CN106160850B - A kind of optical channel monitoring device - Google Patents
A kind of optical channel monitoring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106160850B CN106160850B CN201510173475.5A CN201510173475A CN106160850B CN 106160850 B CN106160850 B CN 106160850B CN 201510173475 A CN201510173475 A CN 201510173475A CN 106160850 B CN106160850 B CN 106160850B
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- beam splitter
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of optical channel monitoring device, include tunable filter, beam splitter based on single-chamber etalon, it is characterized in that, the drop two port of each beam splitter is connected to a photodiode for being equipped with preposition WDM optical filters, the etalon is solid etalon temperature controlled, the optical signal of input first passes through the tunable filter, again after the beam splitter light splitting through 1 × N power, inject photodiode, the photodiode converts optical signals to electric signal, is exported from respective pin to data processing section and is analyzed and handled.Tunable optic filter realizes that difficulty is small, effectively reduces cost；And temperature tuning range relative narrower, reduce the maximum operating temperature of element core；The bandwidth through waveform of tunable optic filter can be made to want narrower relative to the tunable optic filter of other diaphragm types using etalon design, more have and utilize the signal-to-noise ratio measurement sensitivity and wavelength, power test precision that OCM is provided.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a detection device in an optical transmission system, and more particularly, to an optical channel monitoring device for use in a DWDM optical transmission system.
Background
The 21 st century is a multimedia era and the demand for information volume has increased rapidly, which has led to the full use of 10 Gbit/S-based wavelength division multiplexing. Long haul backbone networks are evolving in a direction to provide Tbit/s (1000 Gbit/s) information capacity with a single optical fiber. 40Gbit/S systems are also in large commercial use. Formally, because of the mass capacity of the optical fiber, once the optical fiber is broken, the loss is huge, the damage of the optical cable in China is serious, the large loss is caused by the breakage of the submarine optical cable in China and America in 2001 for a plurality of times, the service quality is important for communication companies, and whether the service quality can be guaranteed or not is related to whether the companies can win customers or not. DWDM systems need to monitor more parameters than conventional optical communication systems, and this time the parameter varies with wavelength. The main parameters of interest are: 1. channel optical power: the optical power of each channel is accurately measured so that it is known whether each channel in the system is operating properly and whether the amplification bandwidth of the EDFA employed in the system covers each channel. 2. Center wavelength of channel: in DWDM, channel wavelength variations will affect adjacent channels. Therefore, the center wavelength of each channel must be accurately measured to determine whether the wavelength shift of the light source is acceptable. 3. Signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR): is one of the most important parameters in DWDM systems and reflects the overall performance of the channel.
These properties can be measured by the OSA at system construction and the system configuration adjusted based on the results. However, since various emergencies may occur during real-time operation and ultimately affect the transmission performance of the system, a low-cost and multifunctional channel monitoring solution capable of monitoring optical signals of the network in real time becomes more important.
Optical paths for photoelectric detection are designed in many ways, including those based on grating technology and those based on TOD technology, but there are some limitations, for example, the bandwidth of a filter of the TOD is not narrow enough, the range of detectable wavelengths is not wide enough, which is generally C band or L band, and C + L band is not covered at the same time. The present invention can make up for these deficiencies.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an optical channel monitoring device, which is used for monitoring an optical channel of a dense wavelength division multiplexing transmission system, and is characterized in that the optical channel monitoring device of a thermally tunable filter based on a single-cavity etalon is adopted to scan the channel, and a special algorithm is adopted to restore the signal to monitor the channel power, the central wavelength and the signal-to-noise ratio of an optical signal in real time, so that the monitoring function is achieved.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: the utility model provides an optical channel monitoring devices, includes tunable filter, the beam splitting component based on single chamber etalon, its characterized in that, the beam splitting mouth of every beam splitting component all connects a photodiode that is equipped with leading WDM light filter, the etalon is the solid etalon by temperature control, and the optical signal of input passes through earlier tunable filter, after the beam splitting of the beam splitting component of 1 XN power, shoots into photodiode, photodiode converts optical signal into the signal of telecommunication, exports to data processing part from respective pin and carries out analysis and processing.
Preferably, the thermal tuning mode of the tunable filter is through a thin film resistance heater, or a resistance sheet heater, or a semiconductor cooling sheet.
Further, the cavity material of the etalon is silicon.
Preferably, the etalon is formed by a parallel flat plate having reflective films on both sides.
Preferably, the passband width of the WDM filter is smaller than the free spectral range of the etalon; the passbands of two bandpass WDM filters adjacent in wavelength need to have an overlap of at least one channel spacing.
Preferably, the light splitting element is one or more of a light splitting plate, a polarization light splitting prism or a depolarization light splitting prism.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the tunable filter has small realization difficulty and effectively reduces the cost; the temperature tuning range is relatively narrow, and the highest working temperature of the core part of the element is reduced; the etalon design can make the bandwidth of the transmission waveform of the tunable filter narrower compared with other thin film type tunable filters, and is more beneficial to providing the signal-to-noise ratio test sensitivity and the wavelength and power test precision of the OCM.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the optical path of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a light path diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a light path diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a light path diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a transmission waveform of a tunable filter based on a single cavity etalon;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the design requirements of a bandpass filter;
reference numerals: 1. an adjustable filter; 2. a light-splitting element; 3. a WDM optical filter; 4. a photodiode; 101. a single fiber collimator.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The schematic block diagram of the present invention is shown in fig. 1. An optical channel monitor is composed of a tunable filter based on single-cavity etalon, light splitting elements, a photodiode with front WDM filter, and a solid etalon controlled by temp. The input optical signal firstly passes through the adjustable filter, then is split by the optical splitting element with 1 XN power and then enters the photodiode, and the photodiode converts the optical signal into an electric signal and outputs the electric signal to the data processing part from respective pins for analysis and processing.
The tunable filter is tuned by temperature, so that the center wavelength of the filter is moved under certain current drive, and the moving range is within a free spectral range (hereinafter, referred to as FSR). The FSR of the etalon is small compared to the wavelength range to be monitored so that without a subsequent optical path, several channels of light may be transmitted through the filter simultaneously during scanning. The FSR design of the etalon is larger than the passband width of the WDM optical filter, so that each photodiode only receives light of one channel at the same time; and the pass bands of the WDM filters of adjacent wavelengths overlap each other. The channel power, the central wavelength and the signal-to-noise ratio of the optical signal are monitored in real time by carrying out special algorithm processing on the signal received by the photodiode to carry out signal reduction, so that the monitoring function is achieved.
The light splitting element can be one or more light splitting sheets, a polarization light splitting prism or a depolarization light splitting prism. The effect is the same. The embodiment of the invention is further illustrated by taking a light splitter as an example.
Embodiment one, as shown in fig. 2. Input light passes through the single optical fiber collimator 101 and hits the thermal tuning tunable filter 1 based on the single-cavity etalon, and then passes through a light path with a light splitting energy ratio close to that of the light splitting sheet 2 after passing through the tunable filter 1, light with certain energy after light splitting enters the photodiodes 4 respectively provided with the WDM filter sheets 3 in front, and the photodiodes 4 can convert optical signals into electric signals and output the electric signals through respective pins (pins).
The second embodiment is shown in fig. 3, and the third embodiment is shown in fig. 4. The difference from the first embodiment is that the angles and the sizes of the light splitting sheets are different, so that the light paths are different. The effect is equivalent.
The light path volume can be small by using the scheme in the embodiment of the invention. The method can also be realized by using a cascade of discrete components, including a tunable filter of a single-cavity etalon, a 1 XN beam splitter and N pigtailed output photodiodes with WDM filters, which are cascaded by optical fibers, and the structure diagram of the cascade method is similar to that of FIG. 1. The advantage of the cascading scheme is high device availability; based on the reflective structure of the dual-fiber collimator, the transmission bandwidth of the TOF can be narrower, and the performance of the OCM is more favorable.
The etalon is composed of a parallel flat sheet with reflecting films on two sides, the transmission performance of the etalon is related to the thickness and the reflectivity of the etalon, the transmission waveform (or secondary transmission) of the etalon is the waveform of a tunable filter which is generally used by people, the etalon is required to be designed according to requirements, the theoretical basis is a formula (1), wherein F is fineness, delta is optical path difference, n is material refractive index, l is etalon cavity length, theta is an incident angle, and lambda is laser wavelength.
Wherein,(formula 1)
The tuning performance of an etalon is related to its thermo-optic coefficient, generally, silicon (silicon) with a large thermo-optic coefficient must be selected as a cavity material of the etalon, and according to the material characteristics, the measured thermal coefficient is about 10 GHz/deg.c, and the etalon used in the present invention is usually designed to have an FSR of about 1000GHz and a waveform bandwidth of less than 30G, as shown in fig. 5, so as to meet the application requirements of OCM.
If it is required to realize that each channel is monitored in a long-wave band range, the design of the WDM filter of the invention must at least meet the following two conditions: the passband width of the WDM filter is smaller than the free spectral range of the etalon; the passbands of two bandpass WDM filters adjacent in wavelength need to have an overlap of at least one channel spacing. This ensures that only light in one passband is present on each photodiode and all channels are monitored. This design may result in the transmitted wavelengths being scanned across each PD not sequentially from short to long but may be processed by the OCM algorithm.
The thermal tuning mode of the tunable filter is realized by a thin film resistance heater, a resistance sheet heater or a semiconductor refrigerating sheet.
While the invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. An optical channel monitoring device comprises a tunable filter based on a single-cavity etalon and light splitting elements, and is characterized in that a light splitting port of each light splitting element is connected with a photodiode provided with a front WDM optical filter, the etalon is a solid etalon controlled by temperature, an input optical signal firstly passes through the tunable filter, then is split by the light splitting elements with power of 1 xN and then enters the photodiode, and the photodiode converts the optical signal into an electrical signal and outputs the electrical signal from respective pins to a data processing part for analysis and processing; the passband width of the WDM filter is smaller than the free spectral range of the etalon; the passbands of two bandpass WDM filters adjacent in wavelength need to have an overlap of at least one channel spacing.
2. An optical channel monitoring device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tunable filter is thermally tuned by a thin film resistive heater, a resistive chip heater, or a semiconductor cooling chip.
3. The optical channel monitoring device of claim 2 wherein the cavity material of the etalon is silicon.
4. An optical channel monitoring device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the etalon is formed by a parallel planar sheet having reflective films on both sides.
5. The optical channel monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein the beam splitter is one or more of a beam splitter, a polarization beam splitter prism, and a depolarization beam splitter prism.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510173475.5A CN106160850B (en) | 2015-04-14 | 2015-04-14 | A kind of optical channel monitoring device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510173475.5A CN106160850B (en) | 2015-04-14 | 2015-04-14 | A kind of optical channel monitoring device |
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| CN106160850A CN106160850A (en) | 2016-11-23 |
| CN106160850B true CN106160850B (en) | 2018-11-13 |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101710178A (en) * | 2009-12-04 | 2010-05-19 | 中国海洋大学 | Real-time calibration high spectral resolution lidar device |
| CN101819275A (en) * | 2010-04-20 | 2010-09-01 | 中国海洋大学 | Doppler laser radar device for measuring multiple meterological parameters |
| CN203615950U (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-05-28 | 湖北工业大学 | Fiber Bragg grating demodulation system based on liquid crystal F-P cavity tunable filtering technology |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8565602B2 (en) * | 2009-03-23 | 2013-10-22 | Infinera Corporation | Wavelength and power monitor for WDM systems |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101710178A (en) * | 2009-12-04 | 2010-05-19 | 中国海洋大学 | Real-time calibration high spectral resolution lidar device |
| CN101819275A (en) * | 2010-04-20 | 2010-09-01 | 中国海洋大学 | Doppler laser radar device for measuring multiple meterological parameters |
| CN203615950U (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-05-28 | 湖北工业大学 | Fiber Bragg grating demodulation system based on liquid crystal F-P cavity tunable filtering technology |
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