CN105824326A - Solar power bus stop automatic sun-shading system and control method - Google Patents
Solar power bus stop automatic sun-shading system and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105824326A CN105824326A CN201610288855.8A CN201610288855A CN105824326A CN 105824326 A CN105824326 A CN 105824326A CN 201610288855 A CN201610288855 A CN 201610288855A CN 105824326 A CN105824326 A CN 105824326A
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- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
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- G05D3/12—Control of position or direction using feedback
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Abstract
The invention discloses a solar power bus stop automatic sun-shading system and control method, and belongs to the technical field of bus stops. The system includes a photovoltaic power supply module, an intelligent control module and a driving module. A sun shield of a bus stop uses a solar battery pack, photovoltaic conversion is performed on solar energy and electric energy is stored in a storage battery, and electricity is generated; the intelligent control module is connected with the photovoltaic power supply module, tracks a solar elevation angle and azimuth angle, measures a deviation of a solar ray and a tracking device, and adjusts the position of the sun shield; and the driving module is connected with the sun shield and the intelligent control module, and drives the sun shield to move according to an adjustment instruction of the intelligent control module, so as to adjust the position of the sun shield. The solar power bus stop automatic sun-shading system combines a photovoltaic cell assembly and the sun shield of the bus stop, adjusts a sun-shading angle of the sun shield according to the angle of the solar ray, solves the problem that the utilization rate is low when a solar panel of the bus stop is fixed, and has the advantage of being energy-saving and environment-friendly.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to bus platform technical field, relate to energy-saving solar direction, be specifically related to a kind of solar energy bus platform automatic sunshade system and control method.
Background technology
Along with socioeconomic development, the life of people achieves modernization day by day, increase along with household electrical appliance, demand for electric power is the most increasing, thus either enterprise also lives and all occurs in that the situation of shortage of electric power, science and technology is constantly developing rapidly at present, and people start exploitation and use new and renewable sources of energy；In the exploitation of new and renewable sources of energy, solar energy is then one of inexhaustible, nexhaustible new forms of energy, and solar energy does not results in environmental pollution also can saves energy.
Recently solar energy is more and more applied on bus platform, replace traditional mains-supplied, save the energy, but current bus platform ceiling is substantially fixing, because it is narrow, when the sun arrives certain angle, have no idea to reach shade function, the reception of sunlight is limited, and when sunlight is penetrated partially, weak being not enough to of light that solar panels receive produces energy, solar energy conversion ratio is low, the compensation needing civil power uses, the normal illumination function of guarantee bus platform, it is impossible to fully demonstrate the energy-conservation purpose of solar energy.
Summary of the invention
According to above the deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved is to propose a kind of solar energy bus platform automatic sunshade system and control method, by photovoltaic cell component is combined with the sunshade panel of bus platform, the sunshading board of the angular adjustment sun shading angle according to sunray, solve bus platform solar panels and fix the problem that utilization rate is low, the advantage with energy-conserving and environment-protective.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of solar energy bus platform automatic sunshade system, described automatic sunshade system includes: photovoltaic power supply module, the sunshading board of bus platform uses solar battery group, solar energy, is generated electricity by opto-electronic conversion storage electric energy in accumulator；Intelligent control module, intelligent control module connects photovoltaic power supply module, follows the tracks of sun altitude and azimuth, measures sunray and follows the tracks of the deviation of device, adjusting the position of sunshading board；Drive module, drive module to connect sunshading board and intelligent control module, according to the adjustment order-driven sun visor movement of intelligent control module, adjust sun visor position.
In said system, described solar battery group includes protection circuit, multiple battery component serializer circuit and bypass diode, and each battery component serializer circuit connects a bypass diode, parallel connection protection circuit after battery component serializer circuit inline bypass diode.Described battery component serializer circuit is made up of multiple solar module circuit connected in series, and solar module circuit includes solar module and anti-reverse charging diode, and anti-reverse charging diodes in parallel is at the two ends of solar module.Described intelligent control module is provided with comparison circuit, amplifying circuit and controller, solar battery group is provided with heat collector, follow the tracks of in device and be provided with light sensor, light sensor, comparison circuit and amplifying circuit are sequentially connected with transmission signal, amplifying circuit sends a signal to controller, and the outfan of controller connects driving module.Described light sensor includes cylindrical housing and multiple light resistance, and the outer symmetrical of cylindrical housing arranges four light resistances, and the internal symmetry of cylindrical housing arranges four light resistances.Being provided with chronotron in described controller, in chronotron, input extends the time value of reaction.Described controller is provided with wind speed induction apparatus, rainfall induction apparatus and temperature inductor.
The control method of a kind of solar energy bus platform automatic sunshade system, described method step includes: step one, the incident sunray of detection and the deviation value of tracking device key light between centers；What whether step 2, judgment bias value exceeded setting closes value, if not above, drive module to need not adjust the position of sunshading board；If deviation value exceedes closes value, module is driven to adjust the position of sunshading board；Step 3, judge that sunray is the most parallel with heat collector optical axis；If parallel, then drive module stop motion；If not parallel, repeat step 2.
In said method, device of following the tracks of in described step one carries out double-axis tracking to elevation angle and the azimuth of the sun, follow the tracks of in device and be provided with cylindrical housing in light sensor, in the outside of cylindrical housing, east-west direction is symmetrical arranged a pair light resistance for detecting the deflection angle that the sun is moved westerly by east；North and South direction is symmetrical arranged another to light resistance for detecting the apparent altitude of the sun, and the internal four direction of cylindrical housing is provided with four light resistances for accurately detecting deflection angle and the apparent altitude of the sun.The detection method of described step one large deviations value concretely comprises the following steps: when sunray is irradiated on sensor with the direction vertical with sensor board, and the illuminance that two groups of light resistances on same direction receive is identical, and the output valve of comparison circuit is zero；When one less angle of sunlight offset from perpendicular, the deviation value signal of the light resistance detection sunray within light sensor；Signal amplified feeding controller, controls sunshading board and adjusts the angle of the sun optical pickup apparatus arranged on sunshading board, until sun optical pickup apparatus is directed at the sun；When sunlight one bigger angle of deviation, the light resistance within light sensor does not receives sunlight, the illumination difference signal of the light resistance detection sunray outside light sensor, and this signal amplified feeding controller controls sunshading board and starts to adjust.
The medicine have the advantages that the present invention changes the sunshading ceiling that tradition bus platform is fixing, photovoltaic cell component is combined with the sunshade panel of bus platform, solar energy can be utilized to generate electricity, energy-conserving and environment-protective according to the intelligent shading system of sunray regulation sun shading angle.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below the content expressed by this specification accompanying drawing and the labelling in figure are briefly described:
Fig. 1 is the operation principle block diagram of the solar energy bus platform automatic sunshade system of the detailed description of the invention of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the operation principle block diagram of the photovoltaic power supply module of the detailed description of the invention of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the solar battery array schematic diagram of the detailed description of the invention of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the circuit theory diagrams of the solar module of the detailed description of the invention of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the tracking principle of device schematic diagram of the detailed description of the invention of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the front view of the light sensor of the detailed description of the invention of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the top view of the light sensor of the detailed description of the invention of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the four phase step motor fundamental diagram of the detailed description of the invention of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below against accompanying drawing, by the description to embodiment, the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is such as mutual alignment and annexation, the effect of each several part and operation principle, the manufacturing process between the involved shape of each component, structure, each several part and operates with method etc., it is described in further detail, to help those skilled in the art that inventive concept, the technical scheme of the present invention are had more complete, accurate and deep understanding.
Solar energy bus platform automatic sunshade system, as shown in Figure 1, system includes photovoltaic power supply module, intelligent control module and the driving module being sequentially connected with, in photovoltaic power supply module, solar module is utilized to generate electricity, the sunshading board of light bus platform uses solar battery group, solar energy stores electric energy in accumulator by opto-electronic conversion, generate electricity, intelligent control module follows the tracks of sun altitude and azimuth, measuring sunray and follow the tracks of the deviation of device, output adjusts instruction to the position driving module to adjust sunshading board.Drive module to connect sunshading board and intelligent control module, according to the adjustment order-driven sun visor movement of intelligent control module, adjust sun visor position.
Photovoltaic power supply module is to directly utilize solar energy, and is carried out the system generated electricity by opto-electronic conversion, including solar battery group, solar control unit and three parts of accumulator battery, as shown in Figure 2.In order to meet high voltage, bigger powerful power generation requirements in the present invention, and match with controller for solar, some solar pond assemblies are connected by series and parallel, and by certain mechanical system fixed Combination together, it is equipped with the elements such as anti-reverse charging (counterflow-preventing) diode, bypass diode, cable and constitutes " solar battery array ", its overall diagram as it is shown on figure 3, circuit theory as shown in Figure 4.Each battery is equipped with a bypass diode can be prohibitively expensive, so diode is connected to the two ends of a Battery pack, native system takes around 2～3 and ensures that assembly is not destroyed by focus.
Solar battery group includes protection circuit, solar module T, anti-reverse charging diode Db and bypass diode Ds; anti-reverse charging diode Db is connected in parallel on the two ends of solar module T and constitutes solar module circuit; battery component serializer circuit is formed after multiple solar module circuit connected in series; parallel connection protection circuit after each battery component serializer circuit one bypass diode Ds of series connection; protection circuit is formed by connecting by bypass diode Ds and inductance LP, by protection circuit output voltage.
Solar control unit in photovoltaic power supply module, selecting German phocos controller for solar CXN20 (band adnexa CXM), the CXN series solar charging/discharging controller of a new generation is common negative pole version and its moderate cost of the CX Series Controller of phocos company classics.CXN, in addition to 3 stages (fill by force/absorb and fill/floating charge) the PWM regulation of series charging modes with band temperature-compensating, also has liquid crystal display, and programmable load controls function and perfect defencive function.The liquid crystal display of CXN is in addition to can showing the dump energy of accumulator, it is also possible to the charge and discharge state of display system and the state (such as: overload, short circuit, low pressure disconnection etc.) of load.The storage battery low-voltage protection of CXN controller has five kinds of patterns optional: Control of Voltage (two kinds), SOC controls (two kinds), self adaptation SOC control model.CXN controller also has sound alarm function, and the load of flexible programmable controls function, CNX controller performance such as table 1.
Table 1:CNX controller performance table
| Model | CXN20 |
| Rated charge stream | 20A |
| Nominal load current | 20A |
| Rated voltage | 12/24v |
| From consuming electric current | <6mA |
| Size | 92×93×39mm |
| Weight | 175g |
| Degree of protection | H22 |
Accumulator battery in photovoltaic power supply module is still can normally to work for loading in the case of ensureing the continuous subaverage of solar irradiation, is an important ingredient of independent photovoltaic supply module.Power consumption according to load, the generated energy of solar battery group, native system have employed eagle spy valve controlled sealed lead-acid accumulator FM200.And in view of the expandability of system, in order to preferably absorb generated power of solar cell, reserved many 24VDC30W, run DC load power consumption hourly.Using the self-supporting natural law of 3 days, and use deep cycle battery, depth of discharge is 50%, so system accumulator uses the form of 2 12V200AH series connection.
Intelligent control module is provided with tracking device, comparison circuit, amplifying circuit and controller, solar battery group is provided with heat collector, follow the tracks of device and select photo-electric sun tracker, light sensor is used to measure incident sunray and follow the tracks of the deviation of device key light between centers, light sensor, comparison circuit and amplifying circuit are sequentially connected with transmission signal, amplifying circuit sends a signal to controller, and the outfan of controller connects driving module.Light sensor is used to measure incident sunray and follow the tracks of the deviation of device key light between centers, when deviation exceedes when closing value of setting, module is driven to adjust the position of sunshading board, until making sunray the most parallel with heat collector optical axis, realize sun altitude and azimuthal tracking, this tracker can eliminate error by feedback, controls relatively accurate, and its operation principle is as shown in Figure 5.
As shown in Figures 6 and 7, light sensor includes cylindrical housing and multiple light resistance, and the outer symmetrical of cylindrical housing arranges four light resistances, and the internal symmetry of cylindrical housing arranges four light resistances.Cylindrical outer, east, south, west, north four direction are respectively arranged 4 light resistances；One pair of which light resistance (P1, P3) thing is symmetrically mounted on the both sides of cylinder, the deflection angle i.e. azimuth moved westerly by east for the rough detection sun；Another is symmetrically mounted on the both sides of cylinder to light resistance (P2, P4) north and south, is used for the rough apparent altitude i.e. elevation angle detecting the sun；Cylinder interior, east, south, west, north four direction are also respectively arranged 4 light resistances；One pair of which light resistance (P5, P7) thing is symmetrically mounted on the inner side of cylinder, is used for the deflection angle that accurately the detection sun is moved westerly by east；Another is symmetrically mounted on the inner side of cylinder to light resistance (P6, P8) north and south, is used for accurately detecting the apparent altitude of the sun.
Follow the tracks of device and elevation angle and the azimuth of the sun are carried out double-axis tracking, when sunray is irradiated on sensor with the direction vertical with sensor board, two groups of light resistance (P1, P3), the illuminance that (P5, P7) receives is identical, and the output valve of comparison circuit is zero.When one less angle of sunlight offset from perpendicular, (Pl, P3) this pair light resistance may be affected by ambient diffusing light, will not reflect the change of sunray；And (P5, P7) this pair light resistance receives the cylinder shielding protection to ambient diffusing light, the illumination that they receive there will be difference, here it is offset signal.This signal amplified feeding control unit, controller is started working, and controls sunshading board and adjusts the angle of sun optical pickup apparatus, until sun optical pickup apparatus is directed at the sun.Sun optical pickup apparatus is a part for solar module, and solar module is contained in the top of sunshading board, and sunshading board is the carrier of battery component but is the effect playing shading simultaneously, so with sunshading board acute pyogenic infection of finger tip solar module in the present invention.When sunlight deviate from a bigger angle, the sensor in cylinder may not receive sunlight, and the sensor outside cylinder just can reflect illumination difference, this signal amplified feeding control unit, controls sunshading board and starts working.The tracking ultimate principle of elevation angle and working method are similar, simultaneously need to consider the hommization angles such as sun-shading requirements, control the marginal value of angle.
Controller in intelligent control module is controller based on weather, it it is a complete climatological station system, device has wind speed, rainfall, temperature inductor and chronotron, in chronotron, input extends the time value of reaction, controller has inputted base program and has included wind-force and extend the data in response time before dispatching from the factory, these data can be according to local and required and change at any time.And " extending the response time " this function makes sunshading board structure will not make a response at once because of the slight change of sunlight, thus controls sunshading board and make correct regulation at sleet and strong wind weather.
Driving module in the present invention uses four phase step motor to carry out the regulation of bus platform sunshading board angle, corner by intelligent control module regulation motor, the mode simultaneously using two motors to combine, makes the deflection of sunshading board and horizontal angle be attained by larger angle.As shown in Figure 8, motor is the opened loop control element that electric impulse signal is changed into angular displacement or displacement of the lines.In the case of non-overload, the rotating speed of motor, the position of stopping are solely dependent upon frequency and the umber of pulse of pulse signal, and are not changed by load and affected, and i.e. add a pulse signal to motor, and motor then turns over a step angle.The existence of this linear relationship, adds that motor only has periodic error and the most suitable for the regulation of sunshading board angle without features such as cumulative errors.
The control method of solar energy bus platform automatic sunshade system, method step includes:
Step one, the incident sunray of detection and the deviation value of tracking device key light between centers.Following the tracks of device and elevation angle and the azimuth of the sun are carried out double-axis tracking, follow the tracks of in device and be provided with cylindrical housing in light sensor, in the outside of cylindrical housing, east-west direction is symmetrical arranged a pair light resistance for detecting the deflection angle that the sun is moved westerly by east；North and South direction is symmetrical arranged another to light resistance for detecting the apparent altitude of the sun, and the internal four direction of cylindrical housing is provided with four light resistances for accurately detecting deflection angle and the apparent altitude of the sun.
The detection method of deviation value concretely comprises the following steps: when sunray is irradiated on sensor with the direction vertical with sensor board, and the illuminance that two groups of light resistances on same direction receive is identical, and the output valve of comparison circuit is zero；When one less angle of sunlight offset from perpendicular, the deviation value signal of the light resistance detection sunray within light sensor；Signal amplified feeding controller, controls sunshading board and adjusts the angle of sun optical pickup apparatus, until sun optical pickup apparatus is directed at the sun；When sunlight one bigger angle of deviation, the light resistance within light sensor does not receives sunlight, the illumination difference signal of the light resistance detection sunray outside light sensor, and this signal amplified feeding controller controls sunshading board and starts to adjust.
What whether step 2, judgment bias value exceeded setting closes value, if not above, drive module to need not adjust the position of sunshading board；If deviation value exceedes closes value, module is driven to adjust the position of sunshading board.
Step 3, judge that sunray is the most parallel with heat collector optical axis；If parallel, then drive module stop motion；If not parallel, repeat step 2 until sunray is parallel with heat collector optical axis.The present invention changes the sunshading ceiling that tradition bus platform is fixing, according to the intelligent shading system of sunray regulation sun shading angle, utilizes solar energy to generate electricity, energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Above in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is exemplarily described; obviously the present invention implements and is not subject to the restrictions described above; if the improvement of the various unsubstantialities that the method design that have employed the present invention is carried out with technical scheme; or the most improved design by the present invention and technical scheme directly apply to other occasion, all within protection scope of the present invention.Protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain that claims are limited.
Claims (10)
1. a solar energy bus platform automatic sunshade system, it is characterised in that described automatic sunshade system includes:
Photovoltaic power supply module, the sunshading board of bus platform uses solar battery group, and solar energy, is generated electricity by opto-electronic conversion storage electric energy in accumulator；
Intelligent control module, intelligent control module connects photovoltaic power supply module, follows the tracks of sun altitude and azimuth, measures sunray and follows the tracks of the deviation of device, adjusting the position of sunshading board；
Drive module, drive module to connect sunshading board and intelligent control module, according to the adjustment order-driven sun visor movement of intelligent control module, adjust sun visor position.
Solar energy bus platform automatic sunshade system the most according to claim 1; it is characterized in that; described solar battery group includes protection circuit, multiple battery component serializer circuit and bypass diode; each battery component serializer circuit connects a bypass diode, parallel connection protection circuit after battery component serializer circuit inline bypass diode.
Solar energy bus platform automatic sunshade system the most according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described battery component serializer circuit is made up of multiple solar module circuit connected in series, solar module circuit includes solar module and anti-reverse charging diode, and anti-reverse charging diodes in parallel is at the two ends of solar module.
Solar energy bus platform automatic sunshade system the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described intelligent control module is provided with comparison circuit, amplifying circuit and controller, solar battery group is provided with heat collector, follow the tracks of in device and be provided with light sensor, light sensor, comparison circuit and amplifying circuit are sequentially connected with transmission signal, and amplifying circuit sends a signal to controller, and the outfan of controller connects driving module.
Solar energy bus platform automatic sunshade system the most according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described light sensor includes cylindrical housing and multiple light resistance, and the outer symmetrical of cylindrical housing arranges four light resistances, and the internal symmetry of cylindrical housing arranges four light resistances.
Solar energy bus platform automatic sunshade system the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that be provided with chronotron in described controller, in chronotron, input extends the time value of reaction.
Solar energy bus platform automatic sunshade system the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that be provided with wind speed induction apparatus, rainfall induction apparatus and temperature inductor in described controller.
8. the control method of a solar energy bus platform automatic sunshade system, it is characterised in that described method step includes:
Step one, the incident sunray of detection and the deviation value of tracking device key light between centers；
What whether step 2, judgment bias value exceeded setting closes value, if not above, drive module to need not adjust the position of sunshading board；If deviation value exceedes closes value, module is driven to adjust the position of sunshading board；
Step 3, judge that sunray is the most parallel with heat collector optical axis；If parallel, then drive module stop motion；If not parallel, repeat step 2.
The control method of solar energy bus platform automatic sunshade system the most according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, device of following the tracks of in described step one carries out double-axis tracking to elevation angle and the azimuth of the sun, follow the tracks of in device and be provided with cylindrical housing in light sensor, in the outside of cylindrical housing, east-west direction is symmetrical arranged a pair light resistance for detecting the deflection angle that the sun is moved westerly by east；North and South direction is symmetrical arranged another to light resistance for detecting the apparent altitude of the sun, and the internal four direction of cylindrical housing is provided with four light resistances for accurately detecting deflection angle and the apparent altitude of the sun.
The control method of solar energy bus platform automatic sunshade system the most according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, the detection method of described step one large deviations value concretely comprises the following steps: when sunray is irradiated on sensor with the direction vertical with sensor board, the illuminance that two groups of light resistances on same direction receive is identical, and the output valve of comparison circuit is zero；When one less angle of sunlight offset from perpendicular, the deviation value signal of the light resistance detection sunray within light sensor；Signal amplified feeding controller, controls sunshading board and adjusts the angle of the sun optical pickup apparatus arranged on sunshading board, until sun optical pickup apparatus is directed at the sun；When sunlight one bigger angle of deviation, the light resistance within light sensor does not receives sunlight, the illumination difference signal of the light resistance detection sunray outside light sensor, and this signal amplified feeding controller controls sunshading board and starts to adjust.
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| CN106838802A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-06-13 | 大连大学 | Camping tent multifuctional solar lamp |
| CN107719135A (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2018-02-23 | 佛山市光洁士新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of electric sightseeing vehicle using photovoltaic cell as supplement power supply |
| CN107740606A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-02-27 | 赵斌 | One kind is based on photovoltaic generation intelligent bus shelter |
| CN109525179A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-03-26 | 陕西盛高电力建设工程有限责任公司 | Intelligent southern exposure photovoltaic bracket without Geometric Modeling |
| CN111007882A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-04-14 | 杭州中科先进技术研究院有限公司 | Solar panel control system |
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| CN111158404A (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2020-05-15 | 重庆特斯联智慧科技股份有限公司 | Building facade lighting intelligent shielding system and method based on Internet of things |
| CN115079550A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2022-09-20 | 斯沃奇集团研究和开发有限公司 | Solar watch comprising a shading device |
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