CN106215520A - A kind of purifier and purification method - Google Patents
A kind of purifier and purification method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106215520A CN106215520A CN201610793545.1A CN201610793545A CN106215520A CN 106215520 A CN106215520 A CN 106215520A CN 201610793545 A CN201610793545 A CN 201610793545A CN 106215520 A CN106215520 A CN 106215520A
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- purifier
- nanofiber
- filter
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of purifier and purification method.Purifier of the present invention includes filter element, described filter element includes the Nanofiber filter layer formed by nanofiber, described nanofiber is doughnut and is formed with multiple hole on cortex, and described hole connects through described cortex with the tubular cavity of described nanofiber.The purification method of the present invention uses the purifier of the present invention to purify air or water.The filter efficiency of purifier of the present invention improves, and the service life simultaneously making filter membrane is longer.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of purification, more particularly, relate to a kind of purification dress for water or air are purified
Put and purification method.
Background technology
China is since reform and opening-up, and people's living standard improves day by day, but living environment is but day by day to deteriorate, air
Quality and Water quality affect oneself become the major issue of society's common concern to healths.Especially suspend in atmosphere
Particle diameter is not only, less than the particulate matter (PM2.5) of 2.5 μm, the major reason causing haze weather, is also to cause respiratory tract disease simultaneously
One of sick principal element with cardiovascular disease, it has been extremely urgent for therefore using purifier effectively to filter it.
Conventional nonwoven filtering material is widely used in various purifier, such as: glass fibre, polypropylene are fine
Dimension, polyester fiber and polytetrafluoroethylene fibre etc. have obtained wide in the products such as air purifier, automobile air conditioner filter element and mask
General application.But, the fibre diameter of conventional nonwoven filtering material is relatively big, and the filtration hole that fiber accumulations is formed is relatively big, and it is right
Poor compared with the strainability of small size particle.It is thus desirable to more effectively filtering material filters finely ground particles.
It is excellent that nanofiber prepared by electrostatic spinning has that fibre diameter is little, aperture is little, porosity is high, specific surface area is big etc.
Point, is combined it the composite filter material of preparation with non-woven filter material base material and has a preferable filter efficiency, the most non-knits
Make the particulate matter that filtering material base material main filtration particle diameter is bigger, electrospun fibers layer main filtration particle diameter smaller particle thing,
Purifier containing this type of composite filter material has huge using value and prospect at air or water filtration field.Mesh
Before, the nanofibrous structures of electrostatic spinning spinning has solid round cross section (as shown in Figure 1), bead, flat or banding etc., existing
Nanofiber although there is different fibre structures, but its filter membrane yet suffers from, and filter efficiency is on the low side, resistance is relatively big and makes
By the problem that the life-span is short.While improving filter efficiency and reducing resistance, how to extend the service life of filter membrane, be current
What fiber purifier faced needs the technical barrier of solution badly.
Summary of the invention
For problems of the prior art, it is an object of the invention to solve in deficiencies of the prior art
At least one.Such as, an object of the present invention is that providing a kind of includes filterability height and the Nanowire of length in service life
The purifier of dimensional filter film.
To achieve these goals, an aspect of of the present present invention provides a kind of purifier.Described purifier includes filter
Core, described filter element includes the Nanofiber filter layer formed by nanofiber, and described nanofiber is doughnut and at skin
Being formed with multiple hole on Ceng, described hole connects through described cortex with the tubular cavity of described nanofiber.
In an embodiment of the purifier of the present invention, the mean outside diameter of described nanofiber is 0.1～12 μm, institute
The mean inside diameter stating nanofiber is 0.05～9.5 μm, and the average diameter of described through hole is 0.01～5 μm.
In an embodiment of the purifier of the present invention, the thickness of described Nanofiber filter layer is 0.5～5mm.
In an embodiment of the purifier of the present invention, the tubular cavity of described nanofiber can be circular tube shaped,
Described through hole can be manhole.
In an embodiment of the purifier of the present invention, described nanofiber is ultimate fibre.
In an embodiment of the purifier of the present invention, it is staggered that described nanofiber can arrange formation in alternating expression
The Nanofiber filter film of formula.
In an embodiment of the purifier of the present invention, described basic unit is formed by non-woven filter material.
In an embodiment of the purifier of the present invention, described non-woven material (i.e. non-woven filter material) is permissible
For glass fibre, polypropylene fibre, polyester fiber or polytetrafluoroethylene fibre non-woven fabrics.
In an embodiment of the purifier of the present invention, described filter element also includes covering at described Nanofiber filter
Cover layer on layer.
In an embodiment of the purifier of the present invention, described cover layer can be polypropylene honeycomb net, polyester honeybee
Nest net, metal beehive net, polypropylene fiber nonwoven cloth or polyester fiber non-woven fabric.
In an embodiment of the purifier of the present invention, described purifier is air purifier, mask or water purification
Device.
Another aspect provides a kind of purification method.Described method uses at purifier as above
Reason water or air.
Compared with prior art, the Advantageous Effects of the present invention includes:
(1) what electrostatic spinning was prepared by the present invention first have hollow and cortex has the nanofiber of perforated holes structure to draw
Enter in the filtering material of purifier.
(2) in the Nanofiber filter film in purifier of the present invention, nanofiber has hollow and cortex has perforated holes
Structure, this structure increases the specific surface area of material, increases air or water-flowing path footpath, increases particulate matter storage area, made
Membrane filtration efficiency improves and increases the service life while resistance reduction, and it is multiple that its synthetic filter performance is better than existing nanofiber
Filtering material.
(3) the nanofiber composite filter material in purifier of the present invention has filtration efficiency and lower resistance concurrently, simultaneously
Long life, it is widely used value in field of air filtration, at air purifier, car filters filter element, mask, water purification
Great application prospect is had on the products such as equipment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 shows existing nanofibrous structures.
Fig. 2 shows that in purifier according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the filter membrane that filter element is used is shown
It is intended to.
Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram of filter membrane Nanofiber filter therein layer in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 a is the front view of the nanofiber in Fig. 3.
Fig. 4 b is the perspective view of the nanofiber of Fig. 3.
Description of reference numerals:
1-basal layer (or being referred to as receiving base material, basic unit), 2-Nanofiber filter layer, 3-cover layer, 4-nanofiber, 5-
Interfiber pore, 6-cortex, 7-core (or referred to as hollow space, tubular cavity) and 8-through hole.
Detailed description of the invention
Hereinafter, exemplary embodiment and accompanying drawing will be combined to describe purifier and the purification side of the present invention in detail
Method.
As it is shown in figure 1, it is found by the applicant that the reason that at present filtering material service life of purifier is short is to use
Cheng Zhong, interfiber pore 5 is blocked by particulate matter, causes filter efficiency to be greatly reduced, and is now accomplished by changing filtering material.Cause
And, the invention provides a kind of purifier, the core filtration fraction of this purifier is ultimate fibre, during this ultimate fibre has
Empty and cortex has the Nanofiber filter layer of perforated holes structure, makes the filter efficiency of purifier improve, makes filtration simultaneously
The service life of film is longer.
Fig. 2 shows that in purifier according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the filter membrane that filter element is used is shown
It is intended to.Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram of filter membrane Nanofiber filter therein layer in Fig. 2.Fig. 4 a is the nanofiber in Fig. 3
Front view.Fig. 4 b is the perspective view of the nanofiber of Fig. 3.As shown in Fig. 2 to Fig. 4 b, the most only
The filter element of gasifying device is that nanofiber composite filter material (i.e. filter course) is formed, and nanofiber composite filter material includes substrate
Layer 1, Nanofiber filter layer 2 and cover layer 3, Nanofiber filter layer 2 is compounded on basal layer 1, and cover layer 3 covers in nanometer
On fibrous filter layer 2.Nanofiber filter layer 2 is to be formed filtration by nanofiber 4, and such as, nanofiber is alternating expression
Arrangement forms the Nanofiber filter film (i.e. Nanofiber filter layer) of alternating expression.
Wherein, nanofiber is doughnut and is formed with multiple hole 8 on cortex 6, and described hole passes cortex
Connect with the tubular cavity 7 of nanofiber.I.e. nanofiber is to have hollow and cortex has the pore space structure running through core-skin, specifically
Ground, nanofiber include cortex 6, by cortex around formed and along fiber axial distribution tubular cavity (hollow structure) 7 and
The multiple through holes (being also called hole) 8 being formed on cortex and connect through cortex with tubular cavity, cortex hole is from fiber
Wall extends through inwall.
In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable that the mean outside diameter of nanofiber is 0.1～12 μm, flat
All internal diameters are 0.05～9.5 μm, and the average diameter of through hole is 0.01～5 μm.It is further preferred that the mean outside diameter of nanofiber
Being 5～9 μm, mean inside diameter is 3～6 μm, and the average diameter of through hole is 1～3 μm.
In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable that tubular cavity can be circular tube shaped, through hole can be circle
Shape through hole.
In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable that nanofiber is ultimate fibre.
In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, nanofiltration layer main filtration particle diameter smaller particle thing, such as grain
Footpath 0.1～2.5 μm.
In one embodiment of the invention, non-woven material (non-woven filter material) can be glass fibre, poly-third
Alkene fiber, polyester fiber or polytetrafluoroethylene fibre non-woven fabrics.The effect of non-woven material (non-woven filter material) is to filter
The particulate matter that in air or water, particle diameter is bigger.Such as, such as the particulate matter of particle diameter 2.5～10 μm.
In one embodiment of the invention, cover layer can be polypropylene, polyester or metal beehive net, polypropylene or poly-
Ester fiber non-woven fabrics.The effect of cover layer is to be fixed by Nanofiber filter layer, it is to avoid in use Nanofiber filter
Layer departs from from basal layer.
Nanofiber employed in purifier of the present invention has the structure of uniqueness, innovatively passes through electrostatic spinning technique
Prepare and there is hollow and cortex has the nanofiber of through hole structure, owing to air or water filtration path are vertical from tube wall
Direction flows through that (air or water are along being perpendicular to the direction of film successively from non-woven layer, nanofiltration layer and cover layer the most in fig. 2
Flow through), only having that the hollow Nano fiber in use of hollow structure applies can not be to filter efficiency, resistance in air or Water filter material
And there is any improvement result in service life；The nanofiber only with surface porosity is applied in air or Water filter material
In simply the most single increase material specific surface area, compare the nanofiber of smooth surface structure, loose structure is to filter efficiency slightly
There is lifting, but resistance and service life are not had any improvement result.Hollow+cortex is had the structure of perforated holes by the present invention
Cooperate and beyond thought " chemical reaction " but can occur, obtain having innovation structure and there is brand-new and superior filtration effect
Nanofiber.
Described have hollow and cortex has the specific surface area of perforated holes structure nano fiber filter film bigger, and is filtering
Time, the path that air or water pass in Nanofiber filter film is increasingly complex, it can be greatly improved to granule in air or water
The intercepting efficiency of thing, therefore can improve the filter efficiency of filtering material；When filtering, air or water leading to through fiber filter film
Road, except interfibrous hole 5 hole 8 that also ultimate fibre cortex runs through, therefore can reduce resistance；Filter time, particulate matter from
The hole 8 that fibrocortex runs through enters fiber hollow space (i.e. tubular cavity) 7, and particulate matter collides with fiber inwall, finally sinks
Fall empty part 7 in the fibre, therefore doughnut has the function intercepting and storing particulate matter, improves filtering material to particulate matter
Saturated extent of adsorption, extend its service life.This nanofiber is applied and is achieved brand-new skill in air or Water filter material
Art effect, promotes its filter efficiency significantly and reduces resistance, it is often more important that extending its service life.The purification dress of the present invention
Putting can be air purifier, mask or purifier.
Electrospinning device can be used to prepare nanofiber composite filtering film, comprise the following steps: polymer is dissolved
Obtaining polymer dope in the first solvent, the first solvent is made up of at least two solvent, and at least wraps in the first solvent
Include a kind of boiling point solvent less than 60 DEG C；Polymer dope is injected the outer tube of coaxial spinning head, by molten to gas or second
The inner tube of coaxial spinning head is sent in agent, carries out coaxial electrostatic spinning；The nanofiber of spinning is deposited directly to and is positioned over reception electricity
On basal layer (be also called basic unit or receive base material) on pole plate, form Nanofiber filter film (Nanofiber filter layer)；?
Nanofiber filter film surface one layer of cover layer of paving, forms the receiving of sandwich structure of basic unit, Nanofiber filter layer, cover layer
Rice fiber composite filter membrane.
During electrostatic spinning, the quick volatilization of high volatile solvent not only makes the concentration of polymer solution at short notice
Drastically raise, fiber surface temperature also can be made quickly to reduce.The quickly volatilization of solvent can make material surface temperature even reduce
To less than 0 DEG C.Concentration raises and the common effect of temperature reduction makes polymer solution stride across binodal dotted line or spinodal is entered by stable state
Entering metastable state or unstable state thus cause separated, form polymer rich district and solvent rich regions, polymer rich district is formed
Fiber reinforcement, solvent rich regions then forms hole.
In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, described polymer can be polyglycolic acid, polylactic acid, gather in oneself
Ester, polyformaldehyde, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, poly(ethylene oxide), aliphatic polyester copolymer, polyamide, poly-carbonic acid
Ester, polyurethane, polyethylene glycol oxide, polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose acetate, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl pyrrolidone
Or hydroxypropyl cellulose.
In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the inner tube specification inside/outside footpath of described coaxial spinning head is respectively 0.2
～2/0.4～2.6mm, the outer tube specification inside/outside footpath of described coaxial spinning head is respectively 0.5～3/0.7～3.6mm, described with
The gas of axle spinning head inner tube or the flow velocity of the second solvent are 0.2～1mL/h, polymer spun in described coaxial spinning head outer tube
The flow velocity of silk liquid is 0.5～1.5mL/h, and voltage is 7～30kV, and receiving range is 5～30cm, in described coaxial electrostatic spinning mistake
Cheng Zhong, ambient temperature is 10～40 DEG C, and relative humidity is 10～90%, and the mass percent concentration of described polymer dope is
4～30%.
In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, described first solvent is dichloromethane, chloroform, oxolane, N,
Dinethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, acetone, isopropanol, formic acid, acetic acid, methanol, ethanol, butanol, curing
At least two in carbon, acetone and water.
In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, described second solvent is dichloromethane, chloroform, oxolane, N,
Dinethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, acetone, isopropanol, formic acid, acetic acid, methanol, ethanol, butanol, curing
At least one in carbon, acetone and water.Second solvent can select same solvent with the first solvent, it is also possible to is chosen as difference
Solvent.
In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, described first solvent is by low boiling point solvent and high boiling solvent two kinds
Composition, wherein, the boiling point of described low boiling point solvent is less than 60 DEG C, and the boiling point of described high boiling solvent is molten higher than described low boiling
Agent, described low boiling point solvent is 1:1～8:1 with the volume ratio of described high boiling solvent.Such as, the first solvent is by N, N-dimethyl
Acetamide and dichloromethane two kinds compound, or are compounded by acetone and dichloromethane two kinds, or by DMF
Compound with dichloromethane two kinds, or compounded by N,N-dimethylacetamide and Carbon bisulfide two kinds, or by acetone and two sulfur
Change two kinds of carbon to compound.
In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, use the mode of coaxial electrostatic spinning to prepare hollow and cortex has
The nano-fiber composite material of perforated holes structure, the steps include:
(1) a certain amount of polymer is joined in the middle of corresponding solvent, and by magnetic stirring apparatus continuous stirring 5～30
Individual hour, the concentration of uniform, the stable polymer dope formed was 4～30%, as cortex spinning liquid.
(2) solution (polymer dope) that above-mentioned steps (1) prepares is injected the outer tube of coaxial spinning head, blowing air or
Solvent enters inner tube, carries out coaxial electrostatic spinning at a certain temperature and humidity conditions, the nanofiber Direct precipitation of spinning
Receiving substrate surface.
(3) at the Nanofiber filter layer surface one layer of cover layer of paving above-mentioned steps (2) spinned, basic unit, nanometer are formed
Fibrous filter layer, the nanofiber composite filter material (as shown in Figure 2) of sandwich structure of cover layer.
Such as, polylactic acid (PLLA) is placed under 60 DEG C of vacuum drying ovens vacuum drying 10 hours.By dried polylactic acid
Granule is dissolved in mixed solvent, and group of solvents becomes N,N-dimethylacetamide: dichloromethane=1:7 (volume ratio), then by it
Being placed on magnetic stirring apparatus stirring 10 hours, form uniform solution, the mass fraction of this solution is 8%, as cortex spinning
Liquid.Injecting coaxial by above-mentioned cortex spinning liquid, inject the outer tube of coaxial spinning head, blowing air enters inner tube, temperature 23 DEG C, wet
Coaxial electrostatic spinning is carried out under conditions of degree 50%.Spinning technology parameter is: inner tube specification is 1.0/1.2mm (inner/outer diameter),
Outer tube specification is 2.0/2.6mm (inner/outer diameter).The flow velocity of inner tube air is 0.5mL/h, and the flow velocity of outer tube solution is 1.0mL/
H, voltage is 20kV, and receiving range is 20cm, and reception base material is polypropylene non-woven fabric, after having spinned, takes off drying, by one layer
Polypropylene non-woven fabric covers on Nanofiber filter layer surface, obtains nanofiber composite filtering film.Obtained nanofiber is
Hollow and cortex have perforated holes, and wherein fiber mean outside diameter is 2.0 μm, and mean inside diameter is 1.4 μm, cortex hole average diameter
It it is 0.8 μm.Obtained Nanofiber filter layer thickness is 0.5mm.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of purification method, and described method uses the purifier of the application to process water
Or air.
In sum, purifier of the present invention includes having hollow and cortex has the nanofiber of perforated holes structure,
It is longer that it can make filter efficiency improve service life while gentle resistance reduces.The purifier of the present invention is led in air filtration
Territory and water purification field are widely used value, have great application prospect.
Although describe the present invention already in connection with accompanying drawing and exemplary embodiment above, but those of ordinary skill in the art
It should be clear that in the case of without departing from spirit and scope by the claims, above-described embodiment can be carried out various amendment.
Claims (10)
1. a purifier, it is characterised in that described purifier includes that filter element, described filter element include being formed by nanofiber
Nanofiber filter layer, described nanofiber is doughnut and is formed with multiple hole on cortex, and described hole is worn
Cross described cortex to connect with the tubular cavity of described nanofiber.
Purifier the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the mean outside diameter of described nanofiber is 0.1～12 μ
M, the mean inside diameter of described nanofiber is 0.05～9.5 μm, and the average diameter of described through hole is 0.01～5 μm.
Purifier the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described nanofiber is that alternating expression arrangement is formed staggered
The Nanofiber filter layer of formula.
Purifier the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described Nanofiber filter layer is used for filtering particle diameter and is
The small particle of 0.1～2.5 μm, described basic unit is for filtering the bulky grain thing that particle diameter is 2.5～10 μm.
Purifier the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described filter element also includes basic unit, described nanofiber
Filter course is compounded in described basic unit.
Purifier the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described basic unit is formed by non-woven filter material.
Purifier the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described filter element also includes covering at described nanofiber
Cover layer on filter course.
Purifier the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described cover layer is polypropylene honeycomb net, polyester honeybee
Nest net, metal beehive net, polypropylene fiber nonwoven cloth or polyester fiber non-woven fabric.
Purifier the most as claimed in any of claims 1 to 8, it is characterised in that described purifier is air
Depurator, mask or purifier.
10. a purification method, it is characterised in that described method uses and purifies as claimed in any of claims 1 to 8 in one of claims
Device purifies water or air.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610793545.1A CN106215520A (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | A kind of purifier and purification method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610793545.1A CN106215520A (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | A kind of purifier and purification method |
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| CN201610793545.1A Pending CN106215520A (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | A kind of purifier and purification method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107413134A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2017-12-01 | 王嵩野 | A kind of washable reusable air filtering core |
| CN108579237A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-09-28 | 青岛大牧人机械股份有限公司 | A kind of lower negative pressure filter core of farm's waste gas treatment equipment |
| CN108849144A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-11-23 | 江苏安纳泰环保科技有限公司 | A kind of atmosphere pollution automatically cleaning processing method and device |
| KR20210036117A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2021-04-02 | 한양대학교 산학협력단 | Fiber assembly comprising a plurality of pla fibers and super water-repellent nanoparticles and a method of manufacturing the same |
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| CN103721478A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-04-16 | 苏州鑫帛泰纺织科研有限公司 | Porous hollow fiber fabric |
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| JPS61204052A (en) * | 1985-03-08 | 1986-09-10 | Toray Ind Inc | Air filter having novel filtering characteristics |
| CN102665878A (en) * | 2009-06-26 | 2012-09-12 | Bl科技公司 | Non-braided, textile-reinforced hollow fiber membrane |
| CN202366575U (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2012-08-08 | 山东新高工业有限公司 | Non-woven fabric air filtering material and filter element |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107413134A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2017-12-01 | 王嵩野 | A kind of washable reusable air filtering core |
| CN108579237A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-09-28 | 青岛大牧人机械股份有限公司 | A kind of lower negative pressure filter core of farm's waste gas treatment equipment |
| CN108579237B (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2023-12-26 | 青岛大牧人机械股份有限公司 | Low negative pressure filter core of plant exhaust-gas treatment equipment |
| CN108849144A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-11-23 | 江苏安纳泰环保科技有限公司 | A kind of atmosphere pollution automatically cleaning processing method and device |
| KR20210036117A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2021-04-02 | 한양대학교 산학협력단 | Fiber assembly comprising a plurality of pla fibers and super water-repellent nanoparticles and a method of manufacturing the same |
| KR102254770B1 (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2021-05-20 | 한양대학교 산학협력단 | Fiber assembly comprising a plurality of pla fibers and super water-repellent nanoparticles and a method of manufacturing the same |
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Application publication date: 20161214 |