A kind of good conformal spherical antenna battle array of shield effectiveness
Technical field
The present invention relates to conformal spherical antenna battle array, the good conformal spherical antenna battle array of especially a kind of shield effectiveness.
Background technique
The comprehensive radiation of hemisphere face can be achieved in conformal (ellipse) spherical antenna battle array.Have in numerous antenna systems not comparable
Quasi- advantage.It can be used for GCS Ground Communication System, airborne, vehicle-mounted communication in moving system, while can also apply to radar, positioning, navigation
Field.
There are many kinds of classes for conformal array antenna, there is taper battle array, spheric array, cylindrical array etc..It has Conventional planar antennas battle array
Characteristic, while also having many differences.
Planar array is very mature to be applied to multiple fields, but its scan angle is generally up to 60 ° or so.And spheric array can
To cover all around.This can play a role very well in Satellite Tracking, the fields such as communication.In the condition for reaching same wide angle of radiation
Under, conformal spheric array has very big advantage in terms of volume, power consumption, cost.But the design requirement of spheric array is very high.Relative to
Planar array, array element are unevenly distributed, and Directional Pattern Analysis becomes complicated.For large radius of curvature array to obtaining low pair
The directional diagram of valve, it is necessary to the position of each array element is distributed, so that all array elements can effectively be directed toward the direction of formulation.Simultaneously
Nonplanar array element radiation polarization is irregular, it is thus possible to cause cross polarization very high.
(ellipse) spherical structure difficulty in terms of processing is larger, and cost is very high, and design difficulty mainly has the following: 1,
Mutual Coupling Analysis between (ellipse) spherical surface conformal antenna element characteristics and unit is difficult, 2, conformal Pattern Synthesis of Antenna Array difficulty,
3, conformal array antenna polarizing control is difficult, and 4, Wave beam forming and control are complicated, 5, test (calibration) difficulty.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, provides that a kind of aerial radiation uniformity is high, structural strength
The high and good conformal spherical antenna battle array of shield effectiveness.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of good conformal spherical antenna battle array of shield effectiveness, it
Including antenna house, antenna array, shielding case and bottom plate, the antenna array is mounted on bottom plate, and shielding case be located at antenna array with
Between bottom plate, the antenna house covers antenna array, and an annular groove is offered on bottom plate, and the lower edge of the antenna house is inserted
Enter in annular groove, and positioned by locking positioning mechanism,.
The antenna array includes first layer skeleton, second layer skeleton, third layer skeleton, antenna and positioning device, described
First layer skeleton, second layer skeleton, third layer skeleton in same ellipsoid, and each layer of inclination angle is all different, institute
First layer skeleton, second layer skeleton and the ellipsoid stated are tangent, and the spherical surface tangent line of third layer skeleton and second layer skeleton, which has, to be cut
Wire clamp angle a, the first layer skeleton, second layer skeleton offer mutiple antennas mounting hole on third layer skeleton, described
It is provided with mutiple antennas support column on skeleton around antenna installing hole, is provided on the antenna corresponding with antenna mounting column
Mounting hole, the antenna is mounted on antenna mounting column by screw, and antenna is located in corresponding antenna installing hole, institute
The positioning device stated is mounted on the top of first layer skeleton.
Uniformly installation is uniformly equipped with eight on the second layer skeleton there are four antenna on the first layer skeleton
Antenna is uniformly equipped with 11 antennas on the third layer skeleton.
The top of the first layer skeleton is dome structure, offers a positioning device mounting hole on it, described
Positioning device positioning column there are four being also set up on skeleton around positioning device mounting hole to mounting and positioning device.
The first layer skeleton and second layer skeleton connect on ring and the phase of second layer skeleton and third layer skeleton
It connects and offers lightening hole on ring.
Multiple equally distributed antenna frame mounting bases, antenna are provided on the lateral wall of the third layer skeleton bottom
Tapped through hole is offered in skeleton mounting base, and antenna frame peace corresponding with antenna frame mounting base is offered on the bottom plate
Hole is filled, third time skeleton is fastenedly connected by the attachment screw being mounted in antenna frame mounting base and antenna frame mounting hole.
The locking positioning mechanism includes lock-screw, and it is logical that multiple screw threads are offered on the side wall of the annular groove
Hole, the lower edge of the shielding case offer the location hole with tapped through hole, pass through lock between the antenna house and bottom plate
Tightly in the lock-screw locking positioning of tapped through hole and positioning hole.
The invention has the following advantages that conformal spherical antenna battle array of the invention, aerial array are divided into three layers of skeleton, skeleton is
The empty design of thread, that is, ensure that structural strength, and reduce the weight of skeleton, while also reducing the consumptive material of skeleton, to save
Production cost offers 23 antenna installing holes for realizing that antenna spherical surface is structured the formation on skeleton, and has between each layer of skeleton
There is different inclination angles, so as to improve the gain flatness in uniformity, that is, scanning range of aerial radiation, and skeleton is using thread
Hollow structure, that is, ensure that the performance of skeleton, and reduce the materials cost and weight of skeleton;First layer skeleton uses dome knot
Structure, to ensure that the uniform force of antenna mounting framework, to improve the stability of antenna mounting framework, and antenna
Pitch angle it is adjustable, so as to according to actual needs, adjust the pitch angle of antenna, improve the versatility of aerial array;Pass through
The connection of antenna array and bottom plate, to realize that the installation of shielding case is fixed so that shielding case is easy for installation, and antenna house with
Bottom plate uses sealing ring type piston sealing structure, so that sealing effect is good, and seals conveniently, further improves conformal ball
The shield effectiveness of surface antenna battle array.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is structural schematic diagram of the invention
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of antenna array
Fig. 3 is the connection schematic diagram of first layer skeleton, second layer skeleton, third layer skeleton
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of antenna;
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of bottom plate;
In figure, 1- first layer skeleton, 2- second layer skeleton, 3- third layer skeleton, 4- antenna installing hole, 5- positioning device peace
Fill hole, 6- antenna mounting column, 7- antenna frame mounting base, 8- lightening hole, 9- positioning device positioning column, 10- positioning device, 11-
Antenna, 12- mounting hole, 13- antenna house, 14- antenna array, 15- shielding case, 16- bottom plate, 17- antenna frame mounting hole, 18- ring
Shape slot, 19- lock-screw.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawing, and protection scope of the present invention is not limited to as described below:
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 5, the good conformal spherical antenna battle array of a kind of shield effectiveness, it includes antenna house 13, antenna array
14, shielding case 15 and bottom plate 16, the antenna array 14 are mounted on bottom plate 16, and shielding case 15 is located at antenna array 14 and bottom plate
Between 16, the antenna house 13 covers antenna array 14, and an annular groove 18 is offered on bottom plate 16, the antenna house 13
Lower edge is inserted into annular groove 18, and is positioned by locking positioning mechanism, in the present embodiment, the locking positioning mechanism packet
Lock-screw 19 is included, multiple tapped through holes, the lower edge of the shielding case 13 are offered on the side wall of the annular groove 18
The location hole with tapped through hole is offered, by being locked at tapped through hole and location hole between the antenna house 13 and bottom plate 16
Interior lock-screw locking positioning changes original end face seal structure in this manner, so that antenna house 13 and bottom
Sealing performance between plate 16 is guaranteed, to ensure that the shield effectiveness of shielding case 15, improves the quality of antenna array.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2 ~ Fig. 4, the antenna array 14 include first layer skeleton 1, second layer skeleton 2,
Third layer skeleton 3, antenna 11 and positioning device 10, the first layer skeleton 1, second layer skeleton 2, third layer skeleton 3 exist
In same ellipsoid, and each layer of inclination angle is all different, the first layer skeleton 1, second layer skeleton 2 and ellipsoid phase
It cuts, the spherical surface tangent line of third layer skeleton 3 and second layer skeleton 2 has tangent line angle a, it is preferred that tangent line angle a is 10 °, is passed through
This mode can improve the gain flatness in the uniformity i.e. scanning range of aerial radiation, in the actual process, first layer
Skeleton 1, second layer skeleton 2 and third layer skeleton 3 are not limited in ellipsoid, are also possible to spherical surface, the first layer skeleton
1, second layer skeleton 2, offer mutiple antennas mounting hole 4, the bone around the antenna installing hole 4 on third layer skeleton 3
Mutiple antennas support column 6 is provided on frame, in the present embodiment, antenna mounting column 6 is four, is provided on the antenna 11
Mounting hole 12 corresponding with antenna mounting column 6 is further opened up in the outer circle of antenna 11 there are four convex block, mounting hole 12 is right
It should be provided on convex block, the antenna 11 is mounted on antenna mounting column 6 by screw, during installation, antenna mounting column 6
Height can change, so as to change the pitch angle of antenna element by the height for changing antenna mounting column 6, to meet day
The adjusting of line support column 6, can be used antenna mounting column 6 and first layer skeleton 1, second layer skeleton 2,3 screw thread of third layer skeleton connect
The mode connect is installed, and the height of antenna mounting column 6, the antenna 11 are adjusted by adjusting the screw-in amount of antenna mounting column 6
In corresponding antenna installing hole 4, the positioning device 10 is mounted on the top of first layer skeleton 1, in the present embodiment,
The first layer skeleton 1, second layer skeleton 2, third layer skeleton 3 are made of 3D printing technique, compared with traditional handicraft,
It is high in machining efficiency, machining accuracy is high low with production cost.
In the present embodiment, uniformly there are four antenna 11, the second layer skeletons for installation on the first layer skeleton 1
Eight antennas are uniformly installed on 2,11 antennas 11 are uniformly installed, therefore antenna 11 is total on the third layer skeleton 3
Meter 23, and 23 antennas, are to meet the requirements down obtained minimum unit number, and this minimum unit number is in global index
Under it is required that, with unit number, position etc. for variable, cell spacing, ellipsoid size etc. are constraint condition, and element pattern is equivalent
Obtained from being optimized at point source directional diagram with genetic algorithm, concrete thought is as follows:
First from system index, the index request reached needed for conformal antenna is decomposited.Then, from the index of antenna
It is required that the topological structure of antenna element characteristic needed for analysis and conformal antenna array.And then needed for being determined by optimization algorithm
Element pattern, then further to conformal array topology layout optimize.Aerial array works in S-band, band
Width is 10%, and scanning range is -75 ° to 75 ° of pitch angle, 0 ° -360 ° of azimuth.Gain of the aerial array in scanning range is wanted
Greater than 13dBi, gain flatness is less than 1dB.Aerial array can support double-circle polarization operating mode simultaneously, and its axis ratio is less than
3dB.Antenna has while receiving the ability of more than three satellite information simultaneously.
Obviously, for a Conformal Phased Array, should be limited in first it is certain spatially, herein we limit
Its fixed range is in hemisphere of the diameter less than 300mm.Simultaneously in order to save the cost of conformal phased array antenna, unit number and
Its position is the significant variable that we optimize.Its gain and gain flatness are very important optimization aim.Firstly, quasi-
A fixed antenna element directional diagram, there are two variables now: the position coordinates (x, y, z) of each unit and antenna element it is total
Number N.Each unit of array cannot intersect, and size is necessarily less than the radius R of hemisphere, that is to say, that the seat of each unit
Mark control is within the scope of certain.In addition, the optimum results of antenna gain have to be larger than 13 dBi in entire upper half airspace,
And gain flatness is less than 1 dB.We optimize the distribution of unit and element number using genetic algorithm.If
This element pattern drafted is unable to the structure that optimization is met the requirements, and is adjusted to the directional diagram of element antenna, selection
One new directional diagram re-starts optimization.After optimization aim reaches our requirements, we go according to the directional diagram drafted
The element pattern needed for us is designed, this designed antenna element is arranged according to the topological structure of optimization, finally
Global analysis and optimization are carried out using full wave analysis software.
In the present embodiment, the top of the first layer skeleton 1 is dome structure, and the arch of vault formula of dome mechanism is made
Type has the characteristics that surrounding power transmission, the wall thickness of bracket can be thinned as far as possible on the basis of meeting identical stress in this way, to drop
The weight of low antenna mounting framework offers a positioning device mounting hole 5, the positioning dress at the top of first layer skeleton 1
Set the positioning device positioning column also set up on the skeleton around mounting hole 5 You Sige to mounting and positioning device 10.
In the present embodiment, the first layer skeleton 1 and second layer skeleton 2 connect on ring and second layer skeleton 2
With lightening hole 8, i.e. first layer skeleton 1, second layer skeleton 2 and third layer skeleton 3 are offered on the ring that connects of third layer skeleton 3
Using the empty design of thread, the weight of antenna mounting framework not only can be reduced, and also ensure antenna mounting framework by
Power uniformity, to improve the stability of antenna mounting framework.
In the present embodiment, multiple equally distributed antennas are provided on the lateral wall of 3 bottom of third layer skeleton
Skeleton mounting base 7 offers tapped through hole in antenna frame mounting base 7, offers on the bottom plate 16 and antenna frame is pacified
The corresponding antenna frame mounting hole 17 of seat 7 is filled, third time skeleton 3 is pacified by being mounted on antenna frame mounting base 7 and antenna frame
Attachment screw in dress hole 17 is fastenedly connected.