CN106069570A - A kind of cultural method viny - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method viny Download PDFInfo
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- CN106069570A CN106069570A CN201610485335.6A CN201610485335A CN106069570A CN 106069570 A CN106069570 A CN 106069570A CN 201610485335 A CN201610485335 A CN 201610485335A CN 106069570 A CN106069570 A CN 106069570A
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- field planting
- cultural method
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cultural method viny, including step in detail below: field planting, clay fertilizer water management, tree body management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and pruning.By the way, the cultural method viny of the present invention, it is provided that be best suitable for setting the cultivation condition of Fructus Vitis viniferae, the cultivation survival rate of tree Fructus Vitis viniferae can be effectively improved, improve the capacity efficiency during wine-growing, meanwhile, improve the quality of fruit, soluble solid content is high, being effectively improved vintage and quality, in the fruit grain of cultivation not shattering, not dehiscent fruit, and fruit grain, soluble solid content is high, having strong fragrance, quality is first-class.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural planting, particularly relate to a kind of cultural method viny.
Background technology
Fructus Vitis viniferae is one of big fruit in the world three, accounts for critical role in fruit.Rich in sugar, organic acid, protein in Fructus Vitis viniferae
And the multiple nutrients material such as vitamin, it is a kind of all-ages fruit, the nutritive value of Fructus Vitis viniferae is the most increasingly by wide simultaneously
The accreditation of general consumer.
Fructus Vitis viniferae is traditional fruit tree of China, the most welcomed by the people, and along with the growth of the market demand, Portugal
The plantation of grape also gets more and more, and the multiple good characteristic that Fructus Vitis viniferae has is its key factor promoted: 1, Fructus Vitis viniferae is suitable
Answering property is very light and distributed more widely；
2, grape fruit is nutritious, does not contain only the common sugar of general fruit, acid, mineral, and containing substantial amounts of leaf
Trace element necessary to the human bodies such as acid, vitamin and resveratrol, the health fruit being well recognized as；
3, the purposes of Fructus Vitis viniferae is relatively wide, and fruit can be eaten raw, processes, alcoholic, juice processed, system are dry, outside tank processed, and the seed of Fructus Vitis viniferae also can carry
The high-grade materials such as refining tannin, Proflavanol element, and Fructus Vitis viniferae can be constantly subjected to the joyous of the people of the world with brew wine
Meet.
In current grape cultivation and management technology, spacing in the rows is the nearest for ground, garden, soil layer arrangement is unreasonable, fertigation efficiency relatively
Low, although the yield of Fructus Vitis viniferae improves constantly, but the quality of grape fruit is the most unsatisfactory, and sugar content, vitamin content etc. refer to
Mark the most undesirable, even occur that Fructus Vitis viniferae is bright in colour, shape is full in order to make, excessive spraying hormone, toner and sweetener etc.
The phenomenon of chemical agent.Substantially run counter to the natural law of plant growing, have impact on the nutritive value of Fructus Vitis viniferae self and edible peace
Quan Xing, it is difficult to meet the requirement producing green product.
Summary of the invention
Present invention is primarily aimed at the disadvantages mentioned above overcoming prior art, it is provided that a kind of cultural method viny,
Provide the cultivation condition being best suitable for setting Fructus Vitis viniferae, it is possible to be effectively improved the cultivation survival rate of tree Fructus Vitis viniferae, improve wine-growing process
In capacity efficiency, meanwhile, improve the quality of fruit, soluble solid content is high, is effectively improved vintage and quality, training
The fruit grain not shattering supported, soluble solid content is not high in dehiscent fruit, and fruit grain, has strong fragrance, and quality is first-class.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme that the present invention uses is: provide a kind of cultivation viny
Method, including step in detail below:
A, field planting, carry out field planting at December to February next year, the healthy and strong nursery stock without pest and disease damage of choosing, and root system retains 15-20cm and builds,
Cut and stay 2-3 bud, soak root 12 hours with clear water, soak aerial parts branch with the lime sulfur of 5 ° of Be, field planting again after dry,
Digging vesicle during plantation, the nursery stock chosen is put into cave, tramp with one's feet when burying soil half reality, then with hands, nursery stock is up mentioned, and makes
Root and soil are fully contacted, then soil is covered gentle watering, etc. after water penetration again with one layer of dry ground drowning, prevent moisture from evaporating；
B, clay fertilizer water management, field planting one week after is watered once, and nursery stock waters a water for 10-15 days after taking root, the young sprout of nursery stock grows 5
Sheet leaf starts to topdress, and based on nitrogenous fertilizer, fertilising in 10-15 days once, to executing three elements compound fertilizer 7-8 month, and combines diseases prevention and enters
Row foliage top dressing, Fertilizer In Autumn base manure, in the periphery ditching of field planting ditch, the specification of ditch is 50 × 50cm, mu organic fertilizer 2000-
5000kg, phosphate fertilizer 50-10kg, after fertilising, timely tank is permeable once, and before pockets of soil freezes, the winter turns over once, and whole trophophase is wanted in time
Middle weeding；
C, tree body management, after Sprout period, stay 1-2 healthy and strong young sprout to be trained main climing, and remaining is erased, and retains the new of low level joint
The tip, sets up the support tying up the tip, ties up the tip when young sprout grows to 40cm, along with the growth of young sprout, in conjunction with the posture cultivated with tree-like, long
Prune to the timely pinching of commitment positions, remove tendril simultaneously and tie up with drawing, guide young sprout upward and outward branch forth, stay leaf and pair more
The tip, cultivates sublateral shoot fruitful branch, rebuilds support after fallen leaves, cleans fallen leaves, clear branches and tendrils, leaf, concentrates buried or burn, wiping out iron wire
Upper lashings；
D, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, field planting main diseases and insect pests controlling object then is anthrachose of grape and downy mildew, anthrachose of grape late April extremely
May, First aggression occurred, and plum rain season is the morbidity Sheng phase, and downy mildew is contaminated at plum rain season and occurred, and August to JIUYUE is prevailing, anthrachose of grape
All spraying prevention is carried out with Bordeaux mixture with downy mildew；
E, pruning, prune and carry out before next year resin flow periods after fallen leaves, and the bearing basal shoot after pruning is flat or tiltedly ties up in frame face
Iron wire on, little tree light pruning, leading shoot carries out super long cane pruning, cultivates main climing, and in bearing basal shoot, the tip is trimmed to main, makes vine early
Shaping, precocity fruiting.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the density of described field planting uses the closeest rear dilute principle, the most rationally
Dense planting, the intermediate cutting with the tree increase of body.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described nitrogenous fertilizer uses night soil or the carbamide of dilution.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described support uses high bar " V " type frame and T-shape frame.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described high bar " V " type frame, bar height 1-1.3m, both arms direct motion is to " one "
Font colligation, the " V "-shaped colligation of young sprout, use iron wire colligation, first iron wire is liftoff 1-1.3m, from first iron wire
Pricking the crossbeam of 60cm Yu 100-120cm length at 25-30cm and 60cm respectively, 2 iron wires, the line-spacing of field planting are drawn in per pass crossbeam two
For 1.5-2m × 2.8-3.5m.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described T-shape frame uses specialty plastic Planting board to surround circular frame, fills out
Root-zone limitation type culture after Nutrition Soil, bar height 1.5-1.8m, main climing less than frame face 20cm, young sprout is climing vertical with main, and 10 every meter new
The tip, the line-spacing of field planting is 2m × 8m.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described kind viny is that the summer is black, happiness pleasure, Ju Feng, huge Flos Rosae Rugosae, liquor-saturated
Gold perfume or sunlight Flos Rosae Rugosae.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the cultural method viny of the present invention, it is provided that be best suitable for setting the cultivation of Fructus Vitis viniferae
Condition, it is possible to be effectively improved the cultivation survival rate of tree Fructus Vitis viniferae, improves the capacity efficiency during wine-growing, meanwhile, improves fruit
The quality of product, soluble solid content is high, is effectively improved vintage and quality, the fruit grain of cultivation not shattering, not dehiscent fruit, and
And in fruit grain, soluble solid content is high, has strong fragrance, quality is first-class.
Accompanying drawing explanation
For the technical scheme being illustrated more clearly that in the embodiment of the present invention, in embodiment being described below required for make
Accompanying drawing be briefly described, it should be apparent that, below describe in accompanying drawing be only some embodiments of the present invention, for
From the point of view of those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, it is also possible to obtain other according to these accompanying drawings
Accompanying drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the FB(flow block) of a preferred embodiment of present invention cultural method viny.
Detailed description of the invention
Technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, it is clear that described enforcement
Example is only a part of embodiment of the present invention rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, this area is common
All other embodiments that technical staff is obtained under not making creative work premise, broadly fall into the model of present invention protection
Enclose.
As it is shown in figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention includes:
A kind of cultural method viny, including step in detail below:
A, field planting, carry out field planting at December to February next year, the healthy and strong nursery stock without pest and disease damage of choosing, and root system retains 15-20cm and builds,
Cut and stay 2-3 bud, soak root 12 hours with clear water, soak aerial parts branch with the lime sulfur of 5 ° of Be, field planting again after dry,
Digging vesicle during plantation, the nursery stock chosen is put into cave, tramp with one's feet when burying soil half reality, then with hands, nursery stock is up mentioned, and makes
Root and soil are fully contacted, then soil is covered gentle watering, etc. after water penetration again with one layer of dry ground drowning, prevent moisture from evaporating；
B, clay fertilizer water management, field planting one week after is watered once, and nursery stock waters a water for 10-15 days after taking root, the young sprout of nursery stock grows 5
Sheet leaf starts to topdress, and based on nitrogenous fertilizer, fertilising in 10-15 days once, to executing three elements compound fertilizer 7-8 month, and combines diseases prevention and enters
Row foliage top dressing, Fertilizer In Autumn base manure, in the periphery ditching of field planting ditch, the specification of ditch is 50 × 50cm, mu organic fertilizer 2000-
5000kg, phosphate fertilizer 50-10kg, after fertilising, timely tank is permeable once, and before pockets of soil freezes, the winter turns over once, and whole trophophase is wanted in time
Middle weeding；
C, tree body management, after Sprout period, stay 1-2 healthy and strong young sprout to be trained main climing, and remaining is erased, and retains the new of low level joint
The tip, sets up the support tying up the tip, ties up the tip when young sprout grows to 40cm, along with the growth of young sprout, in conjunction with the posture cultivated with tree-like, long
Prune to the timely pinching of commitment positions, remove tendril simultaneously and tie up with drawing, guide young sprout upward and outward branch forth, stay leaf and pair more
The tip, cultivates sublateral shoot fruitful branch, rebuilds support after fallen leaves, cleans fallen leaves, clear branches and tendrils, leaf, concentrates buried or burn, wiping out iron wire
Upper lashings；
D, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, field planting main diseases and insect pests controlling object then is anthrachose of grape and downy mildew, anthrachose of grape late April extremely
May, First aggression occurred, and plum rain season is the morbidity Sheng phase, and downy mildew is contaminated at plum rain season and occurred, and August to JIUYUE is prevailing, anthrachose of grape
All spraying prevention is carried out with Bordeaux mixture with downy mildew；
E, pruning, prune and carry out before next year resin flow periods after fallen leaves, and the bearing basal shoot after pruning is flat or tiltedly ties up in frame face
Iron wire on, little tree light pruning, leading shoot carries out super long cane pruning, cultivates main climing, and in bearing basal shoot, the tip is trimmed to main, makes vine early
Shaping, precocity fruiting.
In above-mentioned, the density of described field planting use the closeest after the dilutest principle, rational close planting in early days, with tree body increase and
Intermediate cutting.Described nitrogenous fertilizer uses night soil or the carbamide of dilution, and the consumption of the night soil of dilution is 5kg/ strain, and the consumption of carbamide is
25-50g/ strain.
Further, described support uses high bar " V " type frame and T-shape frame.
Described high bar " V " type frame, uses high fixed pole, makes frame face ventilation and penetrating light good, can alleviate fruit disease, is conducive to
Control growing way.Bar height 1-1.3m, both arms direct motion, to " one " font colligation, the " V "-shaped colligation of young sprout, uses iron wire colligation, and first
Road iron wire is liftoff 1-1.3m, pricks the horizontal stroke of 60cm Yu 100-120cm length away from 25-30cm and 60cm from first iron wire respectively
Beam, 2 iron wires are drawn at per pass crossbeam two.Field planting two row vine in a general canopy, the line-spacing of field planting is 1.5-2m × 2.8-
3.5m。
Described T-shape frame, rhizosphere restriction wide row space, low-density, high bar, horizontal leaf curtain, leaf curtain height 1.8-2.0m, really
Fringe position 1.5-1.6m, based on short, long cane pruning.Use specialty plastic Planting board to surround circular frame, fill out rhizosphere after Nutrition Soil
Limiting cultivation, bar height 1.5-1.8m, main climing less than frame face 20cm, young sprout is climing vertical with main, every meter of 10 young sprouts.A general canopy
Interior field planting a line vine, the line-spacing of field planting is 2m × 8m, in the range of root system is limited in the 1m of tree row, in the ranks has the 7m space can
For agricultural operation machine-walking.
In the present embodiment, described kind viny be the summer black, happiness pleasure, Ju Feng, huge Flos Rosae Rugosae, liquor-saturated gold perfume or sunlight rose
Rare.
Summer is black: early-maturing variety, Franco-american, fruit ear cone, and atropurpureus is seedless, and sarcocarp is the most crisp, and Fructus Fragariae Ananssae is fragrant, solubility
Solid content reaches more than 18%, and grain weight 7-8 gram, the first tenday period of a month in July are ripe；
Happiness is happy: early-maturing variety, Franco-american, fruit ear cone, and yellow green is seedless, grain weight 3-4 gram, soluble solid content
Reaching more than 17%, the first tenday period of a month in July are ripe；
Huge peak: medium variety, Franco-american, fruit ear cone, there is secondary fringe, fruit grain is oval, atropurpureus, and fruit powder is thick, big grain,
Grain weight is up to more than 12 grams, and sarcocarp is soft, and juice is many, sweet and sour, has strawberry aroma, and after abundant maturation, soluble solid content reaches
More than 18%, the middle ten days and the last ten days in July is ripe；
Huge Flos Rosae Rugosae: medium variety, Franco-american, tetraploid, peel aubergine, meat is soft, and juice is many, has strong Flos Rosae Rugosae fragrant breeze
Taste, average particle weighs 8.2 grams, and after abundant maturation, soluble solid content reaches more than 19%, suitable pergola system, the first tenday period of a month in July
Ripe；
Liquor-saturated gold is fragrant: medium variety, tetraploid, big fringe, and fruit ear is compact, and fruit grain is especially big, fruit grain in oval, the most ripe fruit in season
Skin is golden yellow, and fruit juice is many, thick flavor, and quality is first-class, and soluble solid content reaches 16.8%, and in July, the first tenday period of a month are ripe；
Sunlight Flos Rosae Rugosae: late variety, Franco-american, fruit ear is cylindrical, fruit grain yellow green, and time ripe, gloss is beautiful, and mouthfeel is only
Spy, soluble solid content reaches more than 20%, and grain weight 12-15 gram, the middle ten days and the last ten days in August is ripe.
In sum, the cultural method viny of the present invention, it is provided that be best suitable for setting the cultivation condition of Fructus Vitis viniferae, it is possible to have
Effect improves the cultivation survival rate of tree Fructus Vitis viniferae, improves the capacity efficiency during wine-growing, meanwhile, improves the quality of fruit, can
Dissolubility solid content is high, is effectively improved vintage and quality, can in the fruit grain of cultivation not shattering, not dehiscent fruit, and fruit grain
Dissolubility solid content is high, has strong fragrance, and quality is first-class.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention, not thereby limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, every utilize this
Equivalent structure or equivalence flow process that bright description is made convert, or are directly or indirectly used in other relevant technology neck
Territory, is the most in like manner included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a cultural method viny, it is characterised in that include step in detail below:
A, field planting, carry out field planting at December to February next year, the healthy and strong nursery stock without pest and disease damage of choosing, and root system retains 15-20cm and builds,
Cut and stay 2-3 bud, soak root 12 hours with clear water, soak aerial parts branch with the lime sulfur of 5 ° of Be, field planting again after dry,
Digging vesicle during plantation, the nursery stock chosen is put into cave, tramp with one's feet when burying soil half reality, then with hands, nursery stock is up mentioned, and makes
Root and soil are fully contacted, then soil is covered gentle watering, etc. after water penetration again with one layer of dry ground drowning, prevent moisture from evaporating；
B, clay fertilizer water management, field planting one week after is watered once, and nursery stock waters a water for 10-15 days after taking root, the young sprout of nursery stock grows 5
Sheet leaf starts to topdress, and based on nitrogenous fertilizer, fertilising in 10-15 days once, to executing three elements compound fertilizer 7-8 month, and combines diseases prevention and enters
Row foliage top dressing, Fertilizer In Autumn base manure, in the periphery ditching of field planting ditch, the specification of ditch is 50 × 50cm, mu organic fertilizer 2000-
5000kg, phosphate fertilizer 50-10kg, after fertilising, timely tank is permeable once, and before pockets of soil freezes, the winter turns over once, and whole trophophase is wanted in time
Middle weeding；
C, tree body management, after Sprout period, stay 1-2 healthy and strong young sprout to be trained main climing, and remaining is erased, and retains the new of low level joint
The tip, sets up the support tying up the tip, ties up the tip when young sprout grows to 40cm, along with the growth of young sprout, in conjunction with the posture cultivated with tree-like, long
Prune to the timely pinching of commitment positions, remove tendril simultaneously and tie up with drawing, guide young sprout upward and outward branch forth, stay leaf and pair more
The tip, cultivates sublateral shoot fruitful branch, rebuilds support after fallen leaves, cleans fallen leaves, clear branches and tendrils, leaf, concentrates buried or burn, wiping out iron wire
Upper lashings；
D, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, field planting main diseases and insect pests controlling object then is anthrachose of grape and downy mildew, anthrachose of grape late April extremely
May, First aggression occurred, and plum rain season is the morbidity Sheng phase, and downy mildew is contaminated at plum rain season and occurred, and August to JIUYUE is prevailing, anthrachose of grape
All spraying prevention is carried out with Bordeaux mixture with downy mildew；
E, pruning, prune and carry out before next year resin flow periods after fallen leaves, and the bearing basal shoot after pruning is flat or tiltedly ties up in frame face
Iron wire on, little tree light pruning, leading shoot carries out super long cane pruning, cultivates main climing, and in bearing basal shoot, the tip is trimmed to main, makes vine early
Shaping, precocity fruiting.
Cultural method viny the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the density of described field planting uses the closeest
The dilutest principle, in early days rational close planting, the intermediate cutting with the tree increase of body.
Cultural method viny the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described nitrogenous fertilizer uses the human excrement of dilution
Urine or carbamide.
Cultural method viny the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described support uses high bar " V " type
Frame and T-shape frame.
Cultural method viny the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described high bar " V " type frame, bar height 1-
1.3m, both arms direct motion, to " one " font colligation, the " V "-shaped colligation of young sprout, uses iron wire colligation, first iron wire is liftoff 1-
1.3m, pricks the crossbeam of 60cm Yu 100-120cm length, per pass crossbeam two away from 25-30cm and 60cm from first iron wire respectively
Head draws 2 iron wires, and the line-spacing of field planting is 1.5-2m × 2.8-3.5m.
Cultural method viny the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described T-shape frame uses specialty to mould
Material Planting board surrounds circular frame, fills out root-zone limitation type culture after Nutrition Soil, bar height 1.5-1.8m, and master is climing less than frame face 20cm, young sprout
Climing vertical with main, every meter of 10 young sprouts, the line-spacing of field planting is 2m × 8m.
Cultural method viny the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described kind viny is the summer
Black, happiness pleasure, Ju Feng, huge Flos Rosae Rugosae, liquor-saturated gold perfume or sunlight Flos Rosae Rugosae.
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| CN201610485335.6A CN106069570A (en) | 2016-06-29 | 2016-06-29 | A kind of cultural method viny |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106577159A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-04-26 | 维西鑫隆有限责任公司 | High altitude grape planting method |
| CN106613721A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-10 | 泌阳县鸿发农林种植专业合作社 | Cold canopy cultivation method for seedless Victoria grapes |
| CN109197368A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2019-01-15 | 凌云县兰农七品种植专业合作社 | A kind of plantation pruning method for setting grape |
| CN111109002A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-08 | 武汉市仟果园现代农业科技发展有限公司 | Method for managing young trees of sunshine rose grapes |
| CN111727804A (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2020-10-02 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院葡萄与葡萄酒研究所 | Method for improving spike shape of sunshine rose grape |
| CN114145178A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-03-08 | 河北省农林科学院昌黎果树研究所 | Double-arc-shaped leaf curtain multi-arch grape trellis and grape cultivation method |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106613721A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-10 | 泌阳县鸿发农林种植专业合作社 | Cold canopy cultivation method for seedless Victoria grapes |
| CN106577159A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-04-26 | 维西鑫隆有限责任公司 | High altitude grape planting method |
| CN109197368A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2019-01-15 | 凌云县兰农七品种植专业合作社 | A kind of plantation pruning method for setting grape |
| CN111109002A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-08 | 武汉市仟果园现代农业科技发展有限公司 | Method for managing young trees of sunshine rose grapes |
| CN111109002B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2022-01-28 | 武汉市仟果园现代农业科技发展有限公司 | Method for managing young trees of sunshine rose grapes |
| CN111727804A (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2020-10-02 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院葡萄与葡萄酒研究所 | Method for improving spike shape of sunshine rose grape |
| CN114145178A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-03-08 | 河北省农林科学院昌黎果树研究所 | Double-arc-shaped leaf curtain multi-arch grape trellis and grape cultivation method |
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Application publication date: 20161109 |