CN106044969A - Method and treatment equipment for synchronous desalination and decoloration of dyeing waste water - Google Patents
Method and treatment equipment for synchronous desalination and decoloration of dyeing waste water Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000004042 decolorization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003011 anion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical group [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000909 electrodialysis Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 7
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007646 directional migration Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorous acid Chemical compound ClO QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 9
- STZCRXQWRGQSJD-GEEYTBSJSA-M methyl orange Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1\N=N\C1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 STZCRXQWRGQSJD-GEEYTBSJSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 229940012189 methyl orange Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005349 anion exchange Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010919 dye waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002306 biochemical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/30—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the textile industry
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了一种印染废水同步脱盐脱色的方法：将印染废水在电场作用下，进行同步脱盐脱色处理；所述电场由阳极系统和阴极系统提供，所述阳极系统包含阳极电解液和阳极电极，所述阴极系统包含阴极电解液和阴极电极；所述印染废水与阳极系统之间设置阴离子交换膜，所述印染废水与阴极系统之间设置有阳离子交换膜。本发明通过外加电压形成电场，促进阴阳离子的定向迁移，去除印染废水中的盐；借助废水中常共存的氯离子，通过离子交换膜到达极室的氯离子在电极上发生反应，形成的氯自由基和次氯酸氧化剂进入到印染废水中对染料进行氧化，进而实现染料的去除。本发明对染料的去除率能够达到70～85％，对盐的去除率能够达到85～97％。The invention provides a method for synchronous desalination and decolorization of printing and dyeing wastewater: the printing and dyeing wastewater is subjected to synchronous desalination and decolorization treatment under the action of an electric field; the electric field is provided by an anode system and a cathode system, and the anode system includes an anolyte and an anode electrode , the cathode system includes a catholyte and a cathode electrode; an anion exchange membrane is arranged between the printing and dyeing wastewater and the anode system, and a cation exchange membrane is arranged between the printing and dyeing wastewater and the cathode system. The present invention forms an electric field by applying an external voltage, promotes the directional migration of anions and cations, and removes the salt in the printing and dyeing wastewater; with the help of the chloride ions that often coexist in the wastewater, the chloride ions that reach the electrode chamber through the ion exchange membrane react on the electrode, and the formed chlorine is free The base and hypochlorous acid oxidant enter the printing and dyeing wastewater to oxidize the dye, and then realize the removal of the dye. The invention has a removal rate of 70-85% for dyes and 85-97% for salt.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及印染废水处理技术领域，特别涉及一种印染废水同步脱盐脱色的方法和处理设备。The invention relates to the technical field of printing and dyeing wastewater treatment, in particular to a method and treatment equipment for synchronous desalination and decolorization of printing and dyeing wastewater.
背景技术Background technique
印染又称之为染整，是一种加工方式，也是前处理、染色、印花、后整理和洗水等的总称。印染废水是加工棉、麻、化学纤维及其混纺产品为主的印染厂排出的废水。印染废水水量较大，每印染加工1吨纺织品耗水100～200吨，其中80～90％成为废水。Printing and dyeing, also known as dyeing and finishing, is a processing method and a general term for pretreatment, dyeing, printing, finishing and washing. Printing and dyeing wastewater is wastewater discharged from printing and dyeing factories that mainly process cotton, hemp, chemical fibers and their blended products. Printing and dyeing wastewater has a large amount of water, 100-200 tons of water is consumed per ton of textile printing and dyeing, and 80-90% of it becomes wastewater.
印染废水具有水量大、有机污染物含量高、碱性大、水质变化大和有色染料色度高等特点，属难处理的工业废水之一，直接排放印染废水会对人类健康和生存环境带来极大危害，同时造成水资源的浪费。Printing and dyeing wastewater has the characteristics of large water volume, high content of organic pollutants, high alkalinity, large changes in water quality, and high chroma of colored dyes. It is one of the most difficult industrial wastewater to treat. Direct discharge of printing and dyeing wastewater will bring great harm to human health and the living environment. hazards and waste of water resources.
现有技术中，印染废水的处理方法很多，例如悬凝沉淀法处理废水中的色度、胶体状悬浮物和混凝后絮体，过滤法去除悬浮物，氧化法去除COD、BOD、细菌和色度，吸附法去除色度、COD和BOD，生化法去除色度、COD、BOD和颗粒状污染物。现有技术中印染废水的处理方法虽多，但是无法实现同时脱盐脱色。In the prior art, there are many treatment methods for printing and dyeing wastewater, such as suspension coagulation sedimentation method to treat chroma, colloidal suspended matter and coagulated flocs in wastewater, filtration method to remove suspended matter, oxidation method to remove COD, BOD, bacteria and Chromaticity, adsorption method to remove chromaticity, COD and BOD, biochemical method to remove chromaticity, COD, BOD and particulate pollutants. Although there are many treatment methods for printing and dyeing wastewater in the prior art, simultaneous desalination and decolorization cannot be achieved.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种印染废水同步脱盐脱色的方法和处理设备，本发明提供的方法能够同时脱除印染废水中的染料和盐。The object of the present invention is to provide a method and treatment equipment for synchronous desalination and decolorization of printing and dyeing wastewater. The method provided by the present invention can simultaneously remove dyes and salts in printing and dyeing wastewater.
为了实现上述发明目的，本发明提供以下技术方案：In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
本发明提供了一种印染废水同步脱盐脱色的方法，包括如下步骤：The invention provides a method for synchronous desalination and decolorization of printing and dyeing wastewater, comprising the following steps:
将印染废水在电场作用下，进行同步脱盐脱色处理；The printing and dyeing wastewater is subjected to simultaneous desalination and decolorization treatment under the action of an electric field;
所述电场由阳极系统和阴极系统提供，所述阳极系统包含阳极电解液和阳极电极，所述阴极系统包含阴极电解液和阴极电极；The electric field is provided by an anode system comprising an anolyte and an anode electrode, and a cathode system comprising a catholyte and a cathode electrode;
所述印染废水与阳极系统之间设置阴离子交换膜，所述印染废水与阴极系统之间设置有阳离子交换膜。An anion exchange membrane is arranged between the printing and dyeing wastewater and the anode system, and a cation exchange membrane is arranged between the printing and dyeing wastewater and the cathode system.
优选的，所述阳极电解液、印染废水和阴极电解液的体积比为(250～310):(80～110):(250～310)。Preferably, the volume ratio of the anolyte, printing and dyeing wastewater and catholyte is (250-310):(80-110):(250-310).
优选的，所述阳极电解液、印染废水和阴极电解液的体积比为(270～300):(90～100):(270～300)。Preferably, the volume ratio of the anolyte, printing and dyeing wastewater and catholyte is (270-300):(90-100):(270-300).
优选的，所述印染废水中染料的质量浓度为20～100mg/L；Preferably, the mass concentration of the dye in the printing and dyeing wastewater is 20-100 mg/L;
所述印染废水中盐的质量浓度为1～5g/L。The mass concentration of the salt in the printing and dyeing wastewater is 1-5 g/L.
优选的，所述阳极电解液为氯化钠溶液和/或硫酸钠溶液；Preferably, the anolyte is sodium chloride solution and/or sodium sulfate solution;
所述阳极电解液的浓度为5～15mol/mL。The concentration of the anolyte is 5-15 mol/mL.
优选的，所述阴极电解液为氯化钠溶液和/或硫酸钠溶液；Preferably, the catholyte is sodium chloride solution and/or sodium sulfate solution;
所述阳极电解液的浓度为5～15mol/mL。The concentration of the anolyte is 5-15 mol/mL.
优选的，所述电场的电压为2～10V。Preferably, the voltage of the electric field is 2-10V.
优选的，所述同步脱盐脱色处理的时间为3～10小时。Preferably, the time for the simultaneous desalination and decolorization treatment is 3 to 10 hours.
本发明还提供了一种实现印染废水同步脱盐脱色的处理设备，包括壳体，所述壳体由阴离子交换膜和阳离子交换膜分割成三室，形成三室电渗析系统；The present invention also provides a treatment device for synchronous desalination and decolorization of printing and dyeing wastewater, including a housing, the housing is divided into three chambers by an anion exchange membrane and a cation exchange membrane to form a three-chamber electrodialysis system;
所述三室电渗析系统中，中室为废水处理室，由阴离子交换膜分隔的边室为阳极室，由阳离子交换膜分隔的边室为阴极室；In the three-chamber electrodialysis system, the middle chamber is the wastewater treatment chamber, the side chamber separated by the anion exchange membrane is the anode chamber, and the side chamber separated by the cation exchange membrane is the cathode chamber;
所述阳极室中包含阳极电极；An anode electrode is contained in the anode chamber;
所述阴极室中包含阴极电极。The cathode chamber contains a cathode electrode.
优选的，对所述废水处理室设置有入水口和出水口。Preferably, the waste water treatment chamber is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet.
本发明提供了一种印染废水同步脱盐脱色的方法，包括如下步骤：将印染废水在电场作用下，进行同步脱盐脱色处理；所述电场由阳极系统和阴极系统提供，所述阳极系统包含阳极电解液和阳极电极，所述阴极系统包含阴极电解液和阴极电极；所述印染废水与阳极系统之间设置阴离子交换膜，所述印染废水与阴极系统之间设置有阳离子交换膜。本发明将电化学技术和膜分离技术相结合，通过外加电压形成电场，促进阴阳离子的定向迁移，去除印染废水中的盐；借助废水中常共存的氯离子，通过离子交换膜到达极室的氯离子在电极上发生反应，形成的氯自由基和次氯酸氧化剂进入到印染废水中对染料进行氧化，进而实现染料的去除。本发明实施例的实验结果表明，本发明对染料的去除率能够达到70～85％，对盐的去除率能够达到85～97％。The invention provides a method for synchronous desalination and decolorization of printing and dyeing wastewater, comprising the following steps: performing synchronous desalination and decolorization treatment on printing and dyeing wastewater under the action of an electric field; the electric field is provided by an anode system and a cathode system, and the anode system includes an anode electrolysis Liquid and anode electrode, the cathode system includes catholyte and cathode electrode; an anion exchange membrane is arranged between the printing and dyeing wastewater and the anode system, and a cation exchange membrane is arranged between the printing and dyeing wastewater and the cathode system. The present invention combines electrochemical technology and membrane separation technology, forms an electric field by applying an external voltage, promotes the directional migration of anions and cations, and removes the salt in the printing and dyeing wastewater; The ions react on the electrode, and the formed chlorine free radicals and hypochlorous acid oxidant enter the printing and dyeing wastewater to oxidize the dye, thereby realizing the removal of the dye. The experimental results of the embodiments of the present invention show that the present invention can achieve a removal rate of 70-85% for dyes and 85-97% for salt.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明实施例1～3所用电渗析系统的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the electrodialysis system used in the embodiment of the present invention 1～3;
图中：1-阳极电极、2-阴离子交换膜、3-阳离子交换膜、4-阴极电极。In the figure: 1-anode electrode, 2-anion exchange membrane, 3-cation exchange membrane, 4-cathode electrode.
具体实施方式detailed description
本发明提供了一种印染废水同步脱盐脱色的方法，包括如下步骤：The invention provides a method for synchronous desalination and decolorization of printing and dyeing wastewater, comprising the following steps:
将印染废水在电场作用下，进行同步脱盐脱色处理；The printing and dyeing wastewater is subjected to simultaneous desalination and decolorization treatment under the action of an electric field;
所述电场由阳极系统和阴极系统提供，所述阳极系统包含阳极电解液和阳极电极，所述阴极系统包含阴极电解液和阴极电极；The electric field is provided by an anode system comprising an anolyte and an anode electrode, and a cathode system comprising a catholyte and a cathode electrode;
所述印染废水与阳极系统之间设置阴离子交换膜，所述印染废水与阴极系统之间设置有阳离子交换膜。An anion exchange membrane is arranged between the printing and dyeing wastewater and the anode system, and a cation exchange membrane is arranged between the printing and dyeing wastewater and the cathode system.
本发明将印染废水在电场作用下，进行同步脱盐脱色处理。在本发明中，所述电场的电压优选为2～10V，更优选为4～8V，最优选为5～7V。在本发明中，所述电压可具体为直流电压。In the invention, the printing and dyeing wastewater is subjected to synchronous desalination and decolorization treatment under the action of an electric field. In the present invention, the voltage of the electric field is preferably 2-10V, more preferably 4-8V, most preferably 5-7V. In the present invention, the voltage may specifically be a DC voltage.
在本发明中，所述同步脱盐脱色处理的时间优选为3～10小时，具体的可以为3小时、4小时、5小时、6小时、7小时、8小时、9小时或10小时。In the present invention, the time for the simultaneous desalination and decolorization treatment is preferably 3 to 10 hours, specifically 3 hours, 4 hours, 5 hours, 6 hours, 7 hours, 8 hours, 9 hours or 10 hours.
本发明对所述的印染废水种类和来源没有特殊的限制，为本领域技术人员熟知的印染行业产生的印染废水。在本发明中，所述印染废水中染料的质量浓度优选为20～100mg/L，更优选为40～80mg/L，最优选为50～70mg/L；所述印染废水中盐的质量浓度优选为1～5g/L，具体的可以为1g/L、2g/L、3g/L、4g/L或5g/L。在本发明中，所述染料可具体为甲基橙，所述盐可具体为氯化钠。The present invention has no special limitation on the type and source of the printing and dyeing wastewater, which is the printing and dyeing wastewater produced by the printing and dyeing industry well known to those skilled in the art. In the present invention, the mass concentration of the dye in the printing and dyeing wastewater is preferably 20-100 mg/L, more preferably 40-80 mg/L, most preferably 50-70 mg/L; the mass concentration of the salt in the printing and dyeing wastewater is preferably 1-5g/L, specifically 1g/L, 2g/L, 3g/L, 4g/L or 5g/L. In the present invention, the dye may specifically be methyl orange, and the salt may specifically be sodium chloride.
在本发明中，所述电场由阳极系统和阴极系统提供，所述阳极系统包含阳极电解液和阳极电极，所述阴极系统包含阴极电解液和阴极电极。In the present invention, the electric field is provided by an anode system comprising an anolyte and an anode electrode, and a cathode system comprising a catholyte and a cathode electrode.
在本发明中，所述阳极电解液优选为氯化钠溶液和/或硫酸钠溶液。在本发明中，所述阳极电解液的浓度优选为5～15mol/mL，更优选为7～13mol/mL，最优选9～11mol/mL。在本发明中，所述阳极电极优选为石墨电极，更优选为石墨电极板。In the present invention, the anolyte is preferably a sodium chloride solution and/or a sodium sulfate solution. In the present invention, the concentration of the anolyte is preferably 5-15 mol/mL, more preferably 7-13 mol/mL, most preferably 9-11 mol/mL. In the present invention, the anode electrode is preferably a graphite electrode, more preferably a graphite electrode plate.
在本发明中，所述阴极电解液和阴极电极与所述阳极电解液和阳极电极相同，在此不再进行赘述。In the present invention, the catholyte and the cathode electrode are the same as the anolyte and the anode electrode, which will not be repeated here.
在本发明中，所述阳极电解液、印染废水和阴极电解液的体积比优选为(250～310):(80～110):(250～310)，更优选为(270～300):(90～100):(270～300)，最优选为(280～290):(92～98):(280～290)。In the present invention, the volume ratio of the anolyte, printing and dyeing wastewater and catholyte is preferably (250-310):(80-110):(250-310), more preferably (270-300):( 90～100):(270～300), most preferably (280～290):(92～98):(280～290).
在本发明中，所述印染废水与阳极系统之间设置阴离子交换膜，所述印染废水与阴极系统之间设置有阳离子交换膜。In the present invention, an anion exchange membrane is arranged between the printing and dyeing wastewater and the anode system, and a cation exchange membrane is arranged between the printing and dyeing wastewater and the cathode system.
本发明对所述阴离子交换膜的材质没有特殊要求，采用本领域技术人员所熟知材质的阴离子交换膜即可，具体的如聚乙烯(PE)材质。在本发明实施例中，本发明所用阴离子交换膜具体为产品型号为LE-EDIM的PE材质的阴离子交换膜。The present invention has no special requirements on the material of the anion exchange membrane, and an anion exchange membrane of a material well known to those skilled in the art can be used, specifically polyethylene (PE). In the embodiment of the present invention, the anion exchange membrane used in the present invention is specifically an anion exchange membrane made of PE material whose product model is LE-EDIM.
本发明对所述阳离子交换膜的材质没有特殊要求，采用本领域技术人员所熟知材质的阳离子交换膜即可，具体的如聚乙烯(PE)材质。在本发明实施例中，本发明所用阳离子交换膜具体为产品型号为LE-EDIM的PE材质的阳离子交换膜。The present invention has no special requirements on the material of the cation exchange membrane, and the material of the cation exchange membrane well known to those skilled in the art can be used, such as polyethylene (PE) material specifically. In the embodiment of the present invention, the cation exchange membrane used in the present invention is specifically a cation exchange membrane made of PE material whose product model is LE-EDIM.
本发明还提供了一种实现印染废水同步脱盐脱色的处理设备，包括壳体，所述壳体由阴离子交换膜和阳离子交换膜分割成三室，形成三室电渗析系统；The present invention also provides a treatment device for synchronous desalination and decolorization of printing and dyeing wastewater, including a housing, the housing is divided into three chambers by an anion exchange membrane and a cation exchange membrane to form a three-chamber electrodialysis system;
所述三室电渗析系统中，中室为废水处理室，由阴离子交换膜分隔的边室为阳极室，由阳离子交换膜分隔的边室为阴极室；In the three-chamber electrodialysis system, the middle chamber is the wastewater treatment chamber, the side chamber separated by the anion exchange membrane is the anode chamber, and the side chamber separated by the cation exchange membrane is the cathode chamber;
所述阳极室中包含阳极电极；An anode electrode is contained in the anode chamber;
所述阴极室中包含阴极电极。The cathode chamber contains a cathode electrode.
在本发明中，所述废水处理室优选的设置有入水口和出水口。In the present invention, the waste water treatment chamber is preferably provided with a water inlet and a water outlet.
图1为本发明实施例1～3所用电渗析系统的结构示意图，图中：1-阳极电极、2-阴离子交换膜、3-阳离子交换膜、4-阴极电极。如图1所述，在本发明中，所述电渗析系统包括外壳和由阴离子交换膜和阳离子交换膜分隔的阳极室、废水处理室和阴极室；其中，所述三室的电渗析系统中，废水处理室为中室，由阴离子交换膜分隔的边室为阳极室，由阳离子交换膜分隔的边室为阴极室。本发明对所述阳极电极和阴极电极施加电压，对印染废水进行同步脱盐脱色处理。Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the electrodialysis system used in Examples 1 to 3 of the present invention, in which: 1 - anode electrode, 2 - anion exchange membrane, 3 - cation exchange membrane, 4 - cathode electrode. As shown in Figure 1, in the present invention, the electrodialysis system includes a housing and an anode chamber, a waste water treatment chamber and a cathode chamber separated by an anion exchange membrane and a cation exchange membrane; wherein, in the electrodialysis system of the three chambers, The wastewater treatment chamber is the middle chamber, the side chamber separated by the anion exchange membrane is the anode chamber, and the side chamber separated by the cation exchange membrane is the cathode chamber. In the invention, voltage is applied to the anode electrode and the cathode electrode, and the printing and dyeing wastewater is desalted and decolorized synchronously.
作为本发明一个具体的实施例，本发明按照上述体积和浓度的要求，向阳极室、阴极室和废水处理室分别通入相应体积和浓度的阳极电解液、阴极电解液和印染废水，更具体的，本发明通过废水处理室的入水口使得废水流入；再通过对所述阳极电极(1)和阴极电极(4)施加电压，对印染废水进行同步脱盐脱色处理。在所述同步脱盐脱色处理结束之后，本发明将所述废水处理室中的处理后的印染废水通过出水口排出。As a specific embodiment of the present invention, according to the requirements of the above volume and concentration, the present invention respectively feeds anolyte, catholyte and printing and dyeing wastewater of corresponding volume and concentration into the anode chamber, cathode chamber and wastewater treatment chamber, more specifically Yes, the present invention allows wastewater to flow in through the water inlet of the wastewater treatment chamber; and then applies voltage to the anode electrode (1) and cathode electrode (4) to perform synchronous desalination and decolorization treatment on the printing and dyeing wastewater. After the synchronous desalination and decolorization treatment is completed, the present invention discharges the treated printing and dyeing wastewater in the wastewater treatment chamber through a water outlet.
本发明提供了一种印染废水同步脱盐脱色的方法，包括如下步骤：将印染废水在电场作用下，进行同步脱盐脱色处理；所述电场由阳极系统和阴极系统提供，所述阳极系统包含阳极电解液和阳极电极，所述阴极系统包含阴极电解液和阴极电极；所述印染废水与阳极系统之间设置阴离子交换膜，所述印染废水与阴极系统之间设置有阳离子交换膜。本发明将电化学技术和膜分离技术相结合，通过外加电压形成电场，促进阴阳离子的定向迁移，去除印染废水中的盐；借助废水中常共存的氯离子，通过离子交换膜到达极室的氯离子在电极上发生反应，形成的氯自由基和次氯酸氧化剂进入到印染废水中对染料进行氧化，进而实现染料的去除。本发明实施例的实验结果表明，本发明对染料的去除率能够达到70～85％，对盐的去除率能够达到85～97％。The invention provides a method for synchronous desalination and decolorization of printing and dyeing wastewater, comprising the following steps: performing synchronous desalination and decolorization treatment on printing and dyeing wastewater under the action of an electric field; the electric field is provided by an anode system and a cathode system, and the anode system includes an anode electrolysis Liquid and anode electrode, the cathode system includes catholyte and cathode electrode; an anion exchange membrane is arranged between the printing and dyeing wastewater and the anode system, and a cation exchange membrane is arranged between the printing and dyeing wastewater and the cathode system. The present invention combines electrochemical technology and membrane separation technology, forms an electric field by applying an external voltage, promotes the directional migration of anions and cations, and removes the salt in the printing and dyeing wastewater; The ions react on the electrode, and the formed chlorine free radicals and hypochlorous acid oxidant enter the printing and dyeing wastewater to oxidize the dye, thereby realizing the removal of the dye. The experimental results of the embodiments of the present invention show that the present invention can achieve a removal rate of 70-85% for dyes and 85-97% for salt.
下面结合实施例对本发明提供的印染废水同步脱盐脱色的方法和处理设备进行详细的说明，但是不能把它们理解为对本发明保护范围的限定。The method and treatment equipment for synchronous desalination and decolorization of printing and dyeing wastewater provided by the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the examples, but they should not be understood as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.
实施例1Example 1
选用PE材质阴、阳离子交换膜和石墨材质的阴、阳电极板，置于电渗析系统中并进行组装。室温条件下，向电渗析系统的中室加入染料废液96mL，其中含有50mg/L的甲基橙及3000mg/L的氯化钠，向电渗析系统的两个电极室分别加入10mol/mL的硫酸钠电解质各288mL。在外加直流电压6V条件下，经过6小时处理，最终中室的甲基橙浓度降为15mg/L，而氯化钠浓度降为420mg/L，对色度和盐分的去除效果分别可以达到70％和86％。The anion and cation exchange membranes made of PE material and the cathode and anode electrode plates made of graphite are selected, placed in the electrodialysis system and assembled. At room temperature, add 96 mL of dye waste liquid to the middle chamber of the electrodialysis system, which contains 50 mg/L methyl orange and 3000 mg/L sodium chloride, and add 10 mol/mL of methyl orange to the two electrode chambers of the electrodialysis system Sodium sulfate electrolyte 288mL each. Under the condition of an external DC voltage of 6V, after 6 hours of treatment, the concentration of methyl orange in the middle chamber is reduced to 15mg/L, while the concentration of sodium chloride is reduced to 420mg/L, and the removal effects of chroma and salt can reach 70% respectively. % and 86%.
实施例2Example 2
选用PE材质阴、阳离子交换膜和石墨材质的阴、阳电极板，置于电渗析系统中并进行组装。室温条件下，向电渗析系统的中室加入染料废液96mL，其中含有50mg/L的甲基橙及3000mg/L的氯化钠，向电渗析系统的两个电极室分别加入10mol/mL的硫酸钠电解质各288mL。接着，在外加直流电压8V条件下，经过6小时处理，最终中室的甲基橙浓度降为9.95mg/L，而氯化钠浓度降为96mg/L，对色度和盐分的去除效果分别可以达到80.1％和96.8％。The anion and cation exchange membranes made of PE material and the cathode and anode electrode plates made of graphite are selected, placed in the electrodialysis system and assembled. At room temperature, add 96 mL of dye waste liquid to the middle chamber of the electrodialysis system, which contains 50 mg/L of methyl orange and 3000 mg/L of sodium chloride, and add 10 mol/mL of Sodium sulfate electrolyte 288mL each. Then, under the condition of an external DC voltage of 8V, after 6 hours of treatment, the concentration of methyl orange in the middle chamber was reduced to 9.95mg/L, while the concentration of sodium chloride was reduced to 96mg/L, and the removal effects on chroma and salt were respectively 80.1% and 96.8% can be achieved.
实施例3Example 3
选用PE材质阴、阳离子交换膜和石墨材质的阴、阳电极板，置于电渗析系统中并进行组装。室温条件下，向电渗析系统的中室加入染料废液96mL，其中含有50mg/L的甲基橙及5000mg/L的氯化钠，向电渗析系统的两个电极室分别加入10mol/mL的硫酸钠电解质各288mL。接着，在外加直流电压6V条件下，经过6小时处理，最终中室的甲基橙浓度降为15mg/L，而氯化钠浓度降为600mg/L，对色度和盐分的去除效果分别可以达到70％和88％。The anion and cation exchange membranes made of PE material and the cathode and anode electrode plates made of graphite are selected, placed in the electrodialysis system and assembled. At room temperature, add 96 mL of dye waste liquid to the middle chamber of the electrodialysis system, which contains 50 mg/L of methyl orange and 5000 mg/L of sodium chloride, and add 10 mol/mL of Sodium sulfate electrolyte 288mL each. Then, under the condition of an external DC voltage of 6V, after 6 hours of treatment, the concentration of methyl orange in the final middle chamber was reduced to 15mg/L, and the concentration of sodium chloride was reduced to 600mg/L. To 70% and 88%.
由以上实施例可知，本发明将电化学技术和膜分离技术相结合，通过外加电压形成电场，促进阴阳离子的定向迁移，去除印染废水中的盐；借助废水中常共存的氯离子，通过离子交换膜到达极室的氯离子在电极上发生反应，形成的氯自由基和次氯酸氧化剂进入到印染废水中对染料进行氧化，进而实现染料的去除。本发明实施例的实验结果表明，本发明对染料的去除率能够达到70～85％，对盐的去除率能够达到85～97％。It can be seen from the above examples that the present invention combines electrochemical technology and membrane separation technology, forms an electric field through an applied voltage, promotes the directional migration of anions and cations, and removes salt in printing and dyeing wastewater; Chloride ions that reach the electrode chamber of the membrane react on the electrode, and the formed chlorine free radicals and hypochlorous acid oxidant enter the printing and dyeing wastewater to oxidize the dye, thereby realizing the removal of the dye. The experimental results of the embodiments of the present invention show that the present invention can achieve a removal rate of 70-85% for dyes and 85-97% for salt.
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications can also be made. It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
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