CN106501237A - A kind of composite insulating material case hardness method of testing - Google Patents
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Abstract
A kind of composite insulating material case hardness method of testing, comprises the following steps：S1, preparation have measured the composite insulating material sample of its case hardness；S2, LIBS method (LIBS) is used, the surface for the composite insulating material sample being irradiated with pulsed laser beam catches the spectrum of laser plasma on the surface；S3, the functional relation for setting up the ion line of chosen elements and atom line ratio and superficial hardness number in the spectrum of laser plasma；S4, LIBS method is used, the surface for composite insulating material to be measured being irradiated with pulsed laser beam catches the spectrum of laser plasma on the surface；S5, spectrum of laser plasma is obtained according to step S4, based on the case hardness that the functional relation of ion line and atom line ratio and superficial hardness number determines composite insulating material to be measured.Long-range, powered on-the-spot test can be carried out to composite insulating material using this method, quickly obtain accurate composite insulating material superficial hardness number.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of composite insulating material case hardness method of testing.
Background technology
The good external insulation state of ultra-high-tension power transmission line is the important leverage of safe operation of power system.Eighties of last century 90 years
Since generation, silicon rubber composite insulation material is widely used in external insulation field, is used in power system in a large number, external insulation equipment
Resistance to pollution flashover ability just significantly improves.The capital equipment form composite insulator (composite insulation of silicon rubber composite insulation material
Son), creeping-increasing skirt and room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber coating (RTV coating), various sleeve pipes that liquid silastic is made etc..Compound inslation material
Material is affected aging phenomenon occurs by factors such as electric field, temperature, humidity in the middle of During Process of Long-term Operation, is caused compound exhausted
The hydraulic performance decline of edge material, so that threaten the safe and stable operation of transmission line of electricity.Therefore, for transmission line of electricity compound inslation material
Material surface service state is estimated to have great importance.
The aging molecular chemistry key for being also manifested by the silastic materials such as material hardness, composite insulator of silastic material exists
The effect of the factors such as light, heat, mechanicals efforts is lower to rupture, and produces free radical, and free radical can react to each other, and generate " inorganic
Silicon ", or bulky grain is separated out, this can cause material hardness to increase.Therefore the situation of change of silicon rubber hardness is reflection rubber
Aging important indicator.Can be by the use of hardness as performance indications of composite insulating material surface running status.
Conventional composite insulating material hardness test is carried out with instruments such as Shore durometers, but this test hand
Section, be only limitted to sampling after carry out in laboratory, it is impossible to ultra-high-tension power transmission line shaft tower or open air carry out, the precision of measurement
Limited, depend on the experience and technical merit of survey crew.
LIBS method (Laser-induce Breakdown Spectroscopy, LIBS) is a kind of
Remote analysis method, Laser Focusing in a certain position to be measured in surface of test sample, when the energy density of laser pulse is more than sample
During product breakdown threshold, you can produce plasma, emission spectrum when plasma dissipates can be captured by spectrometer, so as to
Spectrum of laser plasma is obtained, the spectral information of sample is obtained.Based on this special plasma Ablation Technique, generally exist
Sampling, atomization in atomic emission spectrum technology independently, excite three steps can be by pulsed laser excitation source once
Realize.The emission of ions line of continuous bremsstrahlung and inner element is produced in energy of plasma degenerative process, by light
Optical fiber spectrograph gather spectral emissions signal, in analysis of spectra the corresponding feature peak intensity of element can for sample qualitative with
And quantitative analysis.LIBS technology is highly suitable for carrying out long-range constituent content detection.LIBS is present
Obvious matrix effect, its analysis precision are vulnerable to the impact of material for testing physical chemistry characteristic, such as particle size, rough surface
Degree, influencing each other between sample moisture content and component.
Content of the invention
Present invention is primarily targeted at overcoming the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of composite insulating material case hardness is surveyed
Method for testing, can carry out long-range, powered on-the-spot test, quickly obtain accurate composite insulating material superficial hardness number.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is employed the following technical solutions：
A kind of composite insulating material case hardness method of testing, comprises the following steps：
S1, preparation have measured the composite insulating material sample of its case hardness；
S2, LIBS method (LIBS) is used, the composite insulating material is irradiated with pulsed laser beam
The surface of sample, catches the spectrum of laser plasma on the surface；
S3, set up the ion line of chosen elements and atom line ratio and superficial hardness number in the spectrum of laser plasma
Functional relation；
S4, LIBS method is used, the surface for irradiating composite insulating material to be measured with pulsed laser beam,
Catch the spectrum of laser plasma on the surface；
S5, spectrum of laser plasma is obtained according to step S4, based on ion line and atom line ratio and superficial hardness number
Functional relation determine the case hardness of composite insulating material to be measured.
Further：
In step S1, case hardness known to composite insulating material sample is shore hardness, or other to can be exchanged into shore hard
The hardness measuring method of degree.
The shore hardness of the composite insulating material sample in step S1 is measured by procedure below, including：Choose multiple multiple
Insulating materials sample is closed, is marked in the position multiple to be measured of each composite insulating material sample surfaces, is reused shore hard
The hardness number of each position to be measured of each composite insulating material sample surfaces is measured in degree measurement, or it is hard to can be exchanged into shore with other
The hardness measuring method of degree is measured and is converted to Shore durometer number；In step S2, position and hardness that pulsed laser beam irradiates
The position consistency that value is marked when testing, with the corresponding induced with laser of each test position for obtaining each composite insulating material sample
Breakdown spectral.
The surface of the composite insulating material sample is cleaned before test shore hardness.
Step S3 is comprised the following steps：
S31, laser plasma spectral line is obtained to step S2 be normalized；
S32, the spectrum of laser plasma obtained according to step S31, in conjunction with atom spectrum standard and technical data library, and
According to the characteristic of composite insulating material to be measured, it is analysis to select a kind of element or multiple element in the elements such as C, Si, Al, Fe
Element, and an ion line and an atom line of Analysis on Selecting element, obtain the ratio of the ion line and atom line of analytical element
Value；
S33, it is fitted by data, the function for setting up ion line with the hardness number of the ratio and position to be measured of atom line is closed
System, obtains the relation curve between material surface hardness and spectrum of laser plasma intensity level；Wherein when the multiple elements of selection
For analytical element when, the relation curve is determined by multiple linear regression model.
For silicon rubber composite insulation material, two kinds of elements of C and Si are selected as the analytical element.
For heterogeneity and the composite insulating material sample of formula, in step s3 according to corresponding laser plasma
Spectral line and the shore hardness fitting for measuring obtain different multiple regression linear models, so as to obtain corresponding composite insulating material
Case hardness and spectrum of laser plasma intensity ion line and the database of atom line ratio.
For same composition and the composite insulating material sample of formula, its shore hardness is to choose the different operation time limits and not
Obtain with multiple composite insulating material sample tests of working voltage grade.
In step S4, LIBS method is carried out to the composite insulating material on ultra-high-tension power transmission line out of doors
Detection.
In step S4, multiple laser irradiation is carried out to the same position of composite insulating material to be measured, using second or the
Data obtained by irradiating after secondary are used as effective test data.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
The present invention proposes a kind of composite insulating material case hardness method of testing, using table known to pulsed laser beam irradiation
The composite insulating material sample surfaces of surface hardness, capture the spectrum of laser plasma of the sample surfaces, set up in the spectrum
The ion line of some elements and atom line ratio and the functional relation of case hardness, so as to utilize this functional relation, indirectly
The case hardness of actual composite insulating material to be measured is tested, the running status of composite insulating material is assessed.The present invention can
Be applied to hardness test be carried out to long-range, the powered composite insulating material surface at scene, rapidly judge composite insulating material
Case hardness, obtain accurate composite insulating material superficial hardness number, obtain its running status.
Existing detection method and instrument is compared, the method for the present invention has without the need for especially sampling, easy to operate, analysis speed
The advantage of degree fast (all analysis process is less than 30s), multiple insulator chains and list that can be during interruption maintenance to shaft tower
The multiple full skirts for propping up insulator are analyzed judgement.By the application of the present invention, transmission line of electricity compound inslation can be quickly judged
The case hardness of material, is changed according to actual conditions or is safeguarded, it is ensured that the safe operation of power system.
Description of the drawings
Shore hardness xs of the Fig. 1 for an embodiment of the present inventioniIon line C II and atom line C I ratio y with carboni
Graph of relation.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter embodiments of the present invention are elaborated.It is emphasized that what the description below was merely exemplary,
Rather than in order to limit the scope of the present invention and its application.
In one embodiment, a kind of composite insulating material case hardness method of testing, comprises the following steps：
S1, preparation have measured the composite insulating material sample of its case hardness；
S2, LIBS method (LIBS) is used, the composite insulating material is irradiated with pulsed laser beam
The surface of sample, catches the spectrum of laser plasma on the surface；
S3, set up the ion line of chosen elements and atom line ratio and superficial hardness number in the spectrum of laser plasma
Functional relation；
S4, LIBS method is used, the surface for irradiating composite insulating material to be measured with pulsed laser beam,
Catch the spectrum of laser plasma on the surface；
S5, spectrum of laser plasma is obtained according to step S4, based on ion line and atom line ratio and superficial hardness number
Functional relation determine the case hardness of composite insulating material to be measured.
In certain embodiments, in step S1, case hardness known to composite insulating material sample is shore hardness.
In a preferred embodiment, the shore hardness of the composite insulating material sample in step S1 is surveyed by procedure below
, including：Multiple composite insulating material samples are chosen, is carried out in the position multiple to be measured of each composite insulating material sample surfaces
Mark, reuses the hardness number that Shore durometer measures each position to be measured of each composite insulating material sample surfaces, or uses
The hardness measuring method that can be exchanged into shore hardness is measured and is converted to Shore durometer number；In step S2, pulsed laser beam shines
The position consistency that the position that penetrates is marked when being tested with hardness number, to obtain each test position of each composite insulating material sample
Corresponding LIBS.
In a preferred embodiment, the surface of the composite insulating material sample is cleaned before test shore hardness.
In a preferred embodiment, step S3 is comprised the following steps：
S31, laser plasma spectral line is obtained to step S2 be normalized；
S32, the spectrum of laser plasma obtained according to step S31, in conjunction with atom spectrum standard and technical data library, and
According to the characteristic of composite insulating material to be measured, it is analysis to select a kind of element or multiple element in the elements such as C, Si, Al, Fe
Element, and an ion line and an atom line of Analysis on Selecting element, obtain the ratio of the ion line and atom line of analytical element
Value；
S33, it is fitted by data, the function for setting up ion line with the hardness number of the ratio and position to be measured of atom line is closed
System, obtains the relation curve between material surface hardness and spectrum of laser plasma intensity level；Wherein when the multiple elements of selection
For analytical element when, the relation curve is determined by multiple linear regression model.
In a preferred embodiment, for silicon rubber composite insulation material, two kinds of elements of C and Si are selected as the analysis
Element.For other kinds of composite insulating material, corresponding characteristic element may be selected.
In a preferred embodiment, for heterogeneity and the composite insulating material sample of formula, in step s3 basis
Corresponding laser plasma spectral line and the shore hardness fitting for measuring obtain different multiple regression linear models, so as to obtain
Corresponding composite insulating material case hardness and spectrum of laser plasma intensity ion line and the database of atom line ratio.
In a preferred embodiment, for same composition and the composite insulating material sample of formula, its shore hardness is choosing
Take what multiple composite insulating material sample tests of the different operation time limits and different working voltage grades were obtained.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S4, out of doors the composite insulating material on ultra-high-tension power transmission line is swashed
Photoinduction breakdown spectral method is detected.
As during Practical on-site test, material surface may have filth or other compositions, it is preferable that in step S4, to be measured
The same position of composite insulating material carries out multiple laser irradiation, using the data obtained by irradiating after second or second
As effective test data.
The present invention is extremely sensitive to the case hardness change of composite insulating material matrix using LIBS technology and there is high-altitude
Between resolution ratio feature, combined with conventional shore hardness method of testing, using the LIBS analytical equipments (knot of LIBS analytical equipments
Structure and principle are it is known to those skilled in the art that it will not go into details herein), composite insulating material to be measured is detected, is quickly sentenced
The case hardness of disconnected composite insulating material, obtains its running status.Below by way of principle and excellent of the specific embodiment to the present invention
Point is further described.
1. (HTV is multiple for the composite insulating material sample of the different operation time limits of the same producer of selection and different working voltage grades
Close insulator, RTV coating or liquid silicon rubber material can, but one of which need to be defined to)；Choose same producer be for
Test error that material prescription difference bring is reduced as far as possible, and the sample topography of composite insulating material is not limited, and surface filth need to enter
Row cleaning, it is to avoid the measure error that filth is caused.
2. it is marked in the position to be measured of each composite insulating material sample surfaces, and is surveyed using Shore durometer A types
Amount hardness number, is designated as xi.
3. LIBS system is built, can be tested in 0-10 rice scopes.
4. in pair step 1 and 2, each sample for measuring hardness number carries out LIBS test, and LIBS irradiates
The position consistency that marks when will test with hardness number of position, obtain the corresponding laser-induced breakdown of each each position of sample
Spectrum.
5. laser plasma spectral line is normalized so that whole whole spectrograms for obtaining of LIBS tests can be with
Carry out overall calculation.
6. according to the spectrum of laser plasma obtained in step 5, in conjunction with atom spectrum standard and technical data library
(NIST) it is the analytical element (choosing of element to be analyzed, to select a kind of element or multiple element in the elements such as C, Si, Al, Fe
Take relevant with the composition of testing sample, be typically chosen affect the strength of materials element), by taking C element as an example, choose one bar from
Sub-line CII and an atom line CI, general optic spectrum line selection standard are that intensity is high, do not have other high intensity near the spectral line
Spectral line；Obtain the ratio of ion line and atom line, yi CII/CI；
7. comprehensive data above, carries out data fitting, sets up yi CII/CIAnd xiLinear functional relation, obtain material surface
Relation curve between hardness and spectrum of laser plasma intensity level；If selecting multiple elements, polynary line can be obtained
Property regression model, for silicon rubber composite insulation material, C and Si two kinds of elements may be selected, for other materials then needs to select
Corresponding characteristic element.
8. the composite insulating material sample of pair different manufacturers, different geographical, the step of repeat above 1-7, to heterogeneity
With the material of formula, fitting obtains different multiple regression linear models, hard so as to obtain corresponding composite insulating material surface
Degree and spectrum of laser plasma intensity ion line and the database of atom line ratio.
9. apply above functional relation and database, the composite insulating material to actual motion scene survey using LIBS
The spectroscopic data of examination, after processing through database and functional relation, directly obtains its superficial hardness number.
10., during Practical on-site test, have filth or other compositions if there are material surface, can material multiple to same position
The mode of irradiation, carries out correlation computations using with the data of second or third time test；
As described above, present invention utilizes the spectral signature spectral line spy sensitive to sample to be tested case hardness in LIBS technology
A kind of point, there is provided composite insulating material case hardness method for fast measuring based on LIBS, compare existing detection method and
Instrument, with without the need for especially sampling, easy to operate, the advantage of analyze speed fast (all analysis process is less than 30s), Ke Yi
Judgement is analyzed to multiple full skirts of multiple insulator chains and single insulator of shaft tower during interruption maintenance.By the present invention
Application, can quickly judge the case hardness of transmission line of electricity composite insulating material, be changed according to actual conditions or tieed up
Shield, it is ensured that the safe operation of power system.
Example
The composite insulator umbrella skirt of 220kV transmission lines of electricity, same manufacturer, different operation regions is sampled, which is measured
The shore hardness x of ad-hoc locationi, the LIBS test of 5m distances is carried out to each ad-hoc location, selects carbon unit
The ion line C II 588.977nm and atom line C I 247.8561nm of element, and calculate its ratio yi, program meter in software
Calculate its yiWith xiRelation as shown in Figure 1.Other positions to be measured are tested using LIBS, obtains its spectroscopic data, using the function
Relation can calculate the hardness number of other positions to be measured.
Above content is with reference to concrete/preferred embodiment further description made for the present invention, it is impossible to recognize
Being embodied as of the fixed present invention is confined to these explanations.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention,
Without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, which can also make some replacements or modification to the embodiment that these have described that,
And these replacements or variant should all be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of composite insulating material case hardness method of testing, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
S1, preparation have measured the composite insulating material sample of its case hardness；
S2, LIBS method is used, the surface for irradiating the composite insulating material sample with pulsed laser beam,
Catch the spectrum of laser plasma on the surface；
S3, the letter for setting up the ion line of chosen elements and atom line ratio and superficial hardness number in the spectrum of laser plasma
Number relation；
S4, LIBS method is used, the surface for composite insulating material to be measured being irradiated with pulsed laser beam catches
The spectrum of laser plasma on the surface；
S5, spectrum of laser plasma is obtained according to step S4, the letter based on ion line and atom line ratio and superficial hardness number
Number relation determines the case hardness of composite insulating material to be measured.
2. composite insulating material case hardness method of testing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that be combined absolutely in step S1
Case hardness known to edge material sample is shore hardness.
3. composite insulating material case hardness method of testing as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that compound in step S1
The shore hardness of insulating materials sample is measured by procedure below, including：Multiple composite insulating material samples are chosen, multiple at each
The position multiple to be measured for closing insulating materials sample surfaces is marked, and reuses Shore durometer and measures each composite insulating material
The hardness number of each of sample surfaces position to be measured, or measured and turned with other hardness measuring methods that can be exchanged into shore hardness
It is changed to Shore durometer number；In step S2, the position consistency that the position of pulsed laser beam irradiation is marked when being tested with hardness number, with
Obtain the corresponding LIBS of each test position of each composite insulating material sample.
4. composite insulating material case hardness method of testing as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that before test shore hardness
The surface of the composite insulating material sample is cleaned.
5. composite insulating material case hardness method of testing as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that step S3 includes following
Step：
S31, laser plasma spectral line is obtained to step S2 be normalized；
S32, the spectrum of laser plasma obtained according to step S31, in conjunction with atom spectrum standard and technical data library, and according to
The characteristic of composite insulating material to be measured, it is analysis elements to select a kind of element or multiple element in the elements such as C, Si, Al, Fe
Element, and an ion line and an atom line of Analysis on Selecting element, obtain the ion line of analytical element and the ratio of atom line；
S33, it is fitted by data, sets up the functional relation of ion line and the hardness number of the ratio and position to be measured of atom line, obtain
To the relation curve between material surface hardness and spectrum of laser plasma intensity level；It is analysis wherein when multiple elements are selected
During element, the relation curve is determined by multiple linear regression model.
6. composite insulating material case hardness method of testing as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that for silicon rubber compound
Insulating materials, selects two kinds of elements of C and Si as the analytical element.
7. the composite insulating material case hardness method of testing as described in any one of claim 3 to 6, it is characterised in that be directed to
Heterogeneity and the composite insulating material sample of formula, according to corresponding laser plasma spectral line and are measured in step s3
Shore hardness fitting obtains different multiple regression linear models, so as to obtaining corresponding composite insulating material case hardness and swashing
Light plasma spectral intensity ion line and the database of atom line ratio.
8. the composite insulating material case hardness method of testing as described in any one of claim 3 to 6, it is characterised in that be directed to
Same composition and the composite insulating material sample of formula, its shore hardness are to choose the different operation time limits and different working voltages etc.
Multiple composite insulating material sample tests of level are obtained.
9. the composite insulating material case hardness method of testing as described in any one of claim 1 to 8, it is characterised in that step
In S4, LIBS method detection is carried out out of doors to the composite insulating material on ultra-high-tension power transmission line.
10. composite insulating material case hardness method of testing as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that in step S4, treat
The same position for surveying composite insulating material carries out multiple pulses laser irradiation, obtained by irradiating after second or second
Data as effective test data.
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| CN201610930829.0A CN106501237A (en) | 2016-10-31 | 2016-10-31 | A kind of composite insulating material case hardness method of testing |
| PCT/CN2016/107449 WO2018076430A1 (en) | 2016-10-31 | 2016-11-28 | Method for testing surface hardness of composite insulating material |
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| CN109000597A (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2018-12-14 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | A kind of surface roughness measuring method based on laser induced breakdown spectroscopy |
| CN109031066A (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2018-12-18 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | A kind of anti creepage trace measurement method based on laser induced breakdown spectroscopy |
| CN109000597B (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2019-07-19 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | A kind of surface roughness measuring method based on laser induced breakdown spectroscopy |
| CN109239024A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2019-01-18 | 国网河北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Composite insulator Aging level evaluation method and system |
| CN109521041A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-03-26 | 华南理工大学 | XLPE material thermal aging dynamic process multiphase combined detection method |
| CN109521041B (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2022-05-17 | 华南理工大学 | XLPE material thermal aging dynamic process multiphase combined detection method |
| CN111044505A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-21 | 国网山西省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Method for detecting hygroscopic filthy aluminum phosphate |
| CN111044506A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-21 | 国网山西省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Method for detecting water content of aluminum phosphate dirt |
| CN113791063A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-12-14 | 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Method for detecting water content of silicone rubber |
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