CN105748220B - A kind of sick bed for being convenient for changing sheet - Google Patents
A kind of sick bed for being convenient for changing sheet Download PDFInfo
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- CN105748220B CN105748220B CN201610169271.9A CN201610169271A CN105748220B CN 105748220 B CN105748220 B CN 105748220B CN 201610169271 A CN201610169271 A CN 201610169271A CN 105748220 B CN105748220 B CN 105748220B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G7/00—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G7/00—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
- A61G7/047—Beds for special sanitary purposes, e.g. for giving enemas, irrigations, flushings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G7/00—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
- A61G7/05—Parts, details or accessories of beds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G2203/00—General characteristics of devices
- A61G2203/30—General characteristics of devices characterised by sensor means
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nursing (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Invalid Beds And Related Equipment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of sick bed for being convenient for changing sheet, belong to technical field of medical instruments, to solve trouble when more changing the sheet and nurse for patient, the sick bed includes tailstock plate, bedside plate, guardrail, bed board and headpiece, bedside plate is two, two bedside plates are parallel to each other, and the both ends of bedside plate connect tailstock plate and headpiece respectively；The guardrail and bed board are all disposed within bedside plate, and wherein guardrail is two, and two guardrails are separately positioned on the upper surface of two bedside plates；The bedside plate is rectangular parallelepiped structure, and two bedside plates are arranged on same horizontal plane；The upper and lower surface and plane-parallel of bedside plate；The bed board is made up of several bed board modules, and the size of each bed board module is identical, and multiple bed board modules are mutually juxtaposed, and the both ends of bed board module are connected with the side wall of two bedside plates respectively has beneficial effect convenient, fast, without sequelae.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of medical instruments, is related to a kind of sick bed, and in particular to a kind of disease for being convenient for changing sheet
Bed.
Background technology
Sick bed is alternatively referred to as medical bed, care bed etc., is the sick bed that patient uses in recuperation, and main use occasion has respectively
Large hospital, health clinics in towns and townships, community medical service center etc..Operating beds need removing patient when more changing the sheet, for one
As for patient, mobile position once may be very simple, but be to those sterns, waist, the back of the body, shoulder, fracture person an extra pain and
Strike；For can't take care of oneself or urgent patient, especially gatism patient, the stool and urine that nurses the sick are labor intensity
Big muscular labor, and uncivil health；Before particularly stern, the back of the body, waist, Shoulder fracture are not performed the operation, bed is changed to those fracture patients
It is single, rub one's body with a towel, buttock injections, the treatment and nursing such as inspection all cause suffering and hit to patient.And nursing difficulty is big.Possibly even
Therapeutic effect is influenceed, triggers some sequelae.
The content of the invention
According to above the deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are to propose that one kind is convenient for changing sheet
Sick bed, by set can movable independently bed board module, solve trouble when more changing the sheet and nurse for patient, have
Beneficial effect convenient, fast, without sequelae.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of sick bed for being convenient for changing sheet, the sick bed include tailstock plate, bedside plate, guardrail, bed board and headpiece, bed
Side plate is two, and two bedside plates are parallel to each other, and the both ends of bedside plate connect tailstock plate and headpiece respectively；The guardrail and bed
Plate is all disposed within bedside plate, and wherein guardrail is two, and two guardrails are separately positioned on the upper surface of two bedside plates；The bed
Side plate is rectangular parallelepiped structure, and two bedside plates are arranged on same horizontal plane；The upper and lower surface and plane-parallel of bedside plate；
The bed board is made up of several bed board modules, and the size of each bed board module is identical, and multiple bed board modules are mutually juxtaposed, bed board
Side wall of the both ends of module respectively with two bedside plates is connected.
Some skid assemblies, each skid assemblies including three slideways are designed with the relative one side of described two bedside plates,
Upper end inside every slideway is provided with square groove, and the length of side of square groove is equal to the width of slideway.The bed board module both ends
End be respectively provided with three protrusions；Six protrusions in each bed board module are in approximately the same plane and place plane and water
Plane is parallel；It is arranged in three protrusions of same one end, middle protrusion is cylindric, the cross section of the protrusion on both sides
To be square, the distance between axis of adjacent protrusions is equal；Distance in skid assemblies between adjacent slideway is equal to adjacent protrusions
The distance between axis, the width of slideway is equal to the diameter of cylindrical protrusion；Three of one end are prominent in same bed board module
The axis for going out three protrusions of axis and the other end of thing is respectively superposed.A cunning middle in three slideways in the skid assemblies
Elevator is provided with road, columned protrusion is inserted among in three slideways of skid assemblies in three protrusions of bed board module ends
Slideway in be flexibly connected with elevator, columned protrusion can be with rotatable around its axis, and the elevator is cuboid knot
Structure, its width are equal to the width of slideway.The length value of the elevator is plus the half of bed board module width value and less than cunning
The length in road.The bottom of the elevator is provided with easily can gloomy switch.The bed board module is provided with two expansion links, expansion link
It is square protrusion that both ends connect bed board module both ends cross section respectively, and control unit is additionally provided with bed board module and is received single
Member, control unit and receiving unit are connected by wire；The columned protrusion is provided with reset switch.The bed board mould
The upper surface of block is provided with sheet module, and the sheet module is connected with bed board module by Velcro.The sheet
The position being connected on the periphery and bed board module of module with sheet module periphery is designed with Velcro；The sheet mould
Block includes one layer of cloth and one layer of sponge, cloth are covered in above sponge.Humidity sensor is designed with each bed board module
Device and alarm unit；Humidity sensor and alarm unit in each bed board module have an independent numbering.The humidity
Sensor includes semiconductor detection unit, two times transfer unit and signal processing unit, and two are provided with semiconductor detection unit
Semiconductor gauge Rε1And R (10)ε2(11) it is r installed in radius0Diaphragm (9) on, semiconductor gauge be pressurized change
Output resistance responds, the output end connecting secondary converting unit of semiconductor detection unit, and two times transfer unit receives semiconductor inspection
The output signal of unit is surveyed, electrical response signal is converted to pulse width signal, the output of two times transfer unit by two times transfer unit
End connection signal processing unit, the output signal of signal processing unit Decoupling Analysis two times transfer unit, control module connection letter
Number processing unit is used for obtaining the temperature, relative humidity and atmospheric pressure for the mount point that signal processing unit calculates；It is described partly to lead
In body detection unit, a semiconductor gauge is arranged on home position, and another semiconductor gauge is arranged on to be justified with diaphragm
Centered on the heart, radius 0.89r0Concentric circles position on.
Present invention has the advantages that:Solve for patient more change the sheet and nurse when trouble, with it is convenient, fast,
There is no the beneficial effect of sequelae；Patient is alleviated significantly due to the pain brought of more changing the sheet, and can in time, effectively
Remind nursing staff to change the sheet of patient, comfortable mastery environment is provided for patient.
Brief description of the drawings
The content expressed by this specification accompanying drawing and the mark in figure are briefly described below：
Fig. 1 be the present invention embodiment sensor in foil gauge scheme of installation.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the sensor of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the diagram of strains of the foil gauge of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the sensor operating principles structured flowchart of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the signal flow block diagram of the sensor of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the pulse width signal change-over circuit figure of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the front view of the sick bed for being convenient for changing sheet of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the top view of the sick bed for being convenient for changing sheet of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the side view of the bedside plate of the sick bed for being convenient for changing sheet of the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the top view of the bed board module of the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 11 is the upward view of the bed board module of the embodiment of the present invention.
1 in figure, tailstock plate, 2, bedside plate, 3, guardrail, 4, bed board, 5, headpiece, 6 elevators, 7 cup-shaped supports, 8, air
Annular seal space, 9, diaphragm, 10, semiconductor gauge Rε1, 11, semiconductor gauge Rε2。
Embodiment
Below against accompanying drawing, by the description to embodiment, for example involved each component of embodiment of the invention
Shape, construction, the mutual alignment and annexation between each several part, the effect of each several part and operation principle, manufacturing process and
Operate with method etc., is described in further detail, to help those skilled in the art to inventive concept of the invention, technology
Scheme has more complete, accurate and deep understanding.
A kind of sick bed for being convenient for changing sheet, the sick bed include tailstock plate 1, bedside plate 2, guardrail 3, bed board 4 and the head of a bed
Plate 5.The tailstock plate 1 and headpiece 5 is parallel to each other and equal length, bedside plate 2 are two, and two bedside plates 2 are parallel to each other,
The both ends of bedside plate 2 connect tailstock plate 1 and headpiece 5 respectively, and the distance between two bedside plates 2 are less than tailstock plate 1 and the head of a bed
The length of plate 5.
The guardrail 3 and bed board 4 are all disposed within bedside plate 2, and wherein guardrail 3 is two, and two guardrails 3 are separately positioned on
The upper surface of two bedside plates 2.The bedside plate 2 is rectangular parallelepiped structure, and two bedside plates 2 are arranged on same horizontal plane.
The upper and lower surface and plane-parallel of bedside plate 2.
The bed board 4 is made up of several bed board modules, and the size of each bed board module is identical, and multiple bed board modules are mutual
Side by side, side wall of the both ends of bed board module respectively with two bedside plates 2 is connected.The length of bed board module is equal to two bedside plates 2
The distance between relative one side.
Some skid assemblies, each skid assemblies including three slideways are designed with the relative one side of two bedside plates 2, often
Upper end inside bar slideway is provided with square groove, and the length of side of square groove is equal to the width of slideway.The end at bed board module both ends
It is respectively provided with three protrusions.In each bed board module six protrusions are in approximately the same plane and place plane is put down with horizontal plane
OK.It is arranged in three protrusions of same one end, middle protrusion is cylindric, and the cross section of the protrusion on both sides is side
The distance between shape, the axis of adjacent protrusions is equal.Distance in skid assemblies between adjacent slideway is equal to the axle of adjacent protrusions
The distance between line, the width of slideway are equal to the diameter of cylindrical protrusion.Three protrusions of one end in same bed board module
The axis of three protrusions of axis and the other end be respectively superposed.The quantity of skid assemblies on bedside plate 2 is equal to bed board module
Skid assemblies in quantity and each bedside plate 2 correspond with bed board module, ensure the protrusion at each bed board module both ends
It can insert in corresponding skid assemblies.
In the slideway of the sliding way group of protrusion insertion bedside plate 2 at bed board module both ends.Three slideways in the skid assemblies
Elevator 6 is provided with one slideway of centre, columned protrusion inserts slideway in three protrusions of bed board module ends
It is flexibly connected in slideway among in three slideways of group with elevator 6, columned protrusion can be with rotatable around its axis.It is described
Elevator 6 is rectangular parallelepiped structure, and its width is equal to the width of slideway.
The upper surface of the bed board module is provided with sheet module, quickly divides in order to facilitate between sheet module and bed board module
From with being connected, the sheet module is connected with bed board module by Velcro.The periphery and bed of the sheet module
The position being connected in plate module with sheet module periphery is designed with Velcro.Patient can be allowed to relax in order that obtaining sick bed
Suitable bed, the sheet module includes one layer of cloth and one layer of sponge, cloth are covered in above sponge.
In order that obtaining elevator 6 drops to slide bottom, will not occur when bed board module rotates with the patient on sick bed dry
Relate to, that is, do not interfere with patient, the length value of the elevator 6 is plus the half and less than slideway of bed board module width value
Length.
The bed board module is provided with two expansion links, and the both ends of expansion link connect bed board module both ends cross section and are respectively
Square protrusion.Expansion link can drive square protrusion to move when flexible.Control unit is additionally provided with bed board module and is connect
Unit is received, described control unit is used to control the flexible of expansion link, and receiving unit is used for reception signal.Control unit and reception are single
Member is connected by wire.
The columned protrusion is provided with reset switch, after columned protrusion rotates 360 degree, reset switch
Send a reset signal.
The replacing for the sheet module being arranged on for convenience in bed board module, the bottom of the elevator 6 are provided with Yi Nengsen
Switch, when elevator 6 drops to slide bottom, the bottom of elevator 6 contacts with the bottom of slideway, gloomy can easily switch and be squeezed
Pressure, it gloomy can easily switch and send signal.Receiving unit is received after easily gloomy switching the signal sent, control unit control expansion link
Shrink, square protrusion retraction bed board inside modules, bed board module can rotate around the axis of columned protrusion, bed board mould
After block upset 180 degree, the sheet module in bed board module can be manually changed；Bed board module can be turned over again after the module that more changes the sheet
Turnback, such columned protrusion have rotated 360 degree, and reset switch sends reset signal, and receiving unit receives reset
After signal, control unit control expansion link elongation, square protrusion stretches out the cunning of the sliding way group of bed board module insertion bedside plate 2
In road；After expansion link elongation in place, elevator 6 drives bed board module to rise, until bed board module returns to origin-location, completion one
The replacing of individual bed board module, then carry out the replacing of next bed board module.So progressively change the sheet module in bed board module
It can to greatest extent reduce because the modular belt that more changes the sheet gives patient's sequelae, greatly reduce the pain of patient.
The top of the elevator 6 is provided with the second easy gloomy switch of energy, when elevator 6 rises bed board module is returned to originally
Position, the top of elevator 6 can trigger the second easily gloomy switch of energy, the second easily gloomy switch of energy and pass to the top contact of slideway
Control unit, control unit control expansion link secondary extension,
The diameter of cylindric protrusion is equal with the length of side of square protrusion cross section.
Because bed board 4 is made up of several bed board modules, and sheet module is designed with each bed board module, works as patient
When gatism causes sick bed local pollution, it is only necessary to change gdna contamination bed board module and go to bed single module, it is not necessary to will
Diaper is changed or placed on sheet to sheet whole.In order to find whether patient wets the bed early, in each bed board module
Provided with humidity sensor and alarm unit.Humidity sensor and alarm unit in each bed board module have an independent volume
Number.In order to prevent alarm unit from causing too big interference, the alarm unit includes two light warning modules and acoustical alarm
Module；Two light warning modules are separately positioned in bed board module and nurse's night shift room, the alarm of light warning module
It is very small for the brightness of optical alert and light；Acoustical alarm module is arranged on nurse's night shift room, and the alarm of acoustical alarm module is
Acoustic alert but audio warning is larger.Humidity sensor and alarm unit are connected by wire with control unit.Humidity sensor
After measuring sheet humidity over limit, exceeded signal can be sent to control unit by humidity sensor, and control unit control passes through humidity
Sensor is numbered to judge the position of contaminated bed board module, and then control unit controls the alarm list of corresponding bed board module
Member is alarmed, i.e., optical alert is sent with light warning module, and acoustical alarm module sends acoustic alert.
The humidity sensor includes semiconductor detection unit, two times transfer unit and signal processing unit, semiconductor inspection
Survey in unit and be provided with two semiconductor gauge Rε110 and Rε211 installed in radius be r0Diaphragm 9 on, semiconductor gauge by
Piezoresistance change output resistance response, the output end connecting secondary converting unit of semiconductor detection unit, two times transfer list
Member receives the output signal of semiconductor detection unit, and electrical response signal is converted to pulse width signal by two times transfer unit, secondary
The output end connection signal processing unit of converting unit, the output signal of signal processing unit Decoupling Analysis two times transfer unit,
Receiving unit connects signal processing unit, the temperature for the mount point that control unit process signal processing unit calculates, relatively wet
Degree and atmospheric pressure.
In the semiconductor detection unit, the resistance change of two semiconductor gauges is equal, one of semiconductor
Foil gauge is arranged on home position, and another semiconductor gauge is arranged on radius 0.89r0Concentric circles position on.It is described
Two times transfer unit includes two identical pulse signal change-over circuits, and a semiconductor gauge is corresponding to connect a pulse letter
Number change-over circuit, pulse signal change-over circuit include 555 timers, resistance R and electric capacity C, and resistance R is connected to the 2 of 555 timers
Number between pin and No. 3 pins, electric capacity C is connected on No. 2 pins of 555 timers, No. 2 pins and No. 6 pin short circuits, No. 3
Pin and No. 7 pin short circuits, No. 7 pin output pulse widths of 555 timers are signally attached to signal processing unit.The pulse letter
The pulse width conversion formula of number change-over circuit is τ=ln2CR, and τ is output pulse width in formula, and R is the resistance in circuit, and C is cloud
Female mark pseudo-capacitance, pulsewidth output τ are directly proportional to respective institute connecting resistance R.Two in semiconductor detection unit of the diaphragm
The strain variation of semiconductor gauge is divided into normal strain section and negative strain section, with radius 0.63r0Concentric circles be boundary.Institute
State and GPS unit and atmospheric pressure numerical tabular are provided with signal processing unit, GPS unit, which is connected on signal processing unit, to be used for positioning
The longitude and latitude of sensor mount point, inquire about the atmospheric pressure numerical value of mount point.Filament saturation water is provided with the signal processing unit
Vapour partial pressure table, signal processing unit call corresponding saturation vapour partial pressure value using temperature.The humidity sensor is arranged on circle
In the cup-shaped support 7 of cylindricality, diaphragm 9 is arranged on the upper surface of cup-shaped support 7, and diaphragm 9 selects brass diaphragm, the He of cup-shaped support 7
Aeroseal chamber 8 is provided between brass diaphragm, two semiconductor gauges 10 and 11 are arranged on the surface of brass diaphragm.
The signal processing unit utilizes the difference of steam partial pressure and sensitive resistance in air, the arteries and veins after quadratic transformation
The difference of counting wide and its to frequency all the time is directly proportional, and the counting sum of atmospheric temperature and sensing element is in the corresponding letter of monodrome
Number relation, calculates differential pressure value suffered by foil gauge, steam partial pressure value and temperature value.The signal processing unit is satisfied using temperature
With water vapor partial pressure table, corresponding saturation vapour partial pressure value is called using temperature value, is calculated relatively according to the formula of relative humidity
Humidity.
A kind of control method of humidity sensor, methods described step include：Step 1: connection install sensor circuit,
Two semiconductor gauge collecting temperatures and air pressure are set；Step 2: the installation site of two semiconductor gauges of adjustment, confirms
The resistance change of two semiconductor gauges is equal；Step 3: the resistance change of semiconductor gauge is input to secondary turn
Change unit and carry out pulse width conversion, output pulse width signal；Step 4: signal processing unit receives the pulsewidth of two times transfer unit output
Signal, the variable quantity of semiconductor gauge is analyzed using Dalton's law, foil gauge principle and analytic method, parses temperature and water
Partial vapour pressure information, calculate the relative humidity and atmospheric pressure of tested point；Step 5: signal processing unit link control module,
Control module receives temperature, relative humidity and the pressure information of tested point.
The signal processing unit utilizes the difference of steam partial pressure and sensitive resistance semiconductor gauge in air, through two
Pulsewidth after secondary conversion and its difference of the counting to frequency all the time are directly proportional, the counting sum of atmospheric temperature and sensitive resistance
Logarithm inversely, calculate differential pressure value Δ P, steam partial pressure P suffered by foil gaugeWWith temperature value t.The signal transacting
Unit utilizes filament saturation water vapor partial pressure table, corresponding saturation vapour partial pressure value is called according to temperature value, according to relative humidity
FormulaRelative humidity is calculated, in formulaFor relative humidity, PWSFor the saturation in atmospheric pressure at a certain temperature
Water vapor partial pressure power.
First, atmospheric condition parameter
Dalton's law points out that the gross pressure of hybrid atmospheric is equal to the partial pressure sum of each composition gas, such as formula (1) institute
Show：
PM=Pd+PW(Pa) (1)
P in formulaM(Pa) it is the gross pressure of mixed gas, Pd(Pa) it is the partial pressure of dry atmosphere, PW(Pa) it is institute in air
Containing water vapor partial pressure, wherein PWIn PMAccount for lion's share, only 5% or so, therefore PMAnd PdPressure relatively normal atmosphere
Pressure.
Relative humidity(RH%) formula is：
In formulaRepresent relative humidity, PWSFor atmospheric pressure at a certain temperature, saturation vapour partial pressure (Pa), it is with temperature
And become, it can be tabled look-up by known temperature or be tried to achieve by regression fit curvilinear equation.It can be obtained by formula (1), if can be surveyed by instrument
Go out differential pressure PM–Pd, you can calculate PW, then with measured temperature, looked in density of moist air, water vapour pressure, the water capacity table of comparisons
To PWS, relative humidity can be calculated by formula (2)(RH%).
2nd, foil gauge and its transfer characteristic
In sensor foil gauge scheme of installation as shown in figure 1, sensor structural representation as shown in Fig. 2 strain
The transfer characteristic and Strain Distribution of piece are as shown in Figure 3.Warm integrated level relative humidity baroceptor is integrally a cylindrical shape
Shell, shell include cup-shaped support 7 and brass diaphragm, and brass membrane covered forms therebetween a sky in cup-shaped support 7
Hermetic seal chamber 8, two semiconductor gauges are arranged on brass diaphragm, are calculated by the resistance variations for measuring semiconductor gauge
Temperature, relative humidity and the atmospheric pressure data gone out in humidity sensor installation environment.Analysis calculates temperature, relative humidity and air
Two times transfer unit, signal processing unit needed for pressure may be mounted on brass diaphragm, can also be arranged on cup-shaped support
Side, signal is transmitted by connection.
Hybrid atmospheric presses PMStepless action is in the outer surface of flexible sheet, the then differential pressure of diaphragm both sides：
Δ P=PM–Pre=PW+Pd-Pre (Pa) (3)
P in formulare=4104(Pa) it is the reference pressure set in annular seal space, Pd=101325 (Pa) are normal atmosphere
Pressure, so as to calculate air reclaimed water partial pressure of vapor PW(Pa)
Under differential pressure Δ P effects, the distribution of membrane surface upper stress and strain is shown below：
Radial stress：
Radial strain：
More preferable from brass membrane flexive in the present invention in formula, E (Pa) is membrane flexive modulus, about 7*1010Pa, μ are about
It is Poisson's ratio for 0.33, r0For the outer radius 40 (mm) of diaphragm 9, h is the diaphragm thickness 0.1 (mm) of diaphragm 9, and b is cup-shaped support
Thickness 5 (mm), the height 10 (mm) of cup-shaped support, Δ P acts on the differential pressure (Pa) of diaphragm both sides, and r (mm) is point of observation
Radius.
If known constant is substituted into (4) formula, circumferential stress σ can be obtainedR=0=8*104*ΔP (Pa) (6)
The sensitivity coefficient K of foil gaugeεWith transfer characteristic such as formula (7) Suo Shi：
R in formula0For t=0 DEG C and εrSheet resistance (Ω), K are strained when=0εAbout 125, Δ RεThen for foil gauge in εrExcitation
The variable quantity (Ω) of lower resistance, (6) formula substitution (7) can be obtained：
If by E=7*1010Pa substitutes into formula and understood, the relative resistance change that foil gauge can be output, under maximum range
Only 10-2Magnitude, therefore quadratic transformation and signal processing circuit need to be added in a device, to obtain required sensitivity and resolution
Power.
3rd, quadratic transformation and signal transmission flow
Operation principle structured flowchart as shown in figure 4, humidity sensor include semiconductor detection unit, two times transfer unit,
Signal processing unit, two semiconductor gauges is provided with semiconductor detection unit, semiconductor gauge is become by piezoresistance
Change output resistance response, the output end connecting secondary converting unit of semiconductor detection unit, two times transfer unit receives semiconductor
Electrical response signal is converted to pulse width signal by the output signal of detection unit, two times transfer unit, two times transfer unit it is defeated
Go out end connection signal processing unit, the output signal of signal processing unit Decoupling Analysis two times transfer unit, control module connection
Temperature, relative humidity and the atmospheric pressure for the mount point that signal processing unit receipt signal processing unit calculates.
Signal flow block diagram is as shown in figure 5, two times transfer unit includes two identical pulse signal change-over circuits, pulse
Signaling conversion circuit is made up of 555 timer C1 and C2, and two times transfer unit and signal processing unit are additionally provided with gating switch, choosing
Switched with C3, signal processing unit is mainly formed as C4 single-chip microcomputers.R in Fig. 5ε1And Rε2In PWUnder being encouraged with t, each produce different
R1And R2Response, they each produce τ after C1, C2 chip 555 of two identical pulse signal change-over circuits converts1With
τ2(S) pulsewidth exports, and the pulse width signal delivers to C4 single-chip microcomputers and carries out signal transacting again after C3 switching gates.Pulse signal is changed
For circuit as shown in fig. 6, resistance R is connected between No. 2 pins of C timers 555 and No. 3 pins, electric capacity C is connected to 555 timings
On No. 2 pins of device, No. 2 pins and No. 6 pin short circuits, No. 3 pins and No. 7 pin short circuits, No. 7 pins of 555 timers are defeated
Go out pulse width signal and be connected to signal processing unit.Due to the difference of foil gauge, resistance and output pulse width in two impulse circuits
R can be used1And R2、τ1And τ2Represent.
Pulse width conversion formula：τ=ln2CR (S) corresponds to two pulse signal change-over circuits：
τ1=ln2C0·R1 (S) (9)
τ2=ln2C0·R2 (S) (10)
τ in formula1And τ2For two-way pulsewidth output signal, R corresponding to two semiconductor gauges1And R2For semiconductor strain
The increased resistance value measurement unit of piece is Ω, C0(F) it is mica standard electric capacity, about 0.72 × 10-6F, above formula show that pulsewidth is defeated
Go out and respective institute connecting resistance R1And R2It is directly proportional.
4th, in multifactor input, the decoupling processing of response is synthesized
In τ1And τ2In be implied with water vapor partial pressure PWWith two kinds of information of temperature t, it how is allowed in follow-up Data processing
Separation, it need to realize information separation by data decoupler technology and restore.
R1And R2Resistance variations formula is：
R in formula0Resistance on the basis of=1000 Ω；B=4850 (K) is the resistance temperature coefficient of semiconductor gauge；T0=273 (K)
For reference temperature(TR)；T (K) is input temp；ΔRε1With Δ Rε2Respectively R1And R2It is each caused electric under atmospheric pressure excitation
Hinder increment.Two formulas more than, if allowing Δ Rε1With Δ Rε2Numerical value is identical, but positive and negative on the contrary, i.e. (11) and (12) formula is variable
Into：
Two formulas are subtracted each other or are added by more than, so that it may isolate PWWith two kinds of input information of t, that is, R1+R2=f when being addedt(T),
With R1-R2=f when subtracting each otherε(PW), i.e., and with the result of difference only corresponded with single input information, Δ Rε1=-Δ Rε2=Δ
Rε。
Referring to Fig. 2, whole diaphragm outer surface is under differential pressure Δ P effects, with radius r=0.63r0For boundary, divide into positive and negative
Two strain regions.By center of circle part inner circle Wei Zheng ε areas, and periphery excircle part then Wei Fu ε areas are leaned on, in the suitable of this two regions
On position, it can find that ε numerical value is equal but opposite polarity two points, one is in circle centre position, r1=0, and another point passes through (5) formula
It is calculated as r2=0.89r0Place.Two piece performance identical semiconductor gauges are configured on this 2 points, and are allowed on its center and diaphragm
Reference point overlaps, and is then achieved that the quantitative relationship of (13) and (14) formula.
(14) formula is added to obtain (13) formula
ε information has been eliminated in above formula to (R1+R2) quantitative interference, but R1And R2It is respectively coupled to 555 chips
In charge-discharge circuit, therefore can not be by R1And R2Directly it is added, now need to just passes through data operation and handle to realize.If allow pulsewidth
τ1And τ2To clock frequency f in single-chip microcomputer0Count, then have count value N1And N2For：
N1=τ1·f0 (16)
N2=τ2·f0 (17)
τ1+τ2=(N1+N2)/f0(S) (18)
Simultaneous above formula, and can be obtained by arrangement：
Celsius temperature：T=T-273 (DEG C) (20)
Each constant coefficient is in R in formula0=1000 Ω, C0=7.2*10-6F and f0Calculated under the conditions of=10MHZ.From R1With
R2Two times transfer information in isolate strain and steam partial pressure PWEtc. information, (13) formula is subtracted into (14) formula, can be obtained
R1-R2=2 Δs Rε=2R0Kε·ε(Ω) (21)
Recycle τ1-τ2=(N1-N2)/f0(5), the simultaneous such as (9), (10) formula, it is collated to obtain,
Δ P=10 (N1-N2)(Pa) (22)
Formula (19) and (22) are two kinds of input-output characteristic equations of sensor, have enough sensitivity and divide
Distinguish power.It is knownP in formulaWSCan by temperature t through tabling look-up or following regression equations calculate,
PWS=aEXP (bt) (Pa) (23)
A is 6.16 (Pa) in formula, and b is that 0.064 (1/ DEG C) is fitting constant, then
PWS=6.16EXP (0.064t) (Pa) (24)
Atmospheric pressure is not a definite value, is had differences with the difference of landing pit height above sea level, while also with season temperature
Degree changes and slight change, to PWCalculating can be described approx with following formula：
PW=Δ P+Pre-Bf(T)+h·8.76(Pa) (25)
H is local height above sea level (m) in formula, and coefficient 8.76 (Pa/m) is atmospheric pressure attenuation slope, and f (T) is temperature adjustmemt
Coefficient can pass through the matched curve of measured data of experiment and be estimated.Due to being in coastal area winter summer air pressure change ratio
1.02, and be only 1.0026 in Qinghai Area winter Charpy.Decline with temperature and be increased slightly.Therefore the small shadow of temperature ought not be considered
Ring, and at coastal area, (25) formula can be reduced to：
PW=Δ P+ (Pre- B)=10 (N1-N2)+(Pre-B)(Pa) (26)
One of theoretical foundation of this paper resolvings is that standard atmospheric pressure is constant, and actual atmospheric pressure is with local height above sea level
Degree and becomes, when device territory of use height above sea level and it is larger with reference to difference in height when, P in formula (3)dSchool should be given by software
Just, to maintain the data conversion precision of water vapor partial pressure power.So the present invention is provided with GPS unit and air in signal processing unit
Numerical tabular is pressed, GPS unit is connected to the longitude and latitude for being used for alignment sensor mount point on signal processing unit, inquires about mount point
Atmospheric pressure numerical value is the partial pressure of the dry air intracavitary in sensor, and the air reclaimed water that binding signal processing unit calculates is steamed
Qi leel pressure value, and then utilize formula (1)：PM=Pd+PW(Pa) pressure of the pressure value of hybrid atmospheric, i.e. mount point is calculated
Value.
So far, the numerical value of temperature, relative humidity and atmospheric pressure, which can calculate to solve, comes.Humidity sensor provided by the invention
Utensil has simple in construction, easy to implement.Obtained in the present invention through analytic method：In air steam partial pressure and sensitive resistance it
The difference of difference, i.e., the pulsewidth after quadratic transformation and its counting to frequency all the time, it is directly proportional, and atmospheric temperature then with sensitivity
The logarithm of the counting sum of element is inversely.The theoretical foundation of this paper resolvings is that physical atmosphere is constant, actual
Atmospheric pressure become with local height above sea level, when device territory of use height above sea level with it is larger with reference to difference in height when, should pass through
Software is corrected, to maintain the data conversion precision of water vapor partial pressure power.
The present invention is exemplarily described above in conjunction with accompanying drawing, it is clear that present invention specific implementation is not by aforesaid way
Limitation, as long as the improvement of the various unsubstantialities of inventive concept and technical scheme of the present invention progress is employed, or without changing
Enter and the design of the present invention and technical scheme are directly applied into other occasions, within protection scope of the present invention.This hair
Bright protection domain should be determined by the scope of protection defined in the claims.
Claims (8)
- A kind of 1. sick bed for being convenient for changing sheet, it is characterised in that：The sick bed includes tailstock plate (1), bedside plate (2), guardrail (3), bed board (4) and headpiece (5), bedside plate (2) are two, and two bedside plates (2) are parallel to each other, the both ends of bedside plate (2) Tailstock plate (1) and headpiece (5) are connected respectively；The guardrail (3) and bed board (4) are all disposed within bedside plate (2), wherein guardrail (3) it is two, two guardrails (3) are separately positioned on the upper surface of two bedside plates (2)；The bedside plate (2) is cuboid knot Structure, two bedside plates (2) are arranged on same horizontal plane；The upper and lower surface and plane-parallel of bedside plate (2)；The bed board (4) it is made up of several bed board modules, the size of each bed board module is identical, and multiple bed board modules are mutually juxtaposed, bed board module Side wall of the both ends respectively with two bedside plates (2) be connected；Described two bedside plates (2) are designed with some on relative one side Skid assemblies, each skid assemblies including three slideways, the upper end inside every slideway are provided with square groove, the length of side of square groove Equal to the width of slideway；The end at the bed board module both ends is respectively provided with three protrusions；Six in each bed board module are prominent Go out thing in approximately the same plane and place plane and plane-parallel；It is arranged in three protrusions of same one end, middle is prominent Go out thing to be cylindric, the cross section of the protrusion on both sides is square, and the distance between axis of adjacent protrusions is equal；Skid assemblies In distance between adjacent slideway be equal to the distance between axis of adjacent protrusions, the width of slideway is equal to the straight of cylindrical protrusion Footpath；The axis of three protrusions of the axis of three protrusions of one end and the other end is respectively superposed in same bed board module；Institute State bed board module and be provided with two expansion links, it is square protrusion that the both ends of expansion link connect bed board module both ends cross section respectively Thing, control unit and receiving unit is additionally provided with bed board module, control unit is connected with receiving unit by wire；The cylinder The protrusion of shape is provided with reset switch.
- 2. the sick bed of sheet is convenient for changing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the skid assemblies in three slideways in Between a slideway in be provided with elevator (6), columned protrusion inserts skid assemblies in three protrusions of bed board module ends It is flexibly connected in slideway among in three slideways with elevator (6), columned protrusion can be described with rotatable around its axis Elevator (6) is rectangular parallelepiped structure, and its width is equal to the width of slideway.
- 3. the sick bed of sheet is convenient for changing according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The length value of the elevator (6) adds Half and less than slideway the length of upper bed board module width value.
- 4. the sick bed of sheet is convenient for changing according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The bottom of the elevator (6) is provided with Yi Nengsen is switched.
- 5. the sick bed of sheet is convenient for changing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The upper surface of the bed board module is provided with Sheet module, the sheet module are connected with bed board module by Velcro.
- 6. the sick bed of sheet is convenient for changing according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The periphery and bed board of the sheet module The position being connected in module with sheet module periphery is designed with Velcro；The sheet module include one layer of cloth and One layer of sponge, cloth are covered in above sponge.
- 7. the sick bed of sheet is convenient for changing according to claim 1-6 any one, it is characterised in that：Each bed board mould Humidity sensor and alarm unit are designed with block；Humidity sensor and alarm unit in each bed board module have one solely Vertical numbering.
- 8. the sick bed of sheet is convenient for changing according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The humidity sensor includes semiconductor Detection unit, two times transfer unit and signal processing unit, two semiconductor gauge R are provided with semiconductor detection unitε1 And R (10)ε2(11) it is r installed in radius0Diaphragm (9) on, semiconductor gauge is pressurized the output resistance response that changes, half The output end connecting secondary converting unit of conductor detection unit, two times transfer unit receive the output letter of semiconductor detection unit Number, electrical response signal is converted to pulse width signal, the output end connection signal transacting of two times transfer unit by two times transfer unit Unit, the output signal of signal processing unit Decoupling Analysis two times transfer unit, control module connection signal processing unit are used for Obtain temperature, relative humidity and the atmospheric pressure for the mount point that signal processing unit calculates；In the semiconductor detection unit, one Individual semiconductor gauge is arranged on home position, and another semiconductor gauge is arranged on centered on the diaphragm center of circle, radius 0.89r0Concentric circles position on.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610169271.9A CN105748220B (en) | 2016-03-21 | 2016-03-21 | A kind of sick bed for being convenient for changing sheet |
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| CN201610169271.9A CN105748220B (en) | 2016-03-21 | 2016-03-21 | A kind of sick bed for being convenient for changing sheet |
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| CN201610169271.9A Active CN105748220B (en) | 2016-03-21 | 2016-03-21 | A kind of sick bed for being convenient for changing sheet |
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| CN106821647B (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2017-10-13 | 新乡市华西卫材有限公司 | The automatic apparatus that more changes the sheet |
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