CN105933078A - Multi-antenna single-channel radio direction finding system and method having optimal amplitude comparison - Google Patents
Multi-antenna single-channel radio direction finding system and method having optimal amplitude comparison Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-antenna single-channel radio direction finding system and method having the optimal amplitude comparison, relating to the technical field of radio direction finding. At least three pairs of directional antennas having known directional characteristics are used for receiving radio signals; the received radio signals are processed; direction finding is carried out through an optimal method; the problem that the direction finding sensitivity, the direction finding precision and the direction finding speed cannot be compatible in the prior art can be solved; the amplitude direction finding system and method, which integrate high sensitivity and high precision, have a low request for the consistency of parts, and are capable of rapidly finding the direction, are provided; simultaneously, the invention further provides a direction finding system of data required by the optimal calculation; a measurement result can be subjected to the optimal calculation; and real-time direction finding is rapidly carried out.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to direction-finding station technical field, more specifically to a kind of single pass optimization of multiple antennas than width radio direction-finding system and method.
Background technology
On the one hand, the development of society promotes radio cause to develop rapidly, and direction-finding station technology, as radio monitoring, technology investigation and an important technological means of electronic countermeasure, has obtained industry and more and more paid close attention to.According to the difference of direction finding principle, direction finding system can be divided into amplitude method, phase method, Doppler method, time difference method and Estimation of Spatial Spectrum method etc..
Amplitude method direction-finding system is widely used in direction-finding station field due to its simple in construction, steady performance.Amplitude method presses the difference of amplitude information Land use systems, can be subdivided into maximum-signal method (the biggest point of articulation method), minimum signal method (the least point of articulation method) and amplitude relative method；By the difference of reception number of channels, single channel and multichannel two kinds can be subdivided into；By the difference of reception antenna quantity, single antenna and multiple antennas two kinds can be subdivided into.Multichannel amplitude method direction-finding system, each beam antenna of system requirements and its receiving path are suffered to the amplitude characteristic of strict conformance；And amplitude method direction-finding system of based on single receiving channel reduces the inconsistent impact on system Measure direction performance of each channel amplitude characteristic, its direction finding precision can be increased substantially, but ageing not as multichannel amplitude method direction-finding system.
Current existing amplitude method direction finding technology is respectively provided with following defect:
Although 1, maximum signal direction finding direction finder sensitivity is high, but bearing accuracy is the highest, and direction finding speed is slow.Because on the one hand, the directional diagram of beam antenna is mild in the change of maximum gain approximate angle, insensitive to angle change；On the other hand, need substantial amounts of antenna azimuth-signal strength data pair, just can draw the antenna azimuth at peak signal place.
Although 2, minimum signal method bearing accuracy is higher, but direction finder sensitivity is the highest, and direction finding speed is slow.Because on the one hand, the directional diagram of beam antenna is precipitous in the change of least gain approximate angle, but antenna gain is low herein；On the other hand, need substantial amounts of antenna azimuth-signal strength data pair, just can draw the antenna azimuth at peak signal place.
3, existing amplitude relative method, the comparison of amplitude is by circuit realiration, and high to the coherence request of parts, debugging difficulty is big, and can only carry out real-time direction finding.
On the other hand, optimization method is also referred to as operational research Methods, it is that recent decades is formed, it mainly uses Optimized Approaches and the scheme of the various system of mathematical method research, purpose is for the system studied, try to achieve the preferred plan of reasonable utilization each subsystem ability, play and improve usefulness and the benefit of system, be finally reached the optimal objective of system.In industry, agricultural, transportation, business, national defence, building, communication, in the real work in each field of all departments such as government bodies, people are frequently encountered the extreme value found a function or max min problem, this class problem is exactly optimization problem, and the mathematical method solving optimization problem is referred to as optimization method, it mainly solves optimal production planning, optimum allocation, optimal design, optimal decision, Optimal Management etc. find a function maximum, minimum problems, including linear programming, integer programming, Non-Linear Programming, dynamic programming and intelligent optimization method etc..But the most not yet for direction-finding station field.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the defect of above-mentioned prior art, optimization method is introduced direction-finding station field by the present invention, provide a kind of single pass optimization of multiple antennas than width radio direction-finding system and method, the present invention uses the beam antenna of at least Third Mate's known direction feature to receive radio signal, and the radio signal received is processed, carry out direction finding by optimization method.It is an object of the invention to: solve the problem that in prior art, direction finder sensitivity, degree of accuracy and direction finding speed can not be taken into account, propose one and have high sensitivity, pinpoint accuracy concurrently, the highest to the coherence request of parts, it is possible to the amplitude direction-finding system of quickly direction finding and method；Optimization computation desired data can also be met simultaneously, measurement result can be carried out optimization computation, be quickly carried out direction finding.
In order to solve above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The single pass optimization of multiple antennas is than width radio direction-finding system, it is characterised in that: include
At least Third Mate's known direction feature and order to beam antenna；
Switch for controlling to overpay beam antenna and monitor the electronic control radio frequency connected between reception equipment；
For receiving the radio signal that beam antenna receives, and the monitoring that the amplitude-frequency characteristic of the radio signal received is processed as single-frequency intensity data, discrete scan data, frequency sweep frequency spectrum data, FFT spectrum data or digital scan frequency spectrum data respectively receives equipment；
For being connected with monitoring reception equipment, and process single-frequency intensity data, discrete scan data, frequency sweep frequency spectrum data, FFT spectrum data or the digital scan frequency spectrum data that monitoring reception equipment records, carry out the microprocessor of direction-finding station；
Described monitoring reception equipment is set up two-way communication with microprocessor and is connected.
Described beam antenna is the combination of one or more in log-periodic antenna, yagi aerial, electromagnetic horn, double-ridged horn antenna and complex loop antenna.
Overpaying beam antenna the most identical, the angle between any two pairs of beam antennas is not more than the main beam width of beam antenna.
Overpaying beam antenna to differ, the angle between any two pairs of neighboring directional antenna is not more than the meansigma methods of two pairs of beam antenna main beam widths.
Radio direction-finding system also includes for being connected with microprocessor, measures the azimuthal electronic compass of beam antenna indication；Described electronic compass is connected with microprocessor two-way communication.
Described monitoring reception equipment includes radio receiver, frequency sweep audiofrequency spectrometer or FFT spectrum instrument.
The single pass optimization of multiple antennas is than width wireless direction finding method, it is characterised in that:
By at least Third Mate's known direction feature and order to beam antenna, receive radio signal；
Overpay the connection between beam antenna and monitoring reception equipment by electronic control radio frequency on-off control, overpay beam antenna and connect with monitoring reception equipment in turn, in the radio signal transmission extremely monitoring reception equipment that beam antenna will receive；
Receive, by monitoring reception equipment, the radio signal that beam antenna receives, and the amplitude-frequency characteristic of the radio signal received is processed as single-frequency intensity data, discrete scan data, frequency sweep frequency spectrum data, FFT spectrum data or digital scan frequency spectrum data；
Receive monitoring reception equipment the single-frequency intensity data, discrete scan data, frequency sweep frequency spectrum data, FFT spectrum data or the digital scan frequency spectrum data that record by microprocessor and be analyzed, it is thus achieved that the measured signal intensity of characteristic frequency in different orientations；
Carry out optimization modeling in the microprocessor, with radio signal azimuth as decision variable, between the signal intensity that measured signal intensity and the direction character according to the beam antenna on this azimuth calculate in different orientations, the cumulant of deviation is as object function, sets up without constraint Nonlinear programming Model；
It is optimized calculating by microprocessor, solves the signal arrival bearing in characteristic frequency so that the aspect angle of deviation cumulant minimum is i.e. signal arrival bearing.
Described is LEAST SQUARES MODELS FITTING or minimum distance method model without constraint Nonlinear programming Model.
Described minimum distance method model includes minimum manhatton distance model, minimum euclidean distance model or minimum Chebyshev's distance model.
Compared with prior art, the useful technique effect that the present invention is brought shows:
1, direction-finding system disclosed by the invention and method, has maximum-signal method, minimum signal method and the advantage of existing amplitude relative method concurrently, takes full advantage of all directional characteristics of beam antenna, and direction finder sensitivity is high, and bearing accuracy is the highest;Use single channel to gather each antenna data in turn, although direction finding speed is slower than multichannel, but save monitoring and receive equipment cost.
2, direction-finding system disclosed by the invention and method, the highest to the coherence request of parts, even allow for using different directions feature overpays order to beam antenna, and this is greatly lowered hardware difficulty of processing and system debug difficulty, does not bring great convenience for maintenance.
3, the direction-finding method of the present invention, with aspect angle as decision variable, in different orientations characteristic frequency measured signal intensity and between the signal intensity calculated according to the antenna performance of beam antenna the cumulant of deviation as object function, set up without constraint Nonlinear programming Model；And carry out optimization computation by microprocessor, solve the signal arrival bearing in characteristic frequency, the aspect angle making deviation cumulant minimum is i.e. signal arrival bearing, achieving real-time direction finding and the direction finding afterwards of radio signal, compared with prior art the effect of the inventive method shows:
1) can not only direction finding in real time, it is also possible to utilize the data direction finding afterwards of storage.
2) identical if overpaying beam antenna, angle between any two pairs of beam antennas is not more than the main beam width of beam antenna, and antenna amount is not less than 3 pairs；Overpaying beam antenna to differ, the angle between any two pairs of neighboring directional antenna is not more than the meansigma methods of two pairs of beam antenna main beam widths, and antenna amount is not less than 3 pairs.In most cases, for same frequency range, 3 pairs of antennas just disclosure satisfy that above-mentioned requirements.And traditional multiple antennas single channel direction-finding system and method often require that 4-9 pays antenna.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is present system structural representation.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, with reference to Figure of description 1, present embodiment discloses:
The single pass optimization of multiple antennas than width radio direction-finding system, including:
At least Third Mate's known direction feature and order to beam antenna；
Switch for controlling to overpay beam antenna and monitor the electronic control radio frequency connected between reception equipment；
For receiving the radio signal that beam antenna receives, and the monitoring that the amplitude-frequency characteristic of the radio signal received is processed as single-frequency intensity data, discrete scan data, frequency sweep frequency spectrum data, FFT spectrum data or digital scan frequency spectrum data respectively receives equipment；
For being connected with monitoring reception equipment, and process single-frequency intensity data, discrete scan data, frequency sweep frequency spectrum data, FFT spectrum data or the digital scan frequency spectrum data that monitoring reception equipment records, carry out the microprocessor of direction-finding station；
Described monitoring reception equipment is set up two-way communication with microprocessor and is connected.
In the present embodiment, the amplitude-frequency characteristic of the radio signal of the every pair of beam antenna received is processed as single-frequency intensity data by monitoring reception equipment respectively, discrete scan data can also be processed as, it can also be frequency sweep frequency spectrum data, can also is that FFT spectrum data, it is also possible to be digital scan frequency spectrum data.
Embodiment 2
As another embodiment of the present invention, with reference to Figure of description 1, present embodiment discloses:
The single pass optimization of multiple antennas than width radio direction-finding system, including:
At least Third Mate's known direction feature and order to beam antenna；
Switch for controlling to overpay beam antenna and monitor the electronic control radio frequency connected between reception equipment；
For receiving the radio signal that beam antenna receives, in the present embodiment, the amplitude-frequency characteristic of the radio signal of the every pair of beam antenna received is processed as single-frequency intensity data by monitoring reception equipment respectively, discrete scan data can also be processed as, it can also be frequency sweep frequency spectrum data, can also is that FFT spectrum data, it is also possible to be digital scan frequency spectrum data；
For being connected with monitoring reception equipment, and process single-frequency intensity data, discrete scan data, frequency sweep frequency spectrum data, FFT spectrum data or the digital scan frequency spectrum data that monitoring reception equipment records, carry out the microprocessor of direction-finding station；
Described monitoring reception equipment is set up two-way communication with microprocessor and is connected；
Described beam antenna is the combination of one or more in log-periodic antenna, yagi aerial, electromagnetic horn, double-ridged horn antenna and complex loop antenna.Overpay beam antenna the most entirely log-periodic antenna or entirely yagi aerial or entirely electromagnetic horn or entirely double-ridged horn antenna or entirely complex loop antenna in the present embodiment；Can also be to overpay beam antenna to be respectively adopted different types of antenna.
Embodiment 3
As another embodiment of the present invention, with reference to Figure of description 1, present embodiment discloses:
The single pass optimization of multiple antennas than width radio direction-finding system, including:
At least Third Mate's known direction feature and order to beam antenna；
Switch for controlling to overpay beam antenna and monitor the electronic control radio frequency connected between reception equipment；
For receiving the radio signal that beam antenna receives, in the present embodiment, the amplitude-frequency characteristic of the radio signal of the every pair of beam antenna received is processed as single-frequency intensity data by monitoring reception equipment respectively, discrete scan data can also be processed as, it can also be frequency sweep frequency spectrum data, can also is that FFT spectrum data, it is also possible to be digital scan frequency spectrum data；
For being connected with monitoring reception equipment, and process single-frequency intensity data, discrete scan data, frequency sweep frequency spectrum data, FFT spectrum data or the digital scan frequency spectrum data that monitoring reception equipment records, carry out the microprocessor of direction-finding station；
Described monitoring reception equipment is set up two-way communication with microprocessor and is connected；
Described beam antenna is the one in log-periodic antenna, yagi aerial, electromagnetic horn, double-ridged horn antenna and complex loop antenna.Overpay beam antenna the most entirely log-periodic antenna or entirely yagi aerial or entirely electromagnetic horn or entirely double-ridged horn antenna or entirely complex loop antenna in the present embodiment；Overpaying beam antenna the most identical, the angle between any two pairs of beam antennas is not more than the main beam width of beam antenna.
In the present embodiment, it is also possible to being to overpay beam antenna to be respectively adopted different types of antenna, overpay beam antenna and differ, the angle between any two pairs of neighboring directional antenna is not more than the meansigma methods of two pairs of beam antenna main beam widths.
Antenna number need to meet N >=CEIL(360/S in the present embodiment), and N >=3, it becomes possible to accurately direction finding, S represents antenna main beam width.
Embodiment 4
As another embodiment of the present invention, with reference to Figure of description 1, present embodiment discloses:
The single pass optimization of multiple antennas than width radio direction-finding system, including:
At least Third Mate's known direction feature and order to beam antenna；
Switch for controlling to overpay beam antenna and monitor the electronic control radio frequency connected between reception equipment；
For receiving the radio signal that beam antenna receives, in the present embodiment, the amplitude-frequency characteristic of the radio signal of the every pair of beam antenna received is processed as single-frequency intensity data by monitoring reception equipment respectively, discrete scan data can also be processed as, it can also be frequency sweep frequency spectrum data, can also is that FFT spectrum data, it is also possible to be digital scan frequency spectrum data；
For being connected with monitoring reception equipment, and process single-frequency intensity data, discrete scan data, frequency sweep frequency spectrum data, FFT spectrum data or the digital scan frequency spectrum data that monitoring reception equipment records, carry out the microprocessor of direction-finding station；
Described monitoring reception equipment is set up two-way communication with microprocessor and is connected；
Described beam antenna is the one in log-periodic antenna, yagi aerial, electromagnetic horn, double-ridged horn antenna and complex loop antenna.Overpay beam antenna the most entirely log-periodic antenna or entirely yagi aerial or entirely electromagnetic horn or entirely double-ridged horn antenna or entirely complex loop antenna in the present embodiment；Overpaying beam antenna the most identical, the angle between any two pairs of beam antennas is not more than the main beam width of beam antenna；
In the present embodiment, it is also possible to being to overpay beam antenna to be respectively adopted different types of antenna, overpay beam antenna and differ, the angle between any two pairs of neighboring directional antenna is not more than the meansigma methods of two pairs of beam antenna main beam widths；
Radio direction-finding system also includes for being connected with microprocessor, measures the azimuthal electronic compass of beam antenna indication；Described electronic compass is connected with microprocessor two-way communication；Described monitoring reception equipment includes radio receiver, frequency sweep audiofrequency spectrometer or FFT spectrum instrument.Data match after the monitoring reception equipment used and process radio signal amplitude-frequency characteristic.
Embodiment 5
As another embodiment of the present invention, present embodiment discloses:
The single pass optimization of multiple antennas than width wireless direction finding method, by least Third Mate's known direction feature and order to beam antenna, receive radio signal；
Overpay the connection between beam antenna and monitoring reception equipment by electronic control radio frequency on-off control, overpay beam antenna and connect with monitoring reception equipment in turn, in the radio signal transmission extremely monitoring reception equipment that beam antenna will receive；
Receive, by monitoring reception equipment, the radio signal that beam antenna receives, and the amplitude-frequency characteristic of the radio signal received is processed as single-frequency intensity data, discrete scan data, frequency sweep frequency spectrum data, FFT spectrum data or digital scan frequency spectrum data；
Receive monitoring reception equipment the single-frequency intensity data, discrete scan data, frequency sweep frequency spectrum data, FFT spectrum data or the digital scan frequency spectrum data that record by microprocessor and be analyzed, it is thus achieved that the measured signal intensity of characteristic frequency in different orientations；
Carry out optimization modeling in the microprocessor, with radio signal azimuth as decision variable, between the signal intensity that measured signal intensity and the direction character according to the beam antenna on this azimuth calculate in different orientations, the cumulant of deviation is as object function, sets up without constraint Nonlinear programming Model；
It is optimized calculating by microprocessor, solves the signal arrival bearing in characteristic frequency so that the aspect angle of deviation cumulant minimum is i.e. signal arrival bearing.
Embodiment 6
As another embodiment of the present invention, present embodiment discloses:
The single pass optimization of multiple antennas than width wireless direction finding method, by least Third Mate's known direction feature and order to beam antenna, receive radio signal；
Overpay the connection between beam antenna and monitoring reception equipment by electronic control radio frequency on-off control, overpay beam antenna and connect with monitoring reception equipment in turn, in the radio signal transmission extremely monitoring reception equipment that beam antenna will receive；
Receive, by monitoring reception equipment, the radio signal that beam antenna receives, and the amplitude-frequency characteristic of the radio signal received is processed as single-frequency intensity data, discrete scan data, frequency sweep frequency spectrum data, FFT spectrum data or digital scan frequency spectrum data；
Receive monitoring reception equipment the single-frequency intensity data, discrete scan data, frequency sweep frequency spectrum data, FFT spectrum data or the digital scan frequency spectrum data that record by microprocessor and be analyzed, it is thus achieved that the measured signal intensity of characteristic frequency in different orientations；
Carry out optimization modeling in the microprocessor, with radio signal azimuth as decision variable, between the signal intensity that measured signal intensity and the direction character according to the beam antenna on this azimuth calculate in different orientations, the cumulant of deviation is as object function, sets up without constraint Nonlinear programming Model；In the present embodiment, the nothing constraint Nonlinear programming Model of foundation, can be the LEAST SQUARES MODELS FITTING set up by method of least square, it is also possible to be the minimum distance method model set up by minimum distance method；When setting up model by minimum distance method, it is also possible to set up minimum manhatton distance model, it is also possible to set up minimum euclidean distance model, it is also possible to set up minimum Chebyshev's distance model；
It is optimized calculating by microprocessor, solves the signal arrival bearing in characteristic frequency so that the aspect angle of deviation cumulant minimum is i.e. signal arrival bearing.
Claims (9)
1. the single pass optimization of multiple antennas is than width radio direction-finding system, it is characterised in that: include
At least Third Mate's known direction feature and order to beam antenna；
Switch for controlling to overpay beam antenna and monitor the electronic control radio frequency connected between reception equipment；
For receiving the radio signal that beam antenna receives, and the monitoring that the amplitude-frequency characteristic of the radio signal received is processed as single-frequency intensity data, discrete scan data, frequency sweep frequency spectrum data, FFT spectrum data or digital scan frequency spectrum data respectively receives equipment；
For being connected with monitoring reception equipment, and process single-frequency intensity data, discrete scan data, frequency sweep frequency spectrum data, FFT spectrum data or the digital scan frequency spectrum data that monitoring reception equipment records, carry out the microprocessor of direction-finding station；
Described monitoring reception equipment is set up two-way communication with microprocessor and is connected.
2. the single pass optimization of multiple antennas as claimed in claim 1 is than width radio direction-finding system, it is characterised in that: described beam antenna is the combination of one or more in log-periodic antenna, yagi aerial, electromagnetic horn, double-ridged horn antenna and complex loop antenna.
3. the single pass optimization of multiple antennas as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is than width radio direction-finding system, it is characterised in that: overpaying beam antenna the most identical, the angle between any two pairs of beam antennas is not more than the main beam width of beam antenna.
4. the single pass optimization of multiple antennas as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is than width radio direction-finding system, it is characterised in that: overpaying beam antenna and differ, the angle between any two pairs of neighboring directional antenna is not more than the meansigma methods of two pairs of beam antenna main beam widths.
5. the single pass optimization of multiple antennas as claimed in claim 1 is than width radio direction-finding system, it is characterised in that: radio direction-finding system also includes for being connected with microprocessor, measures the azimuthal electronic compass of beam antenna indication；Described electronic compass is connected with microprocessor two-way communication.
6. the single pass optimization of multiple antennas as described in claim 1-5 any one is than width radio direction-finding system, it is characterised in that: described monitoring reception equipment includes radio receiver, frequency sweep audiofrequency spectrometer or FFT spectrum instrument.
7. the single pass optimization of multiple antennas is than width wireless direction finding method, it is characterised in that:
By at least Third Mate's known direction feature and order to beam antenna, receive radio signal；
Overpay the connection between beam antenna and monitoring reception equipment by electronic control radio frequency on-off control, overpay beam antenna and connect with monitoring reception equipment in turn, in the radio signal transmission extremely monitoring reception equipment that beam antenna will receive；
Receive, by monitoring reception equipment, the radio signal that beam antenna receives, and the amplitude-frequency characteristic of the radio signal received is processed as single-frequency intensity data, discrete scan data, frequency sweep frequency spectrum data, FFT spectrum data or digital scan frequency spectrum data；
Receive monitoring reception equipment the single-frequency intensity data, discrete scan data, frequency sweep frequency spectrum data, FFT spectrum data or the digital scan frequency spectrum data that record by microprocessor and be analyzed, it is thus achieved that the measured signal intensity of characteristic frequency in different orientations；
Carry out optimization modeling in the microprocessor, with radio signal azimuth as decision variable, between the signal intensity that measured signal intensity and the direction character according to the beam antenna on this azimuth calculate in different orientations, the cumulant of deviation is as object function, sets up without constraint Nonlinear programming Model；
It is optimized calculating by microprocessor, solves the signal arrival bearing in characteristic frequency so that the aspect angle of deviation cumulant minimum is i.e. signal arrival bearing.
8. the single pass optimization of multiple antennas as claimed in claim 7 is than width wireless direction finding method, it is characterised in that: described is LEAST SQUARES MODELS FITTING or minimum distance method model without constraint Nonlinear programming Model.
9. the single pass optimization of multiple antennas as claimed in claim 8 is than width wireless direction finding method, it is characterised in that: described minimum distance method model includes minimum manhatton distance model, minimum euclidean distance model or minimum Chebyshev's distance model.
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| CN110474699A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2019-11-19 | 成都华日通讯技术有限公司 | A method of improving single channel amplitude-comprised direction-finding equipment direction finding speed |
| CN114727383A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2022-07-08 | 均联智行有限公司 | Determining a position of a first radio relative to a second radio |
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| CN105933078B (en) | 2019-02-05 |
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