物的盐能以一种本身已知的方式转化为具有化学式I的化合物的其他盐、酸加成盐,例如转变成为其他酸加成盐,例如通过在一种合适的溶剂中用一种酸的合适的金属盐(比如一种钠、钡或银盐,例如用乙酸银)来处理一种无机酸的盐(比如盐酸盐),在该溶剂中,所形成的一种无机盐(例如氯化银)是不溶的并且因此从该反应混合物中沉淀出。
取决于程序或反应条件,具有成盐特性的这些具有化学式I的化合物能以游离形式或盐的形式获得。
根据分子中存在的不对称碳原子的数目、绝对和相对构型和/或根据分子中存在的非芳香族双键的构型,在每种情况下为游离形式或为盐形式的具有化学式I的化合物和适当时其互变异构体可以可能的异构体之一的形式或作为其混合物存在,例如以纯异构体的形式,如对映体和/或非对映体,或作为异构体混合物,如对映异构体混合物,例如外消旋体、非对映体混合物或外消旋体混合物存在;本发明涉及纯异构体以及所有可能的异构体混合物,并且在上文和下文中都应如此理解,即使立体化学细节未在所有情况下明确提及。
处于游离形式或处于盐形式的具有化学式I的化合物的非对映异构体混合物或外消旋体混合物(它们的获得可以取决于已选定的起始材料和程序)能够在这些组分的物理化学差异的基础上,例如通过分步结晶、蒸馏和/或层析法以已知的方式分离成纯的非对映异构体或外消旋体。
能够以一种类似方式获得的对映异构体混合物(例如外消旋体)可以通过已知方法拆分成光学对映体,例如通过从一种光学活性溶剂再结晶;通过在手性吸附剂上的层析法,例如在乙酰纤维素上的高效液相层析法(HPLC);借助于合适的微生物,通过用特异性固定化酶裂解;通过形成包含化合物,例如使用手性冠醚,其中仅一个对映异构体被络合;或通过转化成非对映异构盐,例如通过使一种碱性最终产物外消旋体与一种光学活性酸(例如羧酸,例如樟脑酸、酒石酸或苹果酸或磺酸,例如樟脑磺酸)反应,并且分离能够以此方式获得的非对映异构体混合物,例如基于其不同溶解度通过分步结晶,从而获得非对映异构体,从这些非对映异构体可以通过合适的试剂(例如碱性试剂)的作用使所希望的对映异构体变成游离。
纯的非对映异构体或对映异构体能根据本发明来获得,不仅是通过分离合适的异构体混合物,还可以是通过普遍已知的非对映立体选择性或对映选择性合成的方法,例如通过根据本发明利用一种合适的立体化学的起始材料进行该方法。
可以通过使具有化学式I的化合物与适合的氧化剂(例如H2O2/尿素加合物)在酸酐(例如三氟乙酸酐)的存在下进行反应来制备N-氧化物。此类氧化反应从文献,例如从药物化学杂志(J.Med.Chem.)32(12),2561-73,1989或WO 00/15615中已知。
有利的是在每一情况中分离或合成生物学地更有效的异构体,例如对映异构体或非对映异构体或异构体混合物,例如对映异构体混合物或非对映异构体混合物,如果个别组分具有不同的生物活性。
具有化学式I的化合物和适当时其互变异构体(在每种情况下处于游离形式或处于盐形式)如果适当的话还能以水合物的形式获得和/或包括其他溶剂,例如可以用于使以固体形式存在的化合物结晶的那些。
根据以下表1到6的这些化合物可以根据上述的这些方法来制备。随后的这些实例旨在说明本发明并且展示优选的具有化学式I的化合物。
表X:该表披露了具有化学式I-1a的46个取代基定义X.001至X.046:
其中Ra1、R2和QRx如下定义:
表X:
以及表X的化合物的N-氧化物。
表1:该表披露了具有化学式I-1a的46个化合物1.001至1.046,其中Xa1是S,并且Ra1、R2、和QRx是如表X中所定义的。例如,化合物编号1.001具有以下结构:
表2:该表披露了具有化学式I-1a的46个化合物2.001至2.046,其中Xa1是SO,并且Ra1、R2、和QRx是如表X中所定义的。
表3:该表披露了具有化学式I-1a的46个化合物3.001至3.046,其中Xa1是SO2,并且Ra1、R2、和QRx是如表X中所定义的。
表Y:该表披露了具有化学式I-2a的46个取代基定义Y.001至Y.046:
其中Ra2、R2和QRx如下定义:
表Y:
以及表Y的化合物的N-氧化物。
表4:该表披露了具有化学式I-2a的46个化合物4.001至4.046,其中Xa2是S,并且Ra2、R2和QRx是如表Y中所定义的。
表5:该表披露了具有化学式I-2a的46个化合物5.001至5.046,其中Xa2是SO,并且Ra2、R2、和QRx是如表Y中所定义的。
表6:该表披露了具有化学式I-2a的46个化合物6.001至6.046,其中Xa2是SO2,并且Ra2、R2、和QRx是如表Y中所定义的。
根据本发明的具有化学式I的化合物在有害生物控制领域中是有预防和/或治疗价值的活性成分,即使是在低的施用量下,它们具有非常有利的杀生物谱并且是温血物种、鱼以及植物良好耐受的。根据本发明的这些活性成分作用于正常敏感的以及还有抗药的动物有害生物(如昆虫或蜱螨目的代表)的所有的或个别的发育阶段。根据本发明的活性成分的杀昆虫或杀螨活性可以本身直接显示,亦即或者立即或者仅在过去一些时间之后(例如在蜕皮期间)发生破坏有害生物;或间接显示,例如降低产卵和/或孵化率。
上述动物有害生物的实例是:
来自蜱螨目,例如,
下毛瘿螨属(Acalitus spp.)、针刺瘿螨属(Aculus spp)、窄瘿螨属(Acaricalusspp.)、瘤瘿螨属(Aceria spp.)、粗脚粉螨(Acarus siro)、钝眼蜱属(Amblyomma spp.)、锐缘蜱属(Argas spp.)、牛蜱属(Boophilus spp.)、短须螨属(Brevipalpus spp.)、苔螨属(Bryobia spp)、上三节瘿螨属(Calipitrimerus spp.)、皮螨属(Chorioptes spp.)、鸡皮刺螨(Dermanyssus gallinae)、表皮螨属(Dermatophagoides spp)、始叶螨属(Eotetranychus spp)、瘿螨属(Eriophyes spp.)、半跗线螨属(Hemitarsonemus spp)、璃眼蜱属(Hyalomma spp.)、硬蜱属(Ixodes spp.)、小爪螨属(Olygonychus spp)、钝缘蜱属(Ornithodoros spp.)、侧多食跗线螨(Polyphagotarsone latus)、全爪螨属(Panonychusspp.)、桔芸锈螨(Phyllocoptruta oleivora)、植食螨(Phytonemus spp.)、跗线螨属(Polyphagotarsonemus spp)、痒螨属(Psoroptes spp.)、扇头蜱属(Rhipicephalusspp.)、根嗜螨属(Rhizoglyphus spp.)、疥螨属(Sarcoptes spp.)、狭跗线螨属(Steneotarsonemus spp)、跗线属(Tarsonemus spp.)以及叶螨属(Tetranychus spp.);
来自虱目,例如,
血虱属、长颚虱属、人虱属、天疱疮属以及木虱属;
来自鞘翅目,例如,
缺隆叩甲属(Agriotes spp.)、欧洲鳃角金龟(Amphimallon majale)、东方异丽金龟(Anomala orientalis)、花象属(Anthonomus spp.)、蜉金龟属(Aphodius spp)、玉米拟花萤(Astylus atromaculatus)、Ataenius属、甜菜隐食甲(Atomaria linearis)、甜菜胫跳甲(Chaetocnema tibialis)、萤叶甲属(Cerotoma spp)、单叶叩甲属(Conoderus spp)、根颈象属(Cosmopolites spp.)、绿金龟(Cotinisnitida)、象虫属(Curculio spp.)、圆头犀金龟属(Cyclocephala spp)、圆头犀金龟属(Dermestes spp.)、根萤叶甲属(Diabroticaspp.)、阿根廷兜虫(Diloboderus abderus)、食植瓢虫属(Epilachna spp.)、Eremnus属、黑异爪蔗金龟(Heteronychus arator)、咖啡果小蠹(Hypothenemus hampei)、Lagriavilosa、马铃薯甲虫(Leptinotarsa decemLineata)、稻水象属(Lissorhoptrus spp.)、Liogenys属、Maecolaspis属、栗色绒金龟(Maladera castanea)、美洲叶甲亚种(Megascelis spp)、油菜花露尾甲(Melighetes aeneus)、金龟属(Melolontha spp.)、Myochrous armatus、锯谷盗属(Orycaephilus spp.)、耳喙象属(Otiorhynchus spp.)、鳃角金龟属(Phyllophaga spp)、斑象属(Phlyctinus spp.)、丽金龟属(Popillia spp.)、油菜跳甲属(Psylliodes spp.)、Rhyssomatus aubtilis、劫根蠹属(Rhizopertha spp.)、金龟子科(Scarabeidae)、米象属(Sitophilus spp.)、麦蛾属(Sitotroga spp.)、伪切根虫属(Somaticus spp)、Sphenophorus属、大豆茎象(Sternechus subsignatus)、拟步行虫属(Tenebrio spp.)、拟谷盗属(Tribolium spp.)以及斑皮蠹属(Trogoderma spp.);
来自双翅目,例如,
伊蚊属(Aedes spp.)、疟蚊属(Anopheles spp)、高梁芒蝇(Antherigonasoccata.)、橄榄果实蝇(Bactrocea oleae)、花园毛蚊(Bibio hortulanus)、迟眼蕈蚊属(Bradysia spp.)、红头丽蝇(Calliphora erythrocephala)、小条实蝇属(Ceratitisspp.)、金蝇属(Chrysomyia spp.)、库蚊属(Culex spp.)、黄蝇属(Cuterebra spp.)、寡鬃实蝇属(Dacus spp.)、地种蝇属(Delia spp)、黑腹果蝇(Drosophilamelanogaster)、厕蝇属(Fannia spp.)、胃蝇属(Gastrophilus spp.)、Geomyza tripunctata、舌蝇属(Glossinaspp.)、皮蝇属(Hypoderma spp.)、虱蝇属(Hyppobosca spp.)、斑潜蝇属(Liriomyzaspp.)、绿蝇属(Lucilia spp.)、潜蝇属(Melanagromyza spp.)、家蝇属(Musca spp.)、狂蝇属(Oestrus spp.)、瘿蚊属(Orseolia spp.)、瑞典麦秆蝇(Oscinella frit)、藜泉蝇(Pegomyia hyoscyami)、草种蝇属(Phorbia spp.)、绕实蝇属(Rhagoletis spp)、Riveliaquadrifasciata、Scatella属、蕈蚊属(Sciara spp.)、刺蝇属(Stomoxys spp.)、虻属(Tabanus spp.)、绦虫属(Tannia spp.)以及大蚊属(Tipula spp.);
来自半翅目,例如,
瘤缘蝽(Acanthocoris scabrator)、绿蝽属、苜蓿盲蝽、Amblypeltanitida、海虾盾缘蝽(Bathycoelia thalassina)、土长蝽属、臭虫属、Clavigralla tomentosicollis、盲蝽属(Creontiades spp.)、可可瘤盲蝽、Dichelops furcatus、棉红蝽属、Edessa属、美洲蝽属(Euchistus spp.)、六斑菜蝽(Eurydema pulchrum)、扁盾蝽属、茶翅蝽、具凹巨股长蝽(Horciasnobilellus)、稻缘蝽属、草盲蝽属、热带硕蚧属、卷心菜斑色蝽(Murgantiahistrionic)、Neomegalotomus属、烟盲蝽(Nesidiocoris tenuis)、绿蝽属、拟长蝽(Nysiussimulans)、海岛蝽象(Oebalus insularis)、皮蝽属、壁蝽属、红猎蝽属、可可盲蝽象、栗土蝽(Scaptocoris castanea)、黑蝽属(Scotinophara spp.)、Thyanta属、锥鼻虫属、木薯网蝽(Vatiga illudens);
无网长管蚜属、Adalges属、Agalliana ensigera、塔尔吉隆脉木虱(Agonoscenatargionii)、粉虱属(Aleurodicus spp.)、Aleurocanthus属、甘蔗穴粉虱、软毛粉虱(Aleurothrixus floccosus)、甘蓝粉虱(Aleyrodes brassicae)、棉叶蝉(Amarascabiguttula)、檬果长突叶蝉(Amritodus atkinson)、肾圆盾蚧属、蚜科、蚜属、蚧属(Aspidiotus spp.)、茄沟无网蚜、马铃薯木虱(Bactericera cockerelli)、小粉虱属、Brachycaudus属、甘蓝蚜、喀木虱属、双尾蚜(Cavariella aegopodii Scop.)、蜡蚧属、褐圆蚧、网籽草叶圆蚧、Cicadella属、大白叶蝉(Cofana spectra)、隐瘤蚜属、Cicadulina属、褐软蚧、玉米黄翅叶蝉、裸粉虱属、柑橘木虱、麦双尾蚜、西圆尾蚜属、小绿叶蝉属、苹果绵蚜、葡萄斑叶蝉属、蜡蛤属、赤桉木虱(Glycaspis brimblecombei)、菜缢管蚜、Hyalopterus属、超瘤蚜种、檬果绿叶蝉(Idioscopus clypealis)、非洲叶蝉(Jacobiasca lybica)、灰飞虱属、球坚蚧、蛎盾蚧属、萝卜蚜(Lopaphis erysimi)、Lyogenys maidis、长管蚜属、沫蝉属(Mahanarva spp.)、蛾蜡蝉科(Metcalfa pruinosa)、麦无网蚜、麦蜡蝉(Myndus crudus)、瘤蚜属、台湾韭蚜、黑尾叶蝉属、褐飞虱属(Nilaparvata spp.)、梨大绿蚜、狗牙根草芥壳虫(Odonaspis ruthae)、寄生甘蔗绵蚜、杨梅缘粉虱、考氏木虱、片盾蚧属、瘿绵蚜属、玉米蜡蝉、扁角飞虱属、忽布疣蚜、根瘤蚜属、动性球菌属、白盾蚧属、粉蚧属、棉盲蝽(Pseudatomoscelis seriatus)、木虱属、棉蚧(Pulvinaria aethiopica)、笠圆盾蚧属、Quesada gigas、电光叶蝉(Recilia dorsalis)、缢管蚜属、黑盔蚧属、带叶蝉属、二叉蚜属、麦蚜属(Sitobion spp.)、白背飞虱、Spissistilus festinus、条斑飞虱(TarophagusProserpina)、声蚜属、粉虱属、Tridiscus sporoboli、葵粉蚧属(Trionymus spp.)、非洲木虱、桔矢尖蚧、Zygina flammigera、Zyginidia scutellaris;
来自膜翅目,例如,
顶切叶蚁属(Acromyrmex)、三节叶蜂属(Arge spp.)、布切叶白蚁属(Atta spp.)、茎叶蜂属(Cephus spp.)、松叶蜂属(Diprion spp.)、锯角叶蜂科(Diprionidae)、松叶蜂(Gilpinia polytoma)、梨实蜂属(Hoplocampa spp.)、毛蚁属(Lasius spp.)、小黄家蚁(Monomorium pharaonis)、新松叶蜂属(Neodiprion spp.)、农蚁属(Pogonomyrmex spp)、Slenopsis invicta、水蚁属(Solenopsis spp.)以及胡蜂属(Vespa spp.);
来自等翅目,例如,
家白蚁属、白蚁(Corniternes cumulans)、楹白蚁属、大白蚁属、澳白蚁属、小白蚁属、散白蚁属、热带火蚁
来自鳞翅目,例如,
长翅卷蛾属、褐带卷蛾属、透翅蛾属、地夜蛾属、棉叶虫、Amylois spp.、黎豆夜蛾、黄卷蛾属、银蛾属(Argyresthia spp.)、带卷蛾属、丫纹夜蛾属、棉潜蛾、玉米楷夜蛾、粉斑螟蛾、桃蛀果蛾、禾草螟属、卷叶蛾属、越蔓桔草螟(Chrysoteuchia topiaria)、葡萄果蠹蛾、卷叶螟属、云卷蛾属、纹卷蛾属、鞘蛾属、大菜螟、苹果异形小卷蛾、小卷蛾属、杆草螟属、苏丹棉铃虫、金刚钻属、粉螟属、花小卷蛾属、环针单纹蛾、黄毒蛾属、切夜蛾属、小食心虫属、绿青虫蛾、实夜蛾属、菜螟、美国白蛾、番茄蠹蛾、旋纹潜叶蛾、潜叶细蛾属、葡萄花翅小卷蛾、毒蛾属、潜蛾属、幕枯叶蛾属、甘蓝夜蛾、烟草天蛾、秋尺蛾属、欧洲玉米螟、超小卷蛾属、褐卷蛾属、小眼夜蛾、棉红铃虫、马铃薯麦蛾、菜粉蝶、粉蝶属、小菜蛾、芽蛾属、白禾螟属、蛀茎夜蛾属、长须卷蛾属、灰翅夜蛾属、兴透翅蛾属、异舟蛾属、卷叶蛾属、粉纹夜蛾以及巢蛾属;
来自食毛目,例如,
畜虱属和啮毛虱属;
来自直翅目,例如,
蠊属、小蠊属、蝼蛄属、马德拉蜚蠊、飞蝗属、美国蝼蛄(Neocurtillahexadactyla)、大蠊属、痣蟋蟀属(Scapteriscus spp.)、以及沙漠蝗属;
来自啮虫目,例如,
虱啮属(Liposcelis spp);
来自蚤目,例如,
角叶蚤属、栉头蚤属和印鼠客蚤;
来自缨翅目,例如,
Calliothrips phaseoli、花蓟马属、阳蓟马属、褐带蓟马属、单亲蓟马属(Parthenothrips spp.)、橙花苷硬蓟马(Scirtothrips aurantii)、豆蓟马(Sericothripsvariabilis)、带蓟马属、蓟马属;
来自缨尾目,例如,衣鱼(Lepisma saccharina)。
根据本发明的活性成分可用于控制、也就是遏制或破坏上述类型的有害生物,这些有害生物特别出现在植物上,尤其是在农业中、在园艺中以及在林业中的有用的植物和观赏植物上,或者在这些植物的器官上,例如果实、花、叶、茎、块茎或根,并且在一些情况下,甚至在一个随后的时间点形成的植物器官仍保持受保护抵抗这些有害生物。
适合的目标作物具体是谷物,例如小麦、大麦、黑麦、燕麦、水稻、玉米或高粱;甜菜,例如糖用甜菜或饲料甜菜;水果,例如苹果类水果、核果类水果或无核水果,例如苹果、梨、李子、桃、杏仁、樱桃或浆果,例如草莓、覆盆子或黑莓;豆科作物,例如蚕豆、小扁豆、豌豆或大豆;油料作物,例如油菜、芥菜、罂粟、橄榄、向日葵、椰子、蓖麻、可可或落花生;葫芦,例如南瓜、黄瓜或甜瓜;纤维植物,例如棉花、亚麻、大麻或黄麻;柑桔类水果,例如橙子、柠檬、葡萄柚或橘子;蔬菜,例如菠菜、莴苣、芦笋、甘蓝、胡萝卜、洋葱、蕃茄、马铃薯或铃状椒;樟科植物,例如鳄梨、肉桂或樟脑;以及还有烟草、坚果、咖啡、茄子、甘蔗、茶叶、胡椒、葡萄树、蛇麻子、车前科以及产胶植物。
本发明的组合物和/或方法还可以用在任何观赏植物和/或蔬菜作物(包括花、灌木、阔叶树和常绿植物)上。
例如,本发明可以用于任何以下观赏植物物种:藿香蓟属(Ageratum spp.)、心叶假面花属(Alonsoa spp.)、银莲花属、南非葵属坎普森斯(Anisodontea capsenisis)、春黄菊属、金鱼草、紫菀属、秋海棠属(例如,丽格海棠(B.elatior)、四季海棠(B.semperflorens)、土柏瑞海棠(B.tubéreux))、叶子花属、屈曲叶短毛菌属、芸苔属(观赏)、蒲包花属(Calceolaria spp.)、甜辣椒、长春花属、美人蕉属、矢车菊属、菊属、瓜叶菊属(瓜叶菊海事(C.maritime))、金鸡菊属、红景天、火红萼距花、大丽花属、翠雀属(Delphinium spp.)、荷包牡丹(Dicentra spectabilis)、Dorotheantus属、洋桔梗、连翘属、倒挂金钟属、天竺葵鼠曲草、非洲菊属、千日红、天芥菜属、向日葵属、木槿属、霍滕西亚属(Hortensia spp.)、绣球花属、嫣红蔓(Hypoestes phyllostachya)、凤仙属(非洲凤仙花)、爱瑞丝(Iresines spp)、高凉菜属(Kalanchoe spp.)、马缨丹(Lantana camara)、三月花葵(Lavatera trimestris)、狮耳花、百合属、番杏科肉质植物属(Mesembryanthemumspp.)、猴面花属、美国薄荷属、龙面花属、万寿菊属、石竹属(康乃馨)、美人蕉属、加州酢浆草属(Oxalis spp.)、雏菊属(Bellis spp.)、天竺葵属(Pelargonium spp.)(盾叶天竺葵(P.peltatum)、天竺葵(P.Zonale))、堇菜属(Viola spp.)(三色堇)、矮牵牛属(Petuniaspp.)、草夹竹桃属(Phlox spp.)、香茶菜属(Plecthranthus spp.)、一品红(Poinsettiaspp.)、爬山属虎(北美爬山虎(P.quinquefolia)、地锦(P.tricuspidata))、报春属(Primula spp.)、毛茛属(Ranunculus spp.)、杜鹃属(Rhododendron spp.)、蔷薇属(玫瑰)、金光菊属、紫罗兰属、鼠尾草属、紫扇花(Scaevola aemola)、蛾蝶花(Schizanthuswisetonensis)、景天属、茄属、素菲妮属(Surfinia spp.)、万寿菊属(Tagetes spp.)、尼口缇娜属(Nicotinia spp.)、马鞭草属、菰属(Zinnia spp.)以及其他花坛植物。
例如,本发明可以用于任何以下蔬菜物种:葱属(大蒜、洋葱、火葱(A.oschaninii)、韭葱、冬葱、大葱)、雪维菜、芹菜属(Apium graveolus)、天门冬属、甜菜、芸苔属(Brassica spp.)(甘蓝、大白菜、芜青)、甜辣椒(Capsicum annuum)、鹰嘴豆、苣荬菜、毛菊苣(Cichorum spp.)(菊苣、苦苣)、西瓜、黄瓜属(黄瓜、西瓜(C.Melo))、南瓜属(西葫芦、笋瓜)、菜蓟属(菜蓟、刺苞菜蓟)、胡萝卜、茴香、金丝桃属、莴苣属、番茄属(番茄、樱桃番茄)、薄荷属、罗勒属(Ocimum basilicum)、香芹(Petroselinum crispum)、菜豆属(菜豆、多花菜豆)、豌豆、萝卜(Raphanus sativus)、食用大黄、迷迭香属、鼠尾草属(Salvia spp.)、鸦葱(Scorzonera hispanica)、茄子(Solanum melongena)、石竹目、新缬草属属(Valerianella spp.)(野苣、棉毛岩(V.eriocarpa))和蚕豆。
优选的观赏物种包括非洲紫罗兰、秋海棠、大丽花、非洲菊、八仙花、马鞭草、蔷薇、金盏花、一品红、紫菀、矢车菊、金鸡菊类、翠雀属、美国薄荷属、草夹竹桃、黄雏菊、景天、矮牵牛花、堇菜属、凤仙花、天竺葵、菊花、毛茛属植物、倒挂金钟、鼠尾草、霍滕西亚、迷迭香、鼠尾草、圣约翰草(St.Johnswort)、薄荷、甜椒、番茄和黄瓜。
根据本发明的这些活性成分尤其适合于控制棉花、蔬菜、玉米、水稻以及大豆作物上的扁豆蚜、黄瓜条叶甲、烟芽夜蛾、桃蚜、小菜蛾以及海灰翅夜蛾。根据本发明的这些活性成分另外尤其适合于控制甘蓝夜蛾(优选地在蔬菜上)、苹果蠹蛾(优选地在苹果上)、小绿叶蝉(优选地在蔬菜、葡萄园里)、马铃薯叶甲(优选地在马铃薯上)以及二化螟(优选地在水稻上)。
在另一个方面,本发明还可涉及控制由植物寄生的线虫(内寄生的-、半内寄生的-以及外寄生的线虫)对植物或其部分引起损害的一种方法,尤其是以下植物寄生的线虫,如根结线虫(root knot nematodes)、北方根结线虫(Meloidogyne hapla)、南方根结线虫(Meloidogyne incognita)、爪哇根结线虫(Meloidogyne javanica)、花生根结线虫(Meloidogyne arenaria)以及其他根结线虫属种类(Meloidogyne species);孢囊形成线虫(cyst-forming nematodes)、马铃薯金线虫(Globodera rostochiensis)以及其他球孢囊线虫属种类(Globodera species);禾谷孢囊线虫(Heterodera avenae)、大豆胞囊线虫(Heterodera glycines)、甜菜胞囊线虫(Heterodera schachtii)、红三叶异皮线虫(Heterodera trifolii)、以及其他异皮线虫属种类(Heterodera species);种瘿线虫(Seed gall nematodes)、粒线虫属种类(Anguina species);茎及叶面线虫(Stem andfoliar nematodes)、滑刃线虫属种类(Aphelenchoides species);刺毛线虫(Stingnematodes)、长尾刺线虫(Belonolaimus longicaudatus)以及其他刺线虫属种类;松树线虫(Pine nematodes)、松材线虫(Bursaphelenchus xylophilus)以及其他伞滑刃属种类(Bursaphelenchus species);环形线虫(Ring nematodes)、环线虫属种类(Criconemaspecies)、小环线虫属种类(Criconemella species)、轮线虫属种类(Criconemoidesspecies)、中环线虫属种类(Mesocriconema species);茎及鳞球茎线虫(Stem and bulbnematodes)、腐烂茎线虫(Ditylenchus destructor)、鳞球茎茎线虫(Ditylenchusdipsaci)以及其他茎线虫属种类(Ditylenchus species);锥线虫(Awl nematodes)、锥线虫属种类(Dolichodorus species);螺旋线虫(Spiral nematodes)、多头螺旋线虫(Heliocotylenchus multicinctus)以及其他螺旋线虫属种类(Helicotylenchusspecies);鞘及鞘形线虫(Sheath and sheathoid nematodes)、鞘线虫属种类(Hemicycliophora species)以及半轮线虫属种类(Hemicriconemoides species);潜根线虫属种类(Hirshmanniella species);支线虫(Lance nematodes)、冠线虫属种类(Hoploaimus species);假根结线虫(false rootknot nematodes)、珍珠线虫属种类(Nacobbus species);针状线虫(Needle nematodes)、横带长针线虫(Longidoruselongatus)以及其他长针线虫属种类(Longidorus species);大头针线虫(Pinnematodes)、短体线虫属种类(Pratylenchus species);腐线虫(Lesion nematodes)、花斑短体线虫(Pratylenchus neglectus)、穿刺短体线虫(Pratylenchus penetrans)、弯曲短体线虫(Pratylenchus curvitatus)、古氏短体线虫(Pratylenchus goodeyi)以及其他短体线虫属种类(Pratylenchus species);柑桔穿孔线虫(Burrowing nematodes)、香蕉穿孔线虫(Radopholus similis)以及其他内侵线虫属种类(Radopholus species);肾形线虫(Reniform nematodes)、罗柏氏盘旋线虫(Rotylenchus robustus)、肾形盘旋线虫(Rotylenchus reniformis)以及其他盘旋线虫属种类(Rotylenchus species);盾线虫属种类(Scutellonema species);短粗根线虫(Stubby root nematodes)、原始毛刺线虫(Trichodorus primitivus)以及其他毛刺线虫属种类(Trichodorus species)、拟毛刺线虫属种类(Paratrichodorus species);矮化线虫(Stunt nematodes)、马齿苋矮化线虫(Tylenchorhynchus claytoni)、顺逆矮化线虫(Tylenchorhynchus dubius)以及其他矮化线虫属种类(Tylenchorhynchus species);柑桔线虫(Citrus nematodes)、穿刺线虫属种类(Tylenchulus species);短剑线虫(Dagger nematodes)、剑线虫属种类(Xiphinemaspecies);以及其他植物寄生的线虫种类,如亚粒线虫属(Subanguina spp.)、Hypsoperine属、大刺环线虫属(Macroposthonia spp.)、Melinius属、刻点胞囊属(Punctodera spp.)、以及五沟线虫属(Quinisulcius spp.)。
本发明的这些化合物还具有针对软体动物的活性。这些软体动物的实例包括,例如苹果螺科;阿勇蛞蝓属(Arion)(灰黑阿勇蛞蝓(A.ater)、环斑阿勇蛞蝓(A.circumscriptus)、庭院阿勇蛞蝓(A.hortensis)、红棕阿勇蛞蝓(A.rufus));巴蜗牛科(灌木巴蜗牛(Bradybaena fruticum));蜗牛属(庭院蜗牛(C.hortensis),森林蜗牛(C.nemoralis));ochlodina;灰蛞蝓属(Deroceras)(野灰蛞蝓(D.agrestis)、D.empiricorum、田灰蛞蝓(D.laeve)、庭园灰蛞蝓(D.reticulatum));圆盘螺属(Discus)(D.rotundatus);Euomphalia;土蜗属(Galba)(截形土蜗(G.trunculata));小蜗牛属(Helicelia)(伊塔拉小蜗牛(H.itala)、布维小蜗牛(H.obvia));大蜗牛科Helicigonaarbustorum);Helicodiscus;大蜗牛属(Helix)(开放大蜗牛(H.aperta));蛞蝓属(Limax)(灰黑蛞蝓(L.cinereoniger)、黄蛞蝓(L.flavus),边缘蛞蝓(L.marginatus),大蛞蝓(L.maximus),柔蛞蝓(L.tenellus));椎实螺属(Lymnaea);Milax(M.gagates、M.marginatus、M.sowerbyi);钻螺属(Opeas);瓶螺属(Pomacea)(P.canaticulata);瓦娄蜗牛属(Vallonia)和Zanitoides。
术语“作物”应理解为还包括通过使用重组DNA技术进行了转化而能够合成一种或多种选择性作用毒素的作物植物,这些毒素例如已知,例如来自产毒素的细菌,尤其是芽孢杆菌属的那些。
可通过所述转基因植物表达的毒素包括,例如杀昆虫蛋白质,例如杀昆虫蛋白质,例如来自于枯草芽孢杆菌或日本甲虫芽孢杆菌的杀昆虫蛋白质;或来自于苏云金芽孢杆菌的杀昆虫蛋白质,例如δ-内毒素,例如Cry1Ab、Cry1Ac、Cry1F、Cry1Fa2、Cry2Ab、Cry3A、Cry3Bb1或Cry9C,或营养期杀昆虫蛋白(Vip),例如Vip1、Vip2、Vip3或Vip3A;或线虫寄生性细菌的杀昆虫蛋白质,例如光杆状茵属或致病杆菌属,例如发光光杆状茵、嗜线虫致病杆菌;由动物产生的毒素,例如蝎毒素、蜘蛛毒素、黄蜂毒素和其他昆虫特异性神经毒素;由真菌产生的毒素,例如链霉菌毒素;植物凝集素,例如豌豆凝集素、大麦凝集素或雪花莲凝集素;凝集素类;蛋白酶抑制剂,例如胰蛋白酶抑制剂、丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂、马铃薯贮存蛋白(patatin)、半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂、木瓜蛋白酶抑制剂;核糖体失活蛋白(RIP),例如蓖麻蛋白、玉米-RIP、相思豆毒蛋白、丝瓜籽毒蛋白、皂草毒素蛋白或异株泻根毒蛋白;类固醇代谢酶,例如3羟基类固醇氧化酶、蜕皮类固醇-UDP-糖基-转移酶、胆固醇氧化酶、蜕皮激素抑制剂、HMG-COA-还原酶,离子通道阻断剂,例如钠通道或钙通道阻断剂,保幼激素酯酶,利尿激素受体、茋合酶、联苄合酶、几丁酶和葡聚糖酶。
在本发明背景下,δ-内毒素例如Cry1Ab、Cry1Ac、Cry1F、Cry1Fa2、Cry2Ab、Cry3A、Cry3Bb1或Cry9C,或营养期杀昆虫蛋白(Vip),例如Vip1、Vip2、Vip3或Vip3A应理解为显然还包括混合型毒素、截短的毒素和经修饰的毒素。混合型毒素是通过那些蛋白的不同区域的新组合重组产生的(参见,例如WO 02/15701)。截短的毒素例如截短的Cry1Ab是已知的。在经修饰毒素的情况下,天然产生的毒素的一个或多个氨基酸被置换。在这种氨基酸置换中,优选将非天然存在的蛋白酶识别序列插入毒素中,例如在Cry3A055的情况下,一种组织蛋白酶-G-识别序列被插入Cry3A毒素(参见WO 03/018810)。
这样的毒素或能够合成这样的毒素的转基因植物的实例披露于例如EP-A-0 374753、WO 93/07278、WO 95/34656、EP-A-0 427 529、EP-A-451 878以及WO 03/052073中。
用于制备这样的转基因植物的方法对于本领域的普通技术人员是已知的并且描述在例如以上提及的公开物中。CryI-型脱氧核糖核酸及其制备例如从WO 95/34656、EP-A-0 367 474、EP-A-0 401 979以及WO 90/13651中已知。
包括在转基因植物中的毒素使得植物对有害昆虫有耐受性。这些昆虫可以存在于任何昆虫分类群,但尤其是通常在甲虫(鞘翅目)、双翅昆虫(双翅目)和蛾(鳞翅目)中发现。
包含一种或多种编码杀昆虫剂抗性并且表达一种或多种毒素的基因的转基因植物是已知的并且其中一些是可商购的。此类植物的实例为: (玉米品种,表达Cry1Ab毒素);YieldGard(玉米品种,表达Cry3Bb1毒素);YieldGard(玉米品种,表达Cry1Ab以及Cry3Bb1毒素);(玉米品种,表达Cry9C毒素);Herculex(玉米品种,表达Cry1Fa2毒素以及实现对除草剂草丁膦铵的耐受性的酶膦丝菌素N-乙酰转移酶(PAT));NuCOTN(棉花品种,表达Cry1Ac毒素);Bollgard(棉花品种,表达Cry1Ac毒素);Bollgard(棉花品种,表达Cry1Ac和Cry2Ab毒素);(棉花品种,表达Vip3A和Cry1Ab毒素);(马铃薯品种,表达Cry3A毒素); GT Advantage(GA21耐草甘膦性状),CB Advantage(Bt11玉米螟(CB)性状)以及
这样的转基因作物的其他实例是:
1.Bt11玉米,来自先正达种子公司(Syngenta Seeds SAS),霍比特路(Chemin del’Hobit)27,F-31 790圣苏维尔(St.Sauveur),法国,登记号C/FR/96/05/10。遗传修饰的玉蜀黍,通过转基因表达截短的Cry1Ab毒素,使之能抵抗欧洲玉米螟(玉米螟和粉茎螟)的侵袭。Bt11玉米还转基因地表达PAT酶以达到对除草剂草丁膦铵盐的耐受性。
2.Bt176玉米,来自先正达种子公司,霍比特路27,F-31 790圣苏维尔,法国,登记号C/FR/96/05/10。遗传修饰的玉蜀黍,通过转基因表达Cry1Ab毒素,使之能抵抗欧洲玉米螟(玉米螟和粉茎螟)的侵袭。Bt176玉米还转基因地表达PAT酶以达到对除草剂草丁膦铵盐的耐受性。
3.MIR604玉米,来自先正达种子公司,霍比特路27,F-31 790圣苏维尔,法国,登记号C/FR/96/05/10。通过转基因表达经修饰的Cry3A毒素使之具有昆虫抗性的玉米。此毒素是通过插入组织蛋白酶-G-蛋白酶识别序列而经修饰的Cry3A055。此类转基因玉米植物的制备描述于WO 03/018810中。
4.MON 863玉米,来自孟山都欧洲公司(Monsanto Europe S.A.)270-272特弗伦大道(Avenue de Tervuren),B-1150布鲁塞尔(Brussels),比利时,登记号C/DE/02/9。MON863表达Cry3Bb1毒素,并且对某些鞘翅目昆虫有抗性。
5.IPC 531棉花,来自孟山都欧洲公司,270-272特弗伦大道,B-1150布鲁塞尔,比利时,登记号C/ES/96/02。
6. 1507玉米,来自先锋海外公司(Pioneer Overseas Corporation),特德斯科大道(Avenue Tedesco),7B-1160布鲁塞尔,比利时,登记号C/NL/00/10。遗传改性的玉米,表达蛋白质Cry1F以获得对某些鳞翅目昆虫的抗性,并且表达PAT蛋白质以获得对除草剂草丁膦铵盐的耐受性。
7.NK603×MON 810玉米,来自孟山都欧洲公司(Monsanto Europe S.A.),270-272特弗伦大道,B1150布鲁塞尔,比利时,登记号C/GB/02/M3/03。通过将遗传修饰的品种NK603和MON 810杂交,由常规育种的杂交玉米品种构成。NK603×MON 810玉米转基因表达由土壤杆菌属菌株CP4获得的CP4 EPSPS蛋白质,使之耐除草剂(含有草甘膦),以及由苏云金芽孢杆菌库尔斯塔克亚种获得的Cry1Ab毒素,使之耐某些鳞翅目昆虫,包括欧洲玉米螟。
抗昆虫的植物的转基因作物还描述于BATS(生物安全与可持续发展中心(Zentrumfür Biosicherheit und Nachhaltigkeit),BATS中心(Zentrum BATS),克拉斯崔舍(Clarastrasse)13,巴塞尔(Basel)4058,瑞士)报告2003(http://bats.ch)中。
术语“作物”应当被理解为还包括已经通过使用重组DNA技术而被这样转化使其能够合成具有选择性作用的抗病原物质的作物,这些抗病原物质例如所谓的“病程相关蛋白”(PRP,参见例如EP-A-0 392 225)。此类抗病原物质以及能够合成此类抗病原物质的转基因植物的实例例如从EP-A-0 392 225、WO 95/33818和EP-A-0 353 191是已知的。生产这些转基因植物的这些方法对于本领域的技术人员是普遍已知的并且描述在例如以上提及的公开物中。
作物也可以经修饰以增加对真菌(例如镰刀霉、炭疽病或疫霉菌)、细菌(例如假单胞菌)或病毒(例如马铃薯卷叶病毒、番茄斑萎病毒、黄瓜花叶病毒)病原体的抗性。
作物还包括那些具有对线虫(如大豆异皮线虫)的增加的抗性的作物。
具有对非生物性胁迫的耐受力的作物包括那些例如通过NF-YB或本领域中已知的其他蛋白质的表达具有对干旱、高盐、高温、寒冷、霜或光辐射的增加的耐受力的作物。
可以由此类转基因植物表达的抗病原物质包括,例如,离子通道阻断剂(例如钠和钙通道阻断剂,像病毒的KP1、KP4或KP6毒素);芪合酶;联苄合酶;几丁质酶;葡聚糖酶;所谓的“病程相关蛋白”(PRP,参见例如EP-A-0 392 225);由微生物产生的抗病原物质,例如涉及植物病原体防御的肽抗生素或杂环类抗生素(参见例如WO 95/33818)或蛋白质或多肽因子(所谓的“植物疾病抗性基因”,如描述于WO 03/000906中的)。
根据本发明的组合物的其他使用领域是保护所储存的货物和储藏室并且保护原材料,例如木材、纺织品、地板或建筑物,以及在卫生部门中,尤其是保护人类、家畜以及多产的牲畜免遭所提及类型的有害生物。
本发明还提供了一种用于控制害虫(如蚊科和其他的疾病媒介物;同样参见http://www.who.int/malaria/vector_control/irs/en/)的方法。在一个实施例中,用于控制有害生物的方法包括通过涂刷、轧制、喷雾、涂布或浸渍,向目标有害生物、它们的场所或表面或基质施用本发明的组合物。通过举例,通过本发明的方法预期了表面(如墙、天花板或地板表面)的IRS(室内滞留喷雾)施用。在另一个实施例中,预期了将此类组合物施用于基质,如无纺或织物材料,该材料处于网织品、被覆物、被褥、窗帘以及帐篷的形式(或可以用于在这些物品的制造中)。
在一个实施例中,用于控制此类有害生物的方法包括向目标有害生物、它们的场所或表面或基质施用杀有害生物有效量的本发明的组合物,以便于在该表面或基质上提供有效的滞留的杀有害生物活性。这样的施用可以通过涂刷、轧制、喷雾、涂布或浸渍本发明的杀有害生物组合物来进行。通过举例,通过本发明的方法预期了表面(如墙、天花板或地板表面)的IRS施用,以便于在该表面上提供有效的滞留的杀有害生物活性。在另一个实施例中,预期了施用此类组合物以用于在基质上的有害生物的滞留的控制,该基质是如处于网织品、被覆物、被褥、窗帘以及帐篷的形式(或可以用于在这些物品的制造中)的织物材料。
待处理的基质(包括无纺物、织物或网织品)可以由天然纤维,如棉花、拉菲亚树叶纤维、黄麻、亚麻、剑麻、粗麻布或羊毛,或者合成纤维,如聚酰胺、聚酯、聚丙烯、聚丙烯腈等等制成。聚酯是特别适合的。纺织品处理的方法是已知的,例如WO 2008/151984、WO 03/034823、US 5631072、WO 2005/64072、WO 2006/128870、EP 1724392、WO 2005/113886或WO2007/090739。
根据本发明的组合物的其他使用范围是针对所有观赏树木连同所有种类的果树和坚果树的树木注射/树干处理领域。
在树木注射/树干处理领域中,根据本发明的这些化合物特别适合于对抗来自上述的鳞翅目和来自鞘翅目的钻木昆虫,尤其是对抗下表A和B中列出的钻木虫:
表A.具有经济重要性的外来钻木虫的实例。
表B.具有经济重要性的本地钻木虫的实例。
本发明也可以用于控制任何可以存在于草坪草中的昆虫有害生物,包括例如甲虫、毛虫、火蚁、地面珍珠(ground pearls)、千足虫、潮虫、螨虫、蝼蛄、介壳虫、粉蚧蜱、沫蝉、南方麦小蝽以及蛴螬。本发明可以用于控制处于其生命周期的多种阶段的昆虫有害生物,包括卵、幼虫、若虫和成虫。
具体而言,本发明可用于控制用草坪草的根部喂养的昆虫有害生物,该昆虫有害生物包括蛴螬(如圆头犀金龟属(Cyclocephala spp.)(例如标记的金龟子,C.lurida)、Rhizotrogus属(例如欧洲金龟子,欧洲切根鳃金龟(R.majalis))、黄栌属(Cotinus spp.)(例如绿六月甲虫(Green June beetle),C.nitida)、弧丽金龟属(Popillia spp.)(例如日本甲虫,龟纹瓢虫(P.japonica))、鳃角金龟属(Phyllophaga spp.)(例如五月/六月甲虫)、Ataenius属(例如草坪草黑金龟(Black turfgrass ataenius),A.spretulus)、绒毛金龟属(Maladera spp.)(例如亚洲花园甲虫(Asiatic garden beetle),M.castanea)以及Tomarus属),地面珍珠(硕蚧属(Margarodes spp.)),蝼蛄(褐黄色的、南方的、以及短翅的;痣蟋蟀属(Scapteriscus spp.),非洲蝼蛄(Gryllotalpa africana))以及大蚊幼虫(leatherjackets)(欧洲大蚊(European crane fly),大蚊属(Tipula spp.))。
本发明还可以用于控制茅草住宅的草坪草的昆虫有害生物,该昆虫有害生物包括粘虫(如秋夜蛾(fall armyworm)草地贪夜蛾(Spodoptera frugiperda),和常见夜蛾一星黏虫(Pseudaletia unipuncta))、切根虫,象鼻虫(尖隐喙象属(Sphenophorus spp.),如S.venatus verstitus和牧草长喙象(S.parvulus))以及草地螟(如草螟属(Crambus spp.)和热带草地螟,Herpetogramma phaeopteralis)。
本发明还可以用于控制在地上生长的并用草坪草叶子喂养的草坪草中的昆虫有害生物,该昆虫有害生物包括麦小蝽(如南方麦小蝽,南方杆长蝽(Blissus insularis))、狗牙根螨(Bermudagrass mite)(Eriophyes cynodoniensis)、盖氏虎尾草粉蚧(草竹粉蚧(Antonina graminis))、两线沫蝉(Propsapia bicincta)、叶蝉、切根虫(夜蛾科)、以及麦二叉蚜。
本发明还可以用于控制草坪草中的其他有害生物,如在草坪中创建蚁巢的外引红火蚁(红火蚁(Solenopsis invicta))。
在卫生领域中,根据本发明的这些组合物是有效地对抗外寄生虫如硬蜱、软蜱、疥螨、秋螨、蝇(叮咬和舔舐)、寄生性蝇幼虫,虱、发虱、鸟虱和蚤。
此类寄生虫的实例是:
虱目:血虱属、长腭虱属、人虱属以及阴虱属、管虱属。
食毛目:毛羽虱属、短角鸟虱属、鸭虱属、牛羽虱属、Werneckiella属、Lepikentron属、畜虱属、啮毛虱属以及猫羽虱属。
双翅目及长角亚目和短角亚目,例如伊蚊属、按蚊属、库蚊属、蚋属、真蚋属、白蛉属、罗蛉属、库蠓属、斑虻属、驼背虻属、黄虻属、虻属、麻虻属、Philipomyia属、蜂虱蝇属、家蝇属、齿股蝇属、螫蝇属、黑角蝇属、莫蝇属、厕蝇属、舌蝇属、丽蝇属、绿蝇属、金蝇属、污蝇属、麻蝇属、狂蝇属、皮蝇属、胃蝇属、虱蝇属、羊虱蝇属和蜱蝇属。
蚤目,例如蚤属、栉头蚤属、客蚤属、角叶蚤属。
异翅目,例如臭虫属、锥蝽属、红猎蝽属、锥蝽属。
蜚蠊目,例如东方蜚蠊、美洲大蠊、德国小蠊以及夏柏拉蟑螂属。
蜱螨亚纲(螨科)和后气门目和中气门目,例如锐缘蜱属、钝缘蜱属、耳蜱属、硬蜱属、钝眼蜱属、牛蜱属、革蜱属、血蜱属、璃眼蜱属、扇头蜱属、皮刺螨属、刺利螨属、肺刺螨属、胸刺螨属和瓦螨属。
轴螨目(前气门亚目)和粉螨目(无气门亚目),例如蜂盾螨属、姬螯属、禽螯螨属、肉螨属、疮螨属、蠕形螨属、恙螨属、牦螨属、粉螨属、食酪螨属、嗜木螨属、颈下螨属、翅螨属、痒螨属、皮螨属、耳疥螨属、疥螨属、耳螨属、鸟疥螨属、胞螨属以及鸡雏螨属。
根据本发明的这些组合物还适用于保护材料如木材、纺织品、塑料、粘合剂、胶、漆料、纸张和卡片、皮革、地板和建筑等免受昆虫侵染。
根据本发明的组合物可以用于例如抵抗以下有害生物:甲虫,例如北美家天牛、长毛天牛、家具窃蠹、红毛窃蠹、梳角细脉窃蠹、石斛、松芽枝窃蠹、松产品窃蠹、褐粉蠹、非洲粉蠹、南方粉蠹、栎粉蠹、柔毛粉蠹、胸粉蠹、鳞毛粉蠹、材小蠹属、条木小蠹属、咖啡黑长蠹、树长蠹、棕异翅长蠹、双棘长蠹属与竹长蠹;以及膜翅类昆虫,例如蓝黑树蜂、云杉大树蜂、泰加大树蜂与大树蜂;以及白蚁,例如欧洲木白蚁、麻头堆砂白蚁、印巴结构木异白蚁、黄胸散白蚁、桑特散白蚁、散白蚁、达尔文澳白蚁、内华达古白蚁与家白蚁;以及蛀虫,例如衣鱼。
根据本发明的化合物可以按未经修饰的形式用作杀有害生物剂,但它们大体上以多种方式使用配制佐剂(如载体、溶剂以及表面活性物质)被配制成组合物。这些配制品可以处于不同的实体形式,例如,处于以下形式:撒粉剂、凝胶、可湿性粉剂、水可分散性颗粒剂、水可分散性片剂、泡腾压缩片剂、可乳化的浓缩物、微可乳化浓缩物、水包油乳剂、可流动油、水性分散体、油性分散体、悬乳剂、胶囊悬浮液、可乳化的颗粒剂、可溶性液体、水可溶性浓缩物(以水或水混溶性有机溶剂作为载体)、浸渍的聚合物膜或处于已知的其他形式,例如从关于杀有害生物剂的FAO和WHO标准的发展和使用的手册(Manual on Developmentand Use of FAO and WHO Specifications for Pesticides),联合国,第1版,二次修订(2010)中已知的。此类配制品可以直接使用或者可以使用前稀释再使用。可以利用例如水、液体肥料、微量营养素、生物有机体、油或溶剂来稀释。
可以通过例如将活性成分与配制佐剂混合来制备这些配制品以便获得处于精细分散固体、颗粒、溶液、分散体或乳液形式的组合物。这些活性成分还可以与其他佐剂(例如精细分散固体、矿物油、植物或动物的油、改性的植物或动物的油、有机溶剂、水、表面活性物质或它们的组合)来一起配制。
这些活性成分还可以被包含于非常精细的微胶囊中。微胶囊在多孔载体中含有活性成分。这使活性成分能以受控的量值(例如,缓慢释放)释放到环境中。微胶囊通常具有从0.1微米至500微米的直径。它们含有的活性成分的量按重量计是胶囊重量的约从25%至95%。这些活性成分可以处于整体性的固体的形式、处于固体或液体分散体中的精细颗粒的形式或处于合适溶液的形式。包囊的膜可以包括例如天然的或合成的橡胶,纤维素、苯乙烯/丁二烯共聚物、聚丙烯腈、聚丙烯酸酯、聚酯、聚酰胺、聚脲、聚氨酯或化学改性的聚合物以及淀粉黄原酸盐、或本领域的普通技术人员已知的其他聚合物。可替代地,可以形成非常精细的微胶囊,其中活性成分在基础物质的固体基质中是以精细分散颗粒的形式被包含的,但这些微胶囊本身未经包裹。
适合于制备根据本发明的这些组合物的配制佐剂本身是已知的。作为液体载体可以使用:水、甲苯、二甲苯、石油醚、植物油、丙酮、甲基乙基酮、环己酮、酸酐、乙腈、乙酰苯、乙酸戊酯、2-丁酮、碳酸丁烯酯、氯苯、环己烷、环己醇、乙酸烷基酯的乙酸、二丙酮醇、1,2-二氯丙烷、二乙醇胺、对-二乙基苯、二甘醇、松脂酸二乙二醇酯、二甘醇乙醚、二甘醇乙基醚、二甘醇甲醚、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基亚砜、1,4-二噁烷、二丙二醇、二丙二醇甲基醚、双丙甘醇二苯甲酸酯、二丙二醇、烷基吡咯烷酮、乙酸乙酯、2-乙基己醇、碳酸乙烯酯、1,1,1-三氯乙烷、2-庚酮、α-蒎烯、d-苧烯、乳酸乙酯、乙二醇、乙二醇丁基醚、乙二醇甲基醚、γ-丁内酯、丙三醇、乙酸甘油酯、二乙酸甘油酯、三乙酸甘油酯、十六烷、己二醇、乙酸异戊基酯、乙酸异冰片基酯、异辛烷、异佛尔酮、异丙苯、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、乳酸、月桂胺、异亚丙基丙酮、甲氧基丙醇、甲基异戊基酮、甲基异丁基酮、月桂酸甲酯、辛酸甲酯、油酸甲酯、二氯甲烷、间二甲苯、正己烷、正辛胺、十八烷酸、辛胺乙酸酯、油酸、油烯基胺、邻二甲苯、苯酚、聚乙二醇、丙酸、乳酸丙酯、碳酸亚丙酯、丙二醇、丙二醇甲基醚、对-二甲苯、甲苯、磷酸三乙酯、三乙二醇、二甲苯磺酸、石蜡、矿物油、三氯乙烯、全氯乙烯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸戊酯、乙酸丁酯、丙二醇甲基醚、二乙二醇甲基醚、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇以及更高分子量的醇,例如戊醇、四氢呋喃醇、己醇、辛醇、乙二醇、丙二醇、甘油、N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮等。
适合的固体载体是,例如滑石、二氧化钛、叶蜡石粘土、硅石、凹凸棒石粘土、硅藻土、石灰石、碳酸钙、膨润土、钙蒙脱土、棉籽壳、小麦粉、大豆粉、浮石、木粉、胡桃壳粉、木素和类似的物质。
许多表面活性物质可以有利地用在固体和液体配制品两者中,尤其是在使用前可被载体稀释的那些配制品中。表面活性物质可以是阴离子的、阳离子的、非离子的或聚合的并且它们可以用作乳化剂、湿润剂或悬浮剂或用于其他目的。典型的表面活性物质包括例如烷基硫酸酯的盐,如十二烷基硫酸二乙醇铵;烷基芳基磺酸酯的盐,如十二烷基苯磺酸钙;烷基酚/氧化烯加成产物,如乙氧基化壬基苯酚;醇/氧化烯加成产物,如乙氧基化十三烷醇;皂,如硬脂酸钠;烷基萘磺酸酯的盐,如二丁基萘磺酸钠;磺基丁二酸盐的二烷基酯,如二(2-乙基己基)磺基丁二酸钠;山梨糖醇酯,如山梨糖醇油酸酯;季铵,如氯化十二烷基三甲基铵;脂肪酸的聚乙二醇酯,如聚乙二醇硬脂酸酯;环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷的嵌段共聚物;以及磷酸单和二-烷酯的盐;以及例如麦卡琴清洁剂和乳化剂年鉴(McCutcheon’sDetergents and Emulsifiers Annual),MC出版公司(MC Publishing Corp.),里奇伍德(Ridgewood),新泽西州(1981)中所述的其他物质。
可以用于杀有害生物配制品的其他佐剂包括结晶作用抑制剂、粘度改性剂、悬浮剂、染料、抗氧化剂、发泡剂、光吸收剂、混合助剂、消泡剂、络合剂、中和或改变pH的物质与缓冲液、腐蚀抑制剂、香料、湿润剂、吸收增强剂、微量营养素、增塑剂、助流剂、润滑剂、分散剂、增稠剂、防冻剂、杀微生物剂、以及液体与固体肥料。
根据本发明的组合物可以包括添加剂,该添加剂包括植物或动物来源的油、矿物油、此类油的烷基酯或此类油与油衍生物的混合物。在根据本发明的组合物中的油添加剂的量通常是该待施用的混合物的0.01%到10%。例如,可以在喷雾混合物已经制备以后将该油添加剂以所希望的浓度加入喷雾罐中。优选的油添加剂包括矿物油或植物来源的油,例如菜籽油、橄榄油或葵花籽油;乳化的植物油;植物来源的油的烷基酯,例如甲基衍生物;或动物来源的油,如鱼油或牛脂。优选的油添加剂包括C8-C22脂肪酸的烷基酯,尤其是C12-C18脂肪酸的甲基衍生物,例如月桂酸、棕榈酸以及油酸(分别为月桂酸甲酯、棕榈酸甲酯和油酸甲酯)的甲基酯。许多油衍生物获知于除草剂佐剂纲要(Compendium of HerbicideAdjuvants),第10版,南伊利诺伊大学,2010。
这些本发明组合物总体上包括按重量计从0.1%至99%,尤其是按重量计从0.1%至95%的本发明的化合物以及按重量计从1%至99.9%的配制佐剂,该配制佐剂优选地包括按重量计从0至25%的表面活性物质。而商用产品可以优选地被配制为浓缩物,最终使用者将通常使用稀释配制品。
施用量在宽范围之内变化并且取决于土壤的性质、施用方法、作物植物、待控制的有害生物、主要气候条件、以及受施用方法支配的其他因素、施用时间以及目标作物。一般来讲,可以将化合物以从1l/ha至2000l/ha,尤其是从10l/ha到1000l/ha的比率施用。
优选的配制品可以具有以下成分(重量%):
可乳化浓缩剂:
活性成分: 1%至95%,优选60%至90%
表面活性剂: 1%至30%,优选5%至20%
液体载体: 1%至80%,优选1%至35%
尘剂:
活性成分: 0.1%至10%,优选地0.1%至5%
固体载体: 99.9%至90%,优选99.9%至99%
悬浮液浓缩物:
活性成分: 5%至75%,优选10%至50%
水: 94%至24%,优选地88%至30%
表面活性剂: 1%至40%,优选2%至30%
可湿性粉剂:
活性成分: 0.5%至90%,优选1%至80%
表面活性剂: 0.5%至20%,优选1%至15%
固体载体: 5%至95%,优选15%至90%
颗粒剂:
活性成分: 0.1%至30%,优选地0.1%至15%
固体载体: 99.5%至70%,优选97%至85%
以下实例进一步展示了(但不限制)本发明。
可湿性粉剂 | a) | b) | c) |
活性成分 | 25% | 50% | 75% |
木质素磺酸钠 | 5% | 5% | - |
月桂基硫酸钠 | 3% | - | 5% |
二异丁基萘磺酸钠 | - | 6% | 10% |
苯酚聚乙二醇醚(7-8mol的氧化乙烯环氧乙烷) | - | 2% | - |
高度分散的硅酸 | 5% | 10% | 10% |
高岭土 | 62% | 27% | - |
将该组合与这些佐剂充分混合并且将混合物在适当的研磨机中充分研磨,从而获得了可以用水稀释而给出所希望的浓度的悬浮液的可湿性粉剂。
干种子处理用的粉剂 | a) | b) | c) |
活性成分 | 25% | 50% | 75% |
轻质矿物油 | 5% | 5% | 5% |
高度分散的硅酸 | 5% | 5% | - |
高岭土 | 65% | 40% | - |
滑石 | - | 20 |
将该组合与这些佐剂充分混合并且将混合物在一个适当的研磨机中充分研磨,从而获得了可以直接用于种子处理的粉末。
可乳化浓缩剂 | |
活性成分 | 10% |
辛基苯酚聚乙二醇醚(4-5mol的环氧乙烷) | 3% |
十二烷基苯磺酸钙 | 3% |
蓖麻油聚乙二醇醚(35mol环氧乙烷) | 4% |
环己酮 | 30% |
二甲苯混合物 | 50% |
在植物保护中可以使用的具有任何所要求的稀释的乳液可以通过用水稀释从这种浓缩物中获得。
尘剂 | a) | b) | c) |
活性成分 | 5% | 6% | 4% |
滑石 | 95% | - | - |
高岭土 | - | 94% | - |
矿物填充剂 | - | - | 96% |
通过将该组合与载体进行混合并且将该混合物在一个适当的研磨机中研磨获得立即可用的尘剂。此类粉剂还可以用于种子的干法敷料。
挤出机颗粒剂 | |
活性成分 | 15% |
木质素磺酸钠 | 2% |
羧甲基纤维素 | 1% |
高岭土 | 82% |
将该组合与这些佐剂混合并且研磨,并且将该混合物用水湿润。将混合物挤出并且然后在空气流中干燥。
包衣的颗粒剂 | |
活性成分 | 8% |
聚乙二醇(mol.wt.200) | 3% |
高岭土 | 89% |
将这种精细研磨的组合在一个混合器中均匀地施用到用聚乙二醇湿润的高岭土中。以此方式获得无尘的包衣的颗粒剂。
悬浮液浓缩物
将这种精细研磨的组合与这些佐剂紧密地混合,从而给出了悬浮液浓缩物,可以使用水稀释从该浓缩物获得任何所希望稀释度的悬浮液。使用此类稀释体,可以对活的植物连同植物繁殖材料进行处理并且对其针对微生物侵染通过喷雾、倾倒或浸渍进行保护。
种子处理用的可流动性浓缩剂
活性成分 | 40% |
丙二醇 | 5% |
共聚物丁醇PO/EO | 2% |
三苯乙烯酚,具有10-20摩尔EO | 2% |
1,2-苯并异噻唑啉-3-酮(处于在水中20%的溶液形式) | 0.5% |
单偶氮-颜料钙盐 | 5% |
硅油(处于在水中75%的乳液的形式) | 0.2% |
水 | 45.3% |
将这种精细研磨的组合与这些佐剂紧密地混合,从而给出了悬浮液浓缩物,可以使用水稀释从该浓缩物获得任何所希望稀释度的悬浮液。使用此类稀释体,可以对活的植物连同植物繁殖材料进行处理并且对其针对微生物侵染通过喷雾、倾倒或浸渍进行保护。
缓释的胶囊悬浮剂
将28份的组合与2份的芳香族溶剂以及7份的甲苯二异氰酸酯/多亚甲基-聚苯基异氰酸酯-混合物(8:1)进行混合。将该混合物在1.2份的聚乙烯醇、0.05份的消泡剂以及51.6份的水的混合物中进行乳化直至达到所希望的颗粒尺寸。向这个乳液中添加在5.3份的水中的2.8份的1,6-二氨基己烷混合物。将该混合物搅拌直至聚合反应完成。将获得的胶囊悬浮剂通过添加0.25份的一种增稠剂以及3份的分散剂进行稳定。该胶囊悬浮剂配制品包括28%的活性成分。该介质胶囊的直径是8微米-15微米。将产生的配制品施用到种子上作为适合于用于此目的的一种装置中的水性悬浮液。
配制品类型包括乳液浓缩剂(EC)、悬浮液浓缩物(SC)、悬乳剂(SE)、胶囊悬浮剂(CS)、水可分散性颗粒剂(WG)、可乳化性颗粒剂(EG)、油包水型乳液(EO)、水包油型乳液(EW)、微乳液(ME)、油分散体(OD)、油悬剂(OF)、油溶性液剂(OL)、可溶性浓缩剂(SL)、超低容量悬浮剂(SU)、超低容量液剂(UL)、母药(TK)、可分散性浓缩剂(DC)、可湿性粉剂(WP)、可溶性颗粒剂(SG)或与农业上可接受的佐剂组合的任何技术上可行的配制品。
制备实例:
“Mp”是指以℃计的熔点。自由基表示甲基基团。1H NMR测量值在Brucker 400MHz分光计上记录,化学位移相对于TMS标准品以ppm给出。光谱在如指定的氘代溶剂中测量。用以下LCMS方法中的任一种来表征这些化合物:对于每种化合物获得的特征LCMS值是保留时间(“Rt”以分钟为单位记录)和测量的分子离子(M+H)+或(M-H)-。
LCMS方法:
方法1:
在来自沃特斯(Waters)的质谱仪(ZQ单四极杆质谱仪)上记录光谱,该质谱仪配备有电喷射源(极性:正离子或负离子,毛细管:3.00kV,锥孔范围:30V-60V,萃取器:2.00V,源温度:150℃,去溶剂化温度:350℃,锥孔气体流量:0L/Hr,去溶剂化气体流量:650L/Hr;质量范围:100Da至900Da)以及一个来自沃特斯(Waters)的Acquity UPLC:二元泵、加热管柱室以及二极管阵列检测器)。溶剂脱气装置,二元泵,加热柱室以及二极管阵列检测器。柱:沃特斯UPLC HSS T3,1.8μm,30x2.1mm,温度:60℃;DAD波长范围(nm):210至500,溶剂梯度:A=水+5%MeOH+0.05%HCOOH,B=乙腈+0.05%HCOOH;梯度:0min 0%B,100%A;1.2-1.5min 100%B;流量(ml/min)0.85。
方法2:
来自沃特斯公司的ACQUITY SQD质谱仪(单四极杆质谱仪)上记录光谱,电离方法:电喷射,极性:正离子,毛细管(kV)3.00,锥孔(V)20.00,提取器(V)3.00,源温度(℃)150,去溶剂化温度(℃)400,锥孔气体流量(L/Hr)60,去溶剂化气体流量(L/Hr)700,质量范围:100Da至800Da,DAD波长范围(nm):210至400。方法:使用以下HPLC梯度条件的沃特斯ACQUITY UPLC(溶剂A:水/甲醇9:1,0.1%甲酸,以及溶剂B:乙腈、0.1%甲酸)
柱型:沃特斯ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3;柱长:30mm;柱内径:2.1mm;粒度:1.8微米;温度:60℃。
方法3:
来自沃特斯公司(Waters)的ACQUITY SQD质谱仪(单四极杆质谱仪)
离子化方法:电喷射
极性:正离子
毛细管电压(kV)3.00,锥孔电压(V)15.00,提取器(V)3.00,源温度(℃)150,去溶剂化温度(℃)400,锥孔气体流量(L/Hr)60,去溶剂化气体流量(L/Hr)700
质量范围:100Da至800Da
DAD波长范围(nm):210至400
方法:使用以下HPLC梯度条件的沃特斯ACQUITY UPLC
(溶剂A:水/甲醇9:1,0.1%的甲酸和溶剂B:乙腈,0.1%甲酸)
柱型:沃特斯ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3;柱长:30mm;柱内径:2.1mm;粒度:1.8微米;温度:60℃。
方法4:
在来自沃特斯的质谱仪(SDQ、SQDII单四极杆质谱仪)上记录光谱,该质谱仪配备有电喷射源(极性:正离子和负离子,毛细管:3.00kV,锥孔范围:30V,萃取器:2.00V,源温度:150℃,去溶剂化温度:350℃,锥孔气体流量:50l/h,去溶剂化气体流量:650l/h;质量范围:100Da至900Da)以及一个来自沃特斯的Acquity IClass UPLC:二元泵、加热管柱室、二极管阵列检测器以及ELSD检测器)。柱:沃特斯UPLC HSS T3,1.8μm,30x2.1mm,温度:60℃;DAD波长范围(nm):210至500,溶剂梯度:A=水+5%MeOH+0.05%HCOOH,B=乙腈+0.05%HCOOH;梯度:10%-100%B,在1.2min内;流量(ml/min)0.85。
实例P1:2-[3-乙基磺酰基-5-(6-甲氧基-3-吡啶基)-2-吡啶基]-3-甲基-6-(三氟
甲基)咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶(化合物P1)的制备:
步骤A-1:N-[4-氨基-6-(三氟甲基)-3-吡啶基]氨基甲酸叔丁酯的制备
向6-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3,4-二胺(3.140g,17.73mmol)(可商购的)在四氢呋喃(50ml)中的溶液中添加叔丁氧基羰基叔丁基甲酸酯(4.643g,1.2当量)。将反应混合物在50℃下搅拌20小时,在这段时间之后,添加更多的叔丁氧基羰基叔丁基甲酸酯(1.1g,0.3当量)。在搅拌20小时以上后,将反应混合物在减压下蒸发以留下吸收在二氯甲烷中的固体残余物,冷却至0℃并且将所得悬浮液过滤。该结晶的残余物是N-[4-氨基-6-(三氟甲基)-3-吡啶基]氨基甲酸叔丁酯。LCMS(方法1):278(M+H)+;保留时间:0.79min。
1H NMR(400MHz,CD3CN)δppm:8.28(s,1H);7.09(s,1H);6.94(br.s,1H);5.24(br.s,2H);1.50(s,9H)。
步骤A-2:N-[4-氨基-6-(三氟甲基)-3-吡啶基]-N-甲基-氨基甲酸叔丁酯的制备
在20℃-25℃下,将N-[4-氨基-6-(三氟甲基)-3-吡啶基]氨基甲酸叔丁酯(合成在上文中描述)(3.920g,14.14mmol)在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(20ml)中的溶液经20分钟添加至氢化钠(0.648g,1.05当量)在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(30ml)中的搅拌悬浮液中。在气体停止释放15分钟之后,添加碘甲烷(2.21g,1.1当量)。将温度上升至30℃并且在这个水平维持30分钟。然后将反应混合物小心地倾倒进水中(200ml)并且将产物用乙酸乙酯萃取两次。将有机相用盐水洗涤,经硫酸钠进行干燥并在减压下蒸发。将获得的浅棕色固体通过硅胶柱层析,用乙酸乙酯和庚烷的混合物洗脱进行纯化。在从乙酸乙酯-庚烷中再结晶之后,分离出呈无色晶体状的N-[4-氨基-6-(三氟甲基)-3-吡啶基]-N-甲基-氨基甲酸叔丁酯。LCMS(方法1):292(M+H)+;保留时间:0.85min。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:8.21(s,1H);7.00(s,1H);5.58(br.s,2H);3.18(s,3H);1.43(s,9H)。
步骤A-3:N3-甲基-6-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3,4-二胺的制备
将N-[4-氨基-6-(三氟甲基)-3-吡啶基]-N-甲基-氨基甲酸叔丁酯(3.530g,12.12mmol)(制备在上文中描述)在1,4-二噁烷(50ml)中的溶液用2N水性HCl溶液(18.18ml,3当量)处理并且将所得混合物加热。在约70℃气体释放开始,直到反应混合物已煮沸20分钟。然后在减压下除去大部分二噁烷,并且在冷却至20℃后用碳酸氢钠(3.1g,36.9mmol)处理残余溶液。形成粘稠的浆液,将其用乙酸乙酯萃取。将有机相用盐水洗涤,经硫酸钠进行干燥并在减压下浓缩。获得呈无色晶体状的标题化合物。LCMS(方法1):192(M+H)+;保留时间:0.25min。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:7.90(s,1H);6.93(s,1H);4.09(br s,2H);3.40(br s,1H);2.95(s,3H)。
步骤B-1:5-溴-3-乙基硫烷基-吡啶-2-甲酸甲酯的制备
向在0℃下搅拌的5-溴-3-氯-吡啶-2-甲酸甲酯(0.100g,0.399mmol)(可商购的)在四氢呋喃中的溶液中添加乙基硫烷基钠(0.034g,1当量)。在该温度下1小时之后,去除冰浴并且继续搅拌20小时。然后将该反应混合物倾倒入水(15ml)中并且用乙酸乙酯萃取两次。将有机相经硫酸钠干燥,并且将溶剂去除。将该残余物经受硅胶快速层析并且将选择的级分蒸发以产生呈无色固体的5-溴-3-乙基硫烷基-吡啶-2-甲酸甲酯。LCMS(方法1):276,278(M+H)+;保留时间:0.92min。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:8.46(s,1H);7.79(s,1H);4.00(s,3H);2.94(q,J=7.4Hz,2H);1.42(t,J=7.4Hz,3H)。
步骤B-2:5-溴-3-乙基硫烷基-吡啶-2-甲酸的制备
将5-溴-3-乙基硫烷基-吡啶-2-甲酸甲酯(3.900g,14.12mmol)(制备在上文中描述)在甲醇(75ml)和(20ml)的混合物中的溶液在20℃下搅拌,用2N水性氢氧化钠溶液(7.04ml,1.05当量)处理。将该混合物搅拌两小时,然后在减压下排除大多数醇。然后将反应混合物用2N水性HCl溶液处理并且将所得沉淀物过滤出,用水洗涤并且在真空下干燥。获得呈无色固体的标题化合物。LCMS(方法1):260,262(M-H)-;保留时间:0.77min。1H NMR(400MHz,d6-DMSO)δppm:13.4(br s,1H);8.50(s,1H);8.07(s,1H);3.04(q,J=7.53Hz,2H);1.27(t,J=7.53Hz,3H)。
步骤C-1:2-(5-溴-3-乙基硫烷基-2-吡啶基)-3-甲基-6-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶的制备
向5-溴-3-乙基硫烷基-吡啶-2-甲酸(2.800g,10.68mmol)在二氯甲烷(10ml)中的悬浮液中添加一滴N,N-二甲基酰胺,随后添加草酰氯(2.034g,1.400ml,1.5当量)。在气体释放结束后,反应混合物是浅红色溶液。将后者在60℃的浴温下在减压下蒸发。残余物形成5-溴-3-乙基硫烷基-吡啶-2-碳酰氯的深红色晶体。
向N3-甲基-6-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3,4-二胺(2.042g,10.68mmol)在四氢呋喃(30ml)中的澄清溶液中添加溶解在四氢呋喃(20ml)中的5-溴-3-乙基硫烷基-吡啶-2-碳酰氯(在上文中描述)溶液。将所得的混合物加热至回流温度。形成大的白色沉淀物。在冷却至20℃之后,该反应混合物过滤并且将滤液在减压下蒸发。将残余物和滤饼合并并且溶解在水中。将溶液通过添加饱和水性碳酸氢钠的溶液中和并且将产物用乙酸乙酯萃取两次。然后有机溶液经硫酸钠干燥并在减压下蒸发以产生呈深棕色胶状的该粗制产物。将该胶吸收进间二甲苯(10ml)中,添加对甲苯磺酸(一水合物)(2.032g,1当量)并且将混合物加热至高达150℃持续8小时。然后将该反应混合物倾倒入水(300ml)中并且用乙酸乙酯萃取两次。在减压下蒸发溶剂之后,将该粗制深棕色产物通过硅胶柱层析,用在庚烷中的乙酸乙酯洗脱进行纯化。将所选级分蒸发以产生呈无色固体的标题化合物。LCMS(方法1):417,419(M+H)+;保留时间:1.04min。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:8.96(s,1H);8.56(s,1H);8.20(s,1H);7.88(s,1H);4.07(s,3H);2.98(q,J=7.44Hz,2H);1.38(t,J=7.44Hz,3H)。
类似地,可以从4-溴-2-乙基硫烷基-苯甲酸和N3-甲基-6-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3,4-二胺获得2-(4-溴-2-乙基硫烷基-苯基)-3-甲基-6-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶(固体,mp 113℃-114℃)。LCMS(方法1):416/418(M+H)+;保留时间:1.07min。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:1.26(t,3H),2.89(q,2H),3.80(s,3H),7.31(d,1H),7.50(dd,1H),7.61(d,1H),8.13(d,1H),8.93(s,1H)。
步骤C-2:2-(5-溴-3-乙基磺酰基-2-吡啶基)-3-甲基-6-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶的制备
将2-(5-溴-3-乙基硫烷基-2-吡啶基)-3-甲基-6-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶(2.000g,4.79mmol)在二氯甲烷(50ml)中的溶液在冰浴中搅拌并且分部分地添加间氯过氧苯甲酸(2.54g,70%纯度,2.5当量),以这种方法使得反应混合物的温度保持低于10℃。然后去除冰浴,并且在20℃下将混合物搅拌另外的4小时。在该反应完成后,将该混合物与饱和水性碳酸氢钠溶液搅拌。将各相分离并且将该水相用二氯甲烷萃取。将有机层合,经硫酸钠干燥并蒸发。将该残余物经受硅胶柱层析,用在庚烷中的乙酸乙酯洗脱。将选择的级分蒸发并且将残余物用庚烷磨碎以产生呈无色固体的标题化合物。LCMS(方法1):449,451(M+H)+;保留时间:0.95min。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:9.06(s,1H);9.00(s,1H);8.68(s,1H);8.11(s,1H);3.90(s,3H);3.82(q,2H);1.38(t,3H)。
类似地,可以从2-(4-溴-2-乙基硫烷基-苯基)-3-甲基-6-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶获得2-(4-溴-2-乙基磺酰基-苯基)-3-甲基-6-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶(固体,mp 180℃-181℃)。LCMS(方法1):448/450(M+H)+;保留时间:0.95min。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:1.27(t,3H),3.38(q,2H),3.74(s,3H),7.43(d,1H),7.98(dd,1H),8.09(d,1H),8.37(d,1H),8.95(s,1H)。
步骤C-3:2-[3-乙基磺酰基-5-(6-甲氧基-3-吡啶基)-2-吡啶基]-3-甲基-6-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶(化合物P1)的制备
在氩气氛下,将2-(5-溴-3-乙基磺酰基-2-吡啶基)-3-甲基-6-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶(以上所述制备)(0.015g,0.035mmol)、碳酸钾(2.0当量)和X-Phos氨基联苯氯化钯预催化剂(0.1当量)在四氢呋喃(0.7ml)和水(0.3ml)中的溶液用氩气冲洗,之后将其添加到在小瓶中的(6-甲氧基-3-吡啶基)硼酸(2.0当量)中。然后将反应混合物在微波炉中在120℃下加热15分钟。通过UPLC-MS测量反应的延长(方法2)。在去除溶剂后,添加水(2ml)并且将该混合物用乙酸乙酯(2ml)萃取三次。浓缩合并的有机相,并且将残余物溶解在N,N-二甲基-甲酰胺中,并进行MS偶联的HPLC层析法,通过电离触发分馏,以产生标题化合物P1。LCMS(方法2):478(M+H)+;保留时间:1.52min。
实例P2:2-[3-乙基磺酰基-5-[3-(三氟甲基)吡唑-1-基]-2-吡啶基]-3-甲基-6-
(三氟甲基)咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶(化合物P2)的制备
向2-[3-乙基磺酰基-5-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷-2-基)-2-吡啶基]-3-甲基-6-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶(下文描述的制备,化合物I1)(0.050g,0.101mmol)在吡啶(1.0ml)的溶液中添加3-三氟甲基-1H-吡唑(0.018g,1.3当量)和乙酸铜(II)(0.009g,0.5当量)。将反应混合物在氧气氛(气球)下搅拌60小时,然后用水稀释,并且将混合物用乙酸乙酯萃取两次。将合并的有机萃取物用硫酸钠干燥并进行蒸发。将残余物通过硅胶进行快速层析,用乙酸乙酯-庚烷混合物洗脱。将选择的级分蒸发以产生标题化合物P2。LCMS(方法1):505(M+H)+;保留时间:1.04min。
实例P3:2-[5-(4-环丙基-6-甲基-嘧啶-2-基)-3-乙基磺酰基-2-吡啶基]-3-甲
基-6-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶(化合物P23)的制备
步骤1:5-溴-3-乙基硫烷基-吡啶-2-甲腈的制备
在氩气下,在-40℃和-50℃之间的温度下,向5-溴-2-氰基-3-硝基吡啶(58.0g,242mmol,1.0当量)在1000ml N,N-二甲基-甲酰胺的溶液中缓慢添加乙硫醇钠(23.7g,254mmol,1.05当量)。将深色混合物在室温下搅拌过夜。用叔丁基甲醚稀释后,将混合物用水淬灭。将有机层用水和盐水洗涤,用硫酸钠干燥,过滤并且蒸发。将粗褐色油状物通过柱层析,用乙酸乙酯/环己烷洗脱进行纯化,以给出浅橙色固体。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:8.50(s,1H);7.81(s,1H);3.06(q,2H);1.40(t,3H)。
步骤2:5-溴-3-乙基硫烷基-吡啶-2-甲酸的制备
将5-溴-3-乙基硫烷基-吡啶-2-甲腈(43g,170mmol,1.0当量)在800ml盐酸水溶液HCl 32%中的溶液加热至60℃过夜。添加二噁烷(100ml),并且将混合物在60℃下再搅拌48h。将反应混合物冷却至0-5℃,用氢氧化钠水溶液(NaOH 30%)处理直至pH 11,并且用2x200ml叔丁基甲醚洗涤。将水相用10%HCl酸化至pH 4,将所得固体过滤,用水洗涤并真空干燥。LCMS(方法1):262,264(M+H)+;保留时间:0.77min。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:8.50(s,1H);8.06(s,1H);3.03(q,2H);1.24(t,3H)。
步骤3:2-(5-溴-3-乙基硫烷基-2-吡啶基)-3-甲基-6-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶的制备
根据上述实例P1,步骤C-1的制备。
步骤4:2-(5-溴-3-乙基磺酰基-2-吡啶基)-3-甲基-6-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶的制备
根据上述实例P1,步骤C-2的制备。
步骤5:2-[3-乙基磺酰基-5-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷-2-基)-2-吡啶基]-3-甲基-6-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶(化合物I1)的制备
2-(5-溴-3-乙基磺酰基-2-吡啶基)-3-甲基-6-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶(制备在上文中描述)(0.050g,0.111mmol)、乙酸钾(0.027g,2.5当量)和4,4,5,5-四甲基-2-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷-2-基)-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷(0.042g,1.5当量)的混合物在1,2-二甲氧基乙烷(3ml)中轻柔地用氩气冲洗,然后添加1,1’-双(二苯基膦基)-二茂铁)二氯钯-二氯甲烷(1:1)复合物(0.005g,0.05当量),并且将浅黄色混合物在惰性气氛下搅拌同时加热至90℃。当起始溴化物耗尽时,将深色反应混合物用水(20ml)稀释,并且用乙酸乙酯萃取两次。将这些合并的有机相经硫酸钠干燥,并且在减压下浓缩。将深棕色胶吸收在二乙醚中并且通过垫过滤。将滤液用水(5ml)和1N水性氢氧化钠(0.2ml)的混合物萃取,并且然后将水相用1N-水性盐酸(0.3ml)处理。将沉淀的固体用二乙醚萃取两次。将有机相用盐水洗涤,用硫酸钠干燥并在减压下蒸发以产生呈无色固体的标题化合物。LCMS(方法1):413(M-H)-;827(2M-H)-;415(M+H)+用于相应的硼酸;保留时间:0.77min(在这种情况下,M对应于相应的硼酸而不是频哪醇酯,但NMR显示频哪醇部分)。1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:9.28(s,1H);8.99(s,1H);8.87(s,1H);8.11(s,1H);3.88(s,3H);3.76(q,J=7.4Hz,2H);1.41(s,12H);1.38(t,J=7.4Hz,3H)。
步骤6:2-[5-(4-环丙基-6-甲基-嘧啶-2-基)-3-乙基磺酰基-2-吡啶基]-3-甲基-6-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶(化合物P23)的制备
2-[3-乙基磺酰基-5-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷-2-基)-2-吡啶基]-3-甲基-6-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶(300mg,0.544mmol,1.0当量)溶解在微波小瓶中的4ml二噁烷中,然后添加2-氯-4-环丙基-6-甲基-嘧啶(127mg,0.725mmol,2.0当量)和碳酸钠(0.54ml,1.09mmol,3.0当量)。将混合物用氩气吹扫10min,并且添加四(三苯基膦)钯(0)(Pd(PPh3)4,21mg,0.0181mmol,5mol%)。将橙棕色混浊溶液在微波中在110℃下照射15分钟。将混合物用10ml水淬灭,用3x10ml乙酸乙酯萃取,将有机相用盐水洗涤,用硫酸钠干燥,过滤并蒸发。将粗制棕色树脂通过硅胶柱层析,用乙酸乙酯/环己烷洗脱进行纯化。LCMS(方法1):503(M+H)+;保留时间:1.12min。Mp:224℃-226℃。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:9.94(s,1H);9.43(s,1H);9.00(s,1H);8.12(s,1H);7.08(s,1H);3.91(s,3H),3.81(q,2H);2.59(s,3H);2.06(m.1H);1.41(3,3H);1.28(m,2H);1.14(m,2H)。
实例P4:2-[5-(4-氯吡唑-1-基)-3-乙基磺酰基-2-吡啶基]-3-甲基-6-(三氟甲
基)咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶(化合物P16)的制备
步骤1:2-[5-(4-氯吡唑-1-基)-3-乙基硫烷基-2-吡啶基]-3-甲基-6-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶(化合物P14)的制备
在氩气下,向2-(5-溴-3-乙基硫烷基-2-吡啶基)-3-甲基-6-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶(300mg,0.690mmol)和4-氯-1H-吡唑(84mg,0.794mmol)在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(2ml)的溶液中添加碘化铜(I)(13.2mg,0.069mmol)、N,N’-二甲基乙二胺(12.3mg,14.8μl,0.138mmol)和碳酸钾(38.5mg,0.276mmol)。将该混合物在125℃下搅拌过夜。冷却后,将反应混合物用叔丁基甲基醚和水稀释,分离各层,将水相用叔丁基甲基醚萃取两次,将合并的有机层用水和盐水洗涤,用硫酸钠干燥并蒸发至干燥。通过C18反相柱层析法(在水中的乙腈梯度)纯化残余物,以得到呈固体的2-[5-(4-氯吡唑-1-基)-3-乙基硫烷基-2-吡啶基]-3-甲基-6-(三氟-甲基)咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶(化合物P14)(160mg)(mp 200℃-202℃)。LCMS(方法1):439/441(M+H)+,保留时间1.07min。
步骤2:2-[5-(4-氯吡唑-1-基)-3-乙基磺酰基-2-吡啶基]-3-甲基-6-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶(化合物P16)的制备
根据实例P1,步骤C-2,从在二氯甲烷(6ml)中的2-[5-(4-氯吡唑-1-基)-3-乙基硫烷基-2-吡啶基]-3-甲基-6-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶(146mg,0.323mmol)和间氯过苯甲酸(199mg,0.807mmol,70%)获得。将混合物在环境温度下搅拌3小时。快速层析纯化(环己烷/乙酸乙酯3:1)得到呈固体的2-[5-(4-氯吡唑-1-基)-3-乙基磺酰基-2-吡啶基]-3-甲基-6-(三氟甲基)咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶(化合物P16)(142mg)(mp 207℃-210℃)。LCMS(方法1):471/473(M+H)+,保留时间1.01min。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:1.41(t,3H),3.88(q,2H),3.93(s,3H),7.82(s,1H),8.12(s,1H),8.16(s,1H),8.73(d,1H),9.00(s,1H),9.39(d,1H)。
表P1:具有化学式(I)的化合物的实例
表I1:具有化学式(IV)的中间化合物的实例
通过添加其他有杀昆虫、杀螨和/或杀真菌活性的成分,根据本发明的组合物的活性可以显著地加宽,并且适合于当时的环境。具有化学式I的化合物与其他具有杀昆虫、杀螨和/或杀真菌活性的成分的混合物还可以具有另外的意料之外的优点,这些优点还可以在更宽的含义上描述为协同活性。例如,植物对其更好的耐受性、降低的植物毒性,昆虫可以在它们的不同发育阶段得到控制或者在它们的生产期间(例如,在研磨或者混合过程中,在它们的储藏或它们的使用过程中)更好的行为。
在这里,合适的活性成分的添加物是例如下面类别的活性成分的代表物:有机磷化合物、硝基苯酚衍生物、硫脲、保幼激素、甲脒、二苯甲酮衍生物、脲类、吡咯衍生物、氨基甲酸酯、拟除虫菊酯、氯化烃、酰基脲、吡啶基亚甲基氨基衍生物、大环内酯类、新烟碱以及苏云金杆菌制剂。
以下具有化学式I的化合物与活性成分的混合物是优选的(缩写“TX”意为“选自下组的一种化合物,该组由描述于本发明的表1至6以及P1中的化合物组成”):
一种佐剂,该佐剂选自由以下物质组成的组:石油(别名)(628)+TX,
一种杀螨剂,该杀螨剂选自由以下物质组成的组:1,1-二(4-氯苯基)-2-乙氧基乙醇(IUPAC名称)(910)+TX、2,4-二氯苯基苯磺酸酯(IUPAC/化学文摘名称)(1059)+TX、2-氟-N-甲基-N-1-萘乙酰胺(IUPAC名称)(1295)+TX、4-氯苯基苯基砜(IUPAC名称)(981)+TX、阿维菌素(1)+TX、灭螨醌(3)+TX、乙酰虫腈[CCN]+TX、氟丙菊酯(9)+TX、涕灭威(16)+TX、涕灭砜威(863)+TX、α-氯氰菊酯(202)+TX、赛硫磷(870)+TX、磺胺螨酯[CCN]+TX、逐磷酰胺(872)+TX、胺吸磷(875)+TX、胺吸磷草酸氢盐(875)+TX、双甲脒(24)+TX、杀螨特(881)+TX、三氧化二砷(882)+TX、AVI 382(化合物代码)+TX、AZ 60541(化合物代码)+TX、益棉磷(44)+TX、保棉磷(45)+TX、偶氮苯(IUPAC名称)(888)+TX、三唑锡(46)+TX、偶氮磷(889)+TX、奔菌灵(62)+TX、苯噁磷(别名)[CCN]+TX、苯螨特(71)+TX、苯甲酸苄酯(IUPAC名称)[CCN]+TX、联苯肼酯(74)+TX、氟氯菊酯(76)+TX、乐杀螨(907)+TX、溴灭菊酯(别名)+TX、溴烯杀(918)+TX、溴硫磷(920)+TX、乙基溴硫磷(921)+TX、溴螨酯(94)+TX、噻嗪酮(99)+TX、丁酮威(103)+TX、丁酮砜威(104)+TX、丁基哒螨灵(别名)+TX、石硫合剂(IUPAC名称)(111)+TX、毒杀芬(941)+TX、氯灭杀威(943)+TX、甲萘威(115)+TX、克百威(118)+TX、三硫磷(947)+TX、CGA 50’439(研究代码)(125)+TX、灭螨猛(126)+TX、杀螨醚(959)+TX、杀虫脒(964)+TX、杀虫脒盐酸盐(964)+TX、溴虫腈(130)+TX、杀螨醇(968)+TX、杀螨酯(970)+TX、敌螨特(971)+TX、毒虫畏(131)+TX、乙酯杀螨醇(975)+TX、伊托明(977)+TX、灭虫脲(978)+TX、丙酯杀螨醇(983)+TX、毒死蜱(145)+TX、甲基毒死蜱(146)+TX、虫螨磷(994)+TX、瓜菊酯I(696)+TX、瓜菊酯II(696)+TX、瓜叶菊素(696)+TX、四螨嗪(158)+TX、氯氰碘柳胺(别名)[CCN]+TX、蝇毒磷(174)+TX、巴豆酰甲苯胺(别名)[CCN]+TX、巴毒磷(1010)+TX、硫杂灵(1013)+TX、果虫磷(1020)+TX、丁氟螨酯(CAS登记号:400882-07-7)+TX、高效氯氟氰菊酯(196)+TX、三环锡(199)+TX、氯氰菊酯(201)+TX、DCPM(1032)+TX、DDT(219)+TX、田乐磷(1037)+TX、田乐磷-O(1037)+TX、田乐磷-S(1037)+TX、内吸磷(1038)+TX、内吸磷-甲基(224)+TX、内吸磷-O(1038)+TX、内吸磷-O-甲基(224)+TX、内吸磷-S(1038)+TX、内吸磷-S-甲基(224)+TX、内吸磷-S-甲基磺隆(demeton-S-methylsulphon)(1039)+TX、丁醚脲(226)+TX、氯亚胺硫磷(1042)+TX、二嗪农(227)+TX、抑菌灵(230)+TX、敌敌畏(236)+TX、二克磷(dicliphos)(别名)+TX、三氯杀螨醇(242)+TX、百治磷(243)+TX、除螨灵(1071)+TX、甲氟磷(1081)+TX、乐果(262)+TX、二活菌素(别名)(653)+TX、消螨酚(1089)+TX、消螨酚(dinex-diclexine)(1089)+TX、消螨通(269)+TX、敌螨普(270)+TX、敌螨普-4[CCN]+TX、敌螨普-6[CCN]+TX、邻敌螨消(1090)+TX、硝戊酯(1092)+TX、硝辛酯杀螨剂(1097)+TX、硝丁酯(1098)+TX、敌杀磷(1102)+TX、二苯砜(IUPAC名称)(1103)+TX、双硫仑(别名)[CCN]+TX、乙拌磷(278)+TX、DNOC(282)+TX、多芬纳普(dofenapyn)(1113)+TX、多拉菌素(别名)CCN]+TX、硫丹(294)+TX、因毒磷(1121)+TX、EPN(297)+TX、乙酰氨基阿维菌素(别名)[CCN]+TX、乙硫磷(309)+TX、益硫磷(1134)+TX、乙螨唑(320)+TX、乙嘧硫磷(1142)+TX、抗螨唑(1147)+TX、喹螨醚(328)+TX、苯丁锡(330)+TX、苯硫威(337)+TX、甲氰菊酯(342)+TX、吡螨胺(别名)+TX、唑螨酯(345)+TX、芬螨酯(1157)+TX、芬催凡尼尔(fentrifanil)(1161)+TX、氰戊菊酯(349)+TX、氟虫腈(354)+TX、嘧螨酯(360)+TX、氟佐隆(1166)+TX、氟螨噻(1167)+TX、氟螨脲(366)+TX、氟氰戊菊酯(367)+TX、联氟螨(1169)+TX、氟虫脲(370)+TX、氟氯苯菊酯(372)+TX、氟杀螨(1174)+TX、氟胺氰菊酯(1184)+TX、FMC1137(研究代码)(1185)+TX、伐虫脒(405)+TX、伐虫脒盐酸盐(405)+TX、安果(1192)+TX、胺甲威(1193)+TX、γ-六氯环己烷(430)+TX、果绿定(1205)+TX、苄螨醚(424)+TX、庚烯磷(432)+TX、十六环丙烷(IUPAC/化学文摘名称)(1216)+TX、噻螨酮(441)+TX、碘甲烷(IUPAC名称)(542)+TX、水胺硫磷(别名)(473)+TX、异丙基O-(甲氧基氨基硫代磷酰基)水杨酸酯(IUPAC名称)(473)+TX、伊维菌素(别名)[CCN]+TX、茉酮菊素I(696)+TX、茉酮菊素II(696)+TX、碘硫磷(1248)+TX、林丹(430)+TX、虱螨脲(490)+TX、马拉硫磷(492)+TX、丙螨氰(1254)+TX、灭蚜磷(502)+TX、二噻磷(1261)+TX、二甲噻蒽(别名)[CCN]+TX、虫螨畏(1266)+TX、甲胺磷(527)+TX、杀扑磷(529)+TX、灭虫威(530)+TX、灭多威(531)+TX、溴甲烷(537)+TX、速灭威(550)+TX、速灭磷(556)+TX、自克威(1290)+TX、米尔(557)+TX、米尔贝肟(别名)[CCN]+TX、丙胺氟(1293)+TX、久效磷(561)+TX、茂果(1300)+TX、莫西菌素(别名)[CCN]+TX、二溴磷(567)+TX、NC-184(化合物代码)+TX、NC-512(化合物代码)+TX、氟蚁灵(1309)+TX、尼可霉素(别名)[CCN]+TX、戊氰威(1313)+TX、戊氰威1:1氯化锌复合物(1313)+TX、NNI-0101(化合物代码)+TX、NNI-0250(化合物代码)+TX、氧化乐果(594)+TX、杀线威(602)+TX、异亚砜磷(1324)+TX、砜拌磷(1325)+TX、pp’-DDT(219)+TX、对硫磷(615)+TX、氯菊酯(626)+TX、石油(别名)(628)+TX、芬硫磷(1330)+TX、稻丰散(631)+TX、甲拌磷(636)+TX、伏杀硫磷(637)+TX、硫环磷(1338)+TX、亚胺硫磷(638)+TX、磷胺(639)+TX、辛硫磷(642)+TX、甲基嘧啶磷(652)+TX、氯化松节油(传统名)(1347)+TX、浏阳霉纛(别名)(653)+TX、丙氯诺(1350)+TX、丙溴磷(662)+TX、蜱虱威(1354)+TX、克螨特(671)+TX、强敌(673)+TX、残杀威(678)+TX、乙噻唑磷(1360)+TX、发果(1362)+TX、除虫菊酯I(696)+TX、除虫菊酯II(696)+TX、除虫菊酯(696)+TX、哒螨灵(699)+TX、哒嗪硫磷(701)+TX、嘧螨醚(706)+TX、嘧硫磷(1370)+TX、喹硫磷(711)+TX、喹硫磷(1381)+TX、R-1492(研究代码)(1382)+TX、RA-17(研究代码)(1383)+TX、鱼藤酮(722)+TX、八甲磷(1389)+TX、硫线磷(别名)+TX、司拉克丁(别名)[CCN]+TX、SI-0009(化合物代码)+TX、苏硫磷(1402)+TX、螺螨酯(738)+TX、甲螨酯(739)+TX、SSI-121(研究代码)(1404)+TX、舒非仑(别名)[CCN]+TX、氟虫胺(750)+TX、治螟磷(753)+TX、硫(754)+TX、SZI-121(研究代码)(757)+TX、氟胺氰菊酯(398)+TX、吡螨胺(763)+TX、TEPP(1417)+TX、叔丁威(别名)+TX、杀虫威(777)+TX、三氯杀螨砜(786)+TX、杀螨素(别名)(653)+TX、杀螨硫醚(1425)+TX、thiafenox(别名)+TX、抗虫威(1431)+TX、久效威(800)+TX、甲基乙拌磷(801)+TX、克杀螨(1436)+TX、苏云金素(别名)[CCN]+TX、威菌磷(1441)+TX、苯螨噻(1443)+TX、三唑磷(820)+TX、唑蚜威(triazuron)(别名)+TX、敌百虫(824)+TX、氯苯乙丙磷(1455)+TX、三活菌素(别名)(653)+TX、蚜灭磷(847)+TX、氟吡唑虫[CCN]以及YI-5302(化合物代码)+TX,
一种杀藻剂,该杀藻剂选自由以下物质组成的组:3-苯并[b]噻吩-2-基-5,6-二氢-1,4,2-噁噻嗪-4-氧化物[CCN]+TX、二辛酸铜(IUPAC名称)(170)+TX、硫酸铜(172)+TX、cybutryne[CCN]+TX、二氢萘醌(dichlone)(1052)+TX、双氯酚(232)+TX、茵多酸(295)+TX、三苯锡(fentin)(347)+TX、熟石灰[CCN]+TX、代森钠(nabam)(566)+TX、灭藻醌(quinoclamine)(714)+TX、醌萍胺(quinonamid)(1379)+TX、西玛津(730)+TX、三苯锡乙酸盐(IUPAC名称)(347)和氢氧化三苯锡(IUPAC名称)(347)+TX,
一种驱蠕虫剂,该驱蠕虫剂选自由以下物质组成的组:阿巴美丁(1)+TX、克芦磷酯(1011)+TX、多拉克汀(别名)[CCN]+TX、依马克丁(291)+TX、依马克丁苯甲酸酯(291)+TX、依立诺克丁(别名)[CCN]+TX、伊维菌素(别名)[CCN]+TX、米尔倍霉素(别名)[CCN]+TX、莫昔克丁(别名)[CCN]+TX、哌嗪[CCN]+TX、塞拉菌素(selamectin)(别名)[CCN]+TX、多杀菌素(737)和硫菌灵(thiophanate)(1435)+TX,
一种杀鸟剂,该杀鸟剂选自由以下物质组成的组:氯醛糖(127)+TX、异狄氏剂(1122)+TX、倍硫磷(346)+TX、吡啶-4-胺(IUPAC名称)(23)和士的宁(745)+TX,
一种杀细菌剂,该杀细菌剂选自由以下物质组成的组:1-羟基-1H-吡啶-2-硫酮(IUPAC名称)(1222)+TX、4-(喹喔啉-2-基氨基)苯磺酰胺(IUPAC名称)(748)+TX、8-羟基喹啉硫酸盐(446)+TX、溴硝醇(97)+TX、二辛酸铜(IUPAC名称)(170)+TX、氢氧化铜(IUPAC名称)(169)+TX、甲酚[CCN]+TX、双氯酚(232)+TX、双吡硫翁(1105)+TX、多地辛(1112)+TX、敌磺钠(fenaminosulf)(1144)+TX、甲醛(404)+TX、汞加芬(别名)[CCN]+TX、春雷霉素(483)+TX、春雷霉素盐酸盐水合物(483)+TX、二(二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸盐)镍(IUPAC名称)(1308)+TX、三氯甲基吡啶(nitrapyrin)(580)+TX、辛噻酮(octhilinone)(590)+TX、奥索利酸(606)+TX、土霉素(611)+TX、羟基喹啉硫酸钾(446)+TX、烯丙苯噻唑(probenazole)(658)+TX、链霉素(744)+TX、链霉素倍半硫酸盐(744)+TX、叶枯酞(766)+TX、和硫柳汞(别名)[CCN]+TX,
一种生物试剂,该生物试剂选自由以下物质构成的组:棉褐带卷蛾颗粒体病毒(Adoxophyes orana GV)(别名)(12)+TX、放射形土壤杆菌(别名)(13)+TX、捕食螨(别名)(19)+TX、芹菜夜蛾核多角体病毒(Anagrapha falcifera NPV)(别名)(28)+TX、Anagrusatomus(别名)(29)+TX、蚜虫寄生蜂(别名)(33)+TX、棉蚜寄生蜂(别名)(34)+TX、食蚜瘿蚊(别名)(35)+TX、苜蓿银纹夜蛾核多角体病毒(Autographa californica NPV)(别名)(38)+TX、坚强芽孢杆菌(别名)(48)+TX、球形芽孢杆菌(学名)(49)+TX、苏云金杆菌(Bacillusthuringiensis Berliner)(学名)(51)+TX、苏云金杆菌鲇泽亚种(Bacillusthuringiensis subsp.aizawai)(学名)(51)+TX、苏云金杆菌以色列亚种(Bacillusthuringiensis subsp.israelensis)(学名)(51)+TX、苏云金杆菌日本亚种(Bacillusthuringiensis subsp.japonensis)(学名)(51)+TX、苏云金杆菌k.(Bacillusthuringiensis subsp.kurstaki)(学名)(51)+TX、苏云金杆菌t.(Bacillusthuringiensis subsp.tenebrionis)(学名)(51)+TX、球孢白僵茵(别名)(53)+TX、布氏白僵茵(别名)(54)+TX、草蜻蛉(别名)(151)+TX、孟氏隐唇瓢虫(别名)(178)+TX、苹果蠹蛾颗粒体病毒(Cydia pomonella GV)(别名)(191)+TX、西伯利亚离颚茧蜂(别名)(212)+TX、豌豆潜叶蝇姬小蜂(别名)(254)+TX、丽蚜小蜂(学名)(293)+TX、桨角蚜小蜂(别名)(300)+TX、玉米穗夜蛾核多角体病毒(Helicoverpa zea NPV)(别名)(431)+TX、嗜茵异小杆线虫和H.megidis(别名)(433)+TX、会聚长足瓢虫(Hippodamia convergens)(别名)(442)+TX、橘粉介壳虫寄生蜂(Leptomastix dactylopii)(别名)(488)+TX、盲蝽(Macrolophuscaliginosus)(别名)(491)+TX、甘蓝夜蛾核多角体病毒(Mamestra brassicae NPV)(别名)(494)+TX、Metaphycus helvolus(别名)(522)+TX、黄绿绿僵茵(Metarhizium anisopliaevar.acridum)(学名)(523)+TX、金龟子绿僵菌小孢变种(Metarhizium anisopliaevar.anisopliae)(学名)(523)+TX、松黄叶蜂(Neodiprion sertifer)核多角体病毒和红头松树叶蜂(N.lecontei)核多角体病毒(别名)(575)+TX、小花蝽(别名)(596)+TX、玫烟色拟青霉(别名)(613)+TX、智利捕植螨(别名)(644)+TX、甜菜夜蛾(Spodoptera exiguamulticapsid)多核衣壳核多角体病毒(学名)(741)+TX、毛蚊线虫(别名)(742)+TX、小卷蛾斯氏线虫(别名)(742)+TX、夜蛾斯氏线虫(别名)(742)+TX、Steinernema glaseri(别名)(742)+TX、Steinernema riobrave(别名)(742)+TX、Steinernema riobravis(别名)(742)+TX、Steinernema scapterisci(别名)(742)+TX、斯氏线虫属(别名)(742)+TX、赤眼蜂属(别名)(826)+TX、西方盲走螨(别名)(844)和蜡蚧轮枝茵(别名)(848)+TX,
一种土壤消毒剂,该土壤消毒剂选自由以下物质组成的组:碘甲烷(IUPAC名称)(542)和甲基溴(537)+TX,
一种化学不育剂,该化学不育剂选自由以下物质组成的组:唑磷嗪(apholate)[CCN]+TX、双(氮丙啶)甲氨基膦硫化物(bisazir)(别名)[CCN]+TX、白消安(别名)[CCN]+TX、除虫脲(250)+TX、迪麦替夫(dimatif)(别名)[CCN]+TX、六甲蜜胺(hemel)[CCN]+TX、六甲磷(hempa)[CCN]+TX、甲基涕巴(metepa)[CCN]+TX、甲硫涕巴(methiotepa)[CCN]+TX、不育特(methyl apholate)[CCN]+TX、不孕啶(morzid)[CCN]+TX、氟幼脲(penfluron)(别名)[CCN]+TX、涕巴(tepa)[CCN]+TX、硫代六甲磷(thiohempa)(别名)[CCN]+TX、硫涕巴(别名)[CCN]+TX、曲他胺(别名)[CCN]和尿烷亚胺(别名)[CCN]+TX,
一种昆虫信息素,该昆虫信息素选自由以下物质组成的组:(E)-癸-5-烯-1-基乙酸酯与(E)-癸-5-烯-1-醇(IUPAC名称)(222)+TX、(E)-十三碳-4-烯-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(829)+TX、(E)-6-甲基庚-2-烯-4-醇(IUPAC名称)(541)+TX、(E,Z)-十四碳-4,10-二烯-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(779)+TX、(Z)-十二碳-7-烯-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(285)+TX、(Z)-十六碳-11-烯醛(IUPAC名称)(436)+TX、(Z)-十六碳-11-烯-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(437)+TX、(Z)-十六碳-13-烯-11-炔-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(438)+TX、(Z)-二十-13-烯-10-酮(IUPAC名称)(448)+TX、(Z)-十四碳-7-烯-1-醛(IUPAC名称)(782)+TX、(Z)-十四碳-9-烯-1-醇(IUPAC名称)(783)+TX、(Z)-十四碳-9-烯-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(784)+TX、(7E,9Z)-十二碳-7,9-二烯-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(283)+TX、(9Z,11E)-十四碳-9,11-二烯-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(780)+TX、(9Z,12E)-十四碳-9,12-二烯-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(781)+TX、14-甲基十八-1-烯(IUPAC名称)(545)+TX、4-甲基壬醛-5-醇与4-甲基壬醛-5-酮(IUPAC名称)(544)+TX、α-多纹素(multistriatin)(别名)[CCN]+TX、西部松小蠹集合信息素(brevicomin)(别名)[CCN]+TX、十二碳二烯醇(codlelure)(别名)[CCN]+TX、十二碳二烯醇(codlemone)(别名)(167)+TX、诱蝇酮(cuelure)(别名)(179)+TX、环氧十九烷(disparlure)(277)+TX、十二碳-8-烯-1基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(286)+TX、十二碳-9-烯-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(287)+TX、十二碳-8+TX、10-二烯-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(284)+TX、多米尼加(dominicalure)(别名)[CCN]+TX、4-甲基辛酸乙酯(IUPAC名称)(317)+TX、丁香酚(别名)[CCN]+TX、南部松小蠹集合信息素(frontalin)(别名)[CCN]+TX、诱虫十六酯(gossyplure)(别名)(420)+TX、诱杀烯混剂(grandlure)(421)+TX、诱杀烯混剂I(别名)(421)+TX、诱杀烯混剂II(别名)(421)+TX、诱杀烯混剂III(别名)(421)+TX、诱杀烯混剂IV(别名)(421)+TX、醋酸十六烯酯(hexalure)[CCN]+TX、齿小蠹二烯醇(ipsdienol)(别名)[CCN]+TX、小蠢烯醇(ipsenol)(别名)[CCN]+TX、金龟子性诱剂(japonilure)(别名)(481)+TX、里尼汀(lineatin)(别名)[CCN]+TX、利特乐(litlure)(别名)[CCN]+TX、粉纹夜蛾性诱剂(looplure)(别名)[CCN]+TX、诱杀酯(medlure)[CCN]+TX、蒙托么克酸(megatomoicacid)(别名)[CCN]+TX、诱虫醚(methyl eugenol)(别名)(540)+TX、诱虫烯(muscalure)(563)+TX、十八-2,13-二烯-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(588)+TX、十八-3,13-二烯-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(589)+TX、贺康彼(orfralure)(别名)[CCN]+TX、oryctalure(别名)(317)+TX、非乐康(ostramone)(别名)[CCN]+TX、诱虫环(siglure)[CCN]+TX、索地丁(sordidin)(别名)(736)+TX、食菌甲诱醇(sulcatol)(别名)[CCN]+TX、十四-11-烯-1-基乙酸酯(IUPAC名称)(785)+TX、特诱酮(839)+TX、特诱酮A(别名)(839)+TX、特诱酮B1(别名)(839)+TX、特诱酮B2(别名)(839)+TX、特诱酮C(别名)(839)和创科尔(trunc-call)(别名)[CCN]+TX,
一种昆虫驱避剂,该昆虫驱避剂选自由以下物质组成的组:2-(辛基硫代)乙醇(IUPAC名称)(591)+TX、避蚊酮(butopyronoxyl)(933)+TX、丁氧基(聚丙二醇)(936)+TX、己二酸二丁酯(IUPAC名称)(1046)+TX、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(1047)+TX、丁二酸二丁酯(IUPAC名称)(1048)+TX、避蚊胺[CCN]+TX、避蚊胺[CCN]+TX、驱蚊酯(dimethyl carbate)[CCN]+TX、乙基己二醇(1137)+TX、己脲[CCN]+TX、甲喹丁(methoquin-butyl)(1276)+TX、甲基新癸酰胺[CCN]+TX、氨羰基甲酸酯(oxamate)[CCN]和羟哌酯[CCN]+TX,
一种杀昆虫剂,该杀昆虫剂选自由以下物质组成的组:1-二氯-1-硝基乙烷(IUPAC/化学文摘名称)(1058)+TX、1,1-二氯-2,2-双(4-乙基苯基)乙烷(IUPAC名称)(1056)+TX、1,2-二氯丙烷(IUPAC/化学文摘名称)(1062)+TX、具有1,3-二氯丙烯的1,2-二氯丙烷(IUPAC名称)(1063)+TX、1-溴-2-氯乙烷(IUPAC/化学文摘名称)(916)+TX、2,2,2-三氯-1-(3,4-二氯苯基)乙酸乙酯(IUPAC名)(1451)+TX、2,2-二氯乙烯基2-乙基亚磺酰基乙基甲基磷酸酯(IUPAC名)(1066)+TX、2-(1,3-1,3-二硫戊烷-2-基)苯基二甲基氨基甲酸酯(IUPAC/化学文摘名称)(1109)+TX、2-(2-叔氧基乙氧基)乙基硫氰酸酯(IUPAC/化学文摘名称)(935)+TX、2-(4,5-二甲基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-基)苯基甲基氨基甲酸酯(IUPAC/化学文摘名称)(1084)+TX、2-(4-氯-3,5-二甲基苯氧基)乙醇(IUPAC名)(986)+TX、2-氯乙烯基二乙基磷酸酯(IUPAC名)(984)+TX、2-咪唑烷酮(IUPAC名)(1225)+TX、2-isovalerylindan-1,3-二酮(IUPAC名)(1246)+TX、2-甲基(丙-2-炔基)氨基苯基甲基氨基甲酸酯(IUPAC名)(1284)+TX、2-硫氰酸醇乙基月桂酸酯(IUPAC名)(1433)+TX、3-溴-1-氯丙-1-烯(IUPAC名)(917)+TX、3-甲基-1-苯基吡唑-5-基二甲基氨基甲酸酯(IUPAC名)(1283)+TX、4-甲基(丙-2-炔基)氨基-3,5-二甲苯基基甲基氨基甲酸酯(IUPAC名)(1285)+TX、5,5-二甲基-3-氧代环己-1-烯基二甲基氨基甲酸酯(IUPAC名)(1085)+TX、阿维菌素(1)+TX、乙酰甲胺磷(2)+TX、啶虫脒(4)+TX、家蝇磷杀虫剂(别名)[CCN]+TX、乙酰虫腈[CCN]+TX、氟丙菊酯(9)+TX、丙烯腈(IUPAC名)(861)+TX、棉铃威(15)+TX、涕灭威(16)+TX、涕灭砜威(863)+TX、艾氏剂(864)+TX、烯丙菊酯(17)+TX、阿洛氨菌素(别名)[CCN]+TX、除害威(866)+TX、α-氯氰菊酯(202)+TX、α-蜕皮激素(别名)[CCN]+TX、磷化铝(640)+TX、赛果(870)+TX、果满磷(872)+TX、灭害威(873)+TX、胺吸磷杀螨剂(875)+TX、草酸氢胺吸磷(amiton hydrogen oxalate)(875)+TX、双甲脒(24)+TX、新烟碱(877)+TX、乙基杀扑磷(883)+TX、AVI 382(化合物代码)+TX、AZ60541(化合物代码)+TX、印楝素(别名)(41)+TX、甲基吡啶磷(42)+TX、乙基谷硫磷(44)+TX、甲基谷硫磷(45)+TX、偶氮磷(889)+TX、苏云金芽孢杆菌δ内毒素(别名)(52)+TX、六氟硅酸钡(别名)[CCN]+TX、多硫化钡(IUPAC/化学文摘名称)(892)+TX、熏菊酯[CCN]+TX、拜耳22/190(研究代码)(893)+TX、拜耳22408(研究代码)(894)+TX、恶虫威(58)+TX、丙硫克百威(60)+TX、杀虫磺(66)+TX、β-氟氯氰菊酯(194)+TX、β-氯氰菊酯(203)+TX、联苯菊酯(76)+TX、生物丙烯菊酯(78)+TX、生物丙烯菊酯S-环戊烯基异构体(别名)(79)+TX、戊环苄呋菊酯[CCN]+TX、生物氯菊酯(908)+TX、苄呋菊脂(80)+TX、双(2-氯乙基)醚(IUPAC名)(909)+TX、双三氟虫脲(83)+TX、硼砂(86)+TX、溴灭菊酯(别名)+TX、溴苯烯磷(914)+TX、溴烯杀(918)+TX、溴-DDT(别名)[CCN]+TX、溴硫磷(920)+TX、溴硫磷-乙基(921)+TX、合杀威(924)+TX、稻虱净(99)+TX、畜虫威(926)+TX、特嘧硫磷(927)+TX、丁酮威(103)+TX、丁酯磷(932)+TX、丁酮砜威(104)+TX、丁基哒螨灵(别名)+TX、硫线磷(109)+TX、砷酸钙[CCN]+TX、氰化钙(444)+TX、多硫化钙(IUPAC名称)(111)+TX、毒杀芬(941)+TX、氯灭杀威(943)+TX、西维因(115)+TX、卡巴呋喃(118)+TX、二硫化碳(IUPAC/化学文摘名称)(945)+TX、四氯化碳(IUPAC名)(946)+TX、三硫磷(947)+TX、丁硫克百威(119)+TX、杀螟丹(123)+TX、盐酸杀螟丹(123)+TX、瑟瓦定(别名)(725)+TX、冰片丹(960)+TX、氯丹(128)+TX、十氯酮(963)+TX、杀虫脒(964)+TX、盐酸杀虫脒(964)+TX、氯氧磷(129)+TX、溴虫腈(130)+TX、毒虫畏(131)+TX、氟啶脲(132)+TX、氯甲磷(136)+TX、氯仿[CCN]+TX、氯化苦(141)+TX、氯腈肟磷(989)+TX、氯吡唑磷(990)+TX、毒死蜱(145)+TX、毒死蜱-甲基(146)+TX、虫螨磷(994)+TX、环虫酰肼(150)+TX、瓜菊酯I(696)+TX、瓜菊酯II(696)+TX、瓜菊酯(696)+TX、顺式-苄呋菊脂(别名)+TX、顺式苄呋菊酯(80)+TX、三氟氯氰菊酯(别名)+TX、地虫威(999)+TX、氯氰碘柳胺(别名)[CCN]+TX、噻虫胺(165)+TX、乙酰亚砷酸铜[CCN]+TX、砷酸铜[CCN]+TX、油酸铜[CCN]+TX、蝇毒磷(174)+TX、畜虫磷(1006)+TX、克罗米通(别名)[CCN]+TX、巴毒磷(1010)+TX、育畜磷(1011)+TX、冰晶石(别名)(177)+TX、CS 708(研究代码)(1012)+TX、苯腈磷(1019)+TX、杀螟腈(184)+TX、果虫磷(1020)+TX、环虫菊酯[CCN]+TX、乙氰菊脂(188)+TX、氟氯氰菊酯(193)+TX、三氟氯氰菊酯(196)+TX、氯氰菊酯(201)+TX、苯氰菊酯(206)+TX、灭蝇胺(209)+TX、畜蜱磷(别名)[CCN]+TX、d-柠檬烯(别名)[CCN]+TX、d-胺菊酯(别名)(788)+TX、DAEP(1031)+TX、棉隆(216)+TX、DDT(219)+TX、一甲呋喃丹(1034)+TX、溴氰菊酯(223)+TX、田乐磷(1037)+TX、田乐磷-O(1037)+TX、田乐磷-S(1037)+TX、内吸磷(1038)+TX、内吸磷-甲基(224)+TX、内吸磷-O(1038)+TX、内吸磷-O-甲基(224)+TX、内吸磷-S(1038)+TX、内吸磷-S-甲基(224)+TX、横吸怜(demeton-S-methylsulphon)(1039)+TX、丁醚脲(226)+TX、氯亚胺硫磷(1042)+TX、二胺磷(1044)+TX、二嗪农(227)+TX、异氯硫磷(1050)+TX、除线磷(1051)+TX、敌敌畏(236)+TX、二克磷(别名)+TX、敌来死(别名)[CCN]+TX、百治磷(243)+TX、地昔尼尔(244)+TX、狄氏剂(1070)+TX、5-甲基吡唑-3-基磷酸二乙基酯(IUPAC名)(1076)+TX、除虫脲(250)+TX、双羟丙茶碱(别名)[CCN]+TX、四氟甲醚菊酯[CCN]+TX、甲氟磷(1081)+TX、地麦威(1085)+TX、乐果(262)+TX、苄菌酯(1083)+TX、甲基毒虫畏(265)+TX、敌蝇威(1086)+TX、消螨酚(1089)+TX、消螨酚(dinex-diclexine)(1089)+TX、丙硝酚(1093)+TX、戊硝酚(1094)+TX、地乐酚(1095)+TX、呋虫胺(271)+TX、苯虫醚(1099)+TX、蔬果磷(1100)+TX、二氧威(1101)+TX、敌杀磷(1102)+TX、乙拌磷(278)+TX、噻喃磷(1108)+TX、DNOC(282)+TX、多拉菌素(别名)[CCN]+TX、DSP(1115)+TX、脱皮甾酮(别名)[CCN]+TX、EI 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72129(研究代码)(1397)+TX、亚砷酸钠[CCN]+TX、氰化钠(444)+TX、氟化钠(IUPAC/化学文摘名称)(1399)+TX、六氟硅酸钠(1400)+TX、五氯酚钠(623)+TX、硒酸钠(IUPAC名称)(1401)+TX、硫氰酸钠[CCN]+TX、苏硫磷(1402)+TX、多杀菌素(737)+TX、螺甲螨酯(739)+TX、螺虫乙酯(CCN)+TX、磺苯醚隆(746)+TX、磺苯醚隆-钠(746)+TX、氟虫胺(750)+TX、治螟磷(753)+TX、氟化硫酰基(756)+TX、硫丙磷(1408)+TX、焦油(别名)(758)+TX、氟胺氰菊酯(tau-fluvalinate)(398)+TX、噻螨威(1412)+TX、TDE(1414)+TX、虫酰肼(762)+TX、吡螨胺(763)+TX、丁基嘧啶磷(764)+TX、氟苯脲(768)+TX、七氟菊酯(769)+TX、双硫磷(770)+TX、TEPP(1417)+TX、环戊烯丙菊酯(1418)+TX、叔丁威(别名)+TX、特丁磷(773)+TX、四氯乙烷[CCN]+TX、杀虫畏(777)+TX、胺菊酯(787)+TX、θ-氯氰菊酯(204)+TX、噻虫啉(791)+TX、噻芬诺(别名)+TX、噻虫嗪(792)+TX、苯噻硫磷(1428)+TX、抗虫威(1431)+TX、杀虫环(798)+TX、草酸氢杀虫环(798)+TX、硫敌克(799)+TX、久效威(800)+TX、甲基乙拌磷(801)+TX、硫磷嗪(1434)+TX、杀虫双(803)+TX、杀虫双(thiosultap-sodium)(803)+TX、苏云金素(别名)[CCN]+TX、唑虫酰胺(809)+TX、四溴菊酯(812)+TX、四氟苯菊酯(813)+TX、反氯菊酯(1440)+TX、威菌磷(1441)+TX、唑蚜威(818)+TX、三唑磷(820)+TX、唑呀威(别名)+TX、三氯磷酸酯(824)+TX、异皮蝇磷-3(别名)[CCN]+TX、毒壤膦(1452)+TX、三氯丙氧磷(1455)+TX、杀虫隆(835)+TX、混杀威(840)+TX、烯虫硫酯(1459)+TX、蚜灭多(847)+TX、氟吡唑虫[CCN]+TX、藜芦定(别名)(725)+TX、藜芦碱(别名)(725)+TX、XMC(853)+TX、灭杀威(854)+TX、YI-5302(化合物代码)+TX、C-氯氰菊酯(205)+TX、zetamethrin(别名)+TX、磷化辞(640)+TX、zolaprofos(1469)和ZXI 8901(研究代码)(858)+TX、氰虫酰胺[736994-63-19]+TX、氯虫苯甲酰胺[500008-45-7]+TX、腈吡螨酯[560121-52-0]+TX、丁氟螨酯[400882-07-7]+TX、新喹唑啉[337458-27-2]+TX、乙基多杀菌素[187166-40-1+187166-15-0]+TX、螺虫乙酯[203313-25-1]+TX、砜虫啶[946578-00-3]+TX、丁烯氟虫腈[704886-18-0]+TX、氯氟醚菊酯[915288-13-0]+TX、四氟醚菊酯(tetramethylfluthrin)[84937-88-2]+TX、四氟唑菊酯(triflumezopyrim)(在WO 2012/092115所公开的)+TX、氟醚酰胺(fluxametamide)(WO 2007/026965)+TX、ε-甲氧苄氟菊酯[240494-71-7]+TX、ε-氟氯氰菊酯(epsilon-momfluorothrin)[1065124-65-3]+TX、氟唑哚唑(fluazaindolizine)[1254304-22-7]+TX、氯碱丙炔菊酯(chloroprallethrin)[399572-87-3]+TX、氟醚酰胺(fluxametamide)[928783-29-3]+TX、氯氟氰虫酰胺(cyhalodiamide)[1262605-53-7]+TX、噻唑芬(tioxazafen)[330459-31-9]+TX、布洛尼安(broflanilide)[1207727-04-5]+TX、丁烯氟虫腈(flufiprole)[704886-18-0]+TX、环溴虫酰胺(cyclaniliprole)[1031756-98-5]+TX、氟氰虫酰胺(tetraniliprole)[1229654-66-3]+TX、戊吡虫胍(guadipyr)(描述于WO 2010/060231中)+TX、环氧虫啶(cycloxaprid)(描述于WO 2005/077934中)+TX,
一种杀软体动物剂,该杀软体动物剂选自由以下物质组成的组:二(三丁基锡)氧化物(IUPAC名称)(913)+TX、溴乙酰胺[CCN]+TX、砷酸钙[CCN]+TX、除线威(cloethocarb)(999)+TX、乙酰亚砷酸铜[CCN]+TX、硫酸铜(172)+TX、三苯锡(347)+TX、磷酸铁(IUPAC名称)(352)+TX、四聚乙醛(518)+TX、灭虫威(530)+TX、氯硝柳胺(576)+TX、氯硝柳胺乙醇胺盐(576)+TX、五氯酚(623)+TX、五氯苯氧化钠(623)+TX、噻螨威(tazimcarb)(1412)+TX、硫双威(799)+TX、三丁基氧化锡(913)+TX、杀螺吗啉(trifenmorph)(1454)+TX、混杀威(trimethacarb)(840)+TX、乙酸三苯基锡(IUPAC名称)(347)和三苯基氢氧化锡(IUPAC名称)(347)+TX、皮瑞普(pyriprole)[394730-71-3]+TX,
一种杀线虫剂,该杀线虫剂选自由以下物质组成的组:AKD-3088(化合物代码)+TX、1,2-二溴-3-氯丙烷(IUPAC/化学文摘名)(1045)+TX、1,2-二氯丙烷(IUPAC/化学文摘名)(1062)+TX、1,2-二氯丙烷与1,3-二氯丙烯(IUPAC名称)(1063)+TX、1,3-二氯丙烯(233)+TX、3,4-二氯四氢噻吩1,1-二氧化物(IUPAC/化学文摘名)(1065)+TX、3-(4-氯苯基)-5-甲基绕丹宁(IUPAC名称)(980)+TX、5-甲基-6-硫代-1,3,5-噻二嗪烷-3-基乙酸(IUPAC名称)(1286)+TX、6-异戊烯基氨基嘌呤(别名)(210)+TX、阿巴美丁(1)+TX、乙酰虫腈[CCN]+TX、棉铃威(15)+TX、涕灭威(16)+TX、涕灭砜威(863)+TX、AZ 60541(化合物代码)+TX、苯氯噻唑[CCN]+TX、苯茵灵(62)+TX、丁基哒螨酮(butylpyridaben)(别名)+TX、硫线磷(cadusafos)(109)+TX、克百威(carbofuran)(118)+TX、二硫化碳(945)+TX、丁硫克百威(119)+TX、氯化苦(141)+TX、毒死蜱(145)+TX、除线威(cloethocarb)(999)+TX、细胞分裂素(cytokinins)(别名)(210)+TX、棉隆(216)+TX、DBCP(1045)+TX、DCIP(218)+TX、除线特(diamidafos)(1044)+TX、除线磷(dichlofenthion)(1051)+TX、二克磷(dicliphos)(别名)+TX、乐果(262)+TX、多拉克汀(别名)[CCN]+TX、依马克丁(别名)[CCN]+TX、依马克丁苯甲酸酯(291)+TX、依立诺克丁(别名)[CCN]+TX、灭线磷(312)+TX、二溴乙烷(316)+TX、苯线磷(fenamiphos)(326)+TX、吡螨胺(别名)+TX、丰索磷(fenpyrad)(1158)+TX、噻唑磷(fosthiazate)(408)+TX、丁硫环磷(fosthietan)(1196)+TX、糠醛(别名)[CCN]+TX、GY-81(研究代码)(423)+TX、速杀硫磷(heterophos)[CCN]+TX、碘甲烷(IUPAC名称)(542)+TX、氯唑磷(isamidofos)(1230)+TX、氯唑磷(isazofos)(1231)+TX、伊维菌素(别名)[CCN]+TX、激动素(别名)(210)+TX、甲基灭蚜磷(mecarphon)(1258)+TX、威百亩(519)+TX、威百亩钾盐(别名)(519)+TX、威百亩钠盐(519)+TX、甲基溴(537)+TX、异硫氰酸甲酯(543)+TX、杀螨菌素肟(milbemycin oxime)(别名)[CCN]+TX、莫昔克丁(剔名)[CCN]+TX、疣孢漆斑茵(Myrothecium verrucaria)组分(别名)(565)+TX、NC-184(化合物代码)+TX、杀线威(602)+TX、甲拌磷(636)+TX、磷胺(639)+TX、磷虫威(phosphocarb)[CCN]+TX、硫线磷(sebufos)(别名)+TX、塞拉菌素(selamectin)(别名)[CCN]+TX、多杀菌素(737)+TX、叔丁威(terbam)(别名)+TX、特丁磷(terbufos)(773)+TX、四氯噻吩(IUPAC/化学文摘名)(1422)+TX、噻菲农(别名)+TX、虫线磷(thionazin)(1434)+TX、三唑磷(820)+TX、唑呀威(triazuron)(别名)+TX、二甲苯酚[CCN]+TX、YI-5302(化合物代码)和玉米素(别名)(210)+TX、氟噻虫砜(fluensulfone)[318290-98-1]+TX,
一种硝化作用抑制剂,该硝化作用抑制剂选自由以下物质组成的组:乙基黄原酸钾[CCN]以及氯啶(nitrapyrin)(580)+TX,
一种植物激活剂,该植物激活剂选自由以下物质组成的组:噻二唑素(acibenzolar)(6)+TX、噻二唑素-S-甲基(6)+TX、烯丙苯噻唑(probenazole)(658)和大虎杖(Reynoutria sachalinensis)提取物(别名)(720)+TX,
一种杀鼠剂,该杀鼠剂选自由以下物质组成的组:2-异戊酰茚满-1,3-二酮(IUPAC名称)(1246)+TX、4-(喹喔啉-2-基氨基)苯磺酰胺(IUPAC名称)(748)+TX、α-氯代醇[CCN]+TX、磷化铝(640)+TX、安妥(880)+TX、三氧化二砷(882)+TX、碳酸钡(891)+TX、双鼠脲(912)+TX、溴鼠隆(89)+TX、溴敌隆(91)+TX、溴鼠胺(92)+TX、氰化钙(444)+TX、氮醛糖(127)+TX、氯鼠酮(140)+TX、维生素D3(别名)(850)+TX、氯灭鼠灵(1004)+TX、克灭鼠(1005)+TX、杀鼠萘(175)+TX、杀鼠嘧啶(1009)+TX、鼠得克(246)+TX、噻鼠灵(249)+TX、敌鼠钠(273)+TX、维生素D2(301)+TX、氟鼠灵(357)+TX、氟乙酰胺(379)+TX、鼠朴定(1183)+TX、盐酸鼠朴定(1183)+TX、γ-HCH(430)+TX、HCH(430)+TX、氢氰酸(444)+TX、碘甲烷(IUPAC名称)(542)+TX、林旦(430)+TX、磷化镁(IUPAC名称)(640)+TX、甲基溴(537)+TX、鼠特灵(1318)+TX、毒鼠磷(1336)+TX、磷化氢(IUPAC名称)(640)+TX、磷[CCN]+TX、杀鼠酮(1341)+TX、亚砷酸钾[CCN]+TX、灭鼠优(1371)+TX、海葱糖苷(1390)+TX、亚砷酸钠[CCN]+TX、氰化钠(444)+TX、氟乙酸钠(735)+TX、士的宁(745)+TX、硫酸铊[CCN]+TX、杀鼠灵(851)以及磷化锌(640)+TX,
一种增效剂,该增效剂选自由以下物质组成的组:2-(2-丁氧基乙氧基)乙基胡椒基酯(IUPAC名称)(934)+TX、5-(1,3-苯并二氧杂环戊烯-5-基)-3-己基环己-2-烯酮(IUPAC名称)(903)+TX、具有橙花叔醇的法呢醇(别名)(324)+TX、MB-599(研究代码)(498)+TX、MGK264(研究代码)(296)+TX,增效醚(piperonyl butoxide)(649)+TX、增效醛(piprotal)(1343)+TX、增效酯(propyl isomer)(1358)+TX、S421(研究代码)(724)+TX、增效散(sesamex)(1393)+TX、芝麻林素(sesasmolin)(1394)和亚砜(1406)+TX,
一种动物驱避剂,该动物驱避剂选自由以下物质组成的组:蒽醌(32)+TX、氯醛糖(127)+TX、环烷酸铜[CCN]+TX、王铜(171)+TX、二嗪磷(227)+TX、二环戊二烯(化学名称)(1069)+TX、双胍盐(guazatine)(422)+TX、双胍醋酸盐(422)+TX、灭虫威(530)+TX、吡啶-4-胺(IUPAC名称)(23)+TX、塞仑(804)+TX、混杀威(trimethacarb)(840)+TX、环烷酸锌[CCN]和福美锌(856)+TX,
一种杀病毒剂,该杀病毒剂选自由以下物质组成的组:衣马宁(别名)[CCN]和利巴韦林(别名)[CCN]+TX,
一种创伤保护剂,该创伤保护剂选自由以下物质组成的组:氧化汞(512)+TX、辛噻酮(590)和甲基硫茵灵(802)+TX,
以及生物活性化合物,这些化合物选自由以下物质组成的组:阿扎康唑[60207-31-0]+TX、联苯三唑醇[70585-36-3]+TX、糠菌唑[116255-48-2]+TX、环唑醇[94361-06-5]+TX、苯醚甲环唑[119446-68-3]+TX、烯唑醇[83657-24-3]+TX、氟环唑[106325-08-0]+TX、腈苯唑[114369-43-6]+TX、氟喹唑[136426-54-5]+TX、氟硅唑[85509-19-9]+TX、粉唑醇[76674-21-0]+TX、己唑醇[79983-71-4]+TX、抑霉唑[35554-44-0]+TX、亚胺唑[86598-92-7]+TX、种菌唑[125225-28-7]+TX、叶菌唑[125116-23-6]+TX、腈菌唑[88671-89-0]+TX、稻瘟酯[101903-30-4]+TX、戊菌唑[66246-88-6]+TX、丙硫菌唑[178928-70-6]+TX、啶斑肟(pyrifenox)[88283-41-4]+TX、丙氯灵[67747-09-5]+TX、丙环唑[60207-90-1]+TX、硅氟唑(simeconazole)[149508-90-7]+TX、戊唑醇[107534-96-3]+TX、氟醚唑[112281-77-3]+TX、三唑酮[43121-43-3]+TX、三唑酮[55219-65-3]+TX、氟菌唑[99387-89-0]+TX、灭菌唑[131983-72-7]+TX、三环苯嘧醇[12771-68-5]+TX、氯苯嘧啶醇[60168-88-9]+TX、氟氯苯嘧啶醇[63284-71-9]+TX、乙嘧酚磺酸酯(bupirimate)[41483-43-6]+TX、甲菌定(dimethirimol)[5221-53-4]+TX、乙菌定(ethirimol)[23947-60-6]+TX、十二环吗啉[1593-77-7]+TX、苯锈啶(fenpropidine)[67306-00-7]+TX、丁苯吗啉[67564-91-4]+TX、螺环菌胺[118134-30-8]+TX、十三吗啉[81412-43-3]+TX、嘧菌环胺[121552-61-2]+TX、嘧菌胺[110235-47-7]+TX、嘧霉胺(pyrimethanil)[53112-28-0]+TX、拌种咯[74738-17-3]+TX、咯菌腈(fludioxonil)[131341-86-1]+TX、苯霜灵(benalaxyl)[71626-11-4]+TX、呋霜灵(furalaxyl)[57646-30-7]+TX、甲霜灵[57837-19-1]+TX、R甲霜灵[70630-17-0]+TX、呋酰胺[58810-48-3]+TX、恶霜灵(Oxadixyl)[77732-09-3]+TX、苯菌灵[17804-35-2]+TX、多菌灵[10605-21-7]+TX、咪菌威(debacarb)[62732-91-6]+TX、麦穗宁[3878-19-1]+TX、噻苯达唑[148-79-8]+TX、乙菌利(chlozolinate)[84332-86-5]+TX、菌核利(dichlozoline)[24201-58-9]+TX、异菌脲(Iprodione)[36734-19-7]+TX、myclozoline[54864-61-8]+TX、腐霉利(procymidone)[32809-16-8]+TX、乙烯菌核利(vinclozoline)[50471-44-8]+TX、啶酰菌胺(boscalid)[188425-85-6]+TX、萎锈灵[5234-68-4]+TX、甲呋酰苯胺[24691-80-3]+TX、氟酰胺(Flutolanil)[66332-96-5]+TX、灭锈胺[55814-41-0]+TX、氧化萎锈灵[5259-88-1]+TX、吡噻菌胺(penthiopyrad)[183675-82-3]+TX、噻呋菌胺[130000-40-7]+TX、双胍盐[108173-90-6]+TX、多果定(dodine)[2439-10-3][112-65-2](游离键)+TX、双胍辛胺(iminoctadine)[13516-27-3]+TX、嘧菌酯[131860-33-8]+TX、醚菌胺[149961-52-4]+TX、烯肟菌酯{Proc.BCPC,Int.Congr.,Glasgow.2003,1,93}+TX、氟嘧菌酯[361377-29-9]+TX、甲基醚菌酯[143390-89-0]+TX、苯氧菌胺[133408-50-1]+TX、肟菌酯[141517-21-7]+TX、肟醚菌胺[248593-16-0]+TX、啶氧菌酯[117428-22-5]+TX、唑菌胺酯[175013-18-0]+TX、福美铁[14484-64-1]+TX、代森锰锌[8018-01-7]+TX、代森锰[12427-38-2]+TX、代森联[9006-42-2]+TX、甲代森锌(propineb)[12071-83-9]+TX、塞仑[137-26-8]+TX、代森锌[12122-67-7]+TX、福美锌[137-30-4]+TX、敌菌丹(captafol)[2425-06-1]+TX、克菌丹[133-06-2]+TX、苯氟磺胺[1085-98-9]+TX、唑啶草(fluoroimide)[41205-21-4]+TX、灭菌丹[133-07-3]+TX、甲苯氟磺胺[731-27-1]+TX、波尔多(bordeaux)混合物[8011-63-0]+TX、氢氧化铜(copperhydroxid)[20427-59-2]+TX、氯化铜(copperoxychlorid)[1332-40-7]+TX、硫酸铜(coppersulfat)[7758-98-7]+TX、氧化铜(copperoxid)[1317-39-1]+TX、代森锰铜(mancopper)[53988-93-5]+TX、喹啉铜(oxine-copper)[10380-28-6]+TX、敌螨普(dinocap)[131-72-6]+TX、酞菌酯(nitrothal-isopropyl)[10552-74-6]+TX、克瘟散[17109-49-8]+TX、异稻瘟净(iprobenphos)[26087-47-8]+TX、稻瘟灵(isoprothiolane)[50512-35-1]+TX、氯瘟磷(phosdiphen)[36519-00-3]+TX、克菌磷(pyrazophos)[13457-18-6]+TX、甲基托氯磷(tolclofos-methyl)[57018-04-9]+TX、苯并噻二唑(acibenzolar-S-methyl)[135158-54-2]+TX、敌菌灵[101-05-3]+TX、苯噻菌胺[413615-35-7]+TX、灭瘟素(blasticidin)-S[2079-00-7]+TX、灭螨猛(chinomethionat)[2439-01-2]+TX、地茂散(chloroneb)[2675-77-6]+TX、百菌清[1897-45-6]+TX、环氟菌胺[180409-60-3]+TX、霜脲氰[57966-95-7]+TX、二氯萘醌(dichlone)[117-80-6]+TX、双氯氰菌胺(diclocymet)[139920-32-4]+TX、哒菌酮(diclomezine)[62865-36-5]+TX、氯硝胺(dicloran)[99-30-9]+TX、乙霉威(diethofencarb)[87130-20-9]+TX、烯酰吗啉[110488-70-5]+TX、SYPLI90(Flumorph)[211867-47-9]+TX、二噻农(dithianon)[3347-22-6]+TX、噻唑菌胺(ethaboxam)[162650-77-3]+TX、土菌灵(etridiazole)[2593-15-9]+TX、恶唑菌酮[131807-57-3]+TX、咪唑菌酮(fenamidone)[161326-34-7]+TX、稻瘟酰胺(Fenoxanil)[115852-48-7]+TX、三苯锡(fentin)[668-34-8]+TX、嘧菌腙(ferimzone)[89269-64-7]+TX、氟啶胺(fluazinam)[79622-59-6]+TX、氟吡菌胺(fluopicolide)[239110-15-7]+TX、磺菌胺(flusulfamide)[106917-52-6]+TX、环酰菌胺[126833-17-8]+TX、福赛得(fosetyl-aluminium)[39148-24-8]+TX、恶霉灵(hymexazol)[10004-44-1]+TX、丙森锌[140923-17-7]+TX、IKF916(赛座灭(Cyazofamid))[120116-88-3]+TX、春雷霉素(kasugamycin)[6980-18-3]+TX、磺菌威(methasulfocarb)[66952-49-6]+TX、苯菌酮[220899-03-6]+TX、戊菌隆(pencycuron)[66063-05-6]+TX、苯酞[27355-22-2]+TX、多氧霉素(polyoxins)[11113-80-7]+TX、噻菌灵(probenazole)[27605-76-1]+TX、百维威(propamocarb)[25606-41-1]+TX、碘喹唑酮(proquinazid)[189278-12-4]+TX、乐喹酮(pyroquilon)[57369-32-1]+TX、喹氧灵[124495-18-7]+TX、五氯硝苯[82-68-8]+TX、硫[7704-34-9]+TX、噻酰菌胺[223580-51-6]+TX、咪唑嗪(triazoxide)[72459-58-6]+TX、三环唑[41814-78-2]+TX、嗪氨灵[26644-46-2]+TX、有效霉素[37248-47-8]+TX、苯酰菌胺(zoxamide)(RH7281)[156052-68-5]+TX、双炔酰菌胺(mandipropamid)[374726-62-2]+TX、吡蚜酮(isopyrazam)[881685-58-1]+TX、塞德因(sedaxane)[874967-67-6]+TX、3-二氟甲基-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-羧酸(9-二氯亚甲基-1,2,3,4-四氢-1,4-桥亚甲基-萘-5-基)-酰胺(披露于WO 2007/048556中)+TX、3-二氟甲基-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-羧酸(3’,4’,5’-三氟-联苯基-2-基)-酰胺(披露于WO 2006/087343中)+TX、[(3S,4R,4aR,6S,6aS,12R,12aS,12bS)-3-[(环丙基羰基)氧基]-1,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,12,12a,12b-十氢-6,12-二羟基-4,6a,12b-三甲基-11-氧代-9-(3-吡啶基)-2H,11H萘并[2,1-b]吡喃并[3,4-e]吡喃-4-基]甲基-环丙甲酸酯[915972-17-7]+TX以及1,3,5-三甲基-N-(2-甲基-1-氧丙基)-N-[3-(2-甲基丙基)-4-[2,2,2-三氟-1-甲氧基-1-(三氟甲基)乙基]苯基]-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺[926914-55-8]+Tx,和
微生物包括:洛菲不动杆菌+TX、交互枝顶孢(Acremonium alternatum)+TX+TX、头孢霉枝顶孢(Acremonium cephalosporium)+TX+TX、Acremonium diospyri+TX、Acremoniumobclavatum+TX、棉褐带卷蛾颗粒体病毒(AdoxGV)+TX、放射形土壤杆菌菌株K84+TX、互隔链格孢菌+TX、决明链格孢菌+TX、损毁链格孢菌+TX、白粉寄生孢菌+TX、黄曲霉AF36+TX、黄曲霉NRRL 21882+TX、曲霉属+TX、普鲁兰短梗霉+TX、固氮螺菌属+TX、(+TX、TAZO)+TX、固氮菌属+TX、褐球固氮菌+TX、包囊固氮菌(Bionatural Blooming)+TX、解淀粉芽孢杆菌+TX、蜡样芽孢杆菌+TX、蚀几丁芽孢杆菌菌株CM-1+TX、蚀几丁芽孢杆菌菌株AQ746+TX、地衣芽孢杆菌菌株HB-2(BiostartTM )+TX、地衣芽孢杆菌菌株3086(+TX、Green)+TX、环状芽孢杆菌+TX、坚强芽孢杆菌(+TX、BioNem-+TX、)+TX、坚强芽孢杆菌菌株I-1582+TX、浸麻芽孢杆菌+TX、死海芽孢杆菌(Bacillus marismortui)+TX、巨大芽孢杆菌+TX、蕈状芽孢杆菌菌株AQ726+TX、日本甲虫芽孢杆菌(Bacillus papillae)(Milky Spore)+TX、短小芽孢杆菌属+TX、短小芽孢杆菌菌株GB34(Yield)+TX、短小芽孢杆菌菌株AQ717+TX、短小芽孢杆菌菌株QST 2808(+TX、Ballad)+TX、球形芽孢杆菌+TX、芽孢杆菌属+TX、芽孢杆菌属菌株AQ175+TX、芽孢杆菌属菌株AQ177+TX、芽孢杆菌属菌株AQ178+TX、枯草芽孢杆菌菌株QST 713(+TX、+TX、)+TX、枯草芽孢杆菌菌株QST 714+TX、枯草芽孢杆菌菌株AQ153+TX、枯草芽孢杆菌菌株AQ743+TX、枯草芽孢杆菌菌株QST3002+TX、枯草芽孢杆菌菌株QST3004+TX、枯草芽孢杆菌解淀粉变种菌株FZB24(+TX、)+TX、苏云金芽孢杆菌Cry 2Ae+TX、苏云金芽孢杆菌Cry1Ab+TX、苏云金芽孢杆菌鲇泽GC 91+TX、苏云金芽孢杆菌以色列(+TX、+TX、)+TX、苏云金芽孢杆菌库斯塔克(+TX、+TX、+TX、+TX、Scutella+TX、Turilav+TX、+TX、Dipel+TX、+TX、)+TX、苏云金芽孢杆菌库斯塔克BMP123+TX、苏云金芽孢杆菌库斯塔克HD-1(Bioprotec-CAF/)+TX、苏云金芽孢杆菌菌株BD#32+TX、苏云金芽孢杆菌菌株AQ52+TX、苏云金芽孢杆菌鲇泽变种(+TX、)+TX、细菌属(+TX、+TX、)+TX、Clavipacter michiganensis的噬菌体+TX、+TX、球孢白僵菌(+TX、Brocaril)+TX、球孢白僵菌GHA(Mycotrol+TX、Mycotrol+TX、)+TX、布氏白僵菌(+TX、Schweizer+TX、)+TX、白僵菌属+TX、灰葡萄孢菌+TX、慢生型大豆根瘤菌+TX、短短小芽孢杆菌+TX、苏云金芽孢杆菌拟步行甲+TX、BtBooster+TX、洋葱伯克霍尔德菌(+TX、+TX、Blue)+TX、箭鱼伯克霍尔德菌+TX、唐菖蒲伯克霍尔德菌+TX、伯克霍尔德菌属+TX、加拿大蓟真菌(CBH Canadian)+TX、奶油念珠菌+TX、无名念珠菌+TX、果实念珠菌(Candida fructus)+TX、光滑念珠菌+TX、吉利蒙念珠菌+TX、口津念珠菌+TX、橄榄念珠菌(Candida oleophila)菌株O+TX、近平滑念珠菌+TX、菌膜念珠菌+TX、铁红念珠菌+TX、Candida reukaufii+TX、Candida saitoana(Bio-+TX、)+TX、清酒念珠菌+TX、念珠菌属+TX、纤细念珠菌+TX、Cedecea dravisae+TX、产黄纤维单胞菌+TX、螺卷毛壳菌(Chaetomium cochliodes)(Nova-)+TX、球毛壳菌(Nova-)+TX、铁杉下色杆菌(Chromobacterium subtsugae)菌株PRAA4-1T+TX、枝孢样枝孢菌+TX、尖孢枝孢菌+TX、Cladosporium chlorocephalum+TX、枝孢菌属+TX、极细枝孢+TX、粉红粘帚霉+TX、尖孢炭疽菌+TX、小盾壳霉(Coniothyrium minitans)(Cotans)+TX、盾壳霉属+TX、白色隐球菌+TX、腐殖隐球菌+TX、Cryptococcus infirmo-miniatus+TX、罗伦隐球酵母+TX、苹果异形小卷蛾颗粒体病毒+TX、镉抗性细菌+TX、苹果小卷蛾颗粒体病毒(CYD-)+TX、苹果小卷蛾颗粒体病毒(+TX、Madex+TX、Madex Max/)+TX、Cylindrobasidium laeve+TX、柱枝双胞霉属+TX、汉逊德巴利酵母+TX、Drechslera hawaiinensis+TX、阴沟肠杆菌+TX、肠杆菌科+TX、Entomophtora virulenta+TX、黑附球菌+TX、紫附球菌+TX、附球菌属+TX、Filobasidium floriforme+TX、锐顶镰刀菌+TX、厚垣镰刀菌+TX、尖孢镰刀菌(/Biofox)+TX、层生镰刀菌+TX、镰刀菌属+TX、Galactomyces geotrichum+TX、链孢粘帚霉(+TX、)+TX、粉红粘帚霉+TX、粘帚霉属+TX、绿粘帚霉+TX、颗粒体病毒+TX、嗜盐喜盐芽孢杆+TX、岸喜盐芽孢杆菌+TX、特氏喜盐芽孢杆菌+TX、盐单胞菌属+TX、Halomonas subglaciescola+TX、Halovibriovariabilis+TX、葡萄汁有孢汉逊酵母+TX、棉铃虫核多角体病毒+TX、玉米穗夜蛾核多角体病毒+TX、异黄酮-芒柄花黄素+TX、柠檬形克勒克酵母+TX、克勒克酵母属+TX、大链壶菌+TX、Lecanicillium longisporum+TX、Lecanicillium muscarium+TX、舞毒蛾核多角体病毒+TX、嗜盐海球菌+TX、格氏梅拉菌+TX、绿僵菌+TX、绿僵菌(Destruxin)+TX、Metschnikowia fruticola+TX、美极梅奇酵母+TX、Microdochium dimerum+TX、天蓝色小单孢菌+TX、赫色小球壳孢+TX、白黏帚菌620+TX、粉红黏帚菌菌株A3-5+TX、菌根属(+TX、Root)+TX、疣孢漆斑菌菌株AARC-0255+TX、BROS+TX、Ophiostoma piliferum菌株D97+TX、粉拟青霉+TX、玫烟色拟青霉(PFR-+TX、)+TX、Paecilomyces linacinus(Biostat)+TX、淡紫色拟青霉菌株251(MeloCon)+TX、多粘类芽孢杆菌+TX、成团泛菌(BlightBan C9-)+TX、泛菌属+TX、巴斯德氏芽菌属+TX、Pasteuria nishizawae+TX、黄灰青霉+TX、Penicillium billai(+TX、)+TX、短密青霉+TX、常现青霉+TX、灰黄青霉+TX、产紫青霉+TX、青霉属+TX、纯绿色肯霉+TX、大伏革菌+TX、溶磷菌+TX、隐地疫霉+TX、疫霉菌+TX、异常毕赤酵母+TX、季也蒙氏毕赤酵母+TX、膜醭毕赤酵母+TX、指甲毕赤酵母+TX、具柄毕赤酵母+TX、绿脓假单胞菌+TX、致金色假单胞菌(Spot-Less)+TX、洋葱假单胞菌+TX、绿针假单胞菌+TX、Pseudomonascorrugate+TX、荧光假单胞菌菌株A506(BlightBan)+TX、恶臭假单胞菌+TX、Pseudomonas reactans+TX、假单胞菌属+TX、丁香假单胞菌(Bio-)+TX、绿黄假单胞菌+TX、荧光假单胞菌+TX、Pseudozyma flocculosa菌株PF-A22UL(Sporodex)+TX、纵沟柄锈菌+TX、菥蓂柄锈菌(Puccinia thlaspeos)(Wood)+TX、侧雄腐霉+TX、寡雄腐霉(+TX、)+TX、缠器腐霉+TX、水生拉恩菌+TX、拉恩菌属+TX、根瘤菌(+TX、)+TX、丝核菌属+TX、球状红球菌菌株AQ719+TX、双倒卵形红冬孢酵母+TX、圆红冬孢酵母+TX、红酵母属+TX、黏红酵母+TX、禾本红酵母+TX、Rhodotorula mucilagnosa+TX、深红酵母+TX、酿酒酵母+TX、Salinococcus roseus+TX、小核盘菌+TX、小核盘菌+TX、柱顶孢属+TX、夏孢生柱顶孢+TX、甜菜夜蛾核多角体病毒(Spod-+TX、)+TX、粘质沙雷氏菌+TX、普城沙雷氏菌+TX、沙雷氏菌属+TX、粪生粪壳菌+TX、海灰翅夜蛾核多角体病毒+TX、红掷孢酵母+TX、嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌+TX、不吸水链霉菌+TX、白丘链霉菌+TX、脱叶链霉菌+TX、鲜黄链霉菌+TX、Streptomyces griseoplanus+TX、Streptomyces griseoviridis+TX、利迪链霉菌+TX、利迪链霉菌WYEC-108+TX、紫色链霉菌+TX、Tilletiopsis minor+TX、腥掷孢菌属+TX、棘孢木霉(T34)+TX、盖姆斯木霉+TX、深绿木霉+TX、钩状木霉TH 382+TX、哈茨木霉rifai+TX、紫色链霉菌T-22(Trianum-+TX、PlantShield+TX、+TX、Trianum-)+TX、紫色链霉菌T-39+TX、非钩木霉+TX、康氏木霉+TX、木霉属LC 52+TX、木素木霉+TX、长梗木霉+TX、多孢木霉 +TX、紫杉木霉+TX、绿木霉+TX、绿木霉(以前为绿粘帚霉GL-21)+TX、绿色木霉+TX、绿色木霉菌株ICC 080+TX、茁芽丝孢酵母+TX、毛孢子菌属+TX、单端孢属+TX、粉红聚端孢菌+TX、Typhula phacorrhiza菌株94670+TX、Typhula phacorrhiza菌株94671+TX、黑细基格孢+TX、奥德曼细基格孢(Botry-)+TX、玉蜀黍黑粉菌+TX、各种细菌以及补充微量营养素(Natural)+TX、各种真菌(Millennium)+TX、厚垣轮枝孢菌+TX、蜡蚧轮枝孢(+TX、)+TX、Vip3Aa20+TX、Virgibaclillus marismortui+TX、野油菜黄单胞菌Poae变种+TX、伯氏嗜线虫致病杆菌+TX、嗜线虫致病杆菌;以及
植物提取物包括:松油+TX、印楝素(Plasma Neem+TX、+TX、+TX、Molt-+TX、植物IGR(+TX、)+TX、菜籽油(Lilly Miller)+TX、土荆芥附近荆芥(Chenopodium ambrosioidesnear ambrosioides)+TX、菊花浓汁(Chrysanthemum extract)+TX、提取印楝油(extract of neem oil)+TX、唇形科的精油+TX、丁香迷迭香薄荷的提取物和百里香精油(Garden insect)+TX、甜菜碱+TX、大蒜+TX、柠檬草精油+TX、印度楝树精油+TX、猫薄荷(薄荷精油)+TX、荆芥卡塔琳娜州(Nepeta catarina)+TX、尼古丁+Tx、牛至精油+TX、胡麻科精油+TX、除虫菊+TX、皂皮树+TX、大虎杖(Reynoutriasachalinensis)(+TX、)+TX、鱼藤酮(Eco)+TX、芸香料植物提取物+TX、豆油(Ortho)+TX、茶树精油(Timorex)+TX、百里香精油+TX、MMF+TX、+TX、迷迭香芝麻薄荷百里香和肉桂提取物的混合物(EF)+TX、丁香迷迭香和薄荷提取物的混合物(EF)+TX、丁香薄荷大蒜油和薄菏的混合物(Soil)+TX、高岭土+TX、储存葡萄糖的褐藻以及
信息素包括:黑头火虫信息素(3M Sprayable Blackheaded Fireworm)+TX、鳕鱼蛾信息素(Codling Moth Pheromone)(派拉蒙分配器(Paramountdispenser)-(CM)/Isomate)+TX、葡萄莓果蛾信息素(Grape Berry MothPheromone)(3M MEC-GBM Sprayable)+TX、稻纵卷叶螟性信息素(Leafrollerpheromone)(3M MEC-LR Sprayable)+TX、家蝇信息素(Muscamone)(Snip7Fly+TX、Starbar Premium Fly)+TX、东方水果蛾信息素(Oriental FruitMoth Pheromone)(3M oriental fruit moth sprayable)+TX、桃树钻信息素(Peachtree Borer Pheromone)()+TX、番茄蛾类信息素(Tomato PinwormPheromone)(3M Sprayable)+TX、衣透斯特粉末(Entostat powder)(从棕榈树提取)(Exosex)+TX、(E+TX、Z+TX、Z)-3+TX、8+TX、11醋酸十四酯+TX、(Z+TX,Z+TX,E)-7+TX、11+TX、13-十六碳三烯醛+TX、(E+TX,Z)-7+Tx、9-十二碳二烯-1-基乙酸酯+TX、2-甲基-1-丁醇+TX、乙酸钙+TX、+TX、+TX、Check-+TX、紫杉醇;并且
宏生物剂包括:宏生物剂,包括:短距蚜小蜂+TX、阿尔蚜茧蜂(Aphidius ervi)()+TX、Acerophagus papaya+TX、二星瓢虫()+TX、二星瓢虫+TX、二星瓢虫+TX、串茧跳小蜂(Ageniaspis citricola)+TX、巢蛾多胚跳小蜂+TX、安氏钝绥螨(Amblyseius andersoni)(+TX、)+TX、加州钝绥螨(Amblyseius californicus)(+TX、)+TX、胡瓜钝绥螨(+TX、Bugline)+TX、伪钝绥螨+TX、斯氏钝绥螨(Bugline+TX、)+TX、奥氏钝绥螨+TX、粉虱细蜂(Amitus hesperidum)+TX、原缨翅缨小蜂(Anagrus atomus)+TX、暗腹长索跳小蜂(Anagyrus fusciventris)+TX、卡玛长索跳小蜂(Anagyrus kamali)+TX、Anagyrus loecki+TX、粉蚧长索跳小蜂(Anagyrus pseudococci)+TX、红蜡蚧扁角跳小蜂(Anicetus benefices)+TX、金小蜂(Anisopteromalus calandrae)+TX、林地花蝽(Anthocoris nemoralis)()+TX、短距蚜小蜂(+TX、)+TX、短翅蚜小蜂(Aphelinus asychis)+TX、科列马·阿布拉小蜂(Aphidiuscolemani)+TX、阿尔蚜茧蜂+TX、烟蚜茧蜂+TX、桃赤蚜蚜茧蜂(Aphipar-)+TX、食蚜瘿蚊+TX、食蚜瘿蚊+TX、岭南蚜小蜂+TX、印巴黄金蚜小蜂+TX、蠊卵长尾啮小蜂(Aprostocetus hagenowii)+TX、隐翅虫(Athetacoriaria)+TX、熊蜂属+TX、欧洲熊蜂(Natupol)+TX、欧洲熊蜂(+TX、)+TX、Cephalonomia stephanoderis+TX、黑背红瓢虫(Chilocorusnigritus)+TX、普通草蛉(Chrysoperla carnea)+TX、普通草蛉+TX、红通草蛉(Chrysoperla rufilabris)+TX、Cirrospilus ingenuus+TX、Cirrospilus quadristriatus+TX、白星橘啮小蜂(Citrostichus phyllocnistoides)+TX、Closterocerus chamaeleon+TX、Closterocerus属+TX、Coccidoxenoides perminutus+TX、Coccophagus cowperi+TX、赖食蚧蚜小蜂(Coccophagus lycimnia)+TX、螟黄足盘绒茧蜂+TX、菜蛾盘绒茧蜂+TX、孟氏隐唇瓢虫(+TX、)+TX、日本方头甲+TX、西伯利亚离颚茧蜂+TX、西伯利亚离颚茧蜂+TX、豌豆潜蝇姬小蜂+TX、小黑瓢虫(Delphastus catalinae)+TX、Delphastus pusillus+TX、Diachasmimorpha krausii+TX、长尾潜蝇茧蜂+TX、Diaparsisjucunda+TX、阿里食虱跳小蜂(Diaphorencyrtus aligarhensis)+TX、豌豆潜叶蝇姬小蜂+TX、豌豆潜叶蝇姬小蜂(+TX、)+TX、西伯利亚离颚茧蜂(+TX、)+TX、歧脉跳小蜂属+TX、盾蚧长缨蚜小蜂+TX、丽蚜小蜂(Encarsia+TX、+TX、)+TX、浆角蚜小蜂(Eretmocerus eremicus)+TX、哥德恩蚜小蜂(Encarsia guadeloupae)+TX、海地恩蚜小蜂(Encarsia haitiensis)+TX、细扁食蚜蝇+TX、Eretmoceris siphonini+TX、浆角蚜小蜂(Eretmoceruscalifornicus)+TX、浆角蚜小蜂(Eretmocerus eremicus)(+TX、Eretline)+TX、浆角蚜小蜂(Eretmocerus eremicus)+TX、海氏桨角蚜小蜂+TX、蒙氏桨角蚜小蜂(+TX、Eretline)+TX、Eretmocerus siphonini+TX、四斑光缘瓢虫(Exochomus quadripustulatus)+TX、食螨瘿蚊(Feltiella acarisuga)+TX、食螨瘿蚊+TX、阿里山潜蝇茧蜂+TX、Fopius ceratitivorus+TX、芒柄花黄素(Wirless)+TX、细腰凶蓟马+TX、西方静走螨(Galendromusoccidentalis)+TX、莱氏棱角肿腿蜂(Goniozus legneri)+TX、麦蛾柔茧蜂+TX、异色瓢虫+TX、异小杆线虫属(Lawn)+TX、嗜菌异小杆线虫(NemaShield+TX、+TX、+TX、+TX、+TX、+TX、+TX、)+TX、大异小杆线虫(Heterorhabditismegidis)(Nemasys+TX、BioNem+TX、Exhibitline+TX、)+TX、集栖瓢虫(Hippodamia convergens)+TX、尖狭下盾螨(Hypoaspis aculeifer)(+TX、Entomite-)+TX、兵下盾螨(Hypoaspis miles)(Hypoline+TX、Entomite-)+TX、黑色枝跗瘿蜂+TX、Lecanoideus floccissimus+TX、Lemophaguserrabundus+TX、三色丽突跳小蜂(Leptomastidea abnormis)+TX、Leptomastixdactylopii+TX、长角跳小蜂(Leptomastix epona)+TX、Lindoruslophanthae+TX、Lipolexis oregmae+TX、叉叶绿蝇+TX、茶足柄瘤蚜茧蜂+TX、暗黑长脊盲蝽(Macrolophus caliginosus)(+TX、 +TX、)+TX、Mesoseiulus longipes+TX、黄色阔柄跳小蜂(Metaphycus flavus)+TX、Metaphycuslounsburyi+TX、角纹脉褐蛉+TX、黄色花翅跳小蜂(Microterys flavus)+TX、Muscidifurax raptorellus和Spalangia cameroni+TX、Neodryinustyphlocybae+TX、加州新小绥螨+TX、胡瓜钝绥螨+TX、虚伪新小绥螨(Neoseiulus fallacis)+TX、Nesideocoris tenuis(+TX、)+TX、古铜黑蝇+TX、狡小花蝽(Orius insidiosus)(Thripor-+TX、Oriline)+TX、无毛小花蝽(Orius laevigatus)(Thripor-+TX、Oriline)+TX、大型小花蝽(Oriusmajusculus)(Oriline)+TX、小黑花椿象(Thripor-)+TX、Pauesia juniperorum+TX、酸酱瓢虫腹柄姬小蜂(Pediobius foveolatus)+TX、Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita+TX、Phymastichus coffea+TX、Phytoseiulus macropilus+TX、智利小植绥螨(+TX、 )+TX、斑腹刺益蝽+TX、Pseudacteon curvatus+TX、Pseudacteon obtusus+TX、Pseudacteon tricuspis+TX、Pseudaphycus maculipennis+TX、Pseudleptomastix mexicana+TX、具毛嗜木虱跳小蜂(Psyllaephagus pilosus)+TX、同色短背茧蜂(Psyttalia concolor)(complex)+TX、胯姬小蜂属+TX、Rhyzobius lophanthae+TX、澳洲瓢虫+TX、Rumina decollate+TX、Semielacher petiolatus+TX、麦长管蚜+TX、小卷蛾斯氏线虫(Nematac+TX、+TX、BioNem+TX、+TX、+TX、)+TX、夜蛾斯氏线虫(+TX、Nemasys+TX、BioNem+TX、Steinernema-+TX、+TX、+TX、Exhibitline+TX、Scia-+TX、)+TX、锯蜂线虫(Steinernema kraussei)(Nemasys+TX、BioNem+TX、 )+TX、里奥布拉夫线虫(Steinernema riobrave)(+TX、)+TX、蝼蛄斯氏线虫(Steinernema scapterisci)(Nematac)+TX、斯氏线虫属+TX、Steinernematid属(Guardian)+TX、深点食螨瓢虫+TX、亮腹釉小蜂+TX、Tetrastichus setifer+TX、Thripobius semiluteus+TX、中华长尾小蜂(Torymussinensis)+TX、甘蓝夜蛾赤眼蜂(Tricholine)+TX、甘蓝夜蛾赤眼蜂(Tricho-)+TX、广赤眼蜂+TX、微小赤眼蜂+TX、玉米螟赤眼蜂+TX、宽脉赤眼蜂(Trichogrammaplatneri)+TX、短管赤眼蜂+TX、螟黑点瘤姬蜂;以及
其他生物制剂包括:脱落酸+TX、+TX、紫癜(Chontrol)+TX、盘长孢状刺盘孢(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)+TX、辛酸铜盐(CopperOctanoate)+TX、δ陷阱(Delta traps)(Trapline)+TX、解淀粉欧文氏菌(Erwinia amylovora)(Harpin)(+TX、Ni-HIBIT Gold)+TX、磷酸铁+TX、漏斗诱捕器(Funnel traps)(Trapline)+TX、+TX、Grower's+TX、单环芸苔甾内酯(Homo-brassonolide)+TX、磷酸铁(Lilly Miller WorryFree Ferramol Slug&Snail)+TX、MCP冰雹诱捕器(MCP hail trap)(Trapline)+TX、简爪茧蜂属超子(Microctonus hyperodae)+TX、根腐病(Mycoleptodiscusterrestris)(Des-)+TX、+TX、+TX、+TX、信息素罗网(Pheromone trap)(Thripline)+TX、碳酸氢钾(+TX、脂肪酸的钾盐+TX、硅酸钾溶液(Sil-)+TX、碘化钾+potassiumthiocyanate+TX、SuffOil-+Tx、蜘蛛毒+TX、蝗虫微孢子虫(Nosema locustae)(Semaspore Organic Grasshopper)+TX、粘着诱捕器(Sticky traps)(Trapline+TX、Rebell)+TX和诱捕器(Traps)(Takitrapline y+)+TX。
在活性成分之后的括号中的参考例如[3878-19-1]是指化学文摘的登记号。以上描述的混合配对物是已知的。当活性成分包括在“杀有害生物剂手册(The PesticideManual)”[杀有害生物剂手册-一本世界手册(The Pesticide Manual-A WorldCompendium);第十三版;编者:C.D.S.汤姆林(C.D.S.TomLin);英国农作物保护委员会(TheBritish Crop Protection Council)]中时,它们在上文对于特定化合物在圆括号内给定的条目编号之下描述于该手册中;例如,化合物“阿巴美丁”在条目编号(1)之下描述。当以上向具体的化合物添加“[CCN]”时,所讨论的化合物包括在“杀有害生物剂通用名纲要(Compendium of Pesticide Common Names)”中,该纲要在互联网上可得:[A.伍德(Wood);杀有害生物剂通用名纲要(Compendium of Pesticide Common Names),版权1995-2004];例如化合物“乙酰虫腈”在互联网址http://www.alanwood.net/pesticides/ acetoprole.html下进行了描述。
上述的活性成分中大部分在上文是通过所谓的“通用名”、相关的“ISO通用名”或在个别情况下使用的另一个“通用名”来提及。如果名称不是“通用名”,那么对于特定化合物在圆括号内给出了作为代替而使用的该名称的性质;在这种情况下,使用IUPAC名称、IUPAC/化学文摘名称、“化学名称”、“传统名称”、“化合物名称”、或“研究代码”,或者如果既没有使用这些名称之一,也没有使用“通用名”,那么使用的是“别名”。“CAS登记号”意指化学文摘登记号。
选自表1至6以及P1的具有化学式I的化合物与上述活性成分的活性成分混合物包括选自表1至6以及P1的化合物和上述活性成分,优选地是处于从100:1至1:6000的混合比率,尤其是从50:1至1:50,更尤其是处于从20:1至1:20的比率,甚至更尤其从10:1至1:10,非常尤其是从5:1和1:5,尤其优选的是从2:1至1:2的比率给出的,并且从4:1至2:1的比率同样是优选的,特别是处于1:1,或5:1,或5:2,或5:3,或5:4,或4:1,或4:2,或4:3,或3:1,或3:2,或2:1,或1:5,或2:5,或3:5,或4:5,或1:4,或2:4,或3:4,或1:3,或2:3,或1:2,或1:600,或1:300,或1:150,或1:35,或2:35,或4:35,或1:75,或2:75,或4:75,或1:6000,或1:3000,或1:1500,或1:350,或2:350,或4:350,或1:750,或2:750,或4:750的比率。那些混合比率是按重量计的。
以上描述的混合物可以被用于控制有害生物的方法中,该方法包括将一种含如上描述的混合物的组合物施用于有害生物或其环境中,除了一种通过手术或疗法用于处理人或动物体的方法以及对于人或动物体实施的诊断方法。
包含选自表1至6以及P1的具有化学式I的化合物以及一种或多种如上所述的活性成分的混合物可以例如以一种单一的“掺水即用”的形式施用,以组合的喷洒混合物(该混合物由这些单一活性成分的单独配制品构成)(例如一种“桶混制剂”)施用,并且当以一种顺序的方式(即,一个在另一个适度短的时期之后,例如几小时或几天)施用时组合使用这些单独活性成分来施用。施用选自表1至6以及P1的这些具有化学式I的化合物和如上所述活性成分的顺序对于实施本发明并不是至关重要的。
根据本发明的这些组合物还可以包含其他固体或液体助剂,如稳定剂,例如未环氧化的或环氧化的植物油(例如环氧化的椰子油、菜籽油或大豆油),消泡剂(例如硅油),防腐剂,粘度调节剂,粘合剂和/或增粘剂;肥料或其他用于获得特定效果的活性成分,例如杀细菌剂,杀真菌剂,杀线虫剂,植物活化剂,杀软体动物剂或除草剂。
根据本发明的组合物是以一种本身已知的方式,在不存在助剂的情况下,例如通过研磨、筛选和/或压缩固体活性成分;和在至少一种助剂存在下,例如通过透彻混合活性成分与一种或一些助剂和/或与一种或一些助剂一起研磨活性成分来制备。用于制备这些组合物的这些方法和用于制备这些组合物的化合物I的用途也是本发明的主题。
这些组合物的施用方法,即是控制上述类型的有害生物的方法,如喷雾、雾化,撒粉,刷涂,包衣,撒播或浇灌-它们被选择以适于普遍情况的预期目的-并且这些组合物用于控制上述类型的有害生物的用途是本发明的其他主题。典型的浓度量是在0.1与1000ppm之间,优选地在0.1与500ppm之间的活性成分。每公项的施用量总体上是每公项1到2000g活性成分,尤其是10到1000g/ha,优选地10到600g/ha。
在作物保护领域中,优选的施用方法是施用至这些植物的叶(叶施药),可能的是选择施用的频率和比率以符合所提及的有害生物的侵染风险。可替代地,该活性成分可以通过根系统(内吸作用)到达植物,这是通过用一种液体组合物将这些植物的所在地浸透或者通过将固体形式的活性成分引入植物的所在地(例如引入土壤,例如以颗粒(土施)的形式)来实现的。在水稻作物的情况下,这样的颗粒剂可以被计量地添加淹水的稻田中。
本发明的这些化合物及其组合物还适合于植物繁殖材料的保护(例如种子,像果实、块茎或籽粒,或者苗圃植物)对抗上述类型的有害生物。可以用该化合物在种植前对该繁殖材料进行处理,例如可以在播种前对种子进行处理。可替代地,该化合物可以施用至种子籽粒(包衣),这是通过将籽粒浸渍入液体组合物中或通过施涂一种固体组合物层实现的。当该繁殖材料被种植在施用处时,还可能例如在条播期间将这些组合物施入种子犁沟。这些用于植物繁殖材料的处理方法和因此处理的植物繁殖材料是本发明另外的主题。典型的处理比率将取决于有待控制的植物以及有害生物/真菌,通常在每100kg种子1克至200克之间,优选在每100kg种子5克至150克之间,例如在每100kg种子10克至100克之间。
术语种子包括所有种类的种子以及植物繁殖体,包括但并不限于真正的种子、种子块、吸盘、谷粒、鳞球茎、果实、块茎、谷物、根茎、插条、切割枝条以及类似物并且在一个优选的实施例中是指真正的种子。
本发明还包括用具有化学式I的化合物包衣或处理的种子或含有具有化学式I的化合物的种子。尽管成分的更多或更少的部分可以渗透到该种子材料中,这取决于施用的方法,术语“包衣或处理和/或含有”通常表示在施用的时候,在大多数情况下,该活性成分在该种子的表面。当所述种子产物(再)种植时,它可以吸收该活性成分。在一个实施例中,本发明使得一种其上粘附有具有化学式(I)的化合物的植物繁殖材料可得。此外,由此可得一种包括用具有化学式(I)的化合物处理过的植物繁殖材料的组合物。
种子处理包括本领域中已知的所有适合的种子处理技术,例如拌种、种子包衣、种子撒粉、浸种以及种子造粒。可以通过任何已知的方法实现具有化学式I的化合物的种子处理施用,例如,在这些种子播种之前或播种/种植过程中喷雾或通过撒粉。
生物实施例:
实例B1:烟粉虱(棉粉虱)
将棉花叶圆片置于24孔微量滴定板中的琼脂上并且用从10'000ppm DMSO储备溶液中制备的水性测试溶液进行喷雾。在干燥之后,将叶圆片用成年粉虱进行侵染。孵育6天之后,针对死亡率对这些样品进行检查。
以下化合物在200ppm施用率下得到至少80%的死亡率:
P2、P5、P6、P8、P10、P11、P16、P17、P19、P20、P21、P22、P25、P27、P33、P35、P39、P40、P45、P46、P59、P64、P66、P67、P70、P77、P80、P81、P85、P86、P88、P90、P91、P94、P96、P100、P103、P106、P108和P111。
实例B2:黄瓜条叶甲(玉米根虫)
将24孔微量滴定板中的置于琼脂层上的玉米芽用通过喷雾从10’000ppm DMSO储备溶液中制备的水性测试溶液进行处理。在干燥之后,用L2期幼虫对各板进行侵染(6至10只/孔)。侵染4天之后,相比于未处理样品,针对死亡率和生长抑制对样品进行评估。
以下化合物在200ppm施用率下得到至少80%的死亡率:
P1、P2、P3、P5、P6、P7、P11、P12、P13、P14、P15、P16、P17、1P8、P19、P20、P21、P22、P23、P25、P26、P27、P28、P29、P30、P32、P33、P34、P35、P36、P37、P38、P39、P40、P41、P43、P44、P45、P46、P48、P50、P52、P54、P55、P56、P58、P59、P60、P61、P64、P65、P66、P67、P70、P71、P72、P73、P75、P76、P77、P78、P82、P84、P85、P86、P87、P88、P89、P90、P91、P92、P93、P94、P95、P96、P98、P99、P100、P101、P102、P103、P104、P105、P106、P107、P108、P109、P110和P111。
实例B3:英雄美洲蝽(新热带区褐蝽象)
将24孔微量滴定板中的琼脂上的大豆叶用从10'000ppm DMSO储备溶液中制备的水性测试溶液进行喷雾。干燥之后,将叶用N-2期若虫进行侵染。侵染5天之后,相比于未处理样品,针对死亡率对样品进行评估。
以下化合物在200ppm施用率下得到至少80%的死亡率:
P4、P2、P3、P5、P6、P8、P11、P12、P15、P16、P18、P19、P20、P21、P22、P23、P25、P26、P27、P30、P32、P33、P34、3P5、P36、P37、P38、P39、P40、P41、P42、P43、P44、P45、P46、P49、P50、P51、P52、P53、P54、P55、P56、P57、P58、P59、P60、P61、P62、P63、P64、P65、P66、P67、P68、P69、P70、P71、P72、P73、P75、P77、P81、P84、P85、P86、P88、P89、P90、P91、P92、P93、P94、P95、P96、P97、P98、P99、P100、P101、P102、P103、P104、P106、P108、P109、P110和P111。
实例B4:桃蚜(绿色桃蚜虫)
将向日葵叶圆片置于24孔微量滴定板中的琼脂上并且用从10’000ppm DMSO储备溶液中制备的水性测试溶液进行喷雾。在干燥之后,将这些叶圆片用混合年龄的蚜虫群体侵染。侵染6天之后,针对死亡率对这些样品进行评估。
以下化合物在200ppm施用率下得到至少80%的死亡率:
P1、P2、P3、P4、P5、P6、P8、P9、P11、P12、P15、P16、P18、P19、P20、P21、P22、P23、P25、P26、P27、P30、P32、P33、P34、P35、P36、P37、P39、P40、P41、P42、P43、P44、P45、P46、P49、P50、P51、P52、P53、P54、P55、P56、P57、P58、P59、P60、P61、P62、P63、P64、P65、P66、P67、P69、P70、P71、P72、P73、P75、P77、P78、P80、P81、P82、P84、P85、P86、P87、P88、P89、P90、P91、P92、P93、P94、P95、P96、P97、P98、P100、P101、P102、P103、P104、P105、P106、P108、P109、P110和P111。
实例B5:桃蚜(绿色桃蚜虫)
将受到混合年龄的蚜虫群体侵染的豌豆幼苗的根部直接放在从10'000ppm DMSO储备溶液中制备的水性测试溶液中。将幼苗放置在测试溶液中6天之后,针对死亡率对这些样品进行评估。
以下化合物在24ppm测试速率下得到至少80%的死亡率:
P3、P5、P6、P8、P9、P18、P22、P26、P27、P33、P34、P35、P37、P49、P53、P56、P58、P60、P61、P67、P70、P84、P87、P94、P102、P106、P109、P110和P111。
实例B6:小菜蛾(Plutella xylostella)(小菜蛾(Diamond back moth))
将具有人工饲料的24孔微量滴定板用从10’000ppm DMSO储备溶液中制备的水性测试溶液通过移液进行处理。在干燥之后,用L2期幼虫对各板进行侵染(10至15只/孔)。侵染5天之后,相比于未处理样品,针对死亡率和生长抑制对样品进行评估。
以下化合物在200ppm施用率下给出了两个类别(死亡率或生长抑制)中至少一个的至少80%的效果:
P1、P2、P3、P4、P6、P7、P8、P9、P11、P12、P18、P26、P27、P32、P37、P43、P45、P51、P52、P53、P55、P56、P57、P58、P60、P61、P62、P63、P65、P69、P71、P72、P73、P75、P77、P80、P82、P84、P2、P5、P14、P15、P16、P17、P19、P20、P21、P22、P23、P24、P25、P28、P29、P34、P35、P36、P38、P39、P40、P41、P44、P46、P48、P50、P54、P59、P64、P66、P67、P70、P79、P81、P85、P86、P88、P89、P90、P91、P92、P93、P94、P95、P96、P97、P98、P99、P100、P101、P102、P103、P104、P105、P106、P107、P108、P109、P110和P111。
实例B7:海灰翅夜蛾(埃及棉叶虫)
将棉花叶圆片置于24孔微量滴定板中的琼脂上并且用从10'000ppm DMSO储备溶液中制备的水性测试溶液进行喷雾。在干燥之后,将叶圆片用五只L1期幼虫进行侵染。侵染3天之后,相对于未处理样品,针对死亡率、拒食效果以及生长抑制评估样品。测试样品的海灰翅夜蛾的控制为在死亡率、拒食作用、以及生长抑制中的至少一种比未处理样品更高时。
以下化合物在200ppm施用率下得到至少80%的控制:
P1、P2、P4、P5、P6、P7、P8、P11、P12、P14、P15、P16、P17、P18、P19、P20、P21、P22、P23、P24、P25、P27、P28、P29、P32、P34、P35、P36、P38、P39、P40、P41、P43、P44、P45、P46、P48、P50、P51、P52、P53、P54、P55、P56、P57、P59、P60、P61、P63、P64、P65、P66、P68、P69、P70、71、P72、P77、P80、P82、P84、P85、P9、P86、P88、P89、P90、P91、P92、P93、P94、P95、P96、P97、P98、P100、P101、P102、P103、P104、P105、P106、P107、P108、P109、P110和P111。
实例B8:海灰翅夜蛾(埃及棉叶虫)
将测试化合物用移液管从10’000ppm DMSO储备溶液施用到24孔板中并且与琼脂进行混合。将莴苣种子置于该琼脂上并且用另一块也包含琼脂的平板封闭该多孔板。7天之后,根已经将该化合物吸收并且莴苣已经生长进入盖平板。现在将这些莴苣叶切到盖平板中。将夜蛾属卵吸移穿过一块潮湿凝胶印记纸上的塑料模板及其所封闭的平板。侵染6天之后,相对于未处理样品,针对死亡率、拒食效果以及生长抑制评估样品。
以下化合物在12.5ppm测试比率处给出了这三个类别(死亡率、拒食效果、或生长抑制)中至少一个的至少80%的效果:
P2、P5、P6、P11、P16、P18、P19、P20、P21、P22、P25、P27、P32、P35、P39、P40、P41、P44、P46、P50、P52、P53、P54、P56、P57、P59、P61、66、P70、P71、P72、P77、P82、P84、P85、P64、P86、P88、P89、P90、P91、P92、P93、P96、P100、P103、P104、P105和P108。
实例B9:二点叶螨(二斑叶螨)
将24孔微量滴定板中的琼脂上的豆叶圆片用从10’000ppm DMSO储备溶液中制备的水性测试溶液进行喷雾。在干燥之后,将这些叶圆片用一个混合年龄的螨种群侵染。侵染8天之后,针对混合种群(流动平台)的死亡率对这些样品进行评估。
以下化合物在200ppm施用率下得到至少80%的死亡率:
P21、P25、P27、P35、P64、P71和P110。
实例B10:烟蓟马(葱蓟马)
将向日葵叶圆片置于24孔微量滴定板中的琼脂上并且用从10’000ppm DMSO储备溶液中制备的水性测试溶液进行喷雾。在干燥之后,将这些叶圆片用一个混合年龄的蓟马种群侵染。侵染6天之后,针对死亡率对这些样品进行评估。
以下化合物在200ppm施用率下得到至少80%的死亡率:
P8、P11、P16、P17、P20、P21、P25、P85、P91、P94、P100、P106、P110和P111。
实例B11:西花蓟马(西方花蓟马)
将向日葵叶圆片置于24孔微量滴定板中的琼脂上并且用从10'000DMSO储备溶液中制备的水性测试溶液进行喷雾。在干燥之后,将这些叶圆片用一个混合年龄的花蓟马种群侵染。侵染7天之后,针对死亡率对这些样品进行评估。
以下化合物在200ppm施用率下得到至少80%的死亡率:P5、P8、P11、P16、P17、P18、P19、P20、P21、P25、P27、P32、P35、P56、P70、P85、P89、P91、P92、P93、P94、P96、P100、P104、P106、P110和P111。
实例B12:对抗埃及伊蚊(黄热病蚊子)的活性
在乙醇中,以200ppm的施用率,将测试溶液施加到12孔组织培养皿中。一旦沉积物干燥,将五天、两天至五天大的成年雌性埃及伊蚊添加到每个孔中,并且在棉塞中保持10%的蔗糖溶液。引入后一小时,进行击倒评估,并且在引入后24小时和48小时,评估死亡率。
以下化合物在48h后对埃及伊蚊给出至少80%的控制:
P2、P11、P16、P17、P18、P19、P20、P21、P25、P85、P86、P88、P89、P90、P92、P93、P94、P100、P101、P108、P110和P111。
Claims (14)
1.一种具有化学式I的化合物,
其中
A表示CH或N;
Q是五至十元单环或稠合双环杂环的环系统,该环系统可以是芳香族的、部分饱和的或完全饱和的,并且该环系统包含选自下组的1至4个杂原子,该组由以下各项组成:氮、氧和硫,每个环系统不可能包含多于2个氧原子以及多于2个硫原子,所述五至十元环系统可以被独立地选自下组的取代基单取代至多取代,该组由以下各项组成:卤素、氰基、氧代、OH、NH2、C1-C6烷基、C3-C6环烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C1-C6烷基磺酰基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基、C1-C6烷基氨基、C1-C6二烷基氨基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基氨基、C1-C4卤代烷基硫烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C4卤代烷基磺酰基、C1-C6烷基羰基、C1-C6卤代烷基羰基、苯基、嘧啶基、噻唑基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基氧基、咪唑基、二氢-噁唑基、噁唑基、二氧戊环基、1,3-二噁烷基和5,6-二氢-[1,4,2]二噁嗪基;其中所述苯基、嘧啶基、噻唑基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基氧基、咪唑基、二氢-噁唑基、噁唑基、二氧戊环基、1,3-二噁烷基和5,6-二氢-[1,4,2]二噁嗪基本身可以被独立地选自下组的取代基单取代至多取代,该组由以下各项组成:卤素、C1-C6烷基、二-C1-C4烷基-磷酰基甲基-氨基羰基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基氨基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C1-C6烷基氨基和C1-C6二-烷基氨基;
X是S、SO或SO2;
R1是C1-C4烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C3-C6环烷基、C3-C6环烷基C1-C4烷基或被选自下组的取代基单取代或多取代的C3-C6环烷基,该组由以下各项组成:卤素、氰基和C1-C4烷基;或R1是被选自下组的取代基单取代或多取代的C3-C6环烷基C1-C4烷基,该组由以下各项组成:卤素、氰基和C1-C4烷基;
或R1是C2-C6烯基、C2-C6卤代烯基或C2-C6炔基;
R2是卤素、氰基、C1-C6卤代烷基或被一个或两个选自下组的取代基取代的C1-C6卤代烷基,该组由以下各项组成:羟基、甲氧基和氰基;
或R2是C1-C4卤代烷基硫烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C4卤代烷基磺酰基、O(C1-C4卤代烷基)或-C(O)C1-C4卤代烷基;
或R2是C3-C6环烷基,其可以是被选自下组的取代基单取代或多取代的,该组由以下各项组成:卤素、氰基和C1-C4烷基;
X1是O、S或NR3,其中R3是氢、C1-C4烷基、C2-C6烯基、C2-C6炔基、C1-C4烷氧基-C1-C4烷基或C3-C6环烷基;以及那些化合物的农用化学上可接受的盐、立体异构体、对映异构体、互变异构体和N-氧化物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的具有化学式I的化合物,其中
Q选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:J-1至J-56
其中每个基团J-1至J-56是被Rx单取代、二取代或三取代的,其中
每个Rx独立地选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:氢、卤素、氰基、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C1-C6烷基磺酰基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基、C1-C6烷基氨基、C1-C6二烷基氨基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基氨基、C1-C4卤代烷基硫烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C4卤代烷基磺酰基、C1-C6烷基羰基、C1-C6卤代烷基羰基、苯基、嘧啶基、噻唑基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基氧基、咪唑基、二氢-噁唑基、噁唑基、二氧戊环基、1,3-二噁烷基和5,6-二氢-[1,4,2]二噁嗪基;其中所述苯基、嘧啶基、噻唑基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基氧基、咪唑基、二氢-噁唑基、噁唑基、二氧戊环基、1,3-二噁烷基和5,6-二氢-[1,4,2]二噁嗪基本身可以被独立地选自下组的取代基单取代至多取代,该组由以下各项组成:卤素、C1-C6烷基、二-C1-C4烷基-磷酰基甲基-氨基羰基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基氨基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C1-C6烷基氨基、C1-C6二-烷基氨基。
3.根据权利要求1所述的具有化学式I的化合物,由以下具有化学式I-1的化合物表示
其中
R2和Q是如在权利要求1中的化学式I下所定义的;
Xa1是S、SO或SO2;并且
Ra1是甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基或环丙基甲基。
4.根据权利要求3所述的具有化学式I-1的化合物,其中
Q选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:杂环
其中Rx独立地选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:氢、卤素、氰基、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C1-C6烷基磺酰基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基、C1-C6烷基氨基、C1-C6二烷基氨基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基氨基、C1-C4卤代烷基硫烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C4卤代烷基磺酰基、C1-C6烷基羰基、C1-C6卤代烷基羰基、苯基、嘧啶基、噻唑基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基氧基、咪唑基、二氢-噁唑基、噁唑基、二氧戊环基、1,3-二噁烷基和5,6-二氢-[1,4,2]二噁嗪基;其中所述苯基、嘧啶基、噻唑基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基氧基、咪唑基、二氢-噁唑基、噁唑基、二氧戊环基、1,3-二噁烷基和5,6-二氢-[1,4,2]二噁嗪基本身可以被独立地选自下组的取代基单取代至多取代,该组由以下各项组成:卤素、C1-C6烷基、二-C1-C4烷基-磷酰基甲基-氨基羰基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基氨基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C1-C6烷基氨基和C1-C6二-烷基氨基。
5.根据权利要求1所述的具有化学式I的化合物,由以下具有化学式I-2的化合物表示
其中
R2和Q是如在权利要求1中的化学式I下所定义的;
Xa2是S、SO或SO2;并且
Ra2是甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基或环丙基甲基。
6.根据权利要求5所述的具有化学式I-2的化合物,其中
Q选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:杂环
其中Rx独立地选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:氢、卤素、氰基、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C1-C6烷基磺酰基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基、C1-C6烷基氨基、C1-C6二烷基氨基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基氨基、C1-C4卤代烷基硫烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C4卤代烷基磺酰基、C1-C6烷基羰基、C1-C6卤代烷基羰基、苯基、嘧啶基、噻唑基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基氧基、咪唑基、二氢-噁唑基、噁唑基、二氧戊环基、1,3-二噁烷基和5,6-二氢-[1,4,2]二噁嗪基;其中所述苯基、嘧啶基、噻唑基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基氧基、咪唑基、二氢-噁唑基、噁唑基、二氧戊环基、1,3-二噁烷基和5,6-二氢-[1,4,2]二噁嗪基可以被独立地选自下组的取代基单取代至多取代,该组由以下各项组成:卤素、C1-C6烷基、二-C1-C4烷基-磷酰基甲基-氨基羰基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基氨基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C1-C6烷基氨基、C1-C6二-烷基氨基。
7.根据权利要求1所述的具有化学式I的化合物,由具有化学式Ia-1的化合物表示
其中
X2是S或SO2;
X3是N-(C1-C4烷基);
R4是C1-C4烷基;
R6是C1-C4卤代烷基;并且
Qa选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:杂环
其中每个优选的基团Qa是被Rx单取代、二取代或三取代的,其中
每个Rx独立地选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:氢、卤素、氰基、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C1-C6烷基磺酰基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基、C1-C6烷基氨基、C1-C6二烷基氨基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基氨基、C1-C4卤代烷基硫烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C4卤代烷基磺酰基、C1-C6烷基羰基、C1-C6卤代烷基羰基、苯基、嘧啶基、噻唑基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基氧基、咪唑基、二氢-噁唑基、噁唑基、二氧戊环基、1,3-二噁烷基和5,6-二氢-[1,4,2]二噁嗪基;其中所述苯基、嘧啶基、噻唑基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基氧基、咪唑基、二氢-噁唑基、噁唑基、二氧戊环基、1,3-二噁烷基和5,6-二氢-[1,4,2]二噁嗪基本身可以被独立地选自下组的取代基单取代至多取代,该组由以下各项组成:卤素、C1-C6烷基、二-C1-C4烷基-磷酰基甲基-氨基羰基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基氨基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C1-C6烷基氨基和C1-C6二-烷基氨基。
8.根据权利要求1所述的具有化学式I的化合物,由具有化学式Ia-2的化合物表示
其中
X4是SO2;
X5是N-(C1-C4烷基);
R7是C1-C4烷基;
R8是C1-C4卤代烷基;并且
Qb优选地选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:杂环
其中每个Rx独立地选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:氢、卤素、氰基、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C1-C6烷基磺酰基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基、C1-C6烷基氨基、C1-C6二烷基氨基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基氨基、C1-C4卤代烷基硫烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C4卤代烷基磺酰基、C1-C6烷基羰基、C1-C6卤代烷基羰基、苯基、嘧啶基、噻唑基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基氧基、咪唑基、二氢-噁唑基、噁唑基、二氧戊环基、1,3-二噁烷基和5,6-二氢-[1,4,2]二噁嗪基;其中所述苯基、嘧啶基、噻唑基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基氧基、咪唑基、二氢-噁唑基、噁唑基、二氧戊环基、1,3-二噁烷基和5,6-二氢-[1,4,2]二噁嗪基本身可以被独立地选自下组的取代基单取代至多取代,该组由以下各项组成:卤素、C1-C6烷基、二-C1-C4烷基-磷酰基甲基-氨基羰基、C1-C6烷氧基羰基氨基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷硫基、C1-C6烷基氨基和C1-C6二-烷基氨基。
9.根据权利要求1所述的具有化学式I的化合物,由具有化学式Ia-3的化合物表示
其中
R9是C1-C4卤代烷基;
R10是C1-C4烷基;并且
Qc选自
以及
其中
每个Rx独立地选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:氢、羟基、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C1-C4卤代烷基羰基氨基、卤素、氨基、氰基、C1-C6烷基硫烷基和苯基,所述苯基可以被卤素取代。
10.根据权利要求9所述的具有化学式Ia-3的化合物,
其中
R9是C1-C4卤代烷基;
R10是C1-C4烷基;并且
Qc是
其中
Rx是C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基、C1-C4卤代烷基或卤素。
11.一种具有化学式IV的化合物
其中
R1、R2、X、X1和A是如在权利要求1中的化学式I下所定义的,并且Yb2是-B(OH)2或-B(ORb2)2,其中Rb2是C1-C6烷基;或Yb2是基团
12.一种杀有害生物组合物,该杀有害生物组合物包含至少一种根据权利要求1所述的具有化学式I的化合物或适当时其互变异构体作为活性成分以及至少一种助剂,该化合物在所有情况下为游离形式或为农用化学上可用的盐形式。
13.一种用于控制有害生物的方法,该方法包括将根据权利要求12所述的组合物施用于这些有害生物或其环境中,除了通过手术或疗法用于处理人或动物体的方法以及在人或动物体上实施的诊断方法之外。
14.一种用于保护植物繁殖材料免受有害生物攻击的方法,该方法包括用根据权利要求12所述的组合物处理该繁殖材料或该繁殖材料所种植的场所。
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