CN105804725B - Petroleum underground non-contact ultrasonic liquid level monitoring system - Google Patents
Petroleum underground non-contact ultrasonic liquid level monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105804725B CN105804725B CN201410848458.2A CN201410848458A CN105804725B CN 105804725 B CN105804725 B CN 105804725B CN 201410848458 A CN201410848458 A CN 201410848458A CN 105804725 B CN105804725 B CN 105804725B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a non-contact ultrasonic liquid level monitoring system in an oil well, and relates to the technical field of liquid level detection devices in the oil well; the ultrasonic liquid level detectors are connected with the inner sleeve, the lower ends of the ultrasonic liquid level detectors are connected with the coupling, and the lower ends of the coupling are connected with the other inner sleeve; the ultrasonic liquid level detector comprises an integrated supporting sleeve seat, an ultrasonic transmitting and receiving integrated circuit board, an ultrasonic transmitting sensor and an ultrasonic receiving sensor, wherein the integrated supporting sleeve seat is provided with a special-shaped groove communicated with the inner sleeve; the ultrasonic liquid level detector is connected with a steel pipe cable, the steel pipe cable is electrically connected to the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving integrated circuit board, the other end of the steel pipe cable is connected to a branching and converging joint, and the branching and converging joint is electrically connected with a ground power supply system, a data acquisition processor and a monitoring system respectively; the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: in the technical scheme of the invention, the medium to be judged is non-contact, the self structure of the inner sleeve is not required to be destroyed to sample the medium, and the liquid level condition of the relevant monitoring point position can be monitored in real time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to liquid level monitoring equipment for petroleum and natural gas drilling, in particular to a non-contact ultrasonic liquid level monitoring system for petroleum underground.
Background
In oil and gas exploration and exploitation drilling, drilling mud is used for cooling a drill bit, implementing jet drilling and taking rock cut by the drill bit at the bottom of the well from the bottom of the well to the ground, and in addition, the density of the drilling mud can be adjusted to balance the mud liquid column of the annulus of the well with the pressure in the well, so that possible blowout accidents can be prevented by the balance. During the tripping process, when the drilling tool is lifted, the liquid level of the shaft is lowered, the lowering height of the liquid level is proportional to the number (length) of the tripping drill rods, and the volume of the drilling mud to be supplemented is also equivalent to the volume of the tripping drill rods, and the drilling mud is injected into the shaft through the mud injection device.
The conventional drilling mud filling device comprises a main controller, a mud tank with a stirrer, a liquid level monitor of the mud tank, a filling mechanism comprising a mud pump, a motor, an electric cabinet and a flow sensor, and an overflow return mechanism. The method for pouring is that the number of drill rods is calculated manually during the process of starting the drill, then the drill rods are input into a host machine for processing, a pouring instruction and the volume of mud to be poured into are sent to a pouring mechanism, the pouring instruction and the volume of mud to be poured into are executed and metered through a mud pump and a flow sensor arranged at the pump port, and meanwhile, information is fed back to the host machine to control the pouring amount of the drill rods.
Normally, the slurry flowing out of the slurry pond and the slurry flowing in are balanced. If an imbalance occurs, this will mean that a blow out or lost circulation will occur. When the liquid level of the slurry in the shaft is reduced, the slurry is accurately poured in time, so that the depth change of the underground drilling liquid level is necessary to be monitored in real time.
In most cases, the liquid level monitoring under the petroleum well is carried out by judging and identifying the liquid level according to manual experience, and the liquid level cannot be monitored in real time, so that the method is neither scientific nor exact.
The liquid level of the mud pit is measured, a float type liquid level detector and a scale with scales are generally adopted in the prior art, a driller is required to manually observe, record and compare, and then whether overflow or lost circulation occurs is judged. Thus, under normal conditions, the amount of mud pumped downhole from the mud tank should be substantially equal to the amount of mud returned downhole, but when lost circulation is encountered, the mud returned downhole is lost little or completely, and the mud level in the mud tank is rapidly lowered; or when the well kick is generated due to the sudden high pressure in the well, the upward pressure in the well pushes the slurry in the well annulus to kick upwards and enter the slurry tank, and the slurry level in the slurry tank can rise rapidly; when the two conditions occur, if the plugging of the grouting slurry or the implementation of well killing by the weighting slurry cannot be found and adopted in time, serious accidents are caused. In order to know the height of the liquid level in the mud tank in time, the basic method at present is to arrange personnel to detect the liquid level in the mud tank at any time when the liquid level reaches a preset level, a liquid level display is arranged on the mud tank, the other end of the display is connected with a floater through a soft rope, when the liquid level is at a set height, the floater is just floated, the reading on the display is at the set position, and when the liquid level is lowered or exceeds the set height, the display is pulled by the floater to downwards or upwards display dangerous liquid level; and the liquid level is tested by adopting sound waves or light, and an alarm is given when the upper limit and the lower limit of the liquid level are exceeded. The problems of these devices are that the former is connected by a soft rope, so that the measured liquid level is inaccurate and false alarm sometimes occurs; the latter, although using modern technology, all devices are electronic products which are easily damaged when used in the harsh environment of the drilling site, especially when the mud tank is cleaned, the electronic products are inevitably damaged, and the maintenance cost is also very expensive, and the maintenance must be completed by a professional technician.
In addition, the slurry tank has large volume, and after the well kick or the well leakage occurs, the liquid level of the slurry tank changes slowly, so that the well kick and the well leakage accident can not be monitored sensitively. Thus, a system for rapid, sensitive monitoring of mud is needed.
For the slurry liquid level in a shaft, no mature and reliable technology is used for accurately and real-time monitoring at present, the underground liquid level detection cannot be directly carried out by utilizing the ultrasonic principle, and non-contact application cannot be realized. Liquid media have also been studied abroad using ultrasound. However, even short-range transmission of ultrasonic signals is very difficult due to the scattering and absorption properties of drilling fluids (muds), especially oil-based muds, for ultrasonic waves.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to effectively overcome the defects of the technology, and provides a non-contact ultrasonic liquid level monitoring system for an underground petroleum well, which does not need to destroy the self structure of an inner sleeve to sample media, does not need to additionally process and change the inner sleeve, and can monitor the liquid level condition of a relevant monitoring point in real time.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the ultrasonic liquid level detector comprises a plurality of ultrasonic liquid level detectors, and the principle and the implementation scheme are as follows: the upper end of the ultrasonic liquid level detector is connected to the inner sleeve, the lower end of the ultrasonic liquid level detector is connected to the coupling, and the lower end of the coupling is connected with the other inner sleeve; the ultrasonic liquid level detector is used for following the inner sleeve to descend, and the descending depth is the depth of the liquid level (or gas) at the detection point, so that the real-time monitoring of the liquid level of the drilling well is realized.
The ultrasonic liquid level detector comprises an integrated supporting sleeve seat, an ultrasonic transmitting and receiving integrated circuit board, an ultrasonic transmitting sensor and an ultrasonic receiving sensor which are electrically connected with the integrated supporting sleeve seat, wherein the ultrasonic transmitting sensor and the ultrasonic receiving sensor are oppositely arranged at two sides of the integrated supporting sleeve seat, and the integrated supporting sleeve seat is provided with a special-shaped groove communicated with the inner sleeve;
the ultrasonic liquid level detector is characterized in that a steel pipe cable is connected to the ultrasonic liquid level detector, a sealing joint is arranged at the connecting part of the steel pipe cable, the steel pipe cable is electrically connected to the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving integrated circuit board, the other end of the steel pipe cable is connected to a branching and converging joint, and the branching and converging joint is electrically connected with a ground power supply system, a data acquisition processor and a monitoring system respectively.
In the above structure, the circuit board end cover is arranged above the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving integrated circuit board, the transmitting end cover plate is arranged above the ultrasonic transmitting sensor, and the receiving end cover plate is arranged above the ultrasonic receiving end sensor.
In the above structure, the transmitting end cover plate and the receiving end cover plate are respectively provided with a limiting cover plate.
In the structure, the outer surface of the inner sleeve is provided with the cable clamp and the cable protector, the cable clamp is used for fastening the steel pipe cable, and the cable protector protects the cable.
In the structure, the steel pipe cable is connected to the ultrasonic liquid level detector through the pipe penetrating nut.
In the structure, the ultrasonic liquid level detector is in threaded connection with the inner sleeve.
In the above structure, it includes two ultrasonic liquid level detectors, and the upper end of first ultrasonic liquid level detector is connected with first interior sleeve pipe, and the lower extreme is connected with first coupling, and the lower extreme of this first coupling is then connected with the second interior sleeve pipe, and the upper end of second ultrasonic liquid level detector is then connected with the lower extreme of second interior sleeve pipe, and the lower extreme of second ultrasonic liquid level detector is then connected with the second coupling.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the ultrasonic sensor is not in direct contact with the monitored medium, so that the ultrasonic transmission distance is greatly shortened, the structure is not influenced by water-based mud, oil-based mud and gas medium, and the liquid level of the monitoring point can be monitored; the device solves the problems that the oil-based mud can not transmit ultrasonic signals for a long distance and skillfully avoids the situation that when a drill rod exists in a casing, the ultrasonic waves are easy to be interfered by the drill rod so as to change the transmission and receiving directions; in addition, the technical problem that the liquid level can not be monitored in real time due to the fact that the liquid level judgment and identification are carried out only manually and empirically in the existing petroleum well is solved; the gas or slurry medium is judged to be underground at the bottom of the depth through the received different signals according to the difference of time parameters and the state of the voltage pulse signals, so that operators on the ground can be guided to perform corresponding operations; in the technical scheme of the invention, the medium to be judged is non-contact, namely, the medium sampling is not required to be carried out by destroying the self structure of the inner sleeve, and any additional processing and changing of the inner sleeve are not required, so that the liquid level condition of the relevant monitoring point position (well depth) can be monitored in real time through a ground computer data processing system and oscillography software; the invention combines the ultrasonic liquid level monitoring principle of petroleum drilling, can also generally judge the condition of liquid medium under the monitoring depth, can distinguish water-based mud and oil-based mud, and generally knows the specific gravity and viscosity condition.
[ description of the drawings ]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an ultrasonic liquid level detector of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view at A-A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a front view of an ultrasonic liquid level detector of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a side view of an ultrasonic level detector of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view at B-B in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
[ detailed description ] of the invention
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an ultrasonic liquid level detector according to example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 1 (from top to bottom, an ultrasonic wave transmitting sensor groove 107, a short-distance ultrasonic wave conduction path abnormal groove 108, and an ultrasonic wave receiving sensor groove 109 in this order).
Because of the sharp attenuation characteristic of high-frequency ultrasonic waves in a gaseous medium, if the abnormal slot interface is gaseous, the ultrasonic wave receiving sensor does not receive any acoustic wave signals. If the special-shaped groove is filled with liquid medium, the ultrasonic signal can be transmitted for a short distance and is received by the ultrasonic receiving sensor, wherein the liquid medium is oil-based mud, water-based mud and high-density high-viscosity mud. The received signal is transmitted back to the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving integrated circuit through the electric wire, the received signal is transmitted to the ground through the signal wire of the steel pipe cable after the gain amplification processing of the integrated circuit, and the received signal can be obtained through the data processing or the oscilloscope on the ground. By comparing the differences of the acquired signals, the ground can judge whether the depth of the monitoring position is the slurry liquid level or the air interface. By adopting the special design, the ultrasonic sensor does not directly contact with the monitored medium, the ultrasonic transmission distance is greatly shortened, the structure is completely not influenced by water-based mud, oil-based mud and gas medium, and the liquid level of the monitoring point can be monitored. The device solves the problems that the oil-based mud can not transmit ultrasonic signals for a long distance and skillfully avoids the situation that when a drill collar is arranged in a casing, the ultrasonic waves are easy to be interfered by the drill collar to change the transmission and receiving directions.
Referring to fig. 6, the non-contact ultrasonic liquid level monitoring system for the petroleum underground disclosed by the invention is used for monitoring the liquid level of drilling liquid (commonly known as slurry) under the petroleum underground by utilizing the characteristics of ultrasonic waves with different propagation speeds under different mediums and different penetration characteristics of gas, liquid and solid mediums.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1 to 6, which are disclosed embodiments of the present invention, in this embodiment, the non-contact ultrasonic liquid level monitoring system for petroleum well includes a plurality of ultrasonic liquid level detectors 10, the number of the ultrasonic liquid level detectors 10 can be set according to the needs, the upper ends of the ultrasonic liquid level detectors 10 are connected to the inner sleeve 20, generally, threaded connection is adopted, the lower ends of the ultrasonic liquid level detectors 10 are connected to the coupling 30, in this embodiment, referring to fig. 6, the present invention includes two ultrasonic liquid level detectors 10, the upper ends of the first ultrasonic liquid level detectors 10 are connected to the first inner sleeve 20, the lower ends of the first coupling 30 are connected to the second inner sleeve 20, the upper ends of the second ultrasonic liquid level detectors 10 are connected to the lower ends of the second inner sleeve 20, and the lower ends of the second ultrasonic liquid level detectors 10 are connected to the second coupling 30.
In more detail, as shown in fig. 3 to 5, the ultrasonic liquid level detector 10 includes an integrated supporting socket 101, an ultrasonic transmitting and receiving integrated circuit board 102, and an ultrasonic transmitting sensor 103 and an ultrasonic receiving sensor 104 electrically connected with the integrated supporting socket 101, wherein the ultrasonic transmitting sensor 103 and the ultrasonic receiving sensor 104 are oppositely arranged at two sides of the integrated supporting socket 101, and the integrated supporting socket 101 is provided with a special-shaped groove communicated with the inner sleeve 20; the ultrasonic liquid level detector 10 is connected with a steel pipe cable 105, a sealing joint 106 is arranged at the connecting part of the steel pipe cable 105, the steel pipe cable 105 is electrically connected to the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving integrated circuit board 102, the other end of the steel pipe cable 105 is connected to a branching and converging joint 106, and the branching and converging joint 106 is electrically connected with a ground power supply system, a data acquisition processor and a monitoring system respectively. The steel pipe cable 105 is connected to the ultrasonic liquid level detector 10 through a pipe penetrating nut 1050
In order to maintain good sealing performance, a circuit board end cover 1020 is arranged above the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving integrated circuit board 102, a transmitting end cover plate 1030 is arranged above the ultrasonic transmitting sensor 103, and a receiving end cover plate 1040 is arranged above the ultrasonic receiving end sensor 104; in addition, a limiting cover 40 is provided on each of end cap plate 1030 and receiving end cap plate 1040.
With continued reference to fig. 6, a cable clamp 201 and a cable protector 202 are mounted on the outer surface of the inner sleeve 20, the cable clamp 201 is used to fasten the steel pipe cable 105 described above, the cable protector 202 protects the steel pipe cable 105, and the steel pipe cable 105 is connected to the ultrasonic level gauge 10 by a pipe-passing nut 1050.
In connection with the above construction, we will describe in detail the installation process and the working process of the present invention.
1. The upper end of the ultrasonic liquid level detector is connected with the inner sleeve, the lower end of the ultrasonic liquid level detector is connected with the coupling, and then the coupling is connected with the next inner sleeve.
2. Connecting the customized steel pipe cable with an upper joint of a branching and converging joint of an ultrasonic liquid level detector, penetrating the upper joint by using a pipe penetrating nut, a front clamping core and a rear clamping core, sealing and fastening the pipe penetrating nut; and the power signal cables are respectively connected, and the customized cable hoops and the cable protectors are connected on the inner sleeves of each section.
3. The inner casing is followed down the well, at which time the ultrasonic level monitor 1 is lowered to the desired monitoring point 1 (depth position A1), and the ultrasonic level monitor device 2 is lowered to the desired monitoring point 2 (depth position A2).
4. And the cable interfaces of the shunt and confluence connectors are respectively connected with a ground power supply system and a data acquisition machine processing and monitoring system, so that the whole set of system is connected in place.
5. Normally, in normal mud circulation, the liquid level is maintained at a level balance at depth position A1, i.e., both A1 and A2 are in the liquid medium. At this time, the special-shaped grooves on the inner walls of the integrated supporting sleeve seats of the two ultrasonic liquid level detectors are filled with flowing liquid medium, the ultrasonic liquid level detectors work normally, ultrasonic generation and pulse signal receiving are displayed, at this time, the voltage pulse waveform of each detection position point (depth position A1 and depth position A2) can be observed on the ground approximately.
6. In case of fluctuation of the slurry level, it is assumed that the liquid level drops from the A1 position to a certain depth a', where the output waveform at the A2 position is not affected at all, and the medium interface at the A1 position becomes air, where no operation is performed. When the mud liquid level drops below A2, the ultrasonic emission sensors in the ultrasonic liquid level meters at A1 and A2 pass through a steel wall with the thickness of 12mm, pass through an air medium with the width of a special-shaped groove with the thickness of 25mm, pass through the steel wall with the thickness of 12mm, and due to the divergent effect of the air medium, the ultrasonic receiving sensor arranged at the other side cannot receive the transmission signal. Therefore, the display waveforms in the A1 channel and the A2 channel on the ground are changed, and substantially no voltage pulse signal is observed. At this time, the alarm device is started to inform the ground to perform corresponding operation, mud is injected, the mud liquid level rises to a depth position A1 to reach a safe liquid level, an ultrasonic emission sensor in the ultrasonic liquid level instrument at the A1 position passes through a steel wall with the width of 12mm, mud media with the width of 25mm passes through a special-shaped groove, and the mud media passes through the steel wall with the thickness of 12mm, and due to the ultrasonic signal transmission effect of the mud media, an ultrasonic receiving sensor arranged at the other side receives a transmission signal of the mud media, and at this time, a pulse signal of a ground A1 channel is observed to return to the original approximate level.
7. When the slurry level is greatly unbalanced, for example, the liquid level is quickly reduced due to the large liquid level change in the inner sleeve after the drilling, and when the depth position A2 is set, the air medium is filled in the depth positions of the two monitoring points A1 and A2, the pulse signal of the channel A2 also quickly disappears (the principle is consistent with the 6 th item), the channels A1 and A2 simultaneously give an alarm, and the slurry filling pump is started to fill the slurry in a dangerous state. In the pouring stage, if the pouring time is too long and exceeds the theoretical time of filling the sections A1 to A2, the lost circulation is indicated, and an alarm is needed.
The invention can grasp the change condition of the liquid level in the sleeve in real time by continuously observing the ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving signals in real time, and can understand whether the liquid level is in a safe state or an alarm state, and ground staff can grasp the depth position of the liquid level in the pit in time, so that different countermeasures can be taken.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the medium to be judged is non-contact, namely, the medium sampling is not required to be carried out by destroying the self structure of the inner sleeve, and any additional processing and changing of the inner sleeve are not required, so that the liquid level condition of the relevant monitoring point position (well depth) can be monitored in real time through a ground computer data processing system and oscillography software; in addition, the invention combines the ultrasonic liquid level monitoring principle of petroleum drilling, can also generally judge the condition of the liquid medium under the monitoring depth, can distinguish water-based mud and oil-based mud, and generally knows the specific gravity and viscosity.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the invention, and the above-described embodiments are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications may be made within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention, and any person skilled in the art may make any modification, modification or equivalent substitution according to the above description, which falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A petroleum underground non-contact ultrasonic liquid level monitoring system is characterized in that: the ultrasonic liquid level detectors are connected with the inner sleeve, the lower ends of the ultrasonic liquid level detectors are connected with the coupling, and the lower ends of the coupling are connected with the other inner sleeve;
the ultrasonic liquid level detector comprises an integrated supporting sleeve seat, an ultrasonic transmitting and receiving integrated circuit board, an ultrasonic transmitting sensor and an ultrasonic receiving sensor which are electrically connected with the integrated supporting sleeve seat, wherein the ultrasonic transmitting sensor and the ultrasonic receiving sensor are oppositely arranged on two sides of the integrated supporting sleeve seat, the integrated supporting sleeve seat is provided with a special-shaped groove communicated with the inner sleeve, and the special-shaped groove is positioned between the ultrasonic transmitting sensor and the ultrasonic receiving sensor;
the ultrasonic liquid level detector is characterized in that a steel pipe cable is connected to the ultrasonic liquid level detector, a sealing joint is arranged at the connecting part of the steel pipe cable, the steel pipe cable is electrically connected to the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving integrated circuit board, the other end of the steel pipe cable is connected to a branching and converging joint, and the branching and converging joint is electrically connected with a ground power supply system, a data acquisition processor and a monitoring system respectively.
2. The downhole non-contact ultrasonic fluid level monitoring system for petroleum of claim 1, wherein: the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving integrated circuit board is characterized in that a circuit board end cover is arranged above the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving integrated circuit board, a transmitting end cover plate is arranged above the ultrasonic transmitting sensor, and a receiving end cover plate is arranged above the ultrasonic receiving end sensor.
3. The downhole non-contact ultrasonic fluid level monitoring system for petroleum of claim 2, wherein: and the transmitting end cover plate and the receiving end cover plate are respectively provided with a limiting cover plate.
4. The downhole non-contact ultrasonic fluid level monitoring system for petroleum of claim 1, wherein: the outer surface of the inner sleeve is provided with a cable clamp and a cable protector, the cable clamp is used for fastening the steel pipe cable, and the cable protector plays a role in protecting the cable.
5. A downhole non-contact ultrasonic fluid level monitoring system for petroleum according to claim 1 or 4, wherein: the steel pipe cable is connected to the ultrasonic liquid level detector through a pipe penetrating nut.
6. The downhole non-contact ultrasonic fluid level monitoring system for petroleum of claim 1, wherein: the ultrasonic liquid level detector is in threaded connection with the inner sleeve.
7. The downhole non-contact ultrasonic fluid level monitoring system for petroleum of claim 1, wherein: the ultrasonic liquid level detection device comprises two ultrasonic liquid level detection devices, wherein the upper end of the first ultrasonic liquid level detection device is connected with a first inner sleeve, the lower end of the first ultrasonic liquid level detection device is connected with a first coupling, the lower end of the first coupling is connected with a second inner sleeve, the upper end of the second ultrasonic liquid level detection device is connected with the lower end of the second inner sleeve, and the lower end of the second ultrasonic liquid level detection device is connected with a second coupling.
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CN108487901A (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2018-09-04 | 大庆市亿动科技有限公司 | Oil well multi-functional automatic liquid level monitor based on velocity of sound sensor |
CN109577953B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2023-12-22 | 青海岩土工程勘察咨询有限公司 | Drilling fluid liquid level monitoring device |
CN111380779A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2020-07-07 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Device for testing sedimentation stability of drilling fluid |
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