CN106162855B - It communicates in conjunction with more D2D of subcarrier distribution and power control to resource allocation methods - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses more D2D of a kind of distribution of combination subcarrier and power control to communicate to resource allocation methods, it include: that the constraint conditions such as power limit are sent according to the limitation of network actual gain, the achievable rate limitation of phone user and D2D maximum, building turns to the optimization problem of target with D2D and honeycomb and spectrum efficiency maximum；Calculate optimum transmission power of the D2D communication to k on phone user's subcarrier m；Using cyclic search, filter out maximum and spectral efficiency values and its corresponding D2D communication to and sub-carrier resources multiplexed combinations；Judge that can sub-carrier resources meet phone user's QoS demand, D2D user's maximum sends the constraint conditions such as power threshold.The present invention is while guaranteeing network actual gain demand, phone user's QoS demand, interfering with each other between limitation phone user and D2D user, the sum frequency efficiency performance of entire hybrid network can be greatly promoted, and computational complexity is low, is suitable for multiple D2D communications to the hybrid network coexisted with multiple phone users.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, and particularly relates to a method for allocating resources for D2D communication by combining subcarrier allocation and power control.
Background
In recent years, with the development of wireless communication technology, emerging data-intensive services and services are continuously emerging, and the demand for higher data rates and spectrum resources makes the traditional cellular communication mode face a huge challenge. To address this problem, Device-to-Device (D2D) communication is introduced into cellular systems, and coexists with conventional cellular networks in a spectrum multiplexing manner to form a hybrid network. The D2D communication can enable two user equipments in close geographic locations to establish a D2D direct link with the assistance of a base station, and data can bypass the base station and be transmitted directly through the D2D link at high speed. By introducing D2D short-range communication, positive gains such as increased network throughput, reduced data transmission delay, improved cellular spectrum efficiency, etc. can be achieved. However, the D2D communication multiplexing the spectrum resource of the cellular user also causes interference, which affects the normal communication between the D2D and the cellular user and reduces the system performance. Therefore, a reasonable resource allocation method is needed to effectively reduce interference and maximize the gain of D2D communication to the network.
The existing D2D resource allocation method in the hybrid network mainly comprises the following steps: (1) D2D communication pair multiplexing fixed subcarrier resources; (2) one D2D communication pair multiplexes subcarrier resources of one cellular user; (3) the single D2D communication pair multiplexes the subcarrier resources of a plurality of cellular users, and the resource allocation is carried out by taking the maximization of network throughput and the maximization of spectrum efficiency as optimization targets.
However, the first method has the characteristics that the DD2D communication pair cannot be flexibly and dynamically allocated with resources, and the D2D high-frequency spectrum utilization rate cannot be effectively utilized; the second method has the disadvantage that in practical situations, the number of cellular users is often much larger than the number of D2D communication pairs, and only considering that the D2D communication pair multiplexes the subcarrier resources of one cellular user, the efficient utilization of the subcarrier resources of the cellular user cannot be realized, which causes the waste of cellular resources. The problem with the third approach is that the communication scenario of a single D2D communication pair does not satisfy the environment where multiple D2D communication pairs coexist in the actual scenario.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above defects or improvement needs in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for allocating resources for D2D communication in combination with subcarrier allocation and power control, and aims to solve the technical problems that the dynamic allocation of resources for D2D communication cannot be performed, efficient utilization of cellular subcarrier resources cannot be achieved, and the environment of coexistence of multiple D2D communication pairs in an actual communication scenario cannot be satisfied in the above prior art.
To achieve the above object, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a multi D2D communication pair resource allocation method combining subcarrier allocation and power control, comprising the steps of:
(1) acquiring subcarrier resources of a communication pair k multiplexing cellular user m in the D2D network, and constructing an optimization model with the aim of maximizing the sum spectrum efficiency of the D2D network and the cellular network by taking effective network gain limitation, reachable rate limitation of the cellular user and the maximum transmission power limitation of the D2D network as constraint conditions:
(2) obtaining the optimal transmitting power of a communication pair k in the D2D network on the subcarrier resources of a cellular user m according to the optimization model constructed in the step (1);
(3) acquiring sum spectral efficiency of a plurality of D2D networks and cellular networks according to the optimal transmitting power obtained in the step (2), selecting the maximum sum spectral efficiency value, and determining the corresponding communication pair k in the D2D network*And cellular user m*；
(4) Judging the communication pair k in the D2D network corresponding to the maximum spectrum efficiency value acquired in the step (3)*And cellular user m*Whether the preset constraint conditions are met or not is judged, if yes, the step (5) is carried out, and if not, the step (3) is carried out;
(5) allocating subcarrier resources for the D2D communication pairs k according to the communication pairs k in the D2D network and the cellular users m corresponding to the maximum and spectral efficiency values;
(6) judging whether the cellular network has the remaining subcarrier resources, if not, ending the process, and if so, allocating the remaining subcarrier resources:
(7) acquiring the optimal transmission power of the communication pairs in each D2D network on each subcarrier according to all the subcarrier resources allocated in the steps (5) and (6);
(8) and (4) acquiring the total spectrum efficiency of the D2D network and the cellular network according to the optimal transmission power obtained in the step (7).
Preferably, the above optimization model constructed in step (1) is represented by the following formula:
wherein k represents a communication pair sequence number in the D2D network, m represents a cellular user sequence number of a subcarrier resource multiplexed by the communication pair k, and s.t. represents a constraint symbol; the formula following the s.t. symbol is expressed as a constraint formula;D2D user spectrum efficiency generated after multiplexing the subcarrier resources m of cellular users for communication pairs k in a D2D network;the sum spectral efficiency of the D2D network and the cellular network;the frequency spectrum efficiency of the cellular user is generated after the subcarrier resource m of the cellular user is multiplexed for the communication pair k in the cellular network; the symbol max represents the maximum value symbol;network positive gain from multiplexing subcarrier resources of cellular user m for communication pair k in the D2D network;network negative gain brought by multiplexing the subcarrier resources of the cellular user m for k for communication in the D2D network;a minimum achievable rate threshold for cellular user m;is the maximum transmit power threshold for the communication pair in the D2D network.
Preferably, the D2D network communication pair k multiplexes the sub-carrier resource m of the cellular user to generate the D2D user spectrum efficiencyAnd cellular user spectrum efficiency generated after communication pair k multiplexes cellular user subcarrier resource m in cellular networkRespectively as follows:
whereinRespectively representing the gain of a link channel from a cellular user m to a base station, the gain of a link channel of a communication pair k in a D2D network, the gain of an interference link channel of a communication pair k receiving end in a cellular user m to D2D network, and a D2D networkChannel gain of an interference link from a k sending end to a base station is achieved through communication in a network;is white gaussian noise in the model;maximum transmit power for cellular user m;the transmission power of the communication pair k in the D2D network on the subcarrier resource of the cellular user m meets the following conditions:
wherein, subscript K is 1, 2.., K; subscript M ═ 1,2,. said, M; each communication pair in the D2D network consists of a D2D communication sender and a D2D communication receiver; k represents the total number of communication pairs in the D2D network; m represents the total number of users in the cellular network;
wherein,
whereinIs shown in satisfaction ofOn condition that the minimum transmit power of communication pair k in the D2D network can be achieved on the subcarrier resource of cellular user m, and
represents the maximum transmit power that can be achieved for communication pair k on the subcarrier resource of cellular user m in the D2D network under the constraint of satisfying C2 and C3.
Preferably, step (2) specifically adopts the formula:
wherein,
and has the following components:
indicating projection in the intervalA value of (d) above;
preferably, step (3) uses the following formula:
preferably, the constraints in step (3) are:
whereinFor communication pair k in D2D network*The transmission power that has been allocated;for communication pair k in D2D network*The transmit power to be allocated.
Preferably, step (5) comprises the sub-steps of:
(5-1) judging whether the subcarrier resources of the cellular user m are not distributed according to the communication pair k and the cellular user m in the D2D network corresponding to the maximum spectrum efficiency value, if so, switching to the step (5-2), otherwise, switching to the step (5-3).
(5-2) putting the subcarrier resources of the cellular user M into an effective allocation set of a communication pair k in the current D2D network, and deleting the subcarrier resources in candidate allocation sets of the other communication pairs except k in the D2D network to ensure that different D2D users multiplex different subcarrier resources, wherein the initial value of the candidate allocation set of the communication pairs in each D2D network is {1, 2.. multidata.., M }, and the initial value of the effective allocation set is an empty set;
(5-3) removing the subcarrier resources from the candidate allocation set for all communication pairs in the D2D network.
Preferably, the step (6) allocates the remaining sub-carrier resources according to the following formula:
wherein k ' and m ' respectively represent the communication pairs in the current D2D network and the cellular user serial numbers of the subcarrier resources multiplexed by the communication pairs k '; omega is the current available subcarrier resources;D2D network spectral efficiency after access to the cellular network for communication pair k' in the D2D network;cellular network spectrum efficiency after a cellular network is accessed to a communication pair k' in a D2D network;is the spectral efficiency of the cellular network when D2D communication is not accessed.
Preferably, step (7) is specifically:
first, the upper and lower values of the lagrange multiplier ν are determined:
wherein, vuThe value of the Lagrange multiplier v is upper bound; v islA lower bound for the value of the lagrange multiplier ν; max { x } represents the maximum of which; min { x } represents the minimum of which;an active allocation set for communication pair k in the D2D network;
secondly, finding the optimal value v of the Lagrange multiplier v by adopting a dichotomy method according to the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the Lagrange multiplier v*V. will be*Substituting into the following equation of one-dimensional and three-dimensional to obtain the optimal transmission powerSo that it satisfies the equation
Wherein,optimal transmit power on subcarrier resources of cellular user m for communication pair k in the D2D network, and satisfies:for projection in the intervalThe solution of (c).
Preferably, step (8) is performed using the following equation:
wherein,representing the overall spectral efficiency of the D2D network and the cellular network,representing communication pairs k and sets in a D2D networkThe sum spectral efficiency of all cellular users in the spectrum is expressed as:
wherein, pik,mBinary allocation factor, and pi, representing whether or not subcarrier resources of cellular user m are multiplexed by communication pair k in D2D networkk,m∈{0,1}；πk,m0 means that the subcarrier is not multiplexed by communication pair k; pik,m1 denotes that the subcarriers are multiplexed by communication pair k;representing the sum spectral efficiency of communication pair k and cellular user m in the D2D network.
In general, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution contemplated by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:
1. the method can solve the technical problem that the D2D communication cannot dynamically and flexibly allocate the subcarrier resources in the existing D2D resource allocation method: because the invention adopts the steps (3), (4), (5) and (6), the optimal cellular subcarrier is selected for different D2D communication pairs to multiplex according to the difference of the channel quality of the signal link and the interference link, and the problem of dynamically allocating resources for the D2D communication pair can be solved.
2. The method can solve the technical problem that the high-efficiency utilization of the cellular subcarrier resources cannot be realized in the existing D2D resource allocation method: because the steps (3), (4), (5), (6) and (7) are adopted in the invention, and subcarrier allocation and power control are combined, each D2D communication pair can simultaneously multiplex subcarriers of a plurality of cellular users, and optimal power is obtained on the corresponding subcarriers to inhibit interference, so that the technical problem of efficient utilization of cellular subcarrier resources can be solved.
3. The method can solve the technical problem that the existing D2D resource allocation method can not meet the coexistence environment of multiple D2D communication pairs in the actual communication scene: because the invention adopts the steps (1) and (2) to construct an optimization model and solve a mixed network scene in which a plurality of D2D communication pairs and a plurality of cellular users coexist, the environment in which a plurality of D2D communication pairs coexist in an actual scene can be met.
4. The method of the invention considers the situation that the introduced interference can offset the performance gain brought by the D2D communication to a certain extent when the D2D communication multiplexes cellular subcarrier resources, introduces the constraint condition of network effective gain limitation in the optimization model of the step (1), can exert the advantages of the D2D communication to the maximum extent, and improves the performance of the hybrid network.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a multi-D2D communication-to-resource allocation method combining subcarrier allocation and power control according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a multi-D2D communication pair hybrid network structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a graph of the spectral efficiency of cellular users and D2D communications versus different power limits and D2D communication distances of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a graph of the total spectral efficiency of the network of the present invention compared to three other schemes at different numbers of cellular users.
Fig. 5 is a graph of the total spectral efficiency of the network compared to the other three schemes under different D2D maximum power constraints.
Fig. 6 is a graph of the total spectral efficiency of the network compared to the other three schemes under different cellular user minimum rate limiting conditions.
Fig. 7 is a graph of the total spectral efficiency of the network of the present invention compared to three other schemes at different numbers of D2D communication pairs, where: scheme 1 is a resource allocation method for multiplexing only one cellular uplink subcarrier per D2D communication pair, and the D2D communication pair traverses each subcarrier to maximize the overall spectrum efficiency of the network. Scheme 2 is a resource allocation method that randomly allocates one cellular uplink subcarrier to each D2D communication pair and allocates D2D transmission power to maximize spectral efficiency. Scheme 3 is that only one D2D communication pair is authorized to multiplex multiple cellular uplink sub-carrier resources, maximizing the overall spectral efficiency of the network.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The invention is a resource allocation scheme combining subcarrier allocation and power control, the system noise is zero-mean additive white Gaussian noise with spectral density of-174 dBm/Hz, and the channel model considers a simple path loss model and rootAccording to the 3GPP standard, the cellular communication link is Ld(dB)＝128.1+37.6log10(d[km]) D2D communication link is Ld(dB)＝148+40log10(d[km])。
The invention provides a resource allocation method combining subcarrier allocation and power control. In order to improve spectral efficiency and avoid peer-to-peer interference among D2D users, the present invention allows the D2D communication pair to multiplex the spectral resources of multiple cellular users, and the spectral resources of each cellular user can only be shared by at most one D2D communication pair. When the D2D communication multiplexes cellular spectrum resources, the introduced cross-layer interference can offset the performance gain brought by the D2D communication to some extent. Therefore, the invention introduces the concepts of positive performance gain and negative performance gain, and can ensure the effective gain requirement of the hybrid network. Meanwhile, the invention ensures the QoS requirement of the cellular user, limits the maximum transmission power of D2D communication, and optimizes the spectrum efficiency of the whole hybrid network by allocating subcarriers for multi-D2D communication and optimizing power control on corresponding subcarriers. Compared with the traditional resource allocation method, the method is suitable for a mixed network with multiple D2D communication pairs and multiple cellular users, can ensure the normal communication quality of the cellular users, limits the interference between the cellular users and the D2D users, and maximally utilizes the cellular authorized spectrum resources so as to enhance the spectrum efficiency performance of the wireless network.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for allocating resources for multiple D2D communication combining subcarrier allocation and power control according to the present invention includes the following steps:
(1) acquiring subcarrier resources of a communication pair k multiplexing cellular user m in the D2D network, and constructing an optimization model with the aim of maximizing the sum spectrum efficiency of the D2D network and the cellular network by taking effective network gain limitation, reachable rate limitation of the cellular user and the maximum transmission power limitation of the D2D network as constraint conditions:
specifically, the above optimization model is constructed by the following formula:
wherein k represents a communication pair sequence number in the D2D network, m represents a cellular user sequence number of a subcarrier resource multiplexed by the communication pair k, and s.t. represents a constraint symbol; the formula following the s.t. symbol is expressed as a constraint formula;D2D user spectrum efficiency generated after multiplexing the subcarrier resources m of cellular users for communication pairs k in a D2D network;the sum spectral efficiency of the D2D network and the cellular network;the frequency spectrum efficiency of the cellular user is generated after the subcarrier resource m of the cellular user is multiplexed for the communication pair k in the cellular network; the symbol max represents the maximum value symbol;network positive gain from multiplexing subcarrier resources of cellular user m for communication pair k in the D2D network;multiplexing cellular use for communication pairs k in D2D networkNetwork negative gain brought by sub-carrier resources of the user m;a minimum achievable rate threshold for cellular user m;a maximum transmit power threshold for a communication pair in the D2D network;
wherein,
whereinRespectively representing the gain of a link channel from a cellular user m to a base station, the gain of a link channel from a communication pair k in a D2D network, the gain of an interference link channel from the communication pair k receiving end in the cellular user m to the D2D network and the gain of an interference link channel from the communication pair k transmitting end in the D2D network to the base station;is white gaussian noise in the model;maximum transmit power for cellular user m;the transmission power of the communication pair k in the D2D network on the subcarrier resource of the cellular user m meets the following conditions:
wherein, subscript K is 1, 2.., K; subscript M ═ 1,2,. said, M; each communication pair in the D2D network consists of a D2D communication sender and a D2D communication receiver; k represents the total number of communication pairs in the D2D network; m represents the total number of users in the cellular network;
wherein,
whereinIs shown in satisfaction ofOn condition that the minimum transmit power of communication pair k in the D2D network can be achieved on the subcarrier resource of cellular user m, and
represents the maximum transmit power that can be achieved for communication pair k on the subcarrier resource of cellular user m in the D2D network under the constraint of satisfying C2 and C3.
(2) Obtaining the optimal transmitting power of communication pairs k on the subcarrier resources of a cellular user m in the D2D network according to the optimization model constructed in the step (1)The step specifically adopts a formula:
wherein,
and has the following components:
indicating projection in the intervalA value of (d) above; if in the intervalIf there are two solutions, the better solution is selected.
(3) Obtaining the optimal transmitting power according to the step (2)Obtaining sum spectral efficiencies of a plurality of D2D networks and cellular networks, selecting a maximum sum spectral efficiency value from the sum spectral efficiency values, and determining a communication pair k in the D2D network corresponding to the maximum sum spectral efficiency value*And cellular user m*；
The following formula is specifically used in this step:
(4) judging the communication pair k in the D2D network corresponding to the maximum spectrum efficiency value acquired in the step (3)*And cellular user m*Whether the constraint condition is satisfied:
if yes, switching to the step (5), otherwise, returning to the step (3);
whereinFor communication pair k in D2D network*The transmission power that has been allocated;for communication pair k in D2D network*To be coveredThe allocated transmission power;
(5) allocating subcarrier resources for the D2D communication pairs k according to the communication pairs k in the D2D network and the cellular users m corresponding to the maximum and spectral efficiency values;
the method comprises the following substeps:
(5-1) judging whether the subcarrier resources of the cellular user m are not allocated according to the communication pair k and the cellular user m in the D2D network corresponding to the maximum spectrum efficiency value, if so, turning to the step (5-2), otherwise, turning to the step (5-3);
(5-2) putting the subcarrier resources of the cellular user M into an effective allocation set of a communication pair k in the current D2D network, and deleting the subcarrier resources in candidate allocation sets of the other communication pairs except k in the D2D network to ensure that different D2D users multiplex different subcarrier resources, wherein the initial value of the candidate allocation set of the communication pairs in each D2D network is {1, 2.. multidata.., M }, and the initial value of the effective allocation set is an empty set;
(5-3) removing the subcarrier resources from the candidate allocation set for all communication pairs in the D2D network.
(6) Judging whether the cellular network has the residual sub-carrier resources, if not, ending the process, if so, allocating the residual sub-carrier resources according to the following formula:
wherein k ' and m ' respectively represent the communication pairs in the current D2D network and the cellular user serial numbers of the subcarrier resources multiplexed by the communication pairs k '; omega is the current available subcarrier resources;D2D network spectral efficiency after access to the cellular network for communication pair k' in the D2D network;cellular network spectrum efficiency after a cellular network is accessed to a communication pair k' in a D2D network;is the spectral efficiency of the cellular network when D2D communication is not accessed; satisfying the above formula indicates that when the D2D communication pair k 'multiplexes the spectrum resources of the cellular user m', a positive spectrum efficiency gain can be brought to the network, and simultaneously, the network and the spectrum efficiency are maximized.
(7) Acquiring the optimal transmission power of the communication pairs in each D2D network on each subcarrier according to all the subcarrier resources already allocated in the steps (5) and (6), wherein the specific method is as follows:
first, the upper and lower values of the lagrange multiplier ν are determined:
wherein, vuThe value of the Lagrange multiplier v is upper bound; v islA lower bound for the value of the lagrange multiplier ν; max { x } represents the maximum of which; min { x } represents the minimum of which;an active allocation set for communication pair k in the D2D network;
secondly, finding the optimal value v of the Lagrange multiplier v by adopting a dichotomy method according to the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the Lagrange multiplier v*V. will be*Substituting into the following equation of one-dimensional and three-dimensional to obtain the optimal transmission powerSo that it satisfies the equation
Wherein,optimal transmit power on subcarrier resources of cellular user m for communication pair k in the D2D network, and satisfies:for projection in the intervalAn inner solution; if a plurality of solutions exist, a better solution is selected;
(8) acquiring the total spectrum efficiency of the D2D network and the cellular network according to the optimal transmission power obtained in the step (7):
wherein,representing the overall spectral efficiency of the D2D network and the cellular network,representing communication pairs k and sets in a D2D networkThe sum spectral efficiency of all cellular users in the spectrum is expressed as:
wherein, pik,mBinary allocation factor, and pi, representing whether or not subcarrier resources of cellular user m are multiplexed by communication pair k in D2D networkk,m∈{0,1}；πk,m0 means that the subcarrier is not multiplexed by communication pair k; pik,m1 denotes that the subcarriers are multiplexed by communication pair k;representing the sum spectral efficiency of communication pair k and cellular user m in the D2D network.
In the present embodiment, fig. 3 is a graph of cellular and D2D spectral efficiencies based on different power limits and D2D communication distances. As shown in fig. 3, in the method of the present embodiment, the increase of the D2D power can significantly improve the D2D communication spectrum efficiency, and the decrease of the D2D communication distance can effectively improve the overall spectrum efficiency of the entire hybrid network. Fig. 4 is a graph of the overall spectral efficiency of the network based on various schemes for different numbers of cellular users. As can be seen from fig. 4, the performance of the method of this embodiment is significantly better than that of other conventional schemes in terms of the improvement of the overall spectrum efficiency of the network, and as the number of cellular users increases, the performance gap is larger than that of other schemes. Fig. 5 is a graph of the total spectral efficiency of the network based on various schemes under different D2D maximum power constraints. Fig. 6 is a graph of the total spectral efficiency of the network based on various schemes under different cellular user minimum rate limiting conditions. As can be seen from fig. 5, the total spectral efficiency of the network does not increase infinitely as the power of D2D increases, but gradually reaches a relatively stable value. While figure 6 shows that as the minimum rate limit of cellular users increases, the overall spectral efficiency of the hybrid network decreases slightly. Fig. 7 is a graph of the overall spectral efficiency of the network based on various schemes at different D2D communication pair numbers. As can be seen from fig. 7, as the number of D2D communication pairs increases, the overall spectrum efficiency of the network increases almost linearly, which indicates that the method of the present embodiment is widely applicable to various mixed network scenarios of multiple D2D communication pairs, and the performance is generally higher than that of the other three conventional schemes.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the method in the hybrid network provided by the invention is suitable for the hybrid network in which multiple D2D communication pairs coexist with multiple cellular users, and can ensure the normal communication quality of the cellular users, limit the interference between the cellular users and the D2D users, and maximize the utilization of cellular authorized spectrum resources so as to enhance the spectrum efficiency performance of the wireless network by performing joint optimization on subcarrier allocation and power control.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for allocating resources for multiple D2D communication pairs in conjunction with subcarrier allocation and power control, comprising the steps of:
(1) acquiring subcarrier resources of a communication pair k multiplexing cellular user m in the D2D network, and constructing an optimization model with the aim of maximizing the sum spectrum efficiency of the D2D network and the cellular network by taking effective network gain limitation, reachable rate limitation of the cellular user and the maximum transmission power limitation of the D2D network as constraint conditions: the optimization model constructed in this step is expressed by the following formula:
wherein k represents a communication pair sequence number in the D2D network, m represents a cellular user sequence number of a subcarrier resource multiplexed by the communication pair k, and s.t. represents a constraint symbol; the formula following the s.t. symbol is expressed as a constraint formula;D2D user spectrum efficiency generated after multiplexing the subcarrier resources m of cellular users for communication pairs k in a D2D network;the sum spectral efficiency of the D2D network and the cellular network;the frequency spectrum efficiency of the cellular user is generated after the subcarrier resource m of the cellular user is multiplexed for the communication pair k in the cellular network; the symbol max represents the maximum value symbol;network positive gain from multiplexing subcarrier resources of cellular user m for communication pair k in the D2D network;network negative gain brought by multiplexing the subcarrier resources of the cellular user m for k for communication in the D2D network;a minimum achievable rate threshold for cellular user m;a maximum transmit power threshold for a communication pair in the D2D network;
D2D user spectral efficiency generated after communication in D2D network multiplexes k subcarrier resources m of cellular usersAnd cellular user spectrum efficiency generated after communication pair k multiplexes cellular user subcarrier resource m in cellular networkRespectively as follows:
whereinRespectively representing the gain of a link channel from a cellular user m to a base station, the gain of a link channel from a communication pair k in a D2D network, the gain of an interference link channel from the communication pair k receiving end in the cellular user m to the D2D network and the gain of an interference link channel from the communication pair k transmitting end in the D2D network to the base station;is white gaussian noise in the model;maximum transmit power for cellular user m;the transmission power of the communication pair k in the D2D network on the subcarrier resource of the cellular user m meets the following conditions:
wherein, subscript K is 1, 2.., K; subscript M ═ 1,2,. said, M; each communication pair in the D2D network consists of a D2D communication sender and a D2D communication receiver; k represents the total number of communication pairs in the D2D network; m represents the total number of users in the cellular network;
wherein,
whereinIs shown in satisfaction ofOn condition that the minimum transmit power of communication pair k in the D2D network can be achieved on the subcarrier resource of cellular user m, and
represents the maximum transmit power that can be achieved by the communication pair k in the D2D network on the subcarrier resource of the cellular user m under the constraint condition of satisfying the above C2 and C3;
(2) obtaining the optimal transmitting power of a communication pair k in the D2D network on the subcarrier resources of a cellular user m according to the optimization model constructed in the step (1);
(3) acquiring sum spectral efficiency of a plurality of D2D networks and cellular networks according to the optimal transmitting power obtained in the step (2), selecting the maximum sum spectral efficiency value, and determining the corresponding communication pair k in the D2D network*And cellular user m*；
(4) Judging the communication pair k in the D2D network corresponding to the maximum spectrum efficiency value acquired in the step (3)*And cellular user m*Whether the preset constraint conditions are met or not is judged, if yes, the step (5) is carried out, and if not, the step (3) is carried out; the preset constraint conditions are as follows:
whereinFor communication pair k in D2D network*The transmission power that has been allocated;for communication pair k in D2D network*A transmission power to be allocated;
(5) allocating subcarrier resources for the D2D communication pairs k according to the communication pairs k in the D2D network and the cellular users m corresponding to the maximum and spectral efficiency values;
(6) judging whether the cellular network has the remaining subcarrier resources, if not, ending the process, and if so, allocating the remaining subcarrier resources:
(7) acquiring the optimal transmission power of the communication pairs in each D2D network on each subcarrier according to all the subcarrier resources allocated in the steps (5) and (6);
(8) and (4) acquiring the total spectrum efficiency of the D2D network and the cellular network according to the optimal transmission power obtained in the step (7).
2. The method for allocating resources for multiple D2D communication according to claim 1, wherein the step (2) is implemented by using the following formula:
wherein,
and has the following components:
indicating projection in the intervalThe value of (c) above.
3. The method for allocating resources for multiple D2D communication according to claim 2, wherein the step (3) uses the following formula:
4. the multi-D2D communication pair resource allocation method according to claim 3, wherein the step (5) comprises the sub-steps of:
(5-1) judging whether the subcarrier resources of the cellular user m are not allocated according to the communication pair k and the cellular user m in the D2D network corresponding to the maximum spectrum efficiency value, if so, turning to the step (5-2), otherwise, turning to the step (5-3);
(5-2) putting the subcarrier resources of the cellular user M into an effective allocation set of a communication pair k in the current D2D network, and deleting the subcarrier resources in candidate allocation sets of the other communication pairs except k in the D2D network to ensure that different D2D users multiplex different subcarrier resources, wherein the initial value of the candidate allocation set of the communication pairs in each D2D network is {1, 2.. multidata.., M }, and the initial value of the effective allocation set is an empty set;
(5-3) removing the subcarrier resources from the candidate allocation set for all communication pairs in the D2D network.
5. The multi-D2D communication pair resource allocation method according to claim 4, wherein the step (6) is to allocate the remaining sub-carrier resources according to the following formula:
wherein k ' and m ' respectively represent the communication pairs in the current D2D network and the cellular user serial numbers of the subcarrier resources multiplexed by the communication pairs k '; omega is the current available subcarrier resources;D2D network spectral efficiency after access to the cellular network for communication pair k' in the D2D network;cellular network spectrum efficiency after a cellular network is accessed to a communication pair k' in a D2D network;is the spectral efficiency of the cellular network when D2D communication is not accessed.
6. The method for allocating resources for multiple D2D communication according to claim 5, wherein the step (7) is specifically:
first, the upper and lower values of the lagrange multiplier ν are determined:
wherein, vuThe value of the Lagrange multiplier v is upper bound; v islA lower bound for the value of the lagrange multiplier ν; max { x } represents the maximum of which; min { x } represents the minimum of which;an active allocation set for communication pair k in the D2D network;
secondly, finding out the upper limit and the lower limit of the Vv according to the Lagrange multiplier by adopting a dichotomy methodOptimum value v to lagrange multiplier v*V. will be*Substituting into the following equation of one-dimensional and three-dimensional to obtain the optimal transmission powerSo that it satisfies the equation
Wherein,optimal transmit power on subcarrier resources of cellular user m for communication pair k in the D2D network, and satisfies:for projection in the intervalThe solution of (c).
7. The method for allocating resources for multiple D2D communication according to claim 6, wherein the step (8) is to use the following formula:
wherein,representing the overall spectral efficiency of the D2D network and the cellular network,in D2D-representation networksCommunication pairs k and setsThe sum spectral efficiency of all cellular users in the spectrum is expressed as:
wherein, pik,mBinary allocation factor, and pi, representing whether or not subcarrier resources of cellular user m are multiplexed by communication pair k in D2D networkk,m∈{0,1}；πk,m0 means that the subcarrier is not multiplexed by communication pair k; pik,m1 denotes that the subcarriers are multiplexed by communication pair k;representing the sum spectral efficiency of communication pair k and cellular user m in the D2D network.
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