CN105761310B - A kind of sunykatuib analysis and image display method of sky visible range numerical map - Google Patents
A kind of sunykatuib analysis and image display method of sky visible range numerical map Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the sunykatuib analyses and image display method of a kind of sky visible range numerical map, determine the geographical location information of survey region, obtain and store the trivector information of whole buildings in survey region, it is handled by rasterizing, the data prediction that building is formatted；Multiple observation points are chosen in entire survey region, 360 degree of scannings are carried out to whole buildings in survey region by multiple observation points, maximum elevation, and the statistical average elevation angle are calculated, and then the average sky visibility factor of all observation points in entire survey region is calculated；If difference between the average sky visibility factor of certain observation point and the average sky visibility factor of adjacent observation point is more than threshold value, actual measurement check carried out to certain described observation point, the average sky visibility factor of certain observation point is subject to measured value；Interpolation arithmetic processing, the sky visible range simulation drawing being corrected are carried out using average sky visibility factor of the ArcGIS software to obtained all observation points.
Description
Technical field
It is that sunykatuib analysis and the image of a kind of sky visible range numerical map are aobvious the invention belongs to urban planning technical field
Show method.
Background technique
There are the multiple views such as physical environment subject, atmospheric science field and Urban Planning Subject to the research of sky visible range
Angle.The concept of sky visible range refer to building enclose Environments in Urban Open Spaces in, the model for the sky that people's sight can be seen in one's power
It encloses, it, which is related to multiple influence, the sky visibility factors such as Urban spatialquality, public activity level of comfort and visual psychology expection, is
For study influence citizen watch sky range size can quantizing factor, refer to the sky that observer observes in fixed position
The ratio of area (A1) and entire sky domain (A) area, is denoted as ∩；Sky shielding rate be invisible sky area (A2) with it is whole
The ratio of a sky domain (A) area, is denoted as ∪ (Fig. 2).
For a long time, the Major Difficulties of the sky visible range of quantitative assessment city built environment are to lack suitable vision
Analytical technology.The space research of traditional sky visible range can only rest in the two-dimentional qualitative analysis such as Photograph image, this mode
Under the increasingly deep situation of current urban spatial study, it is complicated and not to expose quantitative description scarce capacity, subjective analysis
The problems such as conducive to data sharing.With the in-depth of digitizing technique, scholars utilize visual Landscape digital Platform in recent years,
The Measurement Method of a variety of sky visible ranges is explored, from the level of technical method can be divided into three-dimensional modeling analytic approach, flake is clapped
Take the photograph measurement method and GIS simulation three types of calculating method.Three kinds of methods respectively have its advantage and disadvantage, specific as follows:
(1) three-dimensional modeling analytic approach.Advantage is that Vector Modeling based on urban spatial database is convenient intuitive quick, can be with
The city threedimensional model of concrete image is provided to researcher；Disadvantage is that only considered the influence of spatial shape, have ignored other because
Influence of the element to goal in research.
(2) flake shoots measurement method.Advantage carries out shooting to sky view whenever and wherever possible to be succinct convenient to realization pair
Sky is recorded without interval shooting；Disadvantage be shooting visibility region it is limited, can not accurate response surrounding enviroment to research object
It influences.
(3) GIS simulates calculating method.Advantage is that can quickly obtain related data；Disadvantage is and reality is detached from,
Only ideal data may there are errors with truth.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: it is directed to the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and deficiency, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of skies
The sunykatuib analysis and image display method of visible range reduce routine techniques bring error, improve measurement accuracy.
Technical solution: for achieving the above object, a kind of the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows: sky visible range number
The sunykatuib analysis and image display method of map, comprising the following steps:
1) geographical location information for determining survey region obtains and stores the three-dimensional arrow of whole buildings in survey region
Information is measured, is handled by rasterizing, the data prediction that building is formatted；
2) multiple observation points are chosen in entire survey region, and the whole in survey region is built by multiple observation points
Object carries out 360 degree of scannings, calculates maximum elevation, and the statistical average elevation angle, and then all sights in entire survey region are calculated
The average sky visibility factor of measuring point；
If 3) difference between the average sky visibility factor of certain observation point and the average sky visibility factor of adjacent observation point
More than threshold value, then actual measurement check is carried out to certain described observation point, the average sky visibility factor of certain observation point is with measured value
It is quasi-；
4) interpolation arithmetic processing is carried out using average sky visibility factor of the ArcGIS software to obtained all observation points, obtained
To the sky visible range simulation drawing being corrected.
Further, specific step is as follows for data prediction described in step 1):
1.1) according to the boundary information of building in trivector information, building is stored as polygon；
1.2) height of building is calculated according to the layer height of building in trivector information and the number of plies, every building building is deposited
Store up polygon and corresponding elevation information H；
1.3) it is handled by rasterizing, the owned building of survey region is formatted, digital elevation mould is obtained
Type data；
1.4) mask processing is carried out to Law of DEM Data.
Further, step 2) is described sweeps 360 degree of whole buildings progress in survey region by multiple observation points
It retouches, retouching line angle degree spacing isRadian needs to carry outSecondary scanning, each observation point take multiple scan, sweep every time
Maximum elevation β is transferred to during retouchingmaxIt calculates；
The calculation method of the maximum elevation is as follows: searching has the grid of intersection with scan line, and by the height of the grid
Angle value Hij and position No. i, j are stored in grid [K] array；Array grid [K] is traversed, takes in grid one to build every time
Build the height value H [K] of object, the distance dis [K] at the center of calculating observation point position P0 to grid grid [K], each calculating observation
The elevation angle β [K] of point p0 and grid central point, calculation formula is as follows: β [K]=atan (dis [K]/H [K]))；[K] array is traversed,
It is maximized, the maximum elevation β max as present scan；
The statistical average elevation angle is carried out to the maximum elevation of whole n times scanning, obtains the sky shielding rate of corresponding observation point P0,
Its formula are as follows:
Difference is sought with completely unobstructed sky visibility factor 1 to get the average sky visibility factor of corresponding observation point is arrived
Further, the step 3) actual measurement is checked, using fish eye lens camera in the observation point that need to survey check
For heart point by the horizontal positioned shooting photo of camera lens, shooting height is human eye actual height from the ground, takes 1.5 meters, obtains round photo；
With the computational algorithm of area and round photo area data substitution repetition step 2) through gauged visible sky portion, obtain
Obtain the data of the average sky visibility factor through checking.
The utility model has the advantages that the sunykatuib analysis of sky visible range is carried out using method of the present invention, it is more scientific, reasonable
Property and operability, obtain more succinct intuitive model, provide good technology platform for Study on Urban Space Form,
Intuitive reference frame is provided for the preliminary analysis and scheme optimization of urban design.By sampling actual measurement correction, avoid
Merely by error caused by operator's micro-judgment parameter, a large amount of cumbersome work of traditional artificial measurement are saved, are formd
A whole set of rigorous objective operating procedure, improves the accuracy of rendering of digital maps, reduces routine techniques bring error.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that sky visibility factor calculates schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is whole observation point locations drawing of Nanjing Xin Jie Kou area sky visibility factor simulation test；
Fig. 4 is the test block building data boundary figure of Nanjing Xin Jie Kou area sky visibility factor simulation test；
Fig. 5 is to carry out rasterizing combing to data in the sky visibility factor simulation test of Nanjing Xin Jie Kou area；
Fig. 6 is to carry out mask process to data in the sky visibility factor simulation test of Nanjing Xin Jie Kou area；
Fig. 7 is the sky visibility factor value of whole observation points in the sky visibility factor simulation test of Nanjing Xin Jie Kou area；
Fig. 8 is the sky visible range simulation drawing in the sky visibility factor simulation test of Nanjing Xin Jie Kou area.
Specific embodiment
In the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is furture elucidated, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate
It the present invention rather than limits the scope of the invention, after the present invention has been read, those skilled in the art are to of the invention each
The modification of kind equivalent form falls within the application range as defined in the appended claims.
The present invention is directed to the shortcomings that analysis method of traditional sky visible range brought error, proposes that a kind of sky is visual
The analog analysing method in domain, comprises the steps of: determining the geographical location information of survey region, obtains and store survey region
The trivector information of interior whole buildings, is handled by rasterizing, the data prediction formatted to building；
Multiple observation points are chosen in entire survey region, and 360 are carried out to whole buildings in survey region by multiple observation points
Degree scanning, calculates maximum elevation, and the statistical average elevation angle, and then being averaged for all observation points in entire survey region is calculated
Sky visibility factor；If the difference between the average sky visibility factor of certain observation point and the average sky visibility factor of adjacent observation point
More than threshold value, then actual measurement check is carried out to certain described observation point, the average sky visibility factor of certain observation point is with measured value
It is quasi-；Interpolation arithmetic processing is carried out using average sky visibility factor of the ArcGIS software to obtained all observation points, is obtained through repairing
Positive sky visible range simulation drawing.The sunykatuib analysis of sky visible range is carried out using method of the present invention, more scientific,
Reasonability and operability, obtain more succinct intuitive model, and it is flat to provide good technology for Study on Urban Space Form
Platform.
Skill of the invention is explained in detail for simulating below with reference to Nanjing Xin Jie Kou center sky visible range
Art scheme.
(1) research range constituency with layout
Project team chooses multiple observations using Nanjing Xin Jie Kou center as research object, in entire center area
Point.The lane Bei Zhihouzai, road under Nan Zhibai, takes intersection as face domain west to decorated archway road to the east of the region of East Zhongshan Road
The data basic point of analogue measurement, the sky visible range analog data system of forming face domain network.
(2) data prediction
Nanjing Xin Jie Kou data track crossing is extracted, whole observations as this sky visibility factor simulation test
Position data is put, totally 478 points (Fig. 3), and obtain test block building data boundary by Mapping departments, amounts to 13018
A polygon data (Fig. 4), and extract the story height data of building.
It is required according to algorithm, rasterizing processing is carried out to building figure layer, generate the building grid that grid granularity is 5 meters
Figure layer (Fig. 5), and mask process (Fig. 6) is carried out to non-building area domain
(3) average sky visibility factor data calculate
360 degree of scannings are carried out to whole buildings in the area of center by multiple observation points, retouching line angle degree spacing is(radian) needs to carry outSecondary scanning, each observation point take multiple scan, and are transferred to most in each scanning process
Big-elevation βmaxIt calculates；
The calculation method of the maximum elevation is as follows: searching has the grid of intersection with scan line, and by the height of the grid
Angle value Hij and position No. i, j are stored in grid [K] array；Array grid [K] is traversed, takes in grid one to build every time
Build the height value H [K] of object, the distance dis [K] at the center of calculating observation point position P0 to grid grid [K], each calculating observation
The elevation angle β [K] of point p0 and grid central point, calculation formula is as follows: β [K]=atan (dis [K]/H [K]))；[K] array is traversed,
It is maximized, the maximum elevation β max as present scan；
The statistical average elevation angle is carried out to the maximum elevation of whole n times scanning, obtains the sky shielding rate of corresponding observation point P0,
Its formula are as follows:
Difference is sought with completely unobstructed sky visibility factor 1 to get the average sky visibility factor of corresponding observation point is arrived
360 degree of scannings are carried out to whole buildings in the area of center by multiple observation points, calculate maximum elevation, and
The statistical average elevation angle, and then the average sky visibility factor of all observation points in entire survey region is calculated.
According to sky visibility factor algorithm, relevant calculation program is write, hardware environment is as follows:
| CPU frequency (Intel) | Memory | The rotation speed of hard disk |
| 2.6GHZ | 2G | 7200 |
The single observation point calculating time is about 3.3 seconds, and calculating obtains 478 points of sky visibility factor value (Fig. 7).
(4) sky visibility factor key point is checked
If the difference between the average sky visibility factor of certain observation point and the average sky visibility factor of adjacent observation point is super
Threshold value is crossed, then actual measurement check is carried out to certain described observation point, the average sky visibility factor of certain observation point is subject to measured value.
The actual measurement is checked, and is put camera lens level in the central point that need to survey the observation point of check using fish eye lens camera
Shooting photo is set, shooting height is human eye actual height from the ground, takes 1.5-1.6 meters, obtains round photo；With through gauged
The area of visible sky portion and round photo area data substitute into the computational algorithm for repeating step 2), obtain flat through what is checked
Equal sky visibility factor data.
(5) GIS data processing is generated with image
Sky visibility factor data are calculated using through gauged Data duplication, calculates and obtains the sky visibility factor through checking
Value.
Gained face domain analogue data is handled using ArcGIS software, forms the simulation of Xin Jie Kou area sky visible range
The face numeric field data wave pattern (Fig. 8) of calculating.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of sunykatuib analysis and image display method of sky visible range numerical map, which comprises the following steps:
1) geographical location information for determining survey region obtains and stores the trivector letter of whole buildings in survey region
Breath, is handled, the data prediction formatted to building by rasterizing；
2) multiple observation points are chosen in entire survey region, by multiple observation points to whole buildings in survey region into
Row 360 degree of scannings；Each observation point takes multiple scan, and scanning all calculates observation point and building during present scan every time
Maximum elevation between object counts the maximum elevation mean value that the observation point scans every time, and then entire research is calculated
The average sky visibility factor of all observation points in region；
3) if the difference between the average sky visibility factor of certain observation point and the average sky visibility factor of adjacent observation point is more than
Threshold value then carries out actual measurement check to certain described observation point, and the average sky visibility factor of certain observation point is subject to measured value；
4) interpolation arithmetic processing is carried out using average sky visibility factor data of the ArcGIS software to obtained all observation points, obtained
To the sky visible range simulation drawing being corrected.
2. the sunykatuib analysis and image display method of a kind of sky visible range numerical map according to claim 1, special
Sign is that specific step is as follows for data prediction described in step 1):
1.1) according to the boundary information of building in trivector information, building is stored as polygon；
1.2) height of building is calculated according to the layer height of building in trivector information and the number of plies, every building building storage is more
Side shape and corresponding elevation information H；
1.3) it is handled by rasterizing, the owned building of survey region is formatted, digital elevation model number is obtained
According to；
1.4) mask process is carried out to Law of DEM Data.
3. the sunykatuib analysis and image display method of a kind of sky visible range numerical map according to claim 2, special
Sign is that step 2) is described to carry out 360 degree of scannings to whole buildings in survey region by multiple observation points, retouches line angle degree
Spacing isRadian needs to carry outSecondary scanning, each observation point take multiple scan, each scanning process transfer
Enter maximum elevation βmaxIt calculates；
The calculation method of the maximum elevation is as follows: searching has the grid of intersection with scan line, and by the height value of the grid
Hij and position No. i, j are stored in grid [K] array；Array grid [K] is traversed, takes a building in grid every time
Height value H [K], the distance dis [K] at the center of calculating observation point position P0 to grid grid [K], each calculating observation point p0
With the elevation angle β [K] of grid central point, calculation formula is as follows: β [K]=arctan (dis [K]/H [K])；Traverse grid [K] number
Group takes the maximum value of β [K], the maximum elevation β max as present scan；
The statistical average elevation angle is carried out to the maximum elevation of whole n times scanning, obtains the sky shielding rate of corresponding observation point P0, it is public
Formula are as follows:
Difference is sought with completely unobstructed sky visibility factor 1 to get the average sky visibility factor of corresponding observation point is arrived
4. the sunykatuib analysis and image display method of a kind of sky visible range numerical map according to claim 3, special
Sign is, the step 3) actual measurement is checked, using fish eye lens camera in the central point that need to survey the observation point of check by camera lens
Horizontal positioned shooting photo, shooting height is human eye actual height from the ground, takes 1.5-1.6 meters, obtains round photo；With through school
The area for the visible sky portion that core is crossed and round photo area data substitute into the computational algorithm for repeating step 2), obtain through school
The data of the average sky visibility factor of core.
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| CN108959347B (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2021-03-09 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Aurora observation candidate region determination method based on terrain and night light data |
| CN111311725B (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2023-06-13 | 星际空间（天津）科技发展有限公司 | Visual field analysis method for building |
| CN109883401B (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2021-03-02 | 东南大学 | Method and system for measuring visual field of city mountain watching |
| CN112444834B (en) | 2019-08-29 | 2024-07-30 | 华为技术有限公司 | Positioning method and electronic equipment |
| EP4046411A1 (en) | 2019-10-14 | 2022-08-24 | Cambium Networks Limited | Apparatus and method for determining a preferred location for installation of a radio transceiver |
| CN112084916A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-12-15 | 东南大学 | Automatic generation and diagnosis method for urban three-dimensional skyline contour line based on shielding rate |
| CN113256806A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-08-13 | 昆明理工大学 | Urban road sky visible field mass data optimization processing method |
| CN113379914A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-09-10 | 中煤航测遥感集团有限公司 | Generation method and device of visual corridor analysis chart and computer equipment |
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| 城市天空可视域的测度技术与类型解析;杨俊宴等;《城市规划》;20150309;第54-58页 |
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