CN106191957A - The sensitization discoloration aluminium alloy that a kind of aluminium alloy surface treatment method and the method obtain - Google Patents
The sensitization discoloration aluminium alloy that a kind of aluminium alloy surface treatment method and the method obtain Download PDFInfo
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- CN106191957A CN106191957A CN201610749136.1A CN201610749136A CN106191957A CN 106191957 A CN106191957 A CN 106191957A CN 201610749136 A CN201610749136 A CN 201610749136A CN 106191957 A CN106191957 A CN 106191957A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/06—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon characterised by the electrolytes used
- C25D11/08—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon characterised by the electrolytes used containing inorganic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/18—After-treatment, e.g. pore-sealing
- C25D11/24—Chemical after-treatment
- C25D11/243—Chemical after-treatment using organic dyestuffs
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/18—After-treatment, e.g. pore-sealing
- C25D11/24—Chemical after-treatment
- C25D11/246—Chemical after-treatment for sealing layers
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of surface of aluminium alloy, specifically, relates to a kind of aluminium alloy surface treatment method and sensitization discoloration Al alloy parts that the method obtains.Described method at least comprises the following steps: step one, Al alloy parts is carried out anodic oxidation, enables aluminum alloy to surface of the work and generates multiaperture pellumina layer；Step 2, the Al alloy parts after anodic oxidation is carried out sensitization discoloration material filling, make sensitization discoloration material be filled in multiaperture pellumina layer；Step 3, to sensitization discoloration material fill after Al alloy parts dye；And step 4, to dyeing after Al alloy parts carry out sealing of hole.Described method enable aluminum alloy to surface realize can the function of sensitization discoloration and appearance, effectively promote the outward appearance competitiveness of aluminum alloy material.
Description
Technical field
The application relates to the technical field of surface of aluminium alloy, specifically, relates to a kind of aluminium alloy surface treatment method
And the sensitization discoloration Al alloy parts that the method obtains.
Background technology
Aluminum or aluminum alloy is aoxidized under acid solution and suitable voltage, porous type anodised aluminium can be obtained
Film.Its production technology generally comprises: mechanical polishing chemical treatment is removed the copper component cleaning of some alloy surface and gone
(for the most anodized part, anodization the most again, is to remove original anodization table with alkali or special agent to oil
Layer) to put in dilute sulfuric acid and be energized as anode, the oxide layer generating surface porosity is (thin for white translucent
Film) dyeing fixing (heat or make the hole of surface oxide layer close with chromatedsolution).
In the sufacing of aluminum, anodic oxidation is most widely used with most successful technology, be also research and develop the most deep
With the most comprehensive technology.Anodizing of aluminium film has a series of superior performance, can meet diversified demand, therefore
It is described as a kind of omnipotent surface protection film of aluminum.Specifically, it has characteristics that 1) corrosion resistance.Aluminium anode oxide film can
Not corroded with effectively protection aluminum substrate, anode oxide film is obviously more preferable than the properties of oxide-film of self-assembling formation, thickness and sealing of hole
Quality directly affects serviceability.2) hardness and wearability.The hardness ratio aluminum substrate of aluminium anode oxide film is much higher, matrix hard
Degree is HV100, the hardness of common anode oxide-film about HV300, and hardness oxide-film can reach HV500.Wearability and hardness
Relation is consistent.3) ornamental.Aluminium anode oxide film can protect the metallic luster of polished surface, and anode oxide film can also contaminate
Normal complexion colours, it is thus achieved that and keep colourful outward appearance.4) organic coating and electrodeposited coating tack.Aluminium anode oxide film is aluminum table
Face accepts a kind of method of organic coating and electrodeposited coating, and it is effectively improved adhesive force and the corrosion resistance of surface layer.5) electric insulation
Property.Aluminum is good conductor, and aluminium anode oxide film is high-resistance dielectric film.Breakdown voltage is more than 30V/mm, special preparation
High dielectric film is even up to about 200V/mm.6) transparency.The transparency of aluminium anode oxide film own is the highest, and the purity of aluminum is the highest,
Then transparency is the highest.The transparency is all had an impact by purity and the alloying component of aluminum alloy materials.7) functional.Utilize anodic oxidation
The porous of film, deposits functional particle in micropore, can obtain various functional material.Functional part the most under development
Function has function solenoid, catalysis, sensing function and separation function etc..
Anodic oxidation is aluminum and the most frequently used process of surface treatment of aluminium alloy, but the anodic oxidation commonly used at present all without
Method enables aluminum alloy to surface and realizes function and the appearance of sensitization discoloration.
In consideration of it, special, the application is proposed.
Summary of the invention
First purpose of the application is to propose the surface treatment method of a kind of aluminium alloy.
Second purpose of the application is to propose the sensitization discoloration Al alloy parts that described surface treatment method obtains.
In order to complete the purpose of the application, the technical scheme of employing is:
The application relates to the surface treatment method of a kind of aluminium alloy, and described method at least comprises the following steps:
Step one, Al alloy parts is carried out anodic oxidation, enable aluminum alloy to surface of the work and generate multiaperture pellumina layer；
Step 2, the Al alloy parts after anodic oxidation is carried out sensitization discoloration material filling, make sensitization discoloration material fill out
It is charged in multiaperture pellumina layer；
Step 3, to sensitization discoloration material fill after Al alloy parts dye；And
Step 4, to dyeing after Al alloy parts carry out sealing of hole.
Preferably, in step one, described anodic oxidation uses sulphuric acid as electrolyte, and wherein sulfuric acid concentration is 150-
200g/L。
Preferably, in step one, described anodised voltage is 11-13V, and electric current density is 0.8-1.0A/mm2, sun
Pole oxidation trough temperature is 18-22 DEG C, and anodizing time is 30-40min.
Preferably, in step 2, described sensitization discoloration material is selected from two heterocyclic vinyl compounds or spiro-pyrans class chemical combination
Thing.
Preferably, in step 2, by the way of silk screen printing, sensitization discoloration material is made to be filled into multiaperture pellumina
In layer, it is preferred to use 500-600 mesh silk screen.
Preferably, in step 2, by the way of immersion is adsorbed, sensitization discoloration material is made to be filled into multiaperture pellumina
In layer, the most described sensitization discoloration material is 1:8-12 with the mass ratio of water, and soaking temperature is 50-70 DEG C, and soak time is 60-
120s。
Preferably, in step 3, the aqueous solution of azo dye is used to dye.
Preferably, in step 3, described azo dye is 1:8-10 with the mass ratio of water, and dyeing temperature is 70-80 DEG C, dye
The color time is 30-500s.
Preferably, in step 4, the aqueous solution without nickel hole sealing agent is used to carry out sealing of hole.
Preferably, in step 4, the concentration of described hole sealing agent is 8-10g/L, and sealing of hole temperature is 85-100 DEG C, the sealing of hole time
For 30-50 minute.
The application further relates to a kind of sensitization discoloration Al alloy parts, and described Al alloy parts passes through aforesaid surface process side
Method prepares.
Preferably, described Al alloy parts include being set in turn in aluminum alloy surface and the sensitization discoloration layer fitted each other,
Dye coating and confining bed；Containing sensitization discoloration dyestuff in wherein said sensitization discoloration layer, containing azo dye in described dye coating,
Containing with or without nickel hole sealing agent in described confining bed.
The technical scheme of the application at least has a following beneficial effect:
The application relates to a kind of aluminium alloy surface treatment method, and described method is filled by anodic oxidation, sensitive material, dye
The processing step such as color, sealing of hole, enable aluminum alloy to surface realize can the function of sensitization discoloration and appearance, effectively promote aluminium alloy material
The outward appearance competitiveness of matter.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the sensitization discoloration Al alloy parts that herein described method obtains.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the application is expanded on further.Should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate the application
Rather than restriction scope of the present application.
The application relates to the surface treatment method of a kind of aluminium alloy, and the method is filled by anodic oxidation, sensitive material, dye
The processing step such as color, sealing of hole, enable aluminum alloy to surface realize can the function of sensitization discoloration and appearance, effectively promote aluminium alloy material
The outward appearance competitiveness of matter.
Specifically, the method at least comprises the following steps:
Step one, Al alloy parts (may be simply referred to as " aluminum component " afterwards) is carried out anodic oxidation, enable aluminum alloy to surface of the work raw
Become multiaperture pellumina layer；
Step 2, the Al alloy parts after anodic oxidation is carried out sensitization discoloration material filling, make sensitization discoloration material fill out
It is charged in multiaperture pellumina layer；
Step 3, to sensitization discoloration material fill after Al alloy parts dye；And
Step 4, to dyeing after Al alloy parts carry out sealing of hole.
As a kind of improvement of the application processing method, need aluminium workpiece surface is carried out before step one mechanical pretreatment and
Anodic oxidation pre-treatment.
Wherein mechanical pretreatment is broadly divided into " mirror ultrafinish " and " sandblasting " two steps, and concrete operations mode is as follows:
Mirror ultrafinish is to be applied in by polishing fluid on soft cloth wheel, blanket wheel or polyurethane (PU) skin wheel, utilizes mechanical rotation
Make soft cloth wheel, blanket wheel or PU skin wheel friction aluminium workpiece surface, it is thus achieved that as bright as a sixpence finishing process.Specifically, minute surface grinds
Mill can be carried out on full-automatic mirror grinding machine, first carries out rough polishing by coarse and irregular surface correction molding, then carries out mirror
Face is ground, by atomic for aluminium workpiece surface little uneven polishing.Mirror ultrafinish Main Function is the numerical control knife removing aluminium workpiece surface residual
Tool processing knife mark, burr, concavo-convex, make aluminium workpiece surface obtain the surface of minute surface rank light.Mirror ultrafinish can make aluminium workpiece surface
Thinning 0.03mm.
" sandblasting " is that dry sand stream or other abrasive particles are sprayed onto aluminium workpiece surface by the compressed air using elite, thus removes surface
Defect, presents a kind of operational approach in uniformity unglazed sand face.Sandblasting primarily serve remove aluminium workpiece surface burr and
Its defect dirt, improve the effect such as aluminum or aluminum alloy mechanical performance.Sand grains used is generally corundum, alumina particle, oxidation
Zirconium granule, bead etc..The application uses zirconia particles to carry out sandblasting, zirconia particles granularity can be selected for 120#, 150#,
170#, 205#, sandblasting atmospheric pressure is 2.5-3.0Kg.
After mechanical pretreatment completes, owing to the initial surface of aluminum component generally there are natural oxide film, greasy dirt and other pollution
Thing, therefore needed aluminium workpiece surface is carried out anodic oxidation pre-treatment before carrying out anodic oxidation.Anodic oxidation pre-treatment is main
Including following step: 1, acid defat；2, alkali cleaning；3, ash disposal neutralizes；4, ultrasonic washing；5, chemical polishing；
Wherein, the purpose of acid defat is the pollutant such as oils and fats and the dust of removing aluminium workpiece surface, makes alkali cleaning ratio below
More uniform, to improve the quality of anode oxide film.Acid defat is carried out at normal temperatures, is in the acidity as base with sulphuric acid and phosphoric acid
Carrying out defat in solution, wherein phosphoric acid content in an acidic solution is 30～40g/L, and sulphuric acid content in an acidic solution is
7～10g/L, acid degreasing time is 3～5 minutes.
The purpose of alkali cleaning is to remove the dirty of aluminium workpiece surface and natural oxide film further, to manifest pure Metal Substrate
Body, for realizing homogeneous conductive subsequently in anode oxidation process, generates uniform anode oxide film and lays good surface foundation.Alkali
Washing is to put into aluminum component to carry out etch reaction in the alkaline solution with sodium hydroxide as main constituent, and wherein sodium hydroxide is molten in alkalescence
Content in liquid is 40-55g/L, and alkali cleaning temperature is 40-50 DEG C, and the alkali cleaning time is 2-5 minute.
The purpose that ash disposal neutralizes is the impurity layer removing and remaining in aluminium workpiece surface after alkali cleaning, being mainly composed of of this impurity layer
Intermetallic compound and the alkali cleaning products thereof such as copper insoluble in alkaline solution, ferrum, silicon, to prevent them to follow-up anodizing tank
The pollution of liquid.It is to use certain density salpeter solution as in ash disposal and tank liquor that ash disposal neutralizes, and generally uses the mass fraction to be
The salpeter solution of 10%-25%, at normal temperatures dipping 1-3 minute.
The purpose of ultrasonic washing is thoroughly to remove in ash disposal and the salpeter solution of rear aluminium workpiece surface residual, general ultrasonic cleaning
Twice, every all over about 2-3 minute.
The purpose of chemical polishing is to remove the slight mold mark of aluminium workpiece surface, the friction wiped in scuffing striped, mechanical polishing
Striped, thermal transformation layer etc., make coarse surface tend to smooth and obtain the surface of approximation bright in mirror surface.Chemical polishing uses by phosphorus
Three acid chemical polishing solutions of acid, sulphuric acid and nitric acid composition, are characterized in that phosphoric acid relative amount is relatively low and sulphuric acid relative amount is higher,
Polish temperature is higher, and aluminium workpiece surface impurity can be more effectively removed in relatively conventional chemical polishing, obtains the purest brighter surface effect
Really.In three acid chemical polishing solutions, the concentration of phosphoric acid is 25-30g/L, and the concentration of sulphuric acid is 30-35g/L, and the concentration of nitric acid is 7-
10g/L, chemical polishing temperature is 90-100 DEG C, and the time is the 15-30 second.
After mechanical pretreatment and anodic oxidation pre-treatment complete, aluminum component is carried out anodic oxidation.As the application surface
A kind of improvement of reason method, this anodic oxidation is with aluminum component as anode, and graphite cake is negative electrode, with sulphuric acid as electrolyte, utilizes electricity
Solution effect makes aluminium workpiece surface form the process of multiaperture pellumina layer.Preferably, sulfuric acid concentration is 150-200g/L, anodic oxidation
Voltage be 11-13V, electric current density is 0.8-1.0A/mm2, anodizing tank temperature is 18-22 DEG C, anodizing time
For 30-40min.After anodic oxidation, the multiaperture pellumina layer formed at aluminium workpiece surface is that follow-up filling sensitization discoloration material carries
Supply carrier.
Sensitization discoloration material may utilize sunlight (UV light) and controls color change, is colorless or colored in indoor, outdoor purple
Manifest color under outer linear light or become another kind of color.The basic colors of sensitization discoloration material is red, yellow, blue, green, purple, orange.Make
A kind of for the application surface treatment method improves, and organic photo off-color material typically selected by sensitization discoloration material, and it is powder
Shape, uses the mode of physics filling to insert in the hole of multiaperture pellumina layer, and available have two heterocyclic vinyl compounds
Or spiro-pyrans compounds.
Wherein two heterocyclic vinyl compounds chemical formulas are shown in formula I:
Wherein, M1And M2Selected from 2 methyl indole base, methyl substituted thienyl, methyl substituted benzothienyl, methyl
Substituted pyrrole radicals or 1,3-dimethylated indolyl.
Spiro-pyrans compounds is the class chemical combination that two heteroaromatics are formed by connecting by the spiral shell carbon atom of a SP3 hydridization
Thing, be preferably selected from N-butyl-6-nitro spiro-pyrans, 3,3-dimethyl-N-methyl-5-chloro-6-chloro-8-nitro benzo spiro-pyrans.
Organic photo off-color material utilizes the energy of ultraviolet light to be opened by organic photo molecular link, makes it jump from low-lying level
High level.I.e. jump visible ray energy level district from black light, thus produce the change of color.When losing ultraviolet light and irradiating, have
Machine light sensitive molecule key can be closed again, i.e. returns to original color.
As a kind of improvement of the application surface treatment method, sensitization discoloration material is filled into multiaperture pellumina layer
Mode has two kinds, and the first is silk screen printing, and the second is for soaking absorption.
In first kind of way, application fixed jig also uses 500-600 mesh silk screen printing, makes sensitization discoloration material pass through
Silk screen grid is immersed in multiaperture pellumina layer.
In the second way, sensitization discoloration material is mixed with the mass ratio of 1:10 with deionized water, temperature is heated
To 60 DEG C, then immersing in this solution by the aluminum component after anodic oxidation, the immersion time is 60-120s, in cellular porous oxygen
Change aluminum membranous layer and can adsorb this sensitization discoloration material.
As a kind of improvement of the application processing method, according to required color, to the aluminum having been filled with sensitization discoloration material
Part carries out dyeing process, and dyeing theory is that the physical absorption of dyestuff toner is coloured by multiaperture pellumina layer, used herein
Azo dye dyes, and concrete grammar is to be mixed with the mass ratio of 1:8-10 with deionization pure water by the color of object toner of needs
Close, temperature is heated to 70-80 DEG C, then by after anodic oxidation and have been filled with the aluminum component of sensitization discoloration material and immerse this azo dye
Material solution dyes.Dyeing time sets according to color effects, typically in the 30-500 second.Azo dye is azo group two ends
Connect a class organic compound of aryl, be fabric clothing most widely used class synthetic dyestuffs in dyeing and printing process, use
In the multiple natural and dyeing of synthetic fibers and stamp, it is also used for the coloring of paint, plastics, rubber etc..Common azo dye
Kind has tonyred, aniline yellow etc..
Owing to dark dye can reduce the performance of sensitization discoloration effect, particularly black based dye and sense to a certain extent
Effect after photochromic material coordinates can weaken, but still has sensitization discoloration effect.The most there are not phenetic analysis means
Sensitization discoloration effect is quantified.With without being colourless during ultraviolet lighting, as a example by after illumination being blue sensitization discoloration material: when
After this sensitization discoloration material adds common fluorescent weld, it is yellow in indoor color, this sensitization discoloration under outdoor ultraviolet light
Material starts colour developing, and with fluorescent dye color addition, the secondary colour being finally shown as two kinds of colors is green.Other dispensing mode
Can also be: sensitization discoloration material is colourless when without ultraviolet lighting to be blue after illumination, after adding orchil, in indoor
Color is red, is purple under outdoor ultraviolet light；Sensitization discoloration material is colourless when without ultraviolet lighting, is red after illumination,
After adding blue dyes, it is blue in indoor color, is purple under outdoor ultraviolet light；Sensitization discoloration material is when without ultraviolet lighting
For redness, it is colourless after illumination, after adding brown dye, is black in indoor color, be brown under outdoor ultraviolet light.
As a kind of improvement of the application processing method, the aluminum component after dyeing is placed in the solution containing hole sealing agent and carries out
High temperature hole sealing processes.The purpose of sealing of hole is that hole sealing agent and hydrate are immersed to have been filled with the anodic alumina films layer of dyestuff toner
In, the hole in pellumina is carried out sealing treatment, the internal aluminium of isolation and the further reaction of other material in air.Envelope
Hole agent is broadly divided into organic sealing agent and inorganic sealing hole agent.Wherein organic sealing agent is selected from vinyl, phenolic aldehyde, modified model epoxy
Resin and polyurethane etc., mostly they be the sealing of hole for steel substrate zinc or aluminized coating, and operating temperature is the highest, is in aerial oxygen
The environment such as change, industrial atmosphere, sea water.For high-temperature oxydation medium, then with asphaltic base aluminium paste, aluminum silicone resin and some silicic acid
The inorganic sealing hole agent such as salt, chromate, maximum operating temperature is up to 980 DEG C.The Main Basis selecting hole sealing agent is residing medium
Corrosion condition and operating temperature.Owing to nickel salt sealer in early days is containing Ni2+、F-, to human body and environmental toxic evil effect, the application
Middle use is without nickel hole sealing agent.Preferably, the concentration of hole sealing agent is 8-10g/L, and sealing of hole temperature is 85-100 DEG C, and the sealing of hole time is
30-50 minute.
The application further relates to the sensitization discoloration Al alloy parts that the method obtains, including be set in turn in aluminum alloy surface and
Sensitization discoloration layer, dye coating and the confining bed fitted each other；Wherein containing sensitization discoloration dyestuff, dye coating in sensitization discoloration layer
In containing azo dye, containing with or without nickel hole sealing agent in confining bed.Sensitization discoloration layer and dye coating are respectively positioned on multiaperture pellumina layer
In.
The method using the application to provide, sequentially passes through anodic oxidation, sensitive material filling, dyeing, sealing of hole etc. by aluminum component
Processing step, make aluminium workpiece surface realize can the function of sensitization discoloration and appearance, the outward appearance effectively promoting aluminum alloy material is competing
Strive power.
Embodiment 1～4
Aluminum component through mechanical pretreatment and anodic oxidation pre-treatment is carried out anodic oxidation.Use sulphuric acid as electrolysis
Liquid, wherein sulfuric acid concentration is 150-200g/L.Anodised voltage is 11-13V, and electric current density is 0.8-1.0A/mm2, sun
Pole oxidation trough temperature is 18-22 DEG C, and anodizing time is 30-40min.The experiment parameter of embodiment 1～4 Anodic Oxidation
As shown in table 1.
Table 1
| Embodiment | Sulfuric acid concentration | Voltage | Electric current density | Cell body temperature | Time |
| Embodiment 1 | 150g/L | 11V | 0.8A/mm2 | 18℃ | 30min |
| Embodiment 2 | 170g/L | 12V | 0.9A/mm2 | 20℃ | 35min |
| Embodiment 3 | 200g/L | 13V | 1.0A/mm2 | 20℃ | 40min |
| Embodiment 4 | 200g/L | 13V | 1.0A/mm2 | 22℃ | 40min |
Next the aluminum component after anodic oxidation is carried out sensitization discoloration powder filling.By sensitization discoloration powder N-butyl-6-
Nitro spiro-pyrans is dispersed in water, by the way of immersion is adsorbed so that it is be filled in multiaperture pellumina layer.Sensitization discoloration
Material is 1:8-12 with the mass ratio of water, and soaking temperature is 50-70 DEG C, and soak time is 60-120s.Sensitization discoloration powder is filled
Experiment parameter as shown in table 2.
Table 2
After sensitization discoloration powder filling step terminates, the aluminum component of embodiment 1～4 presents different face indoor under ultraviolet light
Color, its surface is respectively provided with sensitization discoloration effect.
Next the aluminum component after filling sensitization discoloration powder dyes and sealing of hole.The aqueous solution using azo dye enters
Row dyeing, azo dye is 1:8-10 with the mass ratio of water, and dyeing temperature is 70-80 DEG C, and dyeing time is 30-500s.Sealing of hole
Using the aqueous solution without nickel hole sealing agent to carry out, the concentration of hole sealing agent is 8-10g/L, and sealing of hole temperature is 85-100 DEG C, the sealing of hole time
For 30-50 minute.The experiment parameter of dyeing and sealing of hole is as shown in table 3.
Table 3
After staining procedure terminates, the aluminium workpiece surface of embodiment 1～4 is the most uniformly painted, and presents azo dye in indoor
Color, present, under outdoor ultraviolet lighting, the color that sensitization discoloration material superposes with azo dye.After sealing of hole step terminates, use
Wet cloth wiping aluminium material surface is without dyestuff penetration.
As it is shown in figure 1, the sensitization discoloration aluminium alloy that embodiment 1～4 obtains includes being set in turn in Al alloy parts 1 surface
And sensitization discoloration layer 2, dye coating 3 and the confining bed 4 fitted each other；Wherein containing sensitization discoloration dyestuff in sensitization discoloration layer 2,
Containing azo dye in dye coating 3, containing with or without nickel hole sealing agent in confining bed 4.Wherein sensitization discoloration layer 2 and dye coating 3 are respectively positioned on
In multiaperture pellumina layer.
Embodiment 5
Select two heterocyclic vinyl compounds as sensitization discoloration material, its chemical formula shown in formula I, M1And M2It is 2-
Methylindole base, other experimental procedure is same as in Example 1, the sensitization discoloration aluminium alloy obtained have similar discoloration and
Layer structure, does not repeats them here.
Comparative example 1～12
The technique that aluminium workpiece surface processes, with embodiment 1, differs only in the condition difference that sensitization discoloration powder is filled, contrast
The experiment parameter that in example 1～12, sensitization discoloration powder is filled is as shown in table 4.
Table 4
As known from Table 4:
The sensitization discoloration material of comparative example 1～4 and the mass ratio of water not within the scope of this application, wherein comparative example 1 and 2
Sensitization discoloration material usage too high, the sensitization discoloration effect of aluminum component does not increase along with the increase of sensitization discoloration material usage
Greatly.The sensitization discoloration material usage of comparative example 3 and 4 is not enough, and aluminum component does not possess sufficient sensitization discoloration effect.
Not within the scope of this application, wherein the soaking temperature of comparative example 5 and 6 is relatively low for the soaking temperature of comparative example 5～8,
Aluminum component does not possess sufficient sensitization discoloration effect.The soaking temperature of comparative example 7 and 8 is higher, and sensitization discoloration material is the easiest
Decomposing, aluminum component does not the most possess sufficient sensitization discoloration effect.
Not within the scope of this application, wherein the soak time of comparative example 5 and 6 is shorter for the soak time of comparative example 9～12,
Sensitization discoloration material can not be well in the multiaperture pellumina layer of aluminium workpiece surface, and aluminum component does not possess sufficient sensitization discoloration effect
Really.The soak time of comparative example 10 and 11 is longer, and aluminum component sensitization discoloration effect increases inconspicuous, and consumes longer man-hour,
Also there is no need.
Comparative example 13～24
The technique that aluminium workpiece surface processes, with embodiment 1, differs only in the condition difference that azo dye is filled, comparative example 13
～the experiment parameter of azo dye filling is as shown in table 5 in 24.
Table 5
As known from Table 5:
The azo dye of comparative example 13～16 and the mass ratio of water not within the scope of this application, wherein comparative example 13 and 14
The Color of aluminum component does not increase along with the increase of azo dye consumption.The azo dye consumption of comparative example 15 and 16 is not
Foot, aluminum component does not possess sufficient Color.
Not within the scope of this application, wherein the soaking temperature of comparative example 17 and 18 is relatively for the soaking temperature of comparative example 17～20
Low, aluminum component does not possess sufficient Color.The soaking temperature of comparative example 19 and 20 is higher, azo dye at high temperature adhesive force
Reducing, aluminum component does not the most possess sufficient Color.
Not within the scope of this application, wherein the soak time of comparative example 21 and 22 is relatively for the soak time of comparative example 21～24
Short, azo dye can not be well in the multiaperture pellumina layer of aluminium workpiece surface, and aluminum component does not possess sufficient Color.Right
The soak time of ratio 23 and 24 is longer, and aluminum component Color increases inconspicuous, and consumes longer man-hour, and also not having must
Want.
Comparative example 5～7
The mass ratio that 7-9:1-3 pressed by sensitization discoloration material is mixed with acrylic resin, the surface of filling aluminum alloy material,
Other operating procedure is with embodiment 1, and in comparative example 5～7, the mass ratio of sensitization discoloration material and acrylic resin is as shown in table 6.
Table 6
It has been found that no matter which kind of mass ratio sensitization discoloration material mixes with acrylic resin, all cannot realize all
Even mixing, the mode using silk screen printing or immersion absorption is packed into aluminum alloy surface when, loss is relatively big, same with filling
Comparing etc. the embodiment of quality, aluminum component can not possess sensitization discoloration effect well.Reason is probably organic photo off-color material
Molecular weight is relatively big, there is, with macromolecule resin material, the effect of repelling each other.Therefore when realizing the scheme of the application, directly by photosensitive change
Color material and dyestuff are packed into aluminum alloy surface, it is not necessary to insert with other material mixing.
Although the application is open as above with preferred embodiment, but is not for limiting claim.Any this area skill
Art personnel, on the premise of conceiving without departing from the application, can make some possible variations and amendment, therefore the application
Protection domain should be defined in the range of standard with claim.
Claims (10)
1. the surface treatment method of an aluminium alloy, it is characterised in that described method at least comprises the following steps:
Step one, Al alloy parts is carried out anodic oxidation, enable aluminum alloy to surface of the work and generate multiaperture pellumina layer；
Step 2, the Al alloy parts after anodic oxidation is carried out sensitization discoloration material filling, make sensitization discoloration material be filled into
Enter in multiaperture pellumina layer；
Step 3, to sensitization discoloration material fill after Al alloy parts dye；And
Step 4, to dyeing after Al alloy parts carry out sealing of hole.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step one, described anodic oxidation uses sulphuric acid as electricity
Solving liquid, wherein sulfuric acid concentration is 150-200g/L；Described anodised voltage is 11-13V, and electric current density is 0.8-1.0A/
mm2, anodizing tank temperature is 18-22 DEG C, and anodizing time is 30-40min.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 2, described sensitization discoloration material is selected from two heterocycles
Ethylene compounds or spiro-pyrans compounds.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 2, by the way of silk screen printing, makes photosensitive change
Color material is filled in multiaperture pellumina layer, it is preferred to use 500-600 mesh silk screen.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 2, by the way of immersion is adsorbed, makes photosensitive change
Color material is filled in multiaperture pellumina layer, and the most described sensitization discoloration material is 1:8-12 with the mass ratio of water, soaks
Temperature is 50-70 DEG C, and soak time is 60-120s.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 3, uses the aqueous solution of azo dye to contaminate
Color.
Method the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that in step 3, described azo dye with the mass ratio of water is
1:8-10, dyeing temperature is 70-80 DEG C, and dyeing time is 30-500s.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 4, uses the aqueous solution without nickel hole sealing agent to carry out
Sealing of hole；Preferably, the concentration of described hole sealing agent is 8-10g/L, and sealing of hole temperature is 85-100 DEG C, and the sealing of hole time is 30-50 minute.
9. a sensitization discoloration Al alloy parts, it is characterised in that described Al alloy parts is by arbitrary in claim 1 to 8
The described method of item prepares.
Sensitization discoloration Al alloy parts the most according to claim 9, it is characterised in that described Al alloy parts includes depending on
Secondary it is arranged at aluminum alloy surface and sensitization discoloration layer, dye coating and the confining bed fitted each other；In wherein said sensitization discoloration layer
Containing sensitization discoloration dyestuff, containing azo dye in described dye coating, containing with or without nickel hole sealing agent in described confining bed.
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| CN106191957B (en) | 2019-01-04 |
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