CN105790542B - A kind of electromagnetic retarder with energy recovery function - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an electromagnetic retarder with energy recovery function, which includes a stator, a rotor, a power electronic module and a transmission shaft, the power electronic module is connected with the rotor through a reversing valve, and the feature is that the rotor is placed inside the stator , and there is a gap between the stator and the stator; the stator includes a stator bracket, a generator armature, a liquid-cooled isolation module and a cylinder carrying eddy currents, and the stator bracket is connected to the transmission shaft through a bearing; the liquid-cooled isolation module is placed in the generator between the armature and the cylinder; the generator armature includes a generator armature winding and a generator armature core, and the generator armature is connected to the stator bracket; the rotor includes a rotor bracket, an excitation winding and an excitation core, and the rotor bracket It is connected with the transmission shaft, and the rotor support is connected with the field winding. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, small volume and strong braking ability.

Description

An electromagnetic retarder with energy recovery function

technical field

The invention relates to the field of automobile reducers, in particular to an electromagnetic retarder with energy recovery function.

Background technique

The automobile retarder energizes the excitation winding of the stator assembly through the control circuit to generate a magnetic field, and the rotor assembly rotates at high speed with the transmission part of the vehicle, cutting the magnetic field lines, generating reverse torque, and decelerating the vehicle. At present, the most widely used automobile retarder in China is the eddy current retarder. Most of the traditional eddy current retarders adopt the structure of 2 rotors and 1 stator. The device is divided into three parts, and a certain air gap is left between the stator and the rotor. The front rotor and rear rotor of the eddy current retarder are connected with the input flange of the main reducer through the transition plate, the stator housing is fixed on the main reducer housing through the bracket, and the excitation winding is installed on the stator. When working, the electric current is passed through the battery of the car to generate a magnetic field, which causes an eddy current in the rotor, and the eddy current magnetic field generates a braking torque on the rotor, thereby braking the car. The structure of this device is complex, the volume is large, the power consumption of its excitation is large, and the heat decay is serious during continuous braking.

The self-excited eddy current retarder is a kind of automobile retarder. It is based on the traditional eddy current retarder and adds a self-generating system. It can convert part of the braking energy into electric energy for its own excitation needs. The advantage of energy saving, but its structure is more complicated, and the volume is larger than the traditional eddy current retarder.

Regenerative brake retarder is also a kind of automobile retarder. It converts the kinetic energy of the car into recyclable electric energy through the principle of electromagnetism. It has low heat loss, energy saving and environmental protection, but its braking torque is very small. It often requires multiple engine retarders to be connected in parallel or in series to realize the braking function, so the volume is large, the braking effect is not very ideal, and it is not suitable for heavy vehicles.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic retarder with energy recovery function, simple in structure, small in volume and strong in braking capacity.

The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: an electromagnetic retarder with energy recovery function, including a stator, a rotor, a power electronic module and a transmission shaft, the rotor is placed in the stator, and there is a gap between the rotor and the stator;

The stator includes a stator bracket, a generator armature, a liquid-cooled isolation module and a cylinder carrying eddy currents, the stator bracket is connected to the transmission shaft through a bearing; the liquid-cooled isolation module is placed between the generator armature and the cylinder , used to isolate the generator armature from the cylinder carrying the eddy current; the generator armature is connected to the stator bracket;

The generating armature includes a generating armature winding and a generating armature iron core, and the generating armature winding is connected to the power electronic module;

The rotor includes a rotor bracket, an excitation winding and an excitation core, and the excitation winding is wound on the excitation core, which can be a salient pole type or a hidden pole type; the excitation winding is connected to the power electronic module through a reversing valve, In order to realize electric energy self-excitation; the rotor support is connected to the transmission shaft, and the rotor support is connected to the excitation core.

A further solution is that the gap is 0.5-1.5mm.

A further solution is that the liquid-cooled isolation module includes a liquid-cooled isolated water channel, and the liquid-cooled isolated water channel is connected to the engine cooling water pipe, or the liquid-cooled isolated water channel is connected to the condensate water pipe of the cooling device.

When working, the power electronic module supplies power to the excitation winding of the rotor, and a magnetic field is generated in the rotor. The magnetic field passes through the thinner gap (air gap layer) and enters the cylinder carrying the eddy current. Due to the rotation of the rotor, the cylinder carrying the eddy current The magnetic field is an alternating magnetic field, so that an eddy current is generated in the cylinder carrying the eddy current, and the magnetic field of the eddy current hinders the change of the rotor magnetic field to form a braking force and realize the eddy current braking function.

The magnetic field generated by part of the rotor passes through the cylinder carrying the eddy current, and passes through the liquid-cooled isolation module with very low magnetic permeability, and generates an alternating magnetic field in the generator armature, so that the generator armature generates induced electromotive force and induced current, and induces The current is output to the power electronic module, and after conversion, it supplies power to the excitation winding of the rotor. The excess electric energy can also be stored by the power electronic module using batteries or supercapacitors.

When the device is working, the eddy current generated in the cylinder will generate heat, making the temperature of the cylinder high (>500°C), because the generator armature cannot work in high temperature (the working environment of the generator armature should be <100°C), the liquid cooling module The cylinder with high temperature is isolated from the generator armature that cannot work at high temperature, and the heat generated by the eddy current is taken away through the water cycle to ensure the normal operation of the two and improve the service life of the entire device.

When it is necessary to adjust the braking torque, the controller sends a control signal to the power electronic module to adjust the current supplied to the excitation winding of the rotor to realize the stepless adjustment of the torque. When braking is not required, the controller sends a shutdown signal to the power electronic module to disconnect the current loop of the rotor's field winding, so that there is no excitation current in the rotor's field winding, and the rotor no longer generates an excitation field, thereby releasing the brake.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The present invention only consists of one stator and one rotor, has a simple and compact structure, takes up little space, is small in mass and low in production cost;

The traditional eddy current retarder has two air gaps, but the present invention has only one air gap, which reduces the magnetic circuit loss, improves the power generation efficiency, and ensures the stability of braking;

The present invention only adopts one rotor and one stator, which provides a larger space for the excitation device, helps to generate a stronger excitation magnetic field, thereby generating a larger braking torque, so that the device has a larger torque adjustment range, which is convenient car brakes;

There is a liquid-cooled isolation module between the generator armature and the cylinder, which can take away the heat generated by the eddy current in time, and increase the continuous braking time of the entire device. Work in the most suitable temperature range, improve the performance of the device, and increase the service life of the entire device;

The power electronic module supplies power to the excitation winding of the rotor, a magnetic field is generated in the rotor, the magnetic field passes through the gap and enters the cylinder, and an eddy current is generated in the cylinder, and the magnetic field of the eddy current hinders the change of the rotor magnetic field, forming a braking force and realizing the eddy current braking function ; The magnetic field generated by the rotor passes through the cylinder and the liquid-cooled isolation module, and generates an alternating magnetic field in the generator armature, so that the generator armature generates induced electromotive force and induced current, and the induced current is output to the power electronic module, which is transformed into The excitation winding of the rotor supplies power, and the excess electric energy can also be stored by the battery or supercapacitor of the power electronic module to realize energy recovery, energy saving and environmental protection;

The invention has the functions of eddy current and regenerative braking.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, in the accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the electromagnetic retarder with energy recovery function of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic structural view of the stator.

Among them: 1. Transmission shaft, 2. Bearing, 3. Stator bracket, 4. Rotor bracket, 5. Excitation core, 6. Excitation winding, 7. Cylinder, 8. Liquid cooling isolation water channel, 9. Generator armature iron Core, 10, generator armature winding, 11, water pipe, 12, commutator, 13, power electronic module.

Detailed ways

In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention.

Referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 2, an electromagnetic retarder with energy recovery function includes a stator, a rotor, a power electronic module 13 and a transmission shaft 1, the rotor is placed in the stator, and there is a gap between the rotor and the stator 0.5-1.5mm gap, that is, the distance between the inner surface of the stator and the outer surface of the rotor is 0.5-1.5mm;

The stator includes a stator bracket 3, a generator armature, a liquid-cooled isolation module, and a cylinder 7 carrying eddy currents. The stator bracket 3 is connected to the transmission shaft 1 through a bearing 2; the generator armature includes a generator armature winding 10 and a generator armature The iron core 9, the generator armature winding 10 is embedded in the generator armature core 9, the generator armature winding 10 is connected with the power electronic module 13; the liquid cooling isolation module is placed between the generator armature core 9 and the cylinder 7, It is used to isolate the generator armature from the cylinder 7 carrying the eddy current; the cylinder 7 and the generator armature iron core 9 are fixed on the stator bracket 3; the structure and working principle of the generator armature are the same as those of the synchronous generator armature;

The liquid-cooled isolation module includes a liquid-cooled isolated water channel 8, which is connected to the engine cooling water pipe through a water pipe 11, or the liquid-cooled isolated water channel 8 is connected to the condensate water pipe of the cooling device through the water pipe 11, so that the eddy current generated The heat is taken away, the continuous braking time of the whole device is improved, and the cylinder 7 carrying the eddy current and the generator armature are both working in the most suitable temperature range, improving the performance of the device and increasing the service life of the whole device;

The rotor includes a rotor bracket 4, an excitation winding 6 and an excitation core 5. The excitation winding 6 is wound on the excitation core 5 and can be a salient pole type or a hidden pole type; the excitation winding 6 is connected to the The power electronic module 13 is connected to realize electric energy self-excitation, and the power electronic module 13 can adjust the current of the excitation winding 6; the rotor support 4 is connected to the transmission shaft 1, and the rotor support 4 is connected to the excitation core 5.

When in the braking state, the power electronic module 13 provides the excitation current for the excitation winding 6, so that the excitation core 5 generates magnetic lines of force. Since the rotor is rotating, an alternating magnetic field is generated in the cylinder 7 carrying the eddy current, thereby generating electric current. The eddy current, the magnetic field of the eddy current hinders the magnetic field generated by the excitation core 5, and produces a braking torque that hinders the excitation core 5, and the eddy current braking function is realized. Since the cylinder 7 carrying the eddy current and the liquid-cooled isolated water channel 8 are relatively thin (the total thickness is less than 1 cm), a considerable part of the magnetic field lines will pass through the cylinder 7 and the liquid-cooled isolated water channel 8, and reach the generator armature iron core 9. An alternating magnetic field is generated, so that induced electromotive force and induced current are generated on the generator armature winding 10, and these currents will be sent to the power electronics module 13, and the power electronics module 13 will process the regenerative electric energy and send it to the field winding through the commutator 12 6, so as to realize the electric energy self-excitation circuit. The power electronic module 13 has an intelligent control function. When the electric energy generated by the generator armature winding 10 exceeds the electric energy required by the field winding 6, the power electronics module 13 stores the excess electric energy. When electric energy is needed, the power electronic module 13 supplements it with an external power source or its own stored electric energy.

During use, a large amount of heat energy will be generated on the cylinder 7, and this part of heat energy will be taken away by the liquid in the liquid-cooled isolation channel 8, and the cooling liquid will flow back to the retarder to circulate and work repeatedly after passing through the radiator to dissipate heat.

The excitation current in the excitation core 5 can be adjusted through the power electronic module 13, thereby adjusting the strength of the magnetic field generated by the excitation core 5, thereby steplessly adjusting the magnitude of the braking torque.

When there is no need for braking, the power electronic module 13 cuts off the current in the field winding 6, the field core 5 no longer generates a magnetic field, and the cylinder 7 no longer generates eddy currents, so that no braking torque is generated, and the impact on the vehicle is relieved. Braking does not affect the normal driving of the vehicle.

It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or changes based on the above description, and all these improvements and changes should belong to the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. An electromagnetic retarder with energy recovery function, comprising a stator, a rotor, a power electronic module and a drive shaft, the power electronic module is connected to the rotor through a reversing valve, it is characterized in that: the rotor is placed in the stator, and There is a gap between the stator and the stator; The stator includes a stator bracket, a generator armature, a liquid-cooled isolation module and a cylinder carrying eddy currents, the stator bracket is connected to the transmission shaft through a bearing; the liquid-cooled isolation module is placed between the generator armature and the cylinder ; The generating armature includes a generating armature winding and a generating armature core, and the generating armature winding is connected to the power electronic module; The generator armature winding and the generator armature iron core are connected to the stator bracket; The liquid-cooled isolation module includes a liquid-cooled isolation channel, and each liquid-cooled isolation channel corresponds to a wire slot on the generator armature core, and is located inside the corresponding wire slot; The rotor includes a rotor bracket, an excitation winding and an excitation core, the rotor bracket is connected to the transmission shaft, and the rotor bracket is connected to the excitation winding; The power electronic module supplies power to the excitation winding of the rotor, a magnetic field is generated in the rotor, the magnetic field passes through the gap and enters the cylinder, and an eddy current is generated in the cylinder, and the magnetic field of the eddy current hinders the change of the rotor magnetic field, forming a braking force and realizing the eddy current braking function ; The magnetic field generated by the rotor passes through the cylinder and the liquid-cooled isolation module, and generates an alternating magnetic field in the generator armature, so that the generator armature generates induced electromotive force and induced current, and the induced current is output to the power electronic module, which is transformed into The excitation winding of the rotor supplies power, and the excess electric energy can also be stored by the battery or supercapacitor of the power electronic module to realize energy recovery. 2. The electromagnetic retarder with energy recovery function according to claim 1, characterized in that: the gap is 0.5-1.5mm. 3. The electromagnetic retarder with energy recovery function according to claim 1, characterized in that: the liquid-cooled isolated water channel is connected to the engine cooling water pipe, or the liquid-cooled isolated water channel is connected to the condensate water pipe of the cooling device.