CN106074362A - 角鲨胺的眼用制剂 - Google Patents
角鲨胺的眼用制剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106074362A CN106074362A CN201610553185.8A CN201610553185A CN106074362A CN 106074362 A CN106074362 A CN 106074362A CN 201610553185 A CN201610553185 A CN 201610553185A CN 106074362 A CN106074362 A CN 106074362A
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- squalamine
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Abstract
本发明涉及用于治疗眼病的角鲨胺或其药学可接受的盐的眼用制剂,所述的眼病例如湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性(湿性AMD)、脉络膜新血管生成、视网膜病、干性年龄相关性黄斑变性(干性AMD)、多息肉状脉络膜血管病、眼部手术后新生血管形成、黄斑水肿、视网膜静脉闭塞、脉络膜下新血管生成、视网膜上皮脱离、翼状胬肉或视网膜色素上皮的黄斑中心凹的地理萎缩。
Description
本申请是申请日为2011年8月16日、申请号为201180047840.8(PCT/US2011/047920)、发明名称为“角鲨胺的眼用制剂”的中国专利申请的分案申请。
相关申请的交叉参考
本申请从技术上涉及美国专利US 5,192,756(1993年3月9日颁布)、美国专利US6,962,909(2005年11月8日颁布)和美国专利US 7,981,876(2011年7月19日颁布),将这些文献各自的内容完整地引入参考。
技术领域
本发明涉及用于治疗眼病的角鲨胺或其药学可接受的盐的眼用制剂,所述的眼病例如湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性(湿性AMD)、脉络膜新血管生成、视网膜病、干性年龄相关性黄斑变性(干性AMD)、多息肉状脉络膜血管病、眼部手术后新生血管形成、黄斑水肿、视网膜静脉闭塞、脉络膜下新血管生成、视网膜上皮脱离、翼状胬肉(pterygum)或视网膜色素上皮的黄斑中心凹的地理萎缩(foveal geographic atrophy)。
背景技术
年龄相关性黄斑变性(AMD)在美国是52岁或更年长人中中心视力不可逆转地丧失的主要原因并且在美国、加拿大、英国和澳大利亚是失明的最常见的主要原因。AMD包括几种类型的在受侵害的个体黄斑中发生的异常。黄斑变性以两种形式存在:干性(也称作萎缩性)和湿性(也称作盘状、渗出性、视网膜下新血管或脉络膜新血管)。干性形式可以是湿性形式的前体,因黄斑色素上皮不能除去视网膜产生的废物而产生。湿性形式在视网膜下、特别是黄斑下新血管生长时发生。
角鲨胺(IUPAC名称:([6-[(3S,5R,7R,10S,13R,14S)-3-[3-(4-氨基丁基氨基)丙基氨基]-7-羟基-10,13-二甲基-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-十四氢-1H-环戊[a]菲-17-基]-2-甲基庚-3-基]硫酸氢盐)是展示出抗生成血管特性的氨基固醇,其已经用作有效治疗湿性AMD的静脉内输注液,其中它起预防表征疾病发展的视网膜内新生血管形成和异常血管形成的作用(Sills Jr.等人“Squalamine Inhibits Angiogenesis andSolid Tumor Growth in Vivo Perturbs Embyronic Vasculature”,Jul.1,1998,Cancer Research,58,2784-2792;Higgins等人“Squalamine Improves RetinalNeovascularization”,May 2000,Investigative Ophthalmology&Visual Science,vol.41,No.6,pp.1507-1512.;PRNEWSWIRE,“Genaera Reports Squalamine Continues toImprove Vision at Four Months Timepoint in Age-Related Macular Degeneration”,2003年10月7日,http://www.eyesightnews.com/topic/28.html.)。角鲨胺是Zasloff等人的美国专利US 5,192,756的主题,将该文献的公开内容完整地引入本文参考。角鲨胺的完整化学合成描述在美国专利US 6,262,283和US 6,610,866中,将这些文献完整地引入本文参考。
从患者应用和风险观点来看,与静脉内输注或尤其是需要每个月直接注入眼的目前监护标准相反,显然期望拥有可直接施用于眼的可利用的局部制剂。与更侵入性技术相比,例如溶液、混悬液、乳膏剂或软膏剂的形式的局部制剂易于由患者自我给药,所述的侵入性技术例如静脉内输注,其需要昂贵的医学监督下的给药且可能导致严重的并发症,例如眼内炎和视网膜脱离。然而,使用眼药水的一般性问题在于它们给药后,典型地,滴眼液中少于5%的药物透入角膜和达到眼内组织。而大部分的给药剂量因溶液流出和全身吸收而消除(Jarvinen K.等人“Ocular absorption following topical delivery”,Adv.DrugDeliv.Rev.1995;16(1):3-19。另外参见Conroy C.W.,“Sulfonamides do not reach theretina in therapeutic amounts after topical application to the cornea”,Ocul.Pharmacol.Ther.1997;13(5):465-472和Maurice D.M.,“Drug delivery to theposterior segment from drops”,Surv.Ophthalmol.2002;47(增刊1):S41-S52)。
此外,测试角鲨胺在通过IV输注治疗AMD中的效力的在先临床试验揭示出长期应用的潜在问题。使用药代动力学分析认为IV制剂中的静脉内给药方案是最适度以下的且因各种原因而没有商业化基础的可行性。一个原因在于40mg剂量角鲨胺在人体受试者中的血浆半衰期短导致脉络膜中的浓度不足以在4-6天后阻断脉络膜新血管生成(CNV)。当加大给药间隔至每个月"维持"输注时,仅可能达到1周的CNV抑制,然后是3周或更久的活动性新血管发生。这种方案在首次4-5周给药后产生了视敏度的良好增长,然后在第5周后改善速率下降。静脉内给药导致局部输注部位反应(给药的数量级高于局部制剂中所用的数量级)。在"真实世界"的情况中,预期具有湿性AMD的中老年患者能够基于每周临床就诊而延长输注是不切实际的。大部分视网膜眼科业务也无法为这种静脉内输注设置。
与上述所示的与静脉内给药相关的缺点相比,本发明代表了安全和无刺激性局部给药用眼用制剂的发现,其能够实现治疗剂选择性递送至眼后部以治疗障碍。
发明内容
本发明的一个方面在于用于局部眼应用的组合物,其包含角鲨胺或其药学可接受的盐、一种或多种粘膜粘着剂和一种或多种渗透促进剂。
在本发明的另一个方面中,该组合物还包含至少一种增粘剂、张度调节剂、抗微生物性防腐剂、缓冲剂、表面活性剂、稳定剂、增溶剂和再悬浮剂。
本发明的另一个方面在于用于预防和/或治疗眼病的方法,包含对有此需要的哺乳动物眼例如人眼局部给予治疗有效量的角鲨胺或其药学可接受的盐。
在一个典型的实施方案中,所述眼病选自湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性(湿性AMD)、脉络膜新血管生成、视网膜病或干性年龄相关性黄斑变性(干性AMD)和视网膜色素上皮的黄斑中心凹的地理萎缩。
在一个典型的实施方案中,角鲨胺作为双乳酸盐存在。
在一个典型的实施方案中,该组合物还包含至少一种非离子张度调节剂、盐、防腐剂、缓冲剂、表面活性剂、增溶剂和稳定剂。
在一个典型的实施方案中,通过局部给予该组合物。
在一个典型的实施方案中,所述组合物是滴眼剂、凝胶剂、洗剂、乳膏剂、软膏剂的形式,被掺入洗脱眼用构象异构体的药物,易蚀性眼植入物、近巩膜植入物、泪道支架、泪囊支架、泪管支架(lacrimal stent)、离子透入眼递送系统或眼用喷雾递药装置。
本发明的一个方面在于将治疗有效量的角鲨胺或其药理可接受的盐递送至哺乳动物眼的巩膜后的方法,通过给予组合物来进行,该组合物包含:角鲨胺或其药学可接受的盐;一种或多种粘膜粘着剂;和一种或多种渗透促进剂,而在房水或玻璃体液中伴随产生的组合物浓度可忽略不计。
在一个典型的实施方案中,所述粘膜粘着剂选自卡波普980、羟丙基甲基纤维素,聚维酮K-30和聚乙烯醇。
在一个典型的实施方案中,所述渗透促进剂选自n-十二烷基-β-D-麦芽糖苷、月桂氮卓酮和甘油单月桂酸酯和PGML(聚乙二醇单月桂酸酯)。
在一个典型的实施方案中,所述眼病是湿性AMD。
在一个典型的实施方案中,双乳酸角鲨胺的存在量为0.005-5.0重量百分比。
在一个典型的实施方案中,非离子张度调节剂的存在量足以产生约50-350毫渗摩尔/千克的张度。
在一个典型的实施方案中,盐的存在量足以接近人泪液的盐浓度和/或张度。
在一个典型的实施方案中,盐的存在量为0.3%-1%重量百分比。
在一个典型的实施方案中,防腐剂的存在量足以产生微生物屏障,以维持或减小微生物浓度约12小时-约72小时的期限。
附图说明
附图仅是本发明范围的示例性实施方案且不意欲其他方式限定本发明的范围。
图1显示角鲨胺破坏人血管内皮细胞(HUVEC)导管形成。
发明详述
在一个典型的实施方案中,本发明的眼用制剂包含角鲨胺或其药学可接受的盐、粘膜粘着剂和渗透促进剂。该制剂还可以任选地包括、但不限于至少一种(a)张度调节剂;(b)抗微生物性防腐剂;(c)缓冲剂;(d)表面活性剂;(e)稳定剂;(f)增溶剂或再悬浮剂;(g)另外的粘膜粘着剂;和(h)另外的渗透促进剂。
认为本发明的局部制剂靶向眼后部。为了使局部制剂有利地靶向眼后部,它应具有能够以足够浓度达到眼的巩膜后的特性。理想地,该制剂应具有在角膜上提高的停留时间而不会在扩散至眼后部(例如从巩膜前到巩膜后)前被眼泪清洗掉。因为药物分子可能例如通过使其混浊对眼晶状体产生不良影响,药物分子不应以任意明显的程度通过眼前部进入眼球和进入眼球内的房水和玻璃体液。本发明的制剂具有有效地递送药物分子例如角鲨胺或其药学可接受的盐所需的期望的和独特的特征,所述的药物分子施用于眼前部至眼后部,其中药物分子的治疗浓度是治疗所靶向的障碍所需的。在给药至眼表面上后,组合物进入结膜和巩膜前和进入角膜层。认为所述粘膜粘着剂增加角膜中的停留时间,使得药物可以随时间缓慢扩散至巩膜后,导致将角鲨胺或其药学可接受的盐的持续浓度递送在巩膜后。所述粘膜粘着剂通过减缓药物(例如通过因流泪和泪液更新从鼻泪(nasolachryimal)导管流出)的缺失而实现这一目的。所述粘膜粘着剂还典型地具有粘度增强特性,其可以产生期望的舒适或润滑作用。任选地加入到制剂中的所述渗透促进剂促进制剂透入角膜上皮层,从而进一步提高角鲨胺或其药学可接受的盐在眼内的停留时间。稳定剂可以起抗氧化剂的作用,或以其他方式减缓角鲨胺制剂的化学降解。缓冲剂缓冲制剂至舒适的近中性pH,其与眼部给药相容。制剂中的张度调节剂产生适合的眼用制剂的重量摩尔渗透压浓度。
得到的制剂是稳定的且在灭菌后可以包装、贮存和直接使用。在一个典型的实施方案中,制剂是滴剂形式,按照这种方式典型地用于施用滴眼液。正常的挤压型液体滴剂施用装置优选适用于施用本发明的眼用制剂。在一个典型的实施方案中,通过将制剂滴加入使用者受侵害的眼便利地给予制剂。
本发明包含防腐剂的制剂尤其有利地应用于多剂量容器。本文所用的多剂量容器是指允许应用在该容器内存在的制剂两种或多种单独的应用的容器。这种容器是可再密封的-即容器帽可在首次施用时取下,然后在容器上再次放置该帽,由此再次提供基本上不透性的液体密封。在一个典型的实施方案中,抗微生物性防腐剂的存在量足以减少微生物浓度约12小时-约72小时、例如约12小时-约48小时、例如约12小时-约24小时的期限。
在一个典型的实施方案中,将不含防腐剂的那些制剂包装在单位剂量容器内-即其中指定容器仅可以提供单剂量。一旦消费者开始打破容器密封,则这种不含防腐剂的组合物发生不受控制的微生物生长。因此,指示消费者在首次剂量后处理容器。适合的单位剂量系统例如吹瓶-罐装-封口(blow-fill-seal)单位剂量不含防腐剂的包装系统典型地应用于不含防腐剂的制剂。
可以用常规的眼科相容性媒介物配制用于局部眼部给予角鲨胺或其盐的药物组合物,例如乳膏剂、软膏剂、混悬剂、洗剂、粉末、溶液、糊剂、凝胶、喷雾剂、气雾剂或油剂。
本文所用的术语"黄斑变性"意欲包括所有形式的黄斑变性且包括通常影响任一只眼或两只眼的尤其是发生在中老年人中的中心视觉逐步丧失。黄斑变性的缓慢进展形式通常是指干性形式,其标志尤其是黄色沉积物蓄积在黄斑内和黄斑薄层。黄斑变性的快速进展形式通常是指湿性形式,其标志在于出血产生的瘢痕形成和从黄斑下形成的新血管中的流体渗漏。黄斑变性可以作为湿性形式或干性形式存在。
本文所用的“治疗有效量”是完全或部分抑制疾病进展或至少部分缓解该疾病的一种或多种症状的活性剂(例如角鲨胺)用量。治疗有效量还可以是预防有效的用量。治疗有效的量将依赖于患者的大小和性别、所治疗的疾病、该病的严重性和寻求的效果。就指定患者而言,治疗有效量可以通过本领域技术人员已知的方法测定。角鲨胺或其药学可接受的盐的浓度典型地约为0.005-约5.0重量百分比,例如约0.010-约4.0重量百分比,例如约0.020-约3.0重量百分比,例如约0.030-约2.0重量百分比,例如约0.050-约1.0重量百分比。
在一个典型的实施方案中,角鲨胺是双乳酸盐的形式。在一个典型的实施方案中,角鲨胺双乳酸盐的使用浓度约为0.1-约0.3%w/v,例如约0.1-0.2%w/v。
任选地,本发明的制剂包含张度调节剂。在一个典型的实施方案中,张度调节剂是非离子的。张度调节剂可以选自、但不限于甘露糖醇、山梨醇、葡萄糖、蔗糖、脲、甘油、聚乙二醇及其任意的混合物。在一个典型的实施方案中,张度调节剂的存在量足以产生约50-约350毫渗摩尔/千克(mOsmol/kg)、例如约65-约325mOsmol/kg、例如约80-约310mOsmol/kg,例如约95-约295mOsmol/kg、例如约110-约280mOsmol/kg、例如约125-约265mOsmol/kg、例如约140-约250mOsmol/kg、例如约155-约235mOsmol/kg、例如约170-约220mOsmol/kg,例如约185-约205mOsmol/kg的张度。
制剂还可以包含离子盐,其选自、但不限于碱金属卤化物(例如NaCl、KCl、NaBr等),其用量约为0.3%-约1%重量百分比或足以接近人泪液的盐浓度和/或张度。从该组中所选择的盐还可以称作离子张度调节剂。
如果本发明的制剂中使用防腐剂,则抗微生物剂的量足以产生微生物屏障,以维持或减小微生物浓度约12小时-约72小时、例如约12小时-约48小时、例如约12小时-约24小时的期限。防腐剂包括、但不限于苯扎氯铵、苄醇、三氯叔丁醇、十六烷基三甲铵、对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、对羟苯甲酸丙酯、聚氨基丙基双胍、苯乙醇、氯己定、二葡糖酸氯己定、chloroquat、稳定的氧氯(oxychloro)复合物或其任意的组合。
本发明制剂中可以使用的缓冲剂包括、但不限于由钠、钾碳酸氢盐、磷酸盐、醋酸盐、柠檬酸盐、硼酸盐和/或磷酸、醋酸、柠檬酸或硼酸制备的缓冲剂。在一个典型的实施方案中,缓冲剂是磷酸二氢钠或磷酸二钠或硼酸/硼酸钠。本发明的缓冲剂的存在量应足以产生和维持产品的pH约为5.5-约8.0,例如约5.7-约7.7,例如约6.0-约7.4,例如约6.3-约7.1,例如约6.6-约6.8,且包括约5.7、约5.9、约6.1、约6.3、约6.5、约6.7、约6.9、约7.1、约7.3、约7.5、约7.7或约7.9的pH。
还可以向本发明的制剂中加入表面活性剂。在一个典型的实施方案中,表面活性剂的存在浓度约为0.001%-约0.3%,例如约0.005%-约0.2%,例如约0.01%-约0.1%,例如约0.05%-约0.1%,以对制剂提供增强的湿润特征。表面活性剂可以包括、但不限于伯洛沙姆、聚山梨醇酯80、聚山梨醇酯20、泰洛沙泊、聚氧乙烯、Brij 35、Brij 58、Brij 78、Aptet 100、G 1045、Spans 20、40和85、Tweens 20、40、80或81、月桂酰肌氨酸钠、月桂酰-L-谷氨酸三乙醇胺、肉豆蔻基肌氨酸钠和十二烷基硫酸钠、聚氧乙烯山梨醇酐脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯氢化蓖麻油、聚乙二醇脂肪酸酯(例如聚氧乙烯硬脂酸酯(polyoxylstearate))、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯烷基醚、聚氧亚烷基烷基苯基醚、聚甘油脂肪酸酯(例如十甘油基单月桂酸酯)、甘油脂肪酸酯、山梨糖醇酐脂肪酸酯和聚氧乙烯聚氧亚丙基二醇(伯洛沙姆)、十甘油基单月桂酸酯、聚氧乙烯硬脂酸酯40和聚氧乙烯氢化蓖麻油或其任意的组合。
还可以向本发明的制剂至加入稳定剂。适合的稳定剂包括、但不限于焦亚硫酸氢钠、硫酸氢钠、乙酰半胱氨酸、抗坏血酸、硫代硫酸钠、α生育酚、肌肽、棕榈酸视黄酯、乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)盐(例如乙二胺四乙酸二钠、四钠、钙或钙钠盐)或其任意的组合。
所述制剂中存在的所述粘膜粘着剂增加角膜接触时间、提高生物利用度和/或产生润滑效果且包括、但不限于丙烯酸聚合物、甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、聚合物(例如674、676、690、980NF、ETD-2691、ETD 2623、EZ-2、EZ-3、EZ-4、Aqua 30和NovethixTM L-10)、羟丙基纤维素、聚乙烯醇、醋酸邻苯二甲酸纤维素、藻酸盐(酯)、明胶、硫酸软骨素钠或其任意的组合。
所述制剂中存在的所述渗透促进剂包括、但不限于月桂氮卓酮(氮酮)、胆汁酸及其碱金属盐,包括鹅脱氧胆酸、胆酸、牛磺胆酸、牛磺脱氧胆酸、牛熊脱氧胆酸或熊脱氧胆酸、甘胆酸盐、n-十二烷基-β-D-麦芽糖苷、蔗糖十二酸酯、辛基麦芽糖苷、癸基麦芽糖苷、十三烷基麦芽糖苷、十四烷基麦芽糖苷、六亚甲基月桂酰胺、环六亚甲基辛酰胺、甘油单月桂酸酯、PGML(聚乙二醇单月桂酸酯)、二甲亚砜、甲基磺酰基甲烷、夫西地酸钠、皂苷或其任意的组合。
此外,还可以向本发明的制剂中加入增溶剂或再悬浮剂。适合的增溶剂或再悬浮剂包括、但不限于环糊精(CDs),例如羟丙基γ-CD磺基丁基醚4β-CD和羟丙基β-CDPolysorbate 80或透明质酸或透明质酸盐。环糊精特别还可以显示渗透增强特性。
角鲨胺的药学可接受的盐包括、但不限于酸加成盐,例如乙酸盐、己二酸盐、苯甲酸盐、苯磺酸盐、柠檬酸盐、樟脑酸盐、癸酸盐、十二烷基硫酸盐、庚酸盐、盐酸盐、氢溴酸盐、乳酸盐、马来酸盐、甲磺酸盐、硝酸盐、油酸盐、草酸盐、棕榈酸盐、磷酸盐、新戊酸酸、丙酸盐、琥珀酸盐、硫酸盐、酒石酸盐、甲苯-对-磺酸盐;和十一酸盐;和碱盐,例如铵盐;碱金属盐,例如钠和钾盐;碱土金属盐,例如钙和镁盐;与有机碱形成的盐,例如二环己基胺盐;和与氨基酸例如精氨酸形成的盐。
欲包括角鲨胺的一-和二-盐作为用于本发明制剂的适合的盐。作为实例,可以包括角鲨胺的一乳酸盐和双乳酸盐。
在一个具体的实施方案中,盐是双乳酸盐。角鲨胺的双乳酸盐以无定形形式或晶型的形式存在。在本发明的一个典型的实施方案中,双乳酸盐的晶型作为溶剂合物存在。在另一个典型的实施方案中,该晶型是水合物,在另一个实施方案中,双乳酸盐作为溶剂合物和水合物存在。双乳酸角鲨胺的晶型可以作为溶剂合物存在,其中溶剂分子掺入晶体结构内部。作为实例,当溶剂包含乙醇时,晶体可以包含乙醇分子。在另一个实施方案中,溶剂合物可以包含水且晶体可以是在晶体结构中包含水的水合物。在另一个实施方案中,晶体可以是溶剂合物和水合物。双乳酸角鲨胺的不同晶型的讨论可以在美国专利US7,981,876中找到,将该文献完整地引入参考。
就本领域技术人员已知的可以用于本文所述眼用制剂的典型载体、稳定剂和佐剂的示例性清单而言,参见Gennaro()Remington:The Science and Practice of Pharmacy,Mack Publishing,第21版。
可以在治疗过程自始至终以一个剂量、多个剂量连续或间歇地实现体内给予包含角鲨胺的本发明组合物。最有效的给药剂量的测定方法是本领域技术人员众所周知的且可以根据用于疗法的组合物、疗法的目的和所治疗的受试者的不同而改变。单一或多次给药可以以治疗医生所选择的剂量水平和模式进行。
在一个具体的实施方案中,溶液的pH约为7.0-约7.5。在一个典型的实施方案中,该溶液优选是低渗溶液。在一个具体的实施方案中,pH约为7.2-约7.4。
在不同的典型实施方案中,本发明的局部制剂包括、但不限于软膏剂、凝胶、乳膏剂或滴眼液。
各种具体和非限制性制剂如下所列:双乳酸角鲨胺+n-十二烷基-β-D-麦芽糖苷+聚维酮K-30+磷酸盐缓冲剂;
双乳酸角鲨胺+n-十二烷基-β-D-麦芽糖苷+3-羟丙基-β-环糊精+聚维酮K-30+磷酸盐缓冲剂;
双乳酸角鲨胺+n-十二烷基-β-D-麦芽糖苷+卡波普980+硼酸盐缓冲剂;
双乳酸角鲨胺+n-十二烷基-β-D-麦芽糖苷+卡波普980+磷酸盐缓冲剂;
各种具体和非限制性制剂如下实施例中所述。这些制剂仅示例所述的发明,而不意欲限定所述发明的范围。
具体实施方案
实施例1
制剂A
该制剂包含0.2%作为活性药物的双乳酸角鲨胺、67mM作为缓冲剂的NaH2PO4+Na2HPO4(0.9%)、作为张度调节剂的NaCl(~0.4%)、作为螯合剂/稳定剂的乙二胺四乙酸二钠(0.01%)、作为防腐剂的苯扎氯铵(0.005%)和足量的注射用水或纯水USP。
制剂A如下制备:50mL纯水放入250mL带搅棒的有刻度的玻璃量杯;将2.688g七水合磷酸钠加入至量杯中和搅拌至溶解;将1.24g一水合磷酸二氢钠加入至量杯中和搅拌至溶解;将0.400g氯化钠加入至量杯中和搅拌至溶解;将0.005g苯扎氯铵加入至量杯中和搅拌至苯扎氯铵溶解;将0.01g EDTA二钠加入至量杯中和搅拌至EDTA二钠溶解;将0.200g双乳酸角鲨胺加入至量杯中和搅拌至溶解;将约40mL无菌纯水加入至量杯中;使用2N NaOH和1N HCl(如果必要)将pH调整至7.2;体积是注射用水或纯水USP的足量。
实施例2
制剂B
该制剂包含0.2%作为活性药物的双乳酸角鲨胺、67mM作为缓冲剂的NaH2PO4+Na2HPO4(0.9%)、作为张度调节剂的NaCl(~0.4%)、作为螯合剂/稳定剂的乙二胺四乙酸二钠(0.01%)、作为粘膜粘着剂的卡波普980NF(0.5%)和足量的注射用水或纯水USP。
制剂B如下制备:将50mL纯水放入250mL带搅棒的有刻度的玻璃量杯;将2.688g七水合磷酸钠加入至量杯中和搅拌至溶解;将1.24g一水合磷酸二氢钠加入至量杯中和搅拌至溶解;将0.400g氯化钠加入至量杯中和搅拌至溶解;将0.01gEDTA二钠加入至量杯中和搅拌至溶解;将0.200g双乳酸角鲨胺加入至量杯中和搅拌至溶解;将0.500g卡波普980NF加入至量杯中和搅拌至溶解;将约40mL无菌纯水加入至量杯中;使用2N NaOH和1N HCl(如果必要)将pH调整至7.2;使体积达到100mL;和使用应用0.22微米滤膜(filter)的无菌过滤装置过滤该溶液。
实施例3
制剂C
该制剂包含0.2%作为活性药物的双乳酸角鲨胺、67mM作为缓冲剂的NaH2PO4+Na2HPO4(0.9%)、作为张度调节剂的甘露糖醇(~0.8%)、作为螯合剂/稳定剂的乙二胺四乙酸二钠(0.01%)、作为粘膜粘着剂的卡波普980NF(0.5%)、作为渗透促进剂的n-十二烷基-β-D-麦芽糖苷(0.05-0.1%)、作为防腐剂的苯扎氯铵(0.005%)和足量的注射用水或纯水USP。
制剂C如下制备:将50mL纯水放入250mL带搅棒的有刻度的玻璃量杯;将2.688g七水合磷酸钠加入至量杯中和搅拌至溶解;将1.24g一水合磷酸二氢钠加入至量杯中和搅拌至溶解;将0.800g甘露糖醇加入至量杯中和搅拌至溶解;将0.005g苯扎氯铵加入至量杯中和搅拌至溶解;将0.01g EDTA二钠加入至量杯中和搅拌至溶解;将0.500g卡波普980NF加入至量杯中和搅拌至溶解;将0.200g双乳酸角鲨胺加入至量杯中和搅拌至溶解;将0.05g n-十二烷基-β-D-麦芽糖苷加入至量杯中和搅拌至溶解;将约40mL无菌纯水加入至量杯中;使用2N NaOH和1N HCl(如果必要)将pH调整至7.2;使体积达到100mL;和使用应用0.22微米滤膜的无菌过滤装置过滤该溶液。
实施例4
制剂D
该制剂包含0.1%作为活性药物的双乳酸角鲨胺、作为缓冲剂的50mM NaH2PO4+Na2HPO4(0.9%)、作为张度调节剂的NaCl(~0.9%)、作为螯合剂/稳定剂的乙二胺四乙酸二钠(0.01%)、作为粘膜粘着剂的羟丙基-甲基纤维素、作为渗透促进剂的鹅去氧胆酸(0.005%)、作为防腐剂的苯扎氯铵(0.005%)和足量的注射用水或纯水USP。按照与上述制剂类似的方式制备该制剂。
实施例5
制剂E
该制剂包含0.2%作为活性药物的双乳酸角鲨胺、作为缓冲剂的67mM NaH2PO4+Na2HPO4(0.9%)、作为张度调节剂的NaCl(~0.4%)、作为螯合剂/稳定剂的乙二胺四乙酸二钠(0.01%)、作为粘膜粘着剂的羟丙基-甲基纤维素和足量的注射用水或纯水USP。
按照与上述制剂类似的方式制备该制剂。
实施例6
制剂F
该制剂包含0.1%作为活性药物的双乳酸角鲨胺、作为缓冲剂的硼酸(0.8%)+硼酸钠(0.12%)、作为张度调节剂的甘露糖醇(~0.8%)、作为螯合剂/稳定剂的α-生育酚(0.005%)、作为粘膜粘着剂的卡波普980NF(0.5%)、作为渗透促进剂的n-十二烷基-β-D-麦芽糖苷(0.05-0.1%)、作为防腐剂的苯扎氯铵(0.005%)和足量的注射用水或纯水USP。
按照与上述制剂类似的方式制备该制剂。
实施例7
制剂G
该制剂包含0.2%作为活性药物的双乳酸角鲨胺、作为缓冲剂的七水合磷酸钠1.88%w/v和一水合磷酸二氢钠1.0%w/v、作为软化剂的聚维酮K-30 1.2%w/v、作为稳定剂的乙二胺四乙酸二钠0.01%、作为渗透促进剂的n-十二烷基-β-D-麦芽糖苷0.005%w/v、作为防腐剂的苯扎氯铵0.005%w/v、作为增溶剂的3-羟丙基-B-环糊精0.9%w/v和适量纯水。pH=6.70且重量摩尔渗透压浓度=315mOsm/kg。在使用前,将该溶液通过0.22微米滤膜进行无菌过滤。
按照与上述制剂类似的方式制备该制剂。
实施例8
制剂H
该制剂包含0.2%作为活性药物的双乳酸角鲨胺、作为软化剂的甘油1%w/v、作为缓冲剂的硼酸1.18%w/v和硼酸钠0.12%w/v、作为渗透促进剂的n-十二烷基-β-D-麦芽糖苷0.005%w/v、作为防腐剂的苯扎氯铵0.005%和适量纯水。pH=6.90且重量摩尔渗透压浓度=305mOsm/kg。在使用前,将该溶液通过0.22微米滤膜进行无菌过滤。
按照与上述制剂类似的方式制备该制剂。
实施例9
制剂I
该制剂包含0.2%作为活性药物的双乳酸角鲨胺、作为缓冲剂的七水合磷酸钠1.88%w/v和一水合磷酸二氢钠0.87%w/v、作为张度调节剂的氯化钠0.3%w/v、乙二胺四乙酸二钠0.01%稳定剂、作为防腐剂的苯扎氯铵0.005%w/v、作为增溶剂的3-羟丙基-B-环糊精0.9%w/v和适量纯水。pH=6.72且重量摩尔渗透压浓度=325mOsm/kg。在使用前,将该溶液通过0.22微米滤膜进行无菌过滤。
按照与上述制剂类似的方式制备该制剂。
实施例10
制剂J
该制剂包含0.2%作为活性药物的双乳酸角鲨胺、作为缓冲剂的七水合磷酸钠1.88%w/v和一水合磷酸二氢钠1.0%w/v、作为软化剂的聚维酮K-30 0.6%w/v、作为稳定剂的乙二胺四乙酸二钠0.01%、作为渗透促进剂的n-十二烷基-β-D-麦芽糖苷0.005%w/v、作为防腐剂的苯扎氯铵0.005%w/v和适量纯水。pH=6.70且重量摩尔渗透压浓度=295mOsm/kg。在使用前,将该溶液通过0.22微米滤膜进行无菌过滤。
按照与上述制剂类似的方式制备该制剂。
实施例11
制剂K
该制剂包含0.2%作为活性药物的双乳酸角鲨胺、作为软化剂的甘油1.0%w/v、作为张度调节剂的甘露糖醇0.05%w/v、作为缓冲剂的硼酸1.18%w/v和硼酸钠0.12%w/v、作为张度调节剂的氯化钠0.4%w/v、作为渗透促进剂的n-十二烷基-β-D-麦芽糖苷0.005%w/v、作为防腐剂的苯扎氯铵0.005%w/v和适量纯水。pH=5.86且重量摩尔渗透压浓度=285mOsm/kg。在使用前,将该溶液通过0.22微米滤膜进行无菌过滤。
按照与上述制剂类似的方式制备该制剂。
实施例12
有关乳酸角鲨胺制剂的稳定性研究
在室温和在40℃测试制剂G和H(参见上文)的稳定性2周、1个月、3个月和6个月。在每一时间点通过HPLC评估乳酸角鲨胺浓度(表1)并且通过目视观察和pH评价制剂的稳定性(表2)。发现乳酸角鲨胺和制剂在所有时间点都是稳定的。
表1
乳酸角鲨胺含量的HPLC分析
表2
乳酸角鲨胺制剂的稳定性
实施例13
乳酸角鲨胺制剂对家兔眼局部给药的耐受性研究
在通过连续28天对荷兰黑带兔通过局部眼部滴注给予每日单剂量评价乳酸角鲨胺制剂G和乳酸角鲨胺制剂H(参见上述制剂)的眼部耐受性。媒介物对照品为无乳酸角鲨胺的乳酸角鲨胺制剂。
研究设计如下:
实验设计
a基于2kg家兔。
b对每只眼每日一次局部眼滴注给予的剂量。
在本研究中评价下列参数和终点:临床征兆、体重、体重改变、眼科学、眼内压、总体眼部检查、总体尸体解剖发现和组织病理学检查。未观察到死亡和对体重和体重增加的与治疗相关的作用。也没有与治疗相关的眼科学发现,对眼内压无作用且无宏观和显微镜下发现。基于这些观察结果,制剂是安全的且未显示眼毒性征兆。
在给予≥38.4μg/kg/天乳酸角鲨胺制剂G和/或≥39μg/kg/天乳酸角鲨胺制剂H和/或媒介物对照品B的动物的眼中注意到与治疗相关的眼发红和/或排出物(discharge),但罕见肿胀,其中给予乳酸角鲨胺制剂H的动物的发病率广泛增加。与排出物的观察结果相关的是,在给予两种乳酸角鲨胺制剂的动物和给予媒介物对照品B的动物中在第14天时注意到的澄清排出物的临床较少征兆。这些观察结果被视为无害,因为它们严重性低(一般而言,极轻或与正常值的任意偏差)和无眼科学、宏观或显微镜下的相关物。
结论是,乳酸角鲨胺制剂G在0、38.4、57.6和96μg/kg/天和乳酸角鲨胺制剂H在0、39、58.5和97.5μg/kg/天通过每日一次局部眼部滴注的给药在荷兰黑带兔中一般是充分耐受的。基于这些结果,无明显有害作用水平(NOAEL)被视为96μg/kg/天(乳酸角鲨胺制剂G)或97.5μg/kg/天(乳酸角鲨胺制剂H),且基于在所有剂量下的乳酸角鲨胺制剂H的动物和有时在给予媒介物对照品B的动物中的发红和排出物的较少眼部发现发生率,乳酸角鲨胺制剂G和媒介物对照品A被视为耐受性优于乳酸角鲨胺制剂H和媒介物对照品B。
实施例14
乳酸角鲨胺制剂眼部给药后在荷兰黑带兔中的眼生物分布研究
本研究的目的在于测定乳酸角鲨胺制剂G(参见上文的组合物)在通过眼部给药给予雄性荷兰黑带兔一次时的眼生物分布。
研究设计如下:
实验设计
a对每只眼局部眼部滴注一次给予的剂量。
取体重测量值用于随机化/剂量计算目的。在眼部给药后未观察到与治疗相关的临床征兆。给予剂量后,在具体时间点采集血样,制备血浆。采集血样后,对动物实施安乐死,进行尸体解剖以采集如下眼组织:房水、玻璃体液、感觉视网膜和脉络膜/巩膜。分析血浆和眼组织,这些分析的结果如下表中所示。
角鲨胺在家兔组织中的结果(ng/gm)
巩膜和脉络膜后
在任意动物的房水或玻璃体内未检测到可量化水平的角鲨胺,证实角鲨胺不会显著地透入角膜的所有层或接触晶状体。结论是,对乳酸角鲨胺存在量的眼部组织的分析结果显示在巩膜和脉络膜后中的水平甚至在3-小时时间点时就足以破坏HUVAC导管形成(参见图1和下文的实施例15)。因此,可以推断(例如参见Invest.Ophthalmol.Vis.Sci.2005年2月,第46卷,第2期,454-460和美国专利申请公开号US#2010/0272719)这些水平足以阻断发生在湿性-AMD中的有害脉络膜新血管生成(CNV)过程。
实施例15
使用角鲨胺抑制HUVEC的VEGF诱发的导管形成
将乳酸角鲨胺与人血管内皮细胞(HUVEC)混悬液混合成50、100或200nM浓度的溶液。然后将该混悬液即刻在包含多种生长因子包括血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)的基质胶上铺板。将培养板在37℃、在95%O2/5%CO2气氛中温育24hrs,然后对培养板进行照相。结果如图1中所示,表明角鲨胺甚至在50nM浓度就破坏了导管形成。
已经引述了许多参考文献,将它们的完整内容完整地引入本文参考。
Claims (10)
1.预防或治疗有此需要的哺乳动物眼病的方法,包含对该哺乳动物的眼给予治疗有效量的组合物,该组合物包含:
角鲨胺或其药学可接受的盐;
一种或多种粘膜粘着剂;和
一种或多种渗透促进剂,
其中所述眼病选自湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性(湿性AMD)、脉络膜新血管生成、视网膜病或干性年龄相关性黄斑变性(干性AMD)和视网膜色素上皮的黄斑中心凹的地理萎缩。
2.将治疗有效量的角鲨胺或其药理学可接受的盐递送至哺乳动物眼的巩膜后的方法,通过给予组合物来进行,该组合物包含:
角鲨胺或其药学可接受的盐;
一种或多种粘膜粘着剂;和
一种或多种渗透促进剂,
而在房水或玻璃体液中伴随产生的组合物浓度可忽略不计。
3.权利要求1或权利要求2的方法,其中所述粘膜粘着剂选自卡波普980、羟丙基甲基纤维素、聚维酮K-30和聚乙烯醇。
4.权利要求1或权利要求2的方法,其中所述渗透促进剂选自n-十二烷基-β-D-麦芽糖苷、月桂氮卓酮和甘油单月桂酸酯和PGML(聚乙二醇单月桂酸酯)。
5.眼用组合物,包含:
角鲨胺或其药学可接受的盐;
一种或多种粘膜粘着剂;和
一种或多种渗透促进剂。
6.权利要求5的组合物,还包含至少一种非离子张度调节剂、盐、防腐剂、缓冲剂、表面活性剂、增溶剂和稳定剂。
7.权利要求5的组合物,其中角鲨胺作为双乳酸盐存在。
8.权利要求7的组合物,其中双乳酸角鲨胺的存在量为0.005-5.0重量百分比。
9.权利要求6的组合物,其中所述盐的存在量为0.3%-1%重量百分比。
10.权利要求6的组合物,其中所述防腐剂的存在量足以产生微生物屏障,以维持或减小微生物浓度约12小时-约72小时的期限。
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US9681951B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2017-06-20 | Edwards Lifesciences Cardiaq Llc | Prosthesis with outer skirt and anchors |
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- 2011-08-16 CN CN201180047840.8A patent/CN103209683B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2011-08-16 CN CN201610553185.8A patent/CN106074362A/zh active Pending
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2015
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JP2016166250A (ja) | 2016-09-15 |
US20150342874A1 (en) | 2015-12-03 |
KR20140021505A (ko) | 2014-02-20 |
US20130281420A1 (en) | 2013-10-24 |
EP2605752A1 (en) | 2013-06-26 |
JP6214726B2 (ja) | 2017-10-18 |
JP2013537551A (ja) | 2013-10-03 |
AU2011292160B2 (en) | 2015-09-03 |
CA2808628A1 (en) | 2012-02-23 |
WO2012024298A1 (en) | 2012-02-23 |
AU2011292160A1 (en) | 2013-03-14 |
CN103209683B (zh) | 2016-08-31 |
CN103209683A (zh) | 2013-07-17 |
JP5956992B2 (ja) | 2016-07-27 |
KR101845107B1 (ko) | 2018-04-03 |
MX2013001870A (es) | 2013-07-03 |
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