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CN105882452A - Electric vehicle drive motor efficiency optimizing control method and system - Google Patents

Electric vehicle drive motor efficiency optimizing control method and system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105882452A
CN105882452A CN201610257097.3A CN201610257097A CN105882452A CN 105882452 A CN105882452 A CN 105882452A CN 201610257097 A CN201610257097 A CN 201610257097A CN 105882452 A CN105882452 A CN 105882452A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
vehicle
motor
torque
efficiency
point
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Pending
Application number
CN201610257097.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
吴浩
杨学青
高建平
苏常军
刘振楠
肖丹丹
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zhengzhou Yutong Bus Co Ltd
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Zhengzhou Yutong Bus Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Priority to CN201610257097.3A priority Critical patent/CN105882452A/en
Publication of CN105882452A publication Critical patent/CN105882452A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/20Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
    • B60L15/2045Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed for optimising the use of energy
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/42Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
    • B60L2240/421Speed
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/42Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
    • B60L2240/423Torque
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2250/00Driver interactions
    • B60L2250/26Driver interactions by pedal actuation
    • B60L2250/28Accelerator pedal thresholds
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72Electric energy management in electromobility

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an electric vehicle drive motor efficiency optimizing control method and system. In the invention, the vehicle driving mode is classified into a power mode and an economical mode according to the power battery remaining capacity state SOC value; when the vehicle power battery remaining capacity state SOC is greater than the set value, the vehicle is controlled to stay in the power mode, and the torque is output according to the motor torque required by the driver; and when the vehicle power battery remaining capacity state SOC is less than the set value, the vehicle is controlled to stay in the economical mode, and the motor is controlled according to current speed of the drive motor and the efficient-point torque corresponding to the motor torque required by the driver so as to drive the vehicle to run. In the invention, the motor can work near the efficient point more on the premise of guaranteeing the basic dynamic performance of the vehicle, the working efficiency is improved, the power consumption of the electric components is reduced, and the driving range of the pure electric vehicle can be effectively prolonged; and moreover, the designed loading capacity of the whole vehicle battery can be reduced, and the vehicle using cost is lowered.

Description

Efficiency optimization control method and system for driving motor of electric automobile
Technical Field
The invention relates to an efficiency optimization control method and system for a driving motor of an electric automobile, and belongs to the technical field of motor control of electric automobiles.
Background
The electric automobile can better solve the problems of shortage of petrochemical energy and environmental pollution, but bottlenecks such as short driving range, high battery cost and the like seriously restrict the development of the electric automobile, and as the national and local governments have corresponding subsidies in the field of new energy, the purchasing cost of the new energy automobile is not very high, so that users pay more attention to the use cost-power consumption of the electric automobile. The efficiency of the motor and the battery is improved from the perspective of key parts, the cost is considered, the research and development difficulty is high, and the period is long, so that the working efficiency of the motor is optimized on the premise of ensuring the basic performance of the automobile from the perspective of control, and the method becomes a good way for reducing the power consumption of the whole automobile.
The patent application No. 201410419998.9 discloses a method for matching and optimizing power requirements when a pure electric vehicle runs at a constant speed, which divides the vehicle speed into intervals, searches for a maximum efficiency working point of a power system in the interval where the current vehicle speed is located, and maintains the vehicle speed at the vehicle speed corresponding to the working point, so that the vehicle runs at the most economical vehicle speed in each vehicle speed interval. Although the method can realize the economical driving of the vehicle to a certain extent, the method is not suitable for road conditions with frequent acceleration and deceleration, such as urban congestion conditions and suburban roads, so that the applicable conditions are very limited, and the method does not distinguish the vehicle driving modes according to the SOC value.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a system for optimally controlling the efficiency of a driving motor of an electric automobile, which are used for solving the problem that the existing motor control is not suitable for road working conditions with frequent acceleration and deceleration.
The invention provides an efficiency optimization control method for a driving motor of an electric automobile, which aims to solve the technical problems and comprises the following steps:
1) collecting the state SOC of the residual electric quantity of the vehicle power battery, and judging whether the state SOC of the residual electric quantity of the vehicle power battery is larger than a set value or not;
2) if the current rotating speed of the driving motor is less than the set value, controlling the vehicle to run in an economic mode, namely controlling the motor according to the current rotating speed of the driving motor and the high-efficiency point torque corresponding to the motor torque required by the driver to drive the vehicle to run;
3) and if the SOC of the residual electric quantity state of the vehicle power battery is larger than a set value, controlling the vehicle to run in a power mode, namely controlling the driving motor to output torque according to the motor torque required by the driver so as to drive the vehicle to run.
The process for acquiring the high-efficiency point torque in the step 2) is as follows:
A. dividing the torque and the rotating speed of the motor into a working interval according to a set corresponding interval;
B. setting N working points in each interval, and carrying out motor system efficiency characteristic test on each working point;
C. and finding a working point with the highest motor efficiency in each interval, wherein the motor torque corresponding to the working point with the highest motor efficiency is the torque with the highest motor efficiency.
When the vehicle is running in the economy mode, the vehicle electrical accessories are derated or shut down.
When the vehicle slides in the economy mode, the motor is controlled to generate power according to the high-efficiency point torque.
When the vehicle brakes in the economy mode, the torque of the motor required by the driver is compared with the torque of the high-efficiency point, and the motor is controlled to drive the vehicle to run according to the larger torque of the motor and the torque of the high-efficiency point.
When the vehicle slides or brakes in a power mode, the power generation torque of the motor is determined according to the opening degree of a brake pedal and the current motor rotating speed by combining with real vehicle calibration, the superposition torque of the electric brake and the original air pressure brake can meet the requirements of an ECE brake regulation, and the motor is controlled to generate power according to the determined power generation torque.
The invention also provides an efficiency optimization control system of the driving motor of the electric automobile, which comprises a judgment module, an economic mode control module and a power mode control module,
the judging module is used for judging whether the state SOC of the residual electric quantity of the vehicle power battery is greater than a set value or not;
the economic mode control module is used for controlling the vehicle to run in an economic mode when the SOC is smaller than a set value, namely controlling the motor according to the current rotating speed of the driving motor and the high-efficiency point torque corresponding to the motor torque required by a driver, and driving the vehicle to run;
the power mode control module is used for controlling the vehicle to run in a power mode when the state SOC of the residual electric quantity of the power battery of the vehicle is larger than a set value, namely controlling the driving motor to output torque according to the motor torque required by a driver and driving the vehicle to run.
The obtaining process of the high-efficiency point torque in the economy mode control module is as follows:
a. dividing the torque and the rotating speed of the motor into a working interval according to a set corresponding interval;
b. setting N working points in each interval, and carrying out motor system efficiency characteristic test on each working point;
c. and finding a working point with the highest motor efficiency in each interval, wherein the motor torque corresponding to the working point with the highest motor efficiency is the torque with the highest motor efficiency.
The economy mode control module derates or shuts down vehicle electrical accessories when the vehicle is operating in an economy mode.
When the vehicle slides in the economic mode, the motor is controlled to generate power according to the high-efficiency point torque; when the vehicle brakes in the economy mode, the torque of the motor required by the driver is compared with the torque of the high-efficiency point, and the motor is controlled to drive the vehicle to run according to the larger torque of the motor and the torque of the high-efficiency point.
The invention has the advantages that the driving mode of the vehicle is divided into a power mode and an economic mode according to the state SOC of the residual electric quantity of the power battery, when the state SOC of the residual electric quantity of the power battery of the vehicle is more than a set value, the vehicle is controlled to be in the power mode, and the torque is output according to the motor torque required by a driver; when the state SOC of the residual electric quantity of the vehicle power battery is smaller than a set value, the vehicle is controlled to be in an economic mode, power reduction or closing processing is carried out on the electric accessories, the motor is controlled according to the current rotating speed of the driving motor and the high-efficiency point torque corresponding to the motor torque required by a driver, and the vehicle is driven to run. The invention can enable the motor to output torque with higher efficiency in the economic mode, and can simultaneously adapt to urban working conditions of frequent acceleration and deceleration and medium-high speed cruising working conditions. On the premise of ensuring the basic power performance of the vehicle, the motor can work near a high-efficiency point more, the working efficiency is improved, the power consumption of power utilization parts is reduced, the driving range of the pure electric vehicle can be effectively prolonged, the design loading capacity of a battery of the whole vehicle can be reduced, and the use cost of the vehicle is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an efficiency optimization control method for a driving motor of an electric vehicle;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an efficiency optimization control method for a driving motor of an electric vehicle.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
Embodiment of efficiency optimization control method for driving motor of electric automobile
According to the method, a vehicle running mode is divided into a power mode and an economic mode according to the state SOC of the remaining electric quantity of the power battery, and when the state SOC of the remaining electric quantity of the power battery of the vehicle is greater than a set value, the vehicle is controlled to be in the power mode, and torque output is carried out according to the motor torque required by a driver; when the state SOC of the residual electric quantity of the vehicle power battery is smaller than a set value, the vehicle is controlled to be in an economic mode, power reduction or closing processing is carried out on the electric accessories, the motor is controlled according to the current rotating speed of the driving motor and the high-efficiency point torque corresponding to the motor torque required by a driver, and the vehicle is driven to run. The optimization control method is shown in fig. 1, the implementation principle is shown in fig. 2, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:
1. and collecting the state SOC of the residual electric quantity of the vehicle power battery, and judging the state SOC of the residual electric quantity of the vehicle power battery to determine the running mode of the vehicle.
When the collected state SOC of the residual electric quantity of the vehicle power battery is larger than a set value, the vehicle is controlled to work in a power mode, and when the collected state SOC of the residual electric quantity of the vehicle power battery is smaller than the set value, the vehicle is controlled to work in an economic mode, wherein the set value in the embodiment is 30%.
2. When the vehicle works in an economic mode, the power of the electric accessory is reduced or the electric accessory is closed, the motor is controlled according to the current rotating speed of the driving motor and the high-efficiency point torque corresponding to the motor torque required by a driver, and the vehicle is driven to run.
The process of obtaining the high-efficiency point torque comprises the following steps:
A. and dividing the torque and the rotating speed of the motor into a working interval according to the set corresponding interval.
In the embodiment, a working interval is divided into 200Nm rotation speed per interval and 300rpm per interval of motor torque, and the working intervals are numbered, such as A1, A2, … and An.
B. And setting N working points in each interval, and testing the efficiency characteristic of the motor system at each working point.
The embodiment tests 6 working points (torque interval 100Nm speed interval 100rpm) in each working interval, such as P1(A1), P2(A1), … P6(A1) and …. And carrying out motor system efficiency characteristic test on each working point in each working interval.
C. And finding a working point with the highest motor efficiency in each interval, wherein the motor torque corresponding to the working point with the highest motor efficiency is the torque with the highest motor efficiency.
The calculation formula of the motor system efficiency is as follows:
ηsystem for controlling a power supply=ηElectric machine×ηController
In this embodiment, the operating point with the highest motor efficiency in each operating interval is found, such as Pmax (a1), Pmax (a2), …, and Pmax (an).
When the vehicle runs in the economic mode, the vehicle control unit calculates the motor torque T _ Drive required by a driver at present according to the collected current rotating speed n _ Mot of the motor and an opening degree signal of an accelerator pedal, determines a working interval Am where the current rotating speed of the motor and the required motor torque are located, then searches for a maximum efficiency working point Pmax (Am, n _ Mot) at the current rotating speed in the working interval, and uses the motor torque corresponding to the maximum efficiency working point as a motor output torque T _ Economy, namely a high efficiency point torque to Drive the vehicle to run. Wherein,
T_Economy=T{Pmax(Am,n_Mot)};
when the vehicle slides in the economic mode, the vehicle control unit inquires the working interval of the motor at the rotating speed according to the current rotating speed of the motor, inquires the highest-efficiency working point at the rotating speed in the working interval and the corresponding motor torque, and sends a sliding feedback torque command to the motor controller to generate power.
When the vehicle brakes in the economic mode, the vehicle control unit inquires a working interval of the motor at the rotating speed according to the current rotating speed of the motor, inquires a highest-efficiency working point at the rotating speed in the working interval, and corresponding motor torque, compares the torque required by a driver with the torque at the high-efficiency point, takes a larger value, sends a torque command to the motor controller, and the motor responds to the torque command and drives the vehicle to run.
T_Brake_Commd=Max{T_Brake,T_Economy}
3. When the vehicle works in a power mode, the driving motor is controlled to output torque according to the motor torque required by a driver, and the vehicle is driven to run.
When the vehicle runs in a power mode, the torque required by the driver is calculated according to the opening degree of an accelerator pedal and the peak torque of the motor at the current rotating speed, the torque command is sent to the motor controller, and the motor controller controls the motor according to the torque required by the driver to drive the vehicle to run. When the vehicle slides or brakes in a power mode, the power generation torque of the motor is determined according to the opening degree of a brake pedal and the current motor rotating speed and by combining with actual vehicle calibration, the superposition torque of the electric brake and the original air pressure brake can meet the requirements of an ECE brake regulation, the torque command is sent to the motor controller, and the motor is controlled by the motor controller to generate power according to the set power generation torque.
T_Drive=AccPed_Raw×T_max(n_Mot)
Embodiment of efficiency optimization control system for driving motor of electric automobile
The control system of the embodiment comprises a judging module, an economic mode control module and a power mode control module, wherein the judging module is used for judging whether the state SOC of the residual electric quantity of the vehicle power battery is greater than a set value; the economic mode control module is used for controlling the vehicle to run in an economic mode when the SOC is smaller than a set value, namely controlling the motor according to the current rotating speed of the driving motor and the high-efficiency point torque corresponding to the motor torque required by a driver, and driving the vehicle to run; the power mode control module is used for controlling the vehicle to run in a power mode when the state SOC of the residual electric quantity of the power battery of the vehicle is larger than a set value, namely controlling the driving motor to output torque according to the motor torque required by a driver and driving the vehicle to run. The implementation process of each module has been described in detail in the embodiment of the method, and is not described herein again.

Claims (10)

1. The method for optimizing and controlling the efficiency of the driving motor of the electric automobile is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) collecting the state SOC of the residual electric quantity of the vehicle power battery, and judging whether the state SOC of the residual electric quantity of the vehicle power battery is larger than a set value or not;
2) if the current rotating speed of the driving motor is less than the set value, controlling the vehicle to run in an economic mode, namely controlling the motor according to the current rotating speed of the driving motor and the high-efficiency point torque corresponding to the motor torque required by the driver to drive the vehicle to run;
3) and if the SOC of the residual electric quantity state of the vehicle power battery is larger than a set value, controlling the vehicle to run in a power mode, namely controlling the driving motor to output torque according to the motor torque required by the driver so as to drive the vehicle to run.
2. The efficiency optimization control method for the driving motor of the electric automobile according to claim 1, wherein the high-efficiency point torque obtaining process in the step 2) is as follows:
A. dividing the torque and the rotating speed of the motor into a working interval according to a set corresponding interval;
B. setting N working points in each interval, and carrying out motor system efficiency characteristic test on each working point;
C. and finding a working point with the highest motor efficiency in each interval, wherein the motor torque corresponding to the working point with the highest motor efficiency is the torque with the highest motor efficiency.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the vehicle electrical accessories are derated or shut down while the vehicle is operating in the economy mode.
4. The efficiency optimization control method of the driving motor of the electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the motor is controlled to generate power according to the high-efficiency-point torque when the vehicle coasts in the economy mode.
5. The efficiency optimization control method of the driving motor of the electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein when the vehicle brakes in the economy mode, the driver required motor torque is compared with the high-efficiency point torque, and the driving of the driving motor vehicle is controlled according to the larger torque of the two.
6. The method for optimally controlling the efficiency of the driving motor of the electric automobile according to claim 1, is characterized in that when the automobile slides or brakes in a power mode, the generating torque of the motor is determined according to the opening degree of a brake pedal and the current rotating speed of the motor and by combining with actual vehicle calibration, the superimposed torque of the electric brake and the original air pressure brake can meet the requirement of an ECE brake regulation, and the motor is controlled to generate power according to the determined generating torque.
7. An efficiency optimization control system of a driving motor of an electric automobile is characterized by comprising a judgment module, an economic mode control module and a power mode control module,
the judging module is used for judging whether the state SOC of the residual electric quantity of the vehicle power battery is greater than a set value or not;
the economic mode control module is used for controlling the vehicle to run in an economic mode when the SOC is smaller than a set value, namely controlling the motor according to the current rotating speed of the driving motor and the high-efficiency point torque corresponding to the motor torque required by a driver, and driving the vehicle to run;
the power mode control module is used for controlling the vehicle to run in a power mode when the state SOC of the residual electric quantity of the power battery of the vehicle is larger than a set value, namely controlling the driving motor to output torque according to the motor torque required by a driver and driving the vehicle to run.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the obtaining of the high-efficiency-point torque in the economy mode control module is as follows:
a. dividing the torque and the rotating speed of the motor into a working interval according to a set corresponding interval;
b. setting N working points in each interval, and carrying out motor system efficiency characteristic test on each working point;
c. and finding a working point with the highest motor efficiency in each interval, wherein the motor torque corresponding to the working point with the highest motor efficiency is the torque with the highest motor efficiency.
9. The system of claim 7, wherein the economy mode control module derates or shuts down vehicle electrical accessories when the vehicle is operating in the economy mode.
10. The efficiency optimization control system of the driving motor of the electric automobile according to claim 8, characterized in that when the vehicle is coasting in the economy mode, the motor is controlled to generate power according to the high-efficiency-point torque; when the vehicle brakes in the economy mode, the torque of the motor required by the driver is compared with the torque of the high-efficiency point, and the motor is controlled to drive the vehicle to run according to the larger torque of the motor and the torque of the high-efficiency point.
CN201610257097.3A 2016-04-22 2016-04-22 Electric vehicle drive motor efficiency optimizing control method and system Pending CN105882452A (en)

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