CN106134983B - A kind of breeding method of glossy type cucumber female series - Google Patents
A kind of breeding method of glossy type cucumber female series Download PDFInfo
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- CN106134983B CN106134983B CN201610596371.XA CN201610596371A CN106134983B CN 106134983 B CN106134983 B CN 106134983B CN 201610596371 A CN201610596371 A CN 201610596371A CN 106134983 B CN106134983 B CN 106134983B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of breeding method of glossy type cucumber female series.This method is hybridized using glossy type Cucumber Germplasm and female series Cucumber Germplasm, obtains the generation 1；Then it is returned using glossy type Cucumber Germplasm as recurrent parent, obtains first backcross generation seed, be i.e. the generation 2；In from generation to generation 3, male sisters are lured to hand over the glossy character of progress and the polymerization of female character to select and remain kind using a point garden method selection.Then through luring male selfing, point observation garden and selective nursery carry out glossy female strain after purification, then are selfed and produce through 23 generations.The present invention is in from generation to generation 3, male sisters are lured to hand over using a point garden method selection, not only effectively solve glossy character and female character polymerization seed selection and the contradiction reserved seed for planting, and be early effectively kept more excellent genes from generation to generation, be easy to the excellent self-mating system of later stage selection Comprehensive Traits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to breeding method technical field, more particularly to a kind of breeding method of glossy type cucumber female series.
Background technology
Cucumber is one of important vegetable crop of China, and its yield and the output value occupy the forefront of vegetable crop.It is yellow at present
Melon has realized annually cultivating, and the stable market supply to vegetables plays an important role.The good quality and high output of cucumber is the important mesh of breeding
Mark.The glossy degree of the Appearance Quality Traits of cucumber such as color of the leather is to determine the important character of cucumber situation of selling well degree, and female character is shadow
Ring the important composition character of cucumber high yield potential.Traditional cucumber variety, is influenceed by h and E, fruit surface covering wax
Powder, intensely dark pool, influence its sale.In recent years using the glossy degree that fruit is added after white seed pumpkin grafting, but greatly
The big planting cost for adding cucumber.The hereditary capacity improved the breed be solve the above problems it is basic, polymerization advantage character be
Solves the fundamental means of the problem.
Research in terms of cucumber seed selection at present has glossy type seed selection and female series seed selection, but be a lack of effective glossy type+
The breeding method of female series.Because China will take into account high yield and height without glossy North-China Type female germ plasm resource, cucumber in itself
Effect, it is necessary to be aggregated to the glossy two kinds of advantage characters of female character and pericarp together.After glossy character and the polymerization of female character,
The glossy female plants of fruit can occur in offspring, but not have male flower on female plant, seed selection and the contradiction reserved seed for planting be present, and be difficult often
Reserved seed for planting, cause seed selection to fail, at the same it is narrow if early also resulting in hereditary basis for selfing.Therefore the shortage of breeding method
The seed selection of glossy type female series Cucumber Germplasm is constrained, and then is difficult to formulate the excellent glossy type female series cucumber kind of Comprehensive Traits
Matter.
The content of the invention
In order to solve to be difficult to reserve seed for planting after current glossy character and the polymerization of female character, generation selfing early causes hereditary basis narrow
The problem of narrow, the invention provides a kind of breeding method of glossy type cucumber female series.This method is in from generation to generation 3, using dividing garden
Method selection lures male sisters to hand over, and not only effectively solves glossy character and female character polymerization seed selection and the contradiction reserved seed for planting, and
It is early to be effectively kept more excellent genes from generation to generation, and then effectively formulate glossy type female series new germ plasm.
The technical scheme is that：A kind of breeding method of glossy type cucumber female series, it is characterized in that,
(1) generation 1-2：Hybridized using glossy type Cucumber Germplasm (monoecism) and female series Cucumber Germplasm, obtain a generation
Seed F1, then it is returned using glossy type Cucumber Germplasm as recurrent parent, obtains two generation seed BC1；
(2) generation 3：
A. two generation seeds are divided to two garden plantations, and two garden intermission seeding field planting, interval time is 7 days；First sow in the first garden
Do not handle, the second garden carries out luring male processing between the heart stage of 1 leaf 1；
B. pistillate plants in the first garden are selected to mark, being stained with flower processing with CPPU solution on the day of the first female flower opens promotes
Fruit quickly expands and (typically grown to 8-12cm), then the glossy character of sugar-preserved gourd is selected, when fruit melon starts place to occur
It is glossy, i.e., labeled as selected glossy female plants；Development sugar-preserved gourd is removed in time after selected, promotes the hair of top female flower
Educate, be easy to pollinate；
C. in the second garden, the following all female flowers of 10 sections are selected, 11-17, which is saved, continuous 3-6 sections male flower occurs, more than 18 sections complete
Portion be female flower (in practice, 11-12 sections may be female flower and/or male flower, and 13 sections are male flower, for example 12-16 is saved and male flower occurred,
11 sections and 17 sections are above is female flower) plant progress listing mark, whole female flowers below continuous male flower are destroyed after mark is good, are promoted
The top male flower Rapid development of plant；
D. male flower opens on the plant after the processing selected in the second garden, is carried out with the female glossy plant in the first garden
Hybridization pollination, and listing mark；
E. when plant top female flower development is marked into commodity melon in the second garden, judge whether its pericarp is glossy, if glossy,
According to listing mark, retain corresponding pollination melon in the first garden, be selected in the glossy type strain of female；
(3) generation 4：The female glossy type strain that previous generation is selected in is planted respectively, carries out luring male processing in the heart stage of 1 leaf 1；Choosing
The individual plant for selecting all female flowers below 10 sections is selfed, and continues the selection of glossy sugar-preserved gourd in commodity melon picking time, glossy
The selected glossy strain of female of individual plant；
(4) generation 5：The female glossy type strain that previous generation is selected in, carries out a point garden and plants, sow simultaneously；First garden is sight
Cha Pu, the second garden are selective nursery, and the second garden carries out luring male processing in the heart stage of 1 leaf 1；Glossy female plant ratio in the first garden is observed, oil
The strain that bright female plant ratio is 100% retains, and identical strain is reserved seed for planting in corresponding second garden；
(5) generation 6-9：The female glossy strain that previous generation is selected in, be selfed after luring male handle, select offspring disease resistance and
Sit the good plant of melon situation；Repeat said process to continue to be selfed 2-3 generations, produce.
Preferably, step (1) is miscellaneous using glossy type cenospecies Tianjin excellent 358 (monoecism) and North-China Type female series MC2065
Hand over.
Preferably, the male processing is lured to be：Sprayed at 2 times (intervals 1 day) with 800ppm gibberellin.
Preferably, the concentration that CPPU is stained with CPPU solution in flower processing is 10-15ppm.
Preferably, the generation 3 is typically selected in 15-20 strain, typically selected 10 or so (8-12) strains of generation 4-5
System.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
(1) initial stage is that recurrent parent is returned using glossy pericarp germplasm, adds the glossy gene of fruit and goes out in offspring
Existing frequency.
(2) in from generation to generation 3, lure male sisters to hand over using a point garden method selection, not only effectively solve glossy character and female
Character polymerization seed selection and the contradiction reserved seed for planting, and more excellent genes are early effectively kept from generation to generation, it is easy to later stage selection synthesis
The excellent self-mating system of character.Early stage of fruit development can early stage quick discriminating commodity fruit the glossy situation of development according to melon simultaneously
Glossy character.
(3) present invention the obtained female heterozygous strain (Ff) of backcrossing separated after point garden sisters hand over female gene (FF, Ff,
Ff), be selfed a generation separation female individuals (homozygous female plant, heterozygosis female plant and monoecism), be then selfed two generation point garden select, point
Separate out female series (by observing garden, selecting homozygous female system FF, reserved seed for planting luring hero garden of reserving seed for planting).The selection of glossy character with
This is similar, obtains pure glossy type cucumber female series.
(4) later stage observes garden and garden method of reserving seed for planting to the Selection utilization of homozygous female character and glossy character, can be quickly pure
Female gene and glossy character are closed, improves seed selection efficiency.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the breeding schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is that the strain of the present invention 4 → generation of generation 5 → from generation to generation 6 selects schematic diagram.
Embodiment
In order to be better understood from the present invention, further illustrated with reference to specific embodiment.
Embodiment：Glossy type female new germ plasm YLC2010 seed selection
MC2065 is the North-China Type female series of vegetable or flower research institute of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences seed selection.This is that growing way is strong,
Gynoecy, resists cold and heat-resisting ability is strong, and parthenocarpy ability is strong, and coordinate force is excellent, and Productive Potential is big.Weak point is fruit
Low in glossiness.Tianjin excellent 358 (market sale kind), outstanding feature are that sugar-preserved gourd color of the leather is glossy, and shortcoming is monoecism, and high yield is latent
Power is poor.Using the present invention, by above-mentioned two material use hybridization → backcrossing → selfing means, sugar-preserved gourd color of the leather oil is successfully formulated out
It is bright, gynoecy, the big new germ plasm YLC2010 of Productive Potential.Schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 1.
Specific method is as follows：
1st, the generation 1：It is father from the glossy type cucumber hybrid Tianjin excellent 358 (monoecism) of the excellent fruit of Comprehensive Traits
This, the North-China Type female series MC2065 of Agriculture in Shandong Province Ke Yuan vegetable or flowers research institute seed selection is female parent, while sows field planting.Treat
Pollination period, the female flower normal, open in the morning is developed from Section 10 on MC2065 or so；Male parent is opened with same that morning
More male flowers are hybridized after mixing powder, obtain F1,40 days or so seed maturities after pollination.
2nd, the generation 2：From the seed of 1 harvest from generation to generation, 50 sowings are taken at random, obtain 50 individual plants as female parent, it is excellent with Tianjin
It is male parent that 358 kinds, which are planted 20 plants, is returned, and obtains BC1, and mixing, which is collected seed, to be ensured at least to harvest 1000 seeds.
3rd, the generation 3：
(1) it is divided to the 2 BC1 seeds obtained from generation to generation to two garden plantations, kind is taken at random per garden, each 500 plants of plantation.Two gardens are entered
Row intermission seeding is colonized, and seedling raise period was at intervals of 7 days.First garden is first sowed, and seedling stage is without luring male processing；Broadcast behind second garden
Kind, in the heart stage of 1 leaf 1, the mode that 2 times (intervals 1 day) are sprayed with 800ppm gibberellin carries out luring hero；
(2) pistillate plants in the first garden are selected to mark, the first female flower opens the CPPU solution (0.1% for using 10ppm on the same day
CPPU decoction 10ml add water 1L dilute) start to be stained with colored processing, fruit Rapid development to 10cm or so to the glossy character of sugar-preserved gourd
Selected, be：When fruit melon place started to occur it is glossy, i.e., labeled as selected glossy pistillate plants.After selected and
When will development sugar-preserved gourd remove, promote the female Floral development in top, promote flower synchronization, be easy to reserve seed for planting；
In (3) second gardens, the following all female flowers of 10 sections are selected, 11-17, which is saved, continuous 3-6 sections male flower occurs, more than 18 sections
The plant of (for example 11 sections are female flowers, and male flower, 17 section all of the above female flowers occur in 12-16 sections) of all female flowers carries out listed mark
Note.After mark is good, female flower whole below continuous male flower (retaining female flower more than continuous male flower) is destroyed, promotes the male flower of plant
Rapid development；
(4) male flower opens on the plant after the processing selected in the second garden, enters with the female glossy plant in the first garden
Row hybridization pollination, and listing mark；
(5) when plant top female flower development is marked into commodity melon in the second garden, judge whether its pericarp is glossy.It is if oily
It is bright, according to listing mark, retain melon of being pollinated in the first garden (i.e. using the pollination melon of corresponding glossy male flower pollination in the second garden), no
Glossy eliminate.Typically to be selected in 15-20 strain and (select the good glossy pistillate plants of 15-20 Comprehensive Traits
Seed is carried out in next step).
4th, the generation 4：The female glossy type strain that previous generation is selected in, each strain takes 50 sowings at random, in the heart stage of 1 leaf 1
2 times (intervals 1 day) are sprayed with 800ppm gibberellin to carry out luring male processing.The individual plant of the following all female flowers of the section of selection 10 (is eliminated
The following hermaphrodite individual of 10 sections) it is selfed, continue the selection of glossy sugar-preserved gourd, glossy list in commodity melon picking time
Strain enters to elect as the glossy strain of female.Typically it is selected in 10 or so strains.As shown in Fig. 2 15-20 strain being selected in the generation 3,
10 or so strains are stayed according to the glossy evaluation of female again, the good individual plant of Comprehensive Traits leaves in each strain, finally leaves 10
Individual or so single-strain seed, in next step.
5th, the generation 5：Each strain that previous generation is selected in, all carry out a point garden and plant, sow simultaneously.50 are taken at random per garden
Sowing.First garden is observation garden, and the second garden is selective nursery.Second garden carries out 800ppm gibberellin in the heart of 1 leaf 1 and handles 2 times (intervals
1 day) hero is lured, glossy female plant ratio in the first garden is observed, the strain that glossy female plant ratio is 100% retains, corresponding second garden
In identical strain reserved seed for planting.The glossy strain of general selected 10 or so females is (as shown in Fig. 2 10 left sides being selected in the generation 4
Right strain, according to " glossy female plant ratio is 100% ", then stays 10 or so strains, and the good list of Comprehensive Traits is selected in each strain
Strain leaves, and finally leaves 10 or so single-strain seeds, in next step).
6th, the generation 6：The female glossy strain that previous generation is selected in, carried out between the heart stage of 1 leaf 1 800ppm gibberellin spray 2 times (
Every 1 day) male processing is lured, the resistance of focal selection plant and seat melon, yielding ability after selfing.
7th, generation 7-8：Repeat 6 processes from generation to generation to continue to be selfed for 2 generations, produce glossy type female new germ plasm YLC2010.
Using the glossy type female series new varieties DL205 that glossy type female new germ plasm YLC2010 is parent's incubation in Yinan
In the cultivation demonstration of facility early spring, more than 50,000 jin, sugar-preserved gourd pericarp is glossy for per mu yield, and commodity protrudes, and is in great demand, well received.
Embodiment 2
On this basis, using other glossy type cucumber varieties, such as Tianjin winter 658 is male parent, institute of Agriculture in Shandong Province section
The North-China Type female series MC2065 of vegetable or flower research institute seed selection is female parent, and breeding is carried out using method similarly to Example 1,
The kind that seed selection obtains, it may have high yield and the glossy characteristic of sugar-preserved gourd pericarp.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of breeding method of glossy type cucumber female series, it is characterized in that,
（1）Generation 1-2：Hybridized using glossy type cenospecies Tianjin excellent 358 and North-China Type female series MC2065, obtain generation seed
F1, it is then that recurrent parent is returned with glossy type cenospecies Tianjin excellent 358, obtains two generation seed BC1；
（2）From generation to generation 3：
A. two generation seeds are divided to two garden plantations, and two garden intermission seeding field planting, interval time is 7 days；First garden, which is first sowed, not to be located
Reason, the second garden carries out luring male processing between the heart stage of 1 leaf 1；
B. select pistillate plants in the first garden to mark, the CPPU solution that the same day is 10-15ppm with concentration is opened in the first female flower
Being stained with flower processing promotes fruit quickly to expand, and then the glossy character of sugar-preserved gourd is selected, when fruit melon place started to occur it is glossy,
I.e. labeled as selected glossy female plants；Development sugar-preserved gourd is removed in time after selected, promotes the female Floral development in top, is easy to
Pollination；
C. in the second garden, the following all female flowers of 10 sections are selected, continuous 3-6 sections male flower occur in 11-17 sections, and 18 section all of the above are
Whole female flowers below continuous male flower are destroyed after the mark of female flower is good, promote the top male flower Rapid development of plant；
D. male flower opens on the plant after the processing selected in the second garden, is hybridized with the female glossy plant in the first garden
Pollination, and listing mark；
E. when plant top female flower development is marked into commodity melon in the second garden, judge whether its pericarp is glossy, if glossy, according to
Listing mark, retain corresponding pollination melon in the first garden, be selected in the glossy type strain of female；
（3）From generation to generation 4：The female glossy type strain that previous generation is selected in is planted respectively, carries out luring male processing in the heart stage of 1 leaf 1；Selection 10
The individual plant of the following all female flowers of section is selfed, and continues the selection of glossy sugar-preserved gourd, glossy list in commodity melon picking time
The selected glossy strain of female of strain；
（4）From generation to generation 5：The female glossy type strain that previous generation is selected in, carries out a point garden and plants, sow simultaneously；First garden is observation garden,
Second garden is selective nursery, and the second garden carries out luring male processing in the heart stage of 1 leaf 1；Observe glossy female plant ratio, glossy female plant in the first garden
The strain that ratio is 100% retains, and identical strain is reserved seed for planting in corresponding second garden；
（5）Generation 6-9：The female glossy strain that previous generation is selected in, it is selfed after luring male handle, selects the disease resistance of offspring and sit melon
The good plant of situation；Repeat said process to continue to be selfed 2-3 generations, produce；
It is described to lure the male processing to be：Sprayed 2 times, be spaced 1 day with 800ppm gibberellin.
2. a kind of breeding method of glossy type cucumber female series as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the generation 3 is selected
15-20 strain, 4, from generation to generation 5 are selected in 8-12 strain respectively from generation to generation.
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| CN109207574B (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2021-07-20 | 山东省农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Cucumber female SNP molecular marker and application thereof |
| CN110278840B (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2021-04-23 | 山东省农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Secondary seed reproduction method for cucumbers |
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| CN101861827B (en) * | 2010-01-12 | 2012-05-23 | 南京农业大学 | Cultivation and application of all-female processing type cucumber Youjia all-female 09 |
| CN103004583B (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2014-02-12 | 山东省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 | Rapid purification method for cucumber female flower lines |
| CN103120120A (en) * | 2013-03-20 | 2013-05-29 | 山东省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 | Method for breeding cold-resistant all-female north China cucumber |
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