CN105703423B

CN105703423B - Charge control method, charging equipment and charging system

Info

Publication number: CN105703423B
Application number: CN201610044854.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王富明
Original assignee: Meizu Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Meizu Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2016-01-22
Filing date: 2016-01-22
Publication date: 2018-10-23
Anticipated expiration: 2036-01-22
Also published as: CN105703423A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of charge control method, charging equipment and charging systems.The charge control method includes the following steps：The voltage value of the rechargeable battery of electric terminal is obtained, and judges whether the voltage value is located in default first voltage range, is to send out first control signal；The first output voltage is set according to the control signal, and opens the first charging module, is charged the battery.By obtaining the voltage value of rechargeable battery, to export control signal, the first charging module of control is opened, is charged the battery, and so as to carry out charge control according to the virtual voltage situation of rechargeable battery, ensure that efficient, the safety of charging process.Further, the communication of charging equipment and electric terminal can be passed through, current output voltage, current output current, the input current of electric terminal and the input voltage etc. of charging equipment are monitored, and then controls fast charge setting, further improves speed and the safety of quick charge.

Description

Charging control method, charging equipment and charging system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of quick charging, in particular to a charging control method, charging equipment and a charging system.

Background

With the increase of the configuration of portable electronic terminals, especially intelligent electronic terminals, the consumption of electric quantity is also increasing. In recent years, the technology for improving the battery capacity under the same volume is in a bottleneck, and the endurance requirement of the intelligent portable electronic terminal cannot be met, so that the charging frequency of the portable electronic terminal is more frequent, the charging time is longer and longer due to the increase of the charging times, and the user experience is seriously influenced.

As shown in fig. 1, is a block diagram of an example charging environment for an electronic terminal in the prior art. The environment comprises a charging device 10, which charging device 10 is capable of providing a charging current via a charging output connector 11. The charging device 10 may have a power plug 13 to obtain power from a conventional power outlet and use conventional components (not shown) to convert Alternating Current (AC) to Direct Current (DC) at a predetermined voltage suitable for charging the electronic terminal 30 via the conventional cable 20.

In another prior art, the power plug 13 may be a conventional DC power plug (not shown) connected to a conventional component (not shown) that converts incoming DC current and voltage into an appropriate DC current and voltage for charging the electronic terminal 30.

In another prior art, the charging device 10 may include a battery 12, the battery 12 being used to provide charging current in the event that no AC power source is available or the charging device 10 does not include a power plug. Examples of the charging device 10 include: the charging equipment with the output power within 100W and the output voltage below 20V comprises but is not limited to a mobile phone charger/equipment, a portable computer charger/equipment, a USB interface charger/equipment, a desktop computer, a portable computer and the like.

The charging output connector 11 of the charging device 10 is connected to one end of the cable 20 via a compatible type connector 21. The other end of the cable 20 is connected to a connector 31 of the electronic terminal 30 via a compatible type of connector 22. When the cable 20 is coupled to the charging device 10 and the electronic terminal 30, the connector 11 of the charging device 10 will appear as a charging output port to the electronic terminal 30. The interface of the electronic terminal 30 will appear as a charging input port.

In another prior art, the connector 21 of the cable 20 and the connector 11 of the charging device 10 are combined into one connector that cannot be detached from the charging device 10.

The electronic terminal 30 is any portable device capable of receiving a charging current via the connector 31 and charging a battery 32 coupled to the electronic terminal 30 within the electronic terminal 30. Some examples of electronic terminals 30 include cell phones, cellular phones, mp3/mp4 players, laptops, smart watches, smart bracelets, tablets, personal gaming devices, and the like.

In order to shorten the charging time, a large charging current is needed to charge the battery, the current is transmitted from the charging device to the portable electronic terminal through the charging cable, and then sequentially passes through the charging device, the charging cable, the charging circuit inside the portable electronic terminal and a plurality of connectors, and finally reaches the charging battery, the positions of the charging battery and the charging cable all have non-negligible resistance, and the formula P is equal to I²R, current increases by 3 times, heat generation increases by 9 times, and loss increases by 9 times.

The first existing fast charging technique: the charging equipment inputs larger power into the portable electronic terminal to charge the battery through the charging cable in unit time by increasing the output current, and the charging equipment is called low-voltage quick charging for short. The low-voltage quick charging method has the advantages that the cable needs to be thickened, the cross section area of the cable conductor needs to be increased, the number of golden fingers of the connector needs to be increased, the gold-plated layer needs to be thickened, the power loss of the cable, the wiring and the connector is reduced, the impedance of the cable is very sensitive when the portable electronic terminal using the technology is charged, the quick charging can be carried out only by using a special low-impedance cable, and the quick charging cannot be safely carried out if a universal USB cable is replaced.

The second existing fast charging technique: the charging equipment inputs larger power to the portable electronic terminal through a charging cable in unit time in a mode of increasing output voltage to charge the battery, namely high-voltage quick charging. The high-voltage quick charging requires a direct-current pressurizing device to be added in the portable electronic terminal, and at present, an inductance charging and discharging mode is generally used for direct-current voltage reduction. The typical conversion efficiency of the technology of charging and discharging the inductor as direct current voltage reduction is 90%. The charging equipment outputs 24W of power, and the power consumed by the inductance charging and discharging direct current voltage reduction unit is 2.4W.

In addition, the first prior art uses a mode of connecting the input/output interfaces of the single chip microcomputer respectively disposed in the charging device and the single chip microcomputer disposed in the portable electronic terminal to each other to transmit the communication signal between the charging device and the portable electronic terminal. The low-level noise margin and the high-level noise margin of the interface are insufficient, and when the cable IR drop is greater than a certain level, the communication between the portable electronic terminal and the charging device cannot be stably performed.

The second prior art completes the one-way communication of the charging device at the electronic terminal end in a manner of alternately pumping electricity with a large current and a small current according to a certain rule, and has the first disadvantage that only the portable electronic terminal can perform one-way communication on the charging device, the charging device cannot send signals to the portable electronic terminal, the second disadvantage that the transmitted instructions are limited, the intensive adjustment of the output voltage of the charging device cannot be realized, and the second disadvantage that the charging current is inevitably reduced in the transmission process, so that the charging time is prolonged.

The third prior art realizes communication between the portable electronic terminal and the charging device by alternately changing the levels of the first signal line and the second signal line through the portable electronic terminal, has the first disadvantage that the portable electronic terminal can only perform one-way communication with the charging device, the charging device cannot send signals to the portable electronic terminal, and has the second disadvantage that transmitted instructions are limited, and the intensive adjustment of the output voltage of the charging device cannot be realized.

As shown in fig. 2, which is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the charging environment of fig. 1, in a general electronic terminal charging behavior: the output current of the charging device 10 flows through the power pin of the charging cable connector 21 via the power pin of the connector 11, flows to the power pin of the connector 22 via the power line of the charging cable, flows to the power pin of the charging input connector 31 of the electronic terminal, flows through the charging input circuit line of the electronic terminal and the battery cell, is coupled to the ground pin of the charging input connector 31, and returns to the ground pin of the charging output connector 11 of the charging device 10 via the ground pin of the charging cable connector 22, the ground pin of the charging cable, the ground pin of the connector 21 of the charging cable. In the loop, equivalent resistors RS121, RS201 and RS231 are connected in series through a power cable and a connector in sequence; wiring inside the electronic terminal and connecting the equivalent resistors Rpcb1 and Rpcb2 in series and a cell equivalent resistor Rcell in series; the ground cable and the connector are connected with equivalent resistors RS232, RS202 and RS122 in series.

The above prior art has at least the following technical problems:

1. communication stability problems

When the charging device 10 charges the electronic terminal 30 through the cable 20, the current passes through the power line and the connector series equivalent resistors RS121, RS201 and RS231 in sequence, and the electronic terminal charging circuit equivalent resistors Rpcb1 and Rpcb2 in sequence; and then returns to the charging device 10 through the ground line and the connector series equivalent resistors RS232, RS202, RS122 in sequence. The power supply path series equivalent resistance Rhp ═ RS121+ RS201+ RS231+ Rpcb1 designed as high-voltage fast charging is designed as 150mR, the ground loop series equivalent resistance Rhg ═ Rpcb2+ RS232+ RS202+ RS122 is designed as 150mR, and the maximum charging current is designed as I_maxWhen the ground loop voltage drops to Δ V, 3A_gnd＝R_gnd*I_max＝0.45V。

The equivalent resistance Rhg-Rcpcb 2+ RS232+ RS202+ RS12 of the cable-ground loop from the charging device to the electronic terminal designed as low-voltage quick charging is designed as 60mR, and the maximum charging current is designed as I_maxWhen 6A, the initial voltage drop of the ground loop is Δ V_gnd＝R_gnd*I_max0.36V. After the RS122 and RS232 in the ground loop are increased by 20mR after the connector pins are worn, oxidized and deformed along with the increase of the plugging times of the cables, the series equivalent resistance of the ground loop is increased to 60mR +20 mR-80 mR., and the initial voltage drop of the ground loop is delta V_gnd＝R_gnd*I_max＝6A*0.08r＝0.48V。

In the prior art, a single chip microcomputer with 3.3V working voltage is respectively arranged at a charging equipment end and an electronic terminal end, and the low level tolerance of an input/output port of the single chip microcomputer is 0-0.4V; the high-level tolerance is (VDD-0.4V) -VDD, if VDD is connected to 3.3V, the high-level tolerance is 2.9-3.3V, and input and output ports of the two singlechips are directly connected to serve as a physical medium for communication in the charging process.

When the electronic terminal sends a signal, the charging equipment receives the signal: the output level of the singlechip communication output port arranged at the electronic terminal end is 0V, and the voltage reaching the singlechip communication input port at the charging equipment end is 0V + delta V_gnd0.48V; the singlechip communication output port arranged at the electronic terminal outputs high level 3.3V, and the voltage reaching the singlechip input port at the charging equipment end is 3.3V + delta V_gnd＝3.78V。

When the charging equipment terminal sends a signal, the electronic terminal receives the signal: the singlechip communication output port arranged at the charging equipment end outputs low level 0V, and the voltage reaching the singlechip communication input port at the charging equipment end is 0V-delta V_gnd-0.48V; the singlechip communication output port arranged at the charging equipment end outputs high level 3.3V, and the voltage reaching the singlechip input port at the electronic terminal end is 3.3V-delta V_gnd＝2.82V。

Therefore, no matter high-voltage quick charging or low-voltage quick charging is used, when the charging current is large or the plugging frequency is increased to a certain degree, the communication level of the single chip microcomputer placed at the charging equipment end and the single chip microcomputer placed in the electronic terminal is beyond the normal tolerance range, and the communication cannot be stably carried out.

2. Cable power loss is big transmission efficiency low problem when low pressure is filled soon

Charging equipment, charging cable and charging loop impedance of electronic terminal configured with low-voltage quick charging technology

Rh＝(RS121+RS201+RS231+Rpcb1+Rcell+Rpcb2+RS232+RS202+RS122)

Controlled to be near 120mR, and when 4.5A direct current is passed, its power loss is defined by formula P ═ I²Calculating cable loss P₂2.43W. When the battery reaches the typical maximum voltage of 4.35V, the power input into the battery is calculated as P ═ I ^ V₁19.57W, the maximum transmission efficiency is P₂/(P₁+P₂)＝88％；

When the battery is at the lowest voltage of 3V which is typical of quick charging, the power P input into the battery is calculated by P ═ I ^ V₁13.5W, so the minimum transmission efficiency is 84% of eta, P1/(P1+ P2), and the average transmission efficiency of the cable is 86%

3. The low-voltage quick charging has high requirement on the impedance of the cable and the universality of the charging cable is poor

Taking a typical universal USB cable as an example, the loop impedance Rh is designed to be 250mR, and the connector loop impedance is designed to be 40 mR. If the charging equipment and the electronic terminal which support the low-voltage quick charging technology are connected by the cable to charge the battery, the power loss of the cable is changed from P to I²R is calculated as 5.06W, and the power loss at the Micro USB or typeC connector position is also calculated by P ═ I²R was calculated as 0.81W. The total power loss was 5.87W and the average efficiency of the cable calculated in the same way was only 73.3%. The cable transmission efficiency has been unacceptably low. Meanwhile, the cable has 5.06W of power loss, the heating is considerable, and more particularly, the Micro USB or TypeC connector has small position area and small heat dissipation capacity, so that the temperature rise of potential safety hazards is caused by 0.81W of power loss.

In addition, the pressure drop Δ V across the cable is calculated to be 1.305V. However, the maximum output voltage of the charging device using the low-voltage quick-charging technology is 5V, and the typical battery cannot be charged to the CV (4.35V) point with a constant current of 4.5A. If a typical battery is to be charged quickly to CV (4.35V), the charger output voltage is guaranteed to be at least 4.35+ 1.305V-5.66V, taking into account only cable and Micro USB or TypeC connector losses.

4. The low-voltage quick charging is sensitive to the impedance change of the charging connector, and the service life of the charging cable is short

The contact loop impedance of the low-voltage quick-charging connector is designed to be 20mR, and the initial power loss is represented by P ═ I²R was calculated as 0.405W. Along with the increase of the plugging times, the contact pin at the contact position of the connector is abraded, oxidized, dirty and deformed, and when the impedance of a connector loop is increased to 40mR, P is I²The R power loss is 0.81W, and the cable cannot be continuously used for low-pressure quick charging because the metal area at the position of the MICRO connector is small, the heat dissipation capacity is poor, the power loss reaches 0.81W and exceeds a preset safety value.

5. Big problem of current high voltage charging technique cell-phone end generates heat

In the prior art, one direct current-to-direct current conversion unit based on inductance charging and discharging is generally used, or the highest efficiency of current conversion by connecting two or more direct current-to-direct current conversion units based on inductance charging and discharging in parallel is only 90%, 24W power is output by charging equipment, and the power loss of the inductance charging and discharging direct current voltage reduction unit is 2.4W. Take a common 5.5-inch smart phone as an example: the typical value of temperature rise caused by 2.4W power loss is 15 ℃, the typical value of temperature rise is 12.5 ℃ due to the 2W typical loss of an external battery and a charging circuit in the mobile phone. The temperature of the mobile phone can reach 27.5 ℃. Taking the environment temperature as 25 ℃ as an example, the temperature of the mobile phone is 25+ 27.5-52.5 ℃, the direct consequence of the temperature of the mobile phone reaching 52.5 ℃ is that the hand-holding comfort of a user is affected, and the serious consequence is that the battery expands or explodes after being charged by high temperature and high current.

In addition, the rapid charging method in the prior art cannot adjust the charging current, the charging voltage and the like according to the state of the battery well, so that certain risks exist in the charging process.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a control method for performing quick charging according to the state of a rechargeable battery, a charging device for the charging control method, and a charging system.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: provided is a charge control method including the steps of:

acquiring a voltage value of a rechargeable battery of the electronic terminal, judging whether the voltage value is within a preset first voltage range, and if so, sending a first control signal;

and setting a first output voltage according to the first control signal, and opening the first charging module to charge the battery.

Preferably, the step of obtaining the voltage value of the rechargeable battery of the electronic terminal and determining whether the voltage value is within a preset first voltage range includes the step of sending a first control signal if the voltage value is within the preset first voltage range:

when the voltage value is within a preset first voltage range, detecting the cell temperature of the rechargeable battery, judging whether the cell temperature is within the preset first temperature range, and if so, sending a first control signal.

Preferably, the method for setting the first output voltage according to the control signal and turning on the first charging module to charge the battery includes:

the electronic terminal outputs a first control signal to the charging equipment, and the charging equipment sets a first output voltage according to the first control signal and outputs the first output voltage to the electronic terminal;

the electronic terminal detects the input voltage, judges whether the input voltage is in a set voltage range, and turns on the first charging module if the input voltage is in the set voltage range.

Preferably, in the setting of the first output voltage by the charging device according to the first control signal, the method includes:

a digital logic module of the charging equipment receives the first control signal, converts the voltage to be regulated into a digital level and stores the digital level in a DAC register; the digital level value output by the DAC register is converted into an analog voltage signal through the digital-to-analog conversion module, the conduction degree of the linear amplification tube is controlled, the isolation communication unit converts the analog voltage value into a current signal and transmits the current signal to the source side control unit, and the source side control unit adjusts the first output voltage of the charging device according to the first control signal.

Preferably, the method further comprises:

the electronic terminal detects input current and input voltage, when the input current reaches a cable loop impedance detection preset value, the electronic terminal sets the charging equipment to maintain current output voltage through a communication line, and reads the current output voltage and the current output current of the charging equipment;

judging whether the difference value of the current output current and the current input exceeds a preset range, if so, shutting off the output of the charger through a communication line; otherwise, the electronic terminal calculates the loop impedance of the cable;

judging whether the loop impedance is in a first preset impedance range, if not, switching off the output of the charger, if so, judging whether the loop impedance is in a second preset impedance range, and if so, calculating according to the loop impedance to obtain the maximum charging current I_MAX。

Preferably, in reading the present output voltage and the present output current of the charging device, the method includes:

a digital logic module of the charging equipment controls a change-over switch to be switched to a first pin, measures a first voltage at the left end of a detection resistor R3 connected between a controllable voltage transformation output module of the charging equipment and a charger connector, and stores the first voltage in an ADC register; then, the digital logic module controls the change-over switch to be switched to a second pin, measures a second voltage at the right end of the detection resistor R3 and stores the second voltage in the ADC register; when the electronic terminal reads the current output current, the digital logic module reads the first voltage and the second voltage of the ADC register and outputs the first voltage and the second voltage to the electronic terminal, and the current output current is obtained through operation; or,

the digital logic module compares the difference value of the first voltage and the second voltage, divides the difference value by the resistance value of the detection resistor R3 to obtain the current output current of the current charging equipment, and stores the current output current in the transient register;

when the current output voltage is measured, the digital logic module controls the change-over switch to be switched to a third pin, measures a third voltage which is connected in series and then is connected in parallel between a detection resistor R4 and a detection resistor R5 at the output end of the charging output connector, and stores the third voltage in an ADC register; when the electronic terminal requests to read the current output voltage of the charging equipment, the digital logic module reads a third voltage value of the ADC register and sends the third voltage value to the electronic terminal; or,

obtaining the current output voltage of the charging equipment by using the third voltage value (R4+ R5)/R5, and storing the current output voltage in the transient register; when the electronic terminal requests to read the current output voltage of the charger, the digital logic module reads the current output voltage value of the transient state register and sends the current output voltage value to the electronic terminal.

Preferably, the method further comprises:

detecting charging current I input to a rechargeable battery_batAnd the battery voltage V of the rechargeable battery_bat(ii) a Or, detecting the cell charging current I input into the cell of the rechargeable battery_cellAnd cell voltage V of rechargeable battery_cell；

When the battery voltage V_bat≤V_{bat max}-(Δv₁+ Δ V) or cell voltage V_cell≤V_{cell max}-(Δv₂At the time of + Δ v), the temperature,

if I_bat≤I_MAX-(ΔI₁+ΔI₂) If so, the electronic terminal outputs a control signal to the charging equipment to increase the first output voltage;

if I_MAX-(ΔI₁+ΔI₂)≤I_bat≤I_MAX-ΔI₁If so, the electronic terminal outputs a control signal to the charging equipment to maintain the current first output voltage;

if I_bat≥I_MAX-ΔI₁The electronic terminal outputs a control signal to the charging device to reduce the current first output voltage until the charging current is maintained at I_MAX-(ΔI₁+ΔI₂)≤I_bat≤I_MAX-ΔI₁Within the range;

wherein, is Δ V₁Allowing a maximum charge voltage rating for the battery;

ΔV₁maximum allowable charge voltage quota value for battery cell

Δ V is a measurement error value;

ΔI₁the charging current precision;

ΔI₂adjusting a threshold for the charging current;

V_{bat max}is the maximum voltage of the rechargeable battery;

V_{cell max}the maximum voltage of the cell.

Preferably, the method further comprises:

when the battery voltage V_{bat max}-(Δv₁+Δv)<V_bat≤V_{bat max}-Δv₁Or cell voltage V_{cell max}-(Δv₂+Δv)<V_cell≤V_{cell max}-Δv₂When the charging current is reduced to the exit quick-charging threshold value, the electronic terminal outputs a control signal to the charging equipment to maintain the current first output voltage, and the first charging module is closed until the charging current is reduced to the exit quick-charging threshold value;

when the battery voltage V_{bat max}-Δv₁<V_bat≤V_{bat max}Or the cell voltage V_{cell max}-Δv₂<V_cell≤V_{cell max}When the battery voltage V is lower than the first output voltage, the electronic terminal outputs a control signal to the charging equipment to lower the first output voltage until the battery voltage V is lower than the first output voltage_bat_max-(Δv₁+Δv)<V_bat≤V_{bat max}-Δv₁Or cell voltage V_{cell max}-(Δv₂+Δv)<V_cell≤V_{cell max}-Δv₂Then, maintaining the current first output voltage until the charging current is reduced to the exit quick-charging threshold value;

when the battery voltage V_bat>V_{bat max}Or V_cell>V_{cell max}And when the first charging module is charged, the electronic terminal turns off the first charging module and the conventional charging unit, and charging is stopped.

The invention also provides a charging device applying any one of the charging control methods, which comprises a controllable voltage transformation output module, an output control and detection unit and a charging output connector;

the output control and detection unit is connected with the charging output connector and used for accessing a first control signal and setting a first output voltage of the controllable voltage transformation output module according to the first control signal.

Preferably, the charging device further includes a current detection unit, and a voltage detection unit;

the current detection unit comprises a detection resistor R3 connected between the controllable voltage transformation output module and the charging output connector; the voltage detection module comprises a detection resistor R4 and a detection resistor R5 which are connected in series and then connected in parallel at the output end of the charging output connector;

the output control and detection unit comprises a digital logic module, a selector switch, a DAC register, a digital-to-analog conversion module, a linear amplifier tube, an ADC register and an analog-to-digital conversion module;

the digital logic module receives the first control signal, converts the voltage to be regulated into a digital level and stores the digital level in the DAC register; the digital level value output by the DAC register is converted into an analog voltage signal through the digital-to-analog conversion module, the conduction degree of the linear amplification tube is controlled, and the first output voltage of the controllable voltage transformation output module is adjusted;

the digital logic module controls the change-over switch to be switched to a first pin, measures a first voltage at the left end of the detection resistor R3 and stores the first voltage in the ADC register; moreover, the digital logic module controls the change-over switch to be switched to a second pin, measures a second voltage at the right end of the detection resistor R3 and stores the second voltage in the ADC register; or the digital logic module compares the difference value of the first voltage and the second voltage, divides the difference value by the resistance value of the detection resistor R3 to obtain the current output current of the current charging equipment, and stores the current output current in the transient register;

the digital logic module controls the change-over switch to be switched to a third pin, measures a third voltage between the detection resistor R4 and the detection resistor R5, and stores the third voltage in the ADC register; or, the third voltage value (R4+ R5)/R5 is used to obtain the current output voltage of the charging device, and is stored in the transient register.

The invention also provides a charging system, which comprises an electronic terminal, any one of the charging devices, a charging device and a charging module, wherein the charging device is connected with the electronic terminal in a charging and communication manner;

the electronic terminal acquires a voltage value of a rechargeable battery of the electronic terminal, judges whether the voltage value is within a preset first voltage range, and sends a first control signal if the voltage value is within the preset first voltage range;

the charging equipment sets a first output voltage according to the control signal and outputs the first output voltage to the electronic terminal, and the electronic terminal opens the first charging module of the electronic terminal to perform fast charging according to the first output voltage and the voltage value of the rechargeable battery.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: through the voltage value who obtains rechargeable battery, come output control signal, control first charging module and open, carry out quick charge to the battery to can carry out charge control according to rechargeable battery's actual voltage condition, guarantee charging process's high efficiency, safety.

Furthermore, the current output voltage, the current output current, the input current and the input voltage of the electronic terminal and the like of the charging equipment can be monitored through the communication between the charging equipment and the electronic terminal, so that the quick charging setting is controlled, and the speed and the safety of quick charging are further improved.

Drawings

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:

fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a charging device and charging of an electronic terminal of the prior art;

FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a prior art connection of a cable, charging device and electronic terminal;

FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of one embodiment of an electronic terminal of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a current boost module of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of a physical communication codec unit of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a signal line overvoltage protection unit of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of an over-voltage and over-current protection unit of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a charging device of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a charging device of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a flow chart illustrating an embodiment of the charging method of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 3, the embodiment of the electronic terminal in the charging system of the present invention includes a charging input connector 301, an overvoltage/overcurrent protection unit 302, an input voltage/current detection unit 307, a current increase module 308, a charging control unit 340, a physical communication codec unit 313, a signal line overvoltage protection unit 312, a connector temperature detection unit 306, a conventional charging unit 309, a main controller power management unit, an output voltage/current detection unit 310, a battery connector 321, a rechargeable battery 320, and the like. It can be understood that each unit and each module can be increased or decreased according to the needs.

The input end of the charging input connector 301 is connected to a charging cable, and can be connected to a charging power supply and a communication signal. The power output end of the charging input connector 301 is connected to the power input end of the overvoltage and overcurrent protection unit 302, and the power output end of the overvoltage and overcurrent protection unit 302 is connected to the power input end of the input voltage and current detection unit 307, the input end of the current increase module 308, and the power input end of the conventional charging unit 309, and is used for overvoltage and overcurrent protection.

A first power output terminal of the conventional charging unit 309 is connected to a power input terminal of the main control and power management unit 330; a second power output terminal of the conventional charging unit 309 is connected to a power input terminal of the battery connector 321 to charge the rechargeable battery 320.

The charging control unit 340 may be a single chip or a state machine designed based on a digital logic circuit. The charging control unit 340 may also be integrated in the main control and power management unit 330. The conventional charging unit 309 may be a DCDC voltage reduction unit based on inductive charging and discharging in the existing high-voltage fast charging technology, or may be a power switch in the existing low-voltage fast charging technology.

The connector temperature detection unit 306 is used for detecting the temperature of the charging input connector 301, and may be a conventional positive temperature coefficient element or a negative temperature coefficient element, and the detected temperature signal is transmitted to the charging control unit 340 for temperature monitoring control.

The output voltage/current detection unit 310 is disposed between the battery connector 321 and the charge control unit 340, and detects data such as a charge output current and a battery voltage output to the rechargeable battery 320, and outputs the data to the charge control unit 340.

The signal line overvoltage protection unit 312 is connected to the rear end of the charging input connector 301 for protecting the communication line. The physical communication codec unit 313 is inserted between the signal line overvoltage protection unit 312 and the charging control unit 340 at the rear end of the charging input connector 301.

The charging control unit 340 is connected to the physical communication codec unit 313, the overvoltage/overcurrent protection unit 302, the input voltage/current detection unit 307, the current increase unit, the conventional charging unit 309, the main control and power management unit 330, the output voltage/current detection unit 310, and the battery connector 321, respectively, and outputs a corresponding control signal according to the access signal, which will be described in detail later.

As shown in fig. 4, is a functional block diagram of one embodiment of the current boost module 308 of the present invention. The current increasing module 308 can be used for charging the electronic terminal battery 320, particularly for fast charging the electronic terminal battery 320; the fast charging can be in accordance with various existing fast charging standards, such as the OPPO Vooc standard, the high-throughput QC 2.0 standard, the Pump Express Plus standard of MTK, and the like, and of course, can also be in accordance with other fast charging standards. In the present embodiment, the current increasing module 308 is disposed on the electronic terminal, but of course, the current increasing module may be configured in the battery of the electronic terminal or in the charging device as required.

The current increasing module 308 includes a conversion capacitor Cfly, an output capacitor Cout, a switch set, and a switching control unit. Further, in this embodiment, an input end capacitor Cin is further provided, a first end of the input end capacitor Cin is connected to the input end of the charging power supply, and a second end of the input end capacitor Cin is grounded, and the input end capacitor Cin can be used as a low internal resistance buffer pool to ensure the stability of the input voltage when the conversion capacitor Cfly and the output end capacitor Cout are periodically unloaded; of course, other voltage stabilizing devices may be selected according to the requirement or the input end capacitor may be omitted according to the design requirement.

The first end of the output end capacitor Cout is connected with the output end of the charging power supply, and the second end of the output end capacitor Cout is grounded; conversion capacitor Cfly passes through the change over switch group and connects between charging source input and output capacitance Cout, forms first charging circuit and second charging circuit. The first charging circuit is a charging circuit in which input voltage accessed from the input end of the charging power supply reaches the output end capacitor Cout through the conversion capacitor Cfly; the second charging circuit is a charging circuit which cuts off the input voltage connected to the input end of the charging power supply and superposes the output of the conversion capacitor Cfly to the output of the output end capacitor Cout;

the switching control unit is connected with the change-over switch group, and controls the change-over switch group to switch between the first charging line and the second charging line according to the accessed control signal.

In the present embodiment, the switch group includes a first power switch SW1, a second power switch SW2, a third power switch SW3, and a fourth power switch SW 4. The switching control unit comprises a forward buffer Buf₁Reverse buffer Buf₂。

The charging power supply input end is connected with the first end of the input end capacitor Cin and the power supply input end of the first power switch SW1, the power supply output end of the first power switch SW1 is connected with the first end of the conversion capacitor Cfly, and the power supply input end of the fourth power switch SW 4; a second end of the conversion capacitor Cfly is connected to a power input terminal of the second power switch SW2 and a power input terminal of the third power switch SW 3; the power supply output terminal of the second power switch SW2 is grounded. The power supply output terminal of the fourth power switch SW4 is connected to the power supply output terminal of the third power switch SW3 and then to the output terminal capacitor Cout.

Control input terminals of the first power switch SW1 and the third power switch SW3 are connected to the forward buffer Buf₁An output terminal of (a); control input terminals of the second power switch SW2 and the fourth power switch SW4 are connected to the inverting buffer Buf₂To the output terminal of (a).

Forward buffer Buf₁And an inverting buffer Buf₂Are connected together to a control input, such as a clock input of the charge control unit 340; in this embodiment, the accessed control signal is a clock source signal output by the charging control unit 340; of course, the control signal may take other forms.

When the clock source clk is on a rising edge, clk^-Outputting a low level, the second power switch SW2 and the fourth power switch SW4 are turned off, and the first power switch SW1 and the third power switch SW3 are turned on; clk⁺When the high level is output, the first power switch SW1 and the third power switch SW3 are turned on, the first charging circuit is switched on, and the charging power Vin reaches the output end capacitor Cout from the power input end through the conversion capacitor Cfly and the third power switch SW 3;

when the clock source clk is on the falling edge, clk⁺The first power switch SW1 and the third power switch SW3 are turned off, outputting the low level; clk^-When the second power switch SW2 and the fourth power switch SW4 are turned on to switch on the second charging line, the charges on the conversion capacitor Cfly are superimposed on the output capacitor Cout through the second power switch SW2 and the fourth power switch SW 4.

In the present embodiment, the clock source signal clk is configured to have a duty cycle of 50%, and the charging and discharging time of the conversion capacitor Cfly is equal to the charging and discharging time of the output terminal capacitor Cout. According to the formula i ═ C × dv/dt, when the capacitance of the conversion capacitor Cfly is equal to that of the output capacitor Cout, and the duty cycle of clk is 50%, the output voltage Vout, i.e., the voltage on the output capacitor Cout is equal to that of Cfly, is 1/2 Vin. From the formula P ═ V × I, the output current Iout is twice the input current Iin. It can be understood that the capacitance values of the conversion capacitor and the output end capacitor and the duty ratio of the clock source signal can be adjusted according to actual needs.

After the current increasing module 308 is installed on the electronic terminal, the input current of the cable only needs 1/2 of the traditional low-voltage quick charging current, so that the transmission current of the cable is 4.5A/2-2.25A. By P ═ I²The power loss of the cable is calculated to be 0.61W, the average transmission efficiency is calculated to be 96.4% in the same way, and the transmission efficiency of the cable is improved by 10%.

In addition, in a same typical quick charge action, the power loss of the cable is greatly reduced, the transmission efficiency is greatly improved, and the heating of the cable is greatly reduced.

In addition, the maximum transmission current of the cable is reduced by half and is 2.25A. The same method as the prior art calculates the cable loss to be 1.27W, the connector power loss to be 0.2W, and the average transmission efficiency to be 91.6%. Compared with the same typical USB charging cable, the transmission efficiency is improved by 18%. The power loss is reduced by 4.4W, which is directly reduced by 4 times. The level of heat generation caused by cable losses and connector losses is low enough to be safe to use.

The power loss at the connector location is only one-fourth of that used in existing low-voltage fast-charging devices. By R ═ P/I²When the loop impedance of the connector is increased to 160mR, the power loss can reach 0.81W. Therefore, when the charging cable is used for charging the electronic terminal, the plugging and unplugging service life is greatly prolonged.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the signal line overvoltage protection unit 312 according to the present invention. The signal line overvoltage protection unit 312 includes at least one NMOS transistor interposed between the signal line of the charging input connector 301 and the physical communication codec unit 313. In this embodiment, the NMOS transistor is an enhancement NMOS. It will be appreciated that other overvoltage protection devices may be used to provide line overvoltage protection.

The signal line of the charging input connector 301 is connected to the drain (D) of the NMOS, the source (S) of the NMOS is connected to the input end of the signal line of the physical communication codec unit 313, and the gate (G) of the NMOS is connected to the voltage domain of the signal line (e.g., 3.3V).

When the charging connector or the charging cable is in short circuit with the charging cable due to some abnormity, the drain electrode (D) voltage of the NMOS is increased to be above the voltage domain of the communication cable, and the source electrode (S) voltage is ensured not to be higher than the voltage domain of the communication cable all the time because the NMOS grid electrode (G) is connected to the voltage domain of the communication cable. Plays a role in protecting the physical communication codec unit 313 and other internal circuits.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the physical communication codec unit 313 according to the present invention. A communication line is provided between the charging control unit 340 of the electronic terminal and the charging input connector 301, and the physical communication codec unit 313 is provided on the communication line and is used to improve the level noise margin of the communication signal accessed by the charging input connector 301.

In this embodiment, the physical communication unit includes a comparison amplifier, which is inserted between the signal line overvoltage protection unit 312 and the charging control unit 340 at the rear end of the charging input connector 301 of the electronic terminal.

The positive input terminal of the comparison amplifier is connected to the input terminal of the communication line, the power supply terminal of the comparison amplifier is connected to the operating power supply VCC, the negative input terminal of the comparison amplifier is pulled up to the operating power supply VCC through the pull-up resistor R1 and pulled down to the power supply ground GND of the electronic terminal through the pull-down resistor R2, the ground terminal of the comparison amplifier is connected to the power supply ground GND, and the output terminal of the comparison amplifier is connected to the signal input terminal of the charging control unit 340.

In the present embodiment, the pull-down resistor R2 is configured to have the same resistance as the pull-up resistor R1, and when the operating power VCC is 3.3V, the reference level of the inverting input terminal of the comparator is 1.65V. When the input signal is lower than 1.65V, the comparison amplifier outputs low level, and when the input signal is higher than 1.65V, the comparison amplifier outputs high level. After the communication line is inserted into the physical communication coding and decoding unit 313, the level noise tolerance is expanded to 1.65V, which is improved by 4.1 times compared with the noise tolerance of 0.4V of the existing single chip microcomputer.

It is understood that the values of the pull-up resistor R1 and the pull-down resistor R2 can be adjusted according to different noise tolerance requirements.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the overvoltage/overcurrent protection unit 302 according to the invention. The overvoltage and overcurrent protection unit 302 includes a protection digital logic module, a driving module, a protection power switch, and a window comparator. The protection digital logic module is connected to the driving module, the window comparator, and the charging control unit 340, and is configured to output a switch control signal to the driving module according to the current and voltage passing through the protection power switch, and the driving module controls the protection power switch to be turned on or off.

When the protection digital logic module senses that the input voltage is higher than the ref set value, the protection power switch is controlled to be turned off through the driving module, and the power input end and the power output end of the overvoltage and overcurrent protection unit 302 are disconnected, so that the function of protecting a circuit connected with the power output end is achieved.

Two input ends of the window comparator cmp1 are respectively connected with an input end and an output end of a protection power switch SW1, a window threshold end setting end control2 of the window comparator cmp1 is connected to the charging control unit 340 and used for setting an overcurrent protection threshold, and an output end of the window comparator cmp1 is connected with a protection digital logic module. When the current passing through the protection power switch exceeds a preset value, the protection digital logic module is informed to drive the driving module to control the protection power switch to be turned off.

Further, the output terminal of the protection power switch SW1 is connected to the input terminal of the second protection power switch SW2, the power output terminal of the second protection power switch SW2 is grounded, and the control input terminal is connected to the protection digital logic module.

After the charging control unit 340 sets the over-current protection point through the second control input terminal of the over-voltage and over-current protection unit 302, when the current passing through the protection power switch SW1 exceeds the preset value, the formula Δ V is (V_in-V_out)/R_sw1When the window comparator cmp1 senses a voltage difference Δ V between the first input terminal and the second input terminal of the window comparator, the protection digital logic module is notified to notify the MOS transistor driving module to control the protection power switch SW1 to turn off, and then control the second protection power switch SW2 to turn on. When the power input end and the power output end of the overvoltage and overcurrent protection unit 302 are disconnected, residual energy accumulated in an equivalent capacitor on a circuit of the output end of the overvoltage and overcurrent protection unit 302 is discharged to the ground through the second protection power switch SW2, and the effect of protecting a rear-stage circuit from overcurrent damage is achieved.

Further, the electronic terminal may be further provided with an input voltage current detection unit 307, an output voltage current detection unit 310, and the like. The input voltage and current detection unit 307 is connected to the charging input connector 301 and the charging control unit 340 for detecting the input current and the input voltage, and outputting the detected input current and input voltage to the charging control unit 340 for subsequent control.

The output voltage and current detection unit 310 is connected to the rechargeable battery 320 and the charging control unit 340 of the electronic terminal, and is configured to detect the charging current and the battery voltage of the rechargeable battery 320 and output the detected charging current and battery voltage to the charging control unit 340 for subsequent control.

Further, the rechargeable battery 320 may be charged by outputting a charging current through the battery connector 321. The rechargeable battery 320 may further include a battery cell 323, a voltage-current internal resistance detection unit 324, an overvoltage, overcurrent, undervoltage protection unit 325, a battery temperature detection unit 322, and the like, and outputs the detected current and voltage signals of the battery cell to the charging control unit 340 through the battery connector 321 for subsequent control.

Fig. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a charging device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The charging device comprises a controllable voltage transformation output module, an output control and detection unit 130, a charging output connector 101, a current detection unit 112, a voltage detection unit 113, a physical communication coding and decoding unit 114, a signal line overvoltage protection unit 115 and the like.

The output control and detection unit 130 is connected to the charging output connector 101, and is configured to access the first control signal and set a first output voltage of the variable voltage controllable output module according to the first control signal.

A communication line is provided between the output control and detection unit 130 and the charging output connector 101, and the physical communication codec unit 114 is provided on the communication line and used for a level noise margin of a communication signal accessed by the charging output connector 101.

In the present embodiment, the controllable voltage transformation output module includes an AC rectification filter unit 108, a source side control unit 107, a transformer unit 106, a secondary side control unit 120, an output switch 105, a DC rectification unit 111, an isolation communication unit 110, and the like.

The charging device may access a charging power source through an AC plug 109. The power input end of the AC plug can be connected with 90V-265V AC, the power output end of the AC plug 109 is connected with the power input end of the AC rectifying and filtering unit 108, and the power output end of the AC rectifying and filtering unit 108 is connected with the source side control unit 107 and the high voltage input end of the transformer unit 106. The low-voltage positive output end of the transformer unit 106 is connected with the power input end of the output switch 105, the power output end of the output switch 105 is connected with the power pin of the charging output connector 101, the low-voltage negative output end of the transformer unit 106 is connected with the power input end of the DC rectifying unit 111, the power output end of the DC rectifying unit 111 is connected with the ground pin of the charging output connector 101, and the voltage stabilizing capacitor 102 is inserted between the power pin of the charging output connector 101 and the ground pin.

Further, a connector temperature detection unit 104 may be disposed near the charging output connector 101 for detecting the temperature near the charging output connector 101 and transmitting the temperature signal to the output control and detection unit 130, so as to realize temperature protection.

The secondary control unit 120 is configured to control the DC rectification unit 111 and to shape the pulsed power supply at the low voltage output of the transformer into a direct current power supply. The power supply pin of the secondary control unit 120 is connected to the low voltage positive output terminal of the transformer unit 106. A first detection pin of the secondary control unit 120 is connected to a power input terminal of the DC rectification unit 111, a second detection pin of the secondary control unit 120 is connected to a power output terminal of the DC rectification unit 111, a first control output pin of the secondary control unit 120 is connected to a control input terminal of the DC rectification unit 111, and a second control output pin of the secondary control unit 120 is connected to a signal input terminal of the output control and detection unit 130.

In the present embodiment, the current detection unit 112 includes a detection resistor R3, which is interposed between the DC rectification unit 111 and the charging output connector 101, and is configured to sense the output current of the charging device. The power output end of the DC rectifying unit 111 is connected to the power input end of the current detecting unit 112, and the power output end of the current detecting unit 112 is connected to the ground of the charging output connector 101.

The voltage detection unit 113 includes a detection resistor R4 and a detection resistor R5 connected in series, interposed between the power supply pin and the ground pin of the charging output connector 101, and configured to sense the output voltage of the charging device. The power supply pin of the voltage detection unit 113 is connected to the power supply pin of the charging output connector 101, and the ground pin of the voltage detection unit 113 is connected to the ground pin of the charging output connector 101.

A signal input end of the signal line overvoltage protection unit 115 is connected to a signal pin of the charging output connector 101, and a signal output end of the signal line overvoltage protection unit 115 is connected to a signal input end of the physical communication codec unit 114. It can be understood that the signal line overvoltage protection unit 115 and the physical communication codec unit 114 may adopt the structures shown in fig. 5 and 6, which are not described herein again.

The second and third signal input terminals of the output control and detection unit 130 are respectively connected to the power input terminal and the power output terminal of the current detection unit 112, and are used for detecting the output current of the charging device. A fourth signal input terminal of the output control and detection unit 130 is connected to the signal output terminal of the voltage detection unit 113, and is used for detecting the output voltage of the charging device. A fifth signal input terminal of the output control and detection unit 130 is connected to the signal output terminal of the temperature detection unit 104 for detecting the temperature of the charging output connector 101.

A first control output end of the output control and detection unit 130 is connected to a signal input end of the isolation communication unit 110 for executing an output voltage regulation function of the charging device, and a second output control output end of the output control and detection unit 130 is connected to the output switch 105 for controlling on/off between a low-voltage positive output end of the transformer unit 106 and a power pin of the charging output connector 101.

A first signal input terminal of the output control and detection unit 130 is connected to a signal output terminal of the physical communication codec unit 114. The signal input end of the physical communication codec unit 114 and the first signal output end of the output control and detection unit 130 are connected to the input end of the signal line overvoltage protection unit 115, and the output end of the signal line overvoltage protection unit 115 is connected to the first communication cable and the second communication cable of the charging output connector 101, respectively.

As shown in fig. 9, it is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the output control and detection unit 130, which includes a digital logic module DIG1, a DAC register 1, a digital-to-analog conversion module, an NPN, etc. linear amplifier tube Q1 with the same functions, an ADC register, an analog-to-digital conversion module, etc.

When the digital logic module DIG1 receives a voltage adjustment instruction from the input pin, the voltage to be adjusted is converted into a DAC digital level and stored in the DAC register 1, the digital level value output by the DAC register 1 is converted into an analog voltage signal by the digital-to-analog conversion module, the conduction degree of the linear amplifier tube Q1 is controlled, and then the light emitting diode of the isolation communication unit 110 (linear optocoupler) is controlled, the photodiode of the isolation communication unit 110 converts the received light into a current signal and transmits the current signal to the source side control unit 107, and the source side control unit 107 adjusts the output voltage of the charging device according to the instruction.

Furthermore, an output voltage and output current detection path is formed by a digital logic module DIG1, ADC registers 1-3, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a single-pole three-throw switch SW11, a series detection resistor R3 and parallel detection resistors R4 and R5.

When the output current is measured, the digital logic module DIG1 controls the switch SW11 to be quickly switched to the first pin through the SW2 pin, measures the first voltage at the left end of the detection resistor R3 and stores the first voltage in the ADC register 1; then, the digital logic module DIG1 controls the switch SW11 to switch to the second pin quickly through the SW2 pin, measures the second voltage at the right end of the sense resistor R3, and stores the second voltage in the ADC register 2. When the electronic terminal requests to read the current output current of the charger through the input pin, the digital logic module DIG1 sends the first voltage value and the second voltage value of the ADC register 1-2 to the electronic terminal through the output pin, and the current output current of the charger is obtained through the electronic terminal through the received value calculation of the ADC register 1-2. In another example, digital logic module DIG1 compares the difference between the currently stored values of the first voltage of ADC register 1 and the second voltage of ADC register 2, and divides the difference by the resistance of series sensing resistor R3 to obtain the current output current of the current charging device, and stores the current output current in transient register 1 (not shown). When the electronic terminal requests to read the charger output current through the input pin, the digital logic module DIG1 sends the value of transient register 1 (not shown) to the electronic terminal through the output pin.

When measuring the output voltage, the digital logic module DIG1 controls the switch SW11 to switch to the third pin through the SW2 pin, measures the third voltage between the parallel detection resistors R4 and R5, and stores the third voltage in the ADC register 3. When the electronic terminal requests to read the current output voltage of the charger through the input pin, the digital logic module DIG1 sends the third voltage value of the ADC register 3 to the electronic terminal through the output pin. In another embodiment, the digital logic module DIG1 obtains the current output voltage of the current charging device from the third voltage value (R4+ R5)/R5 of the ADC register 3, and stores the current output voltage in the transient register 2 (not shown). When the electronic terminal requests to read the output voltage of the charger through the input pin, the digital logic module DIG1 sends the current voltage value of the transient register to the electronic terminal through the output pin.

In the charging system of the present invention, the electronic terminal and the charging device of any of the above embodiments may be included. The electronic terminal and the charging device can be in charging and communication connection, the electronic terminal obtains the voltage value of the rechargeable battery 320, judges whether the voltage value is within a preset first voltage range, and sends out a first control signal if the voltage value is within the preset first voltage range; the charging device sets a first output voltage according to the control signal and outputs the first output voltage to the electronic terminal, and the electronic terminal turns on a first charging module of the charging device to perform quick charging according to the first output voltage and the voltage value of the rechargeable battery 320.

In this embodiment, the first control signal is a fast charge control signal, the first output voltage is a fast charge output voltage, the first voltage range is a fast charge voltage range, and the first charging module is a fast charging module, which all conform to various existing fast charging standards, such as an OPPO Vooc standard, a high-throughput QC 2.0 standard, a Pump Express Plus standard of MTK, and the like, and of course, may also conform to other fast charging standards.

It can be understood that the above modules and units can be combined according to actual needs, and in an embodiment of the present invention, the charging device includes a controllable voltage transformation output module, an output control and detection unit, and a charging output connector; the output control and detection unit is connected with the charging output connector and used for accessing a first control signal and setting a first output voltage of the controllable voltage transformation output module according to the first control signal.

In another embodiment, the charging apparatus further includes a current detection unit, and a voltage detection unit. The current detection unit comprises a detection resistor R3 connected between the controllable voltage transformation output module and the charging output connector; the voltage detection module comprises a detection resistor R4 and a detection resistor R5 which are connected in series and then connected in parallel at the output end of the charging output connector;

The charging system comprises an electronic terminal and a charging device in communication connection with an electronic terminal charger. The electronic terminal acquires a voltage value of a rechargeable battery of the electronic terminal, judges whether the voltage value is within a preset first voltage range, and sends a first control signal if the voltage value is within the preset first voltage range; the charging equipment sets a first output voltage according to the control signal and outputs the first output voltage to the electronic terminal, and the electronic terminal opens the first charging module of the electronic terminal to perform quick charging according to the first output voltage and the voltage value of the rechargeable battery. It can be understood that the electronic terminal and the charging device can be combined into electronic terminals and charging devices with different requirements by selecting one or more of the units and modules according to requirements.

Fig. 10 is a schematic flow chart of a charging control method according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the charging control method, a voltage value of a rechargeable battery 320 of the electronic terminal is obtained, whether the voltage value is within a preset first voltage range is judged, and if yes, a first control signal is sent out; the first output voltage is set according to the control signal, and the first charging module is turned on to rapidly charge the battery 320.

Specifically, when the charging device 100 is connected to the electronic terminal 300 through the charging cable 200, the charging control unit 340 reads the voltage value of the rechargeable battery 320 through the output voltage current detection unit 310, and determines whether the voltage value is within the fast charging preset voltage range; moreover, the charging control unit 340 detects the cell temperature through the battery temperature detection unit 322, and when determining whether the cell temperature is within the fast charging preset temperature range, if so, sends a first control signal.

After the pairing is successful, the charging control unit 340 of the electronic terminal sends out a first control signal through the communication line to inform the charging device to adjust the output voltage. A digital logic module of the charging equipment receives the first control signal, converts the voltage to be regulated into a digital level and stores the digital level in a DAC register; the digital level value output by the DAC register is converted into an analog voltage signal by the digital-to-analog conversion module, the conduction degree of the linear amplifier tube is controlled, the current signal is converted into a current signal by the isolation communication unit 110 and transmitted to the source side control unit 107, and the source side control unit 107 adjusts the first output voltage of the charging device according to the first control signal.

Meanwhile, the charging control unit 340 detects the input voltage through the input voltage current detection unit 307, and determines whether the input voltage is within a set voltage range. When the difference between the input voltage detected by the input voltage current detection unit 307 and the battery voltage is within a preset range, the electronic terminal charging control unit 340 controls the current increase module 308 to turn on.

Further, in this embodiment, the method further includes the step of detecting the loop impedance and the power leakage of the cable:

the charging control unit 340 of the electronic terminal controls the charging device to boost the output voltage through the communication line, and the charging control unit 340 detects the input current I through the input voltage current detection unit 307_INAnd an input voltage V_IN. When the input current reaches the cable loop impedance detection preset value, the electronic terminal charging control unit 340 sets the charging device to maintain the current output voltage through the communication line, and reads the current output voltage V of the charging device_OUTAnd an output current I_OUT。

The charging control unit 340 of the electronic terminal compares the output current I of the charging device_OUTAnd the input current I of the electronic terminal_INIf the difference exceeds the preset range, the output of the charger is cut off through a communication line when the difference exceeds the preset range; when the difference value is in the preset range, the electronic terminal passes through (V)_OUT-V_IN)*2/(I_OUT+I_IN) And calculating the loop impedance of the cable.

And when the loop impedance is judged to exceed the first preset impedance range, the output of the charger is turned off. When the loop impedance is judged not to exceed the first preset impedance range, whether the loop impedance is in the second preset impedance range is judged, and if the loop impedance is in the second preset impedance range, the maximum charging current I is calculated according to the loop impedance_MAXAnd charges the battery 320 at a value not exceeding the maximum charging current in a subsequent charging operation.

In the step of reading the present output voltage and the present output current of the charging device, the method comprises the following steps:

when the current output voltage is measured, the digital logic module controls the change-over switch to be switched to the third pin, measures a third voltage which is connected in series and then connected in parallel between the detection resistor R4 and the detection resistor R5 at the output end of the charging output connector 101, and stores the third voltage in the ADC register; when the electronic terminal requests to read the current output voltage of the charging equipment, the digital logic module reads a third voltage value of the ADC register and sends the third voltage value to the electronic terminal; or,

The method further comprises the steps of constant current charging: the electronic terminal detects the input current I through the input voltage current detection unit 307_INAnd an input voltage V_IN(ii) a Detecting a charging current I of an input battery 320 through an output voltage current detection unit 310_batAnd battery voltage V_bat(ii) a In another embodiment, the cell voltage/current internal resistance detection unit 314 disposed in the rechargeable battery 320 detects the cell current I of the input cell_cellAnd cell voltage V_cell。

The electronic terminal charging control unit 340 controls the first output voltage of the charging device through the communication line.

At battery voltage V_bat≤V_{bat max}-(Δv₁+ Δ V) or cell voltage V_cell≤V_{cell max}-(Δv₂At the time of + Δ v), the temperature,

if Ibat is less than or equal to Imax- (delta I)₁+ΔI₂) The electronic terminal outputs a control signal to the charging device to continue to increaseA high voltage;

if Imax- (Δ I)₁+ΔI₂)≤Ibat≤Imax-ΔI₁The electronic terminal outputs a control signal to the charging equipment to maintain the current first output voltage;

if Ibat is more than or equal to Imax-delta I₁The electronic terminal outputs a control signal to the charging device to reduce the current output voltage until the charging current is maintained at Imax- (Delta I)₁+ΔI₂)≤Ibat≤Imax-ΔI₁Within the range.

The method further comprises a constant voltage charging step:

when the battery voltage V_{bat max}-(Δv₁+Δv)<V_bat≤V_{bat max}-Δv₁Or cell voltage V_{cell max}-(Δv₂+Δv)<V_cell≤V_{cell max}-Δv₂And when the charging current is reduced to the fast charging exit threshold value, the electronic terminal outputs a control signal to the charging equipment to maintain the current first output voltage, the fast charging exits until the charging current is reduced to the fast charging exit threshold value, the first charging module is closed, and the conventional charging is returned.

When the battery voltage V_{bat max}-Δv₁<V_bat≤V_{bat max}Or the cell voltage V_{cell max}-Δv₂<V_cell≤V_{cell max}The electronic terminal outputs a control signal to the charging device to gradually reduce the first output voltage until the battery voltage V is reached_{bat max}-(Δv₁+Δv)<V_bat≤V_{bat max}-Δv₁(ii) a Or the cell voltage V_{cell max}-(Δv₂+Δv)<V_cell≤V_{cell max}-Δv₂And then maintaining the current first output voltage until the charging current is reduced to the exit quick-charging threshold value.

When the battery voltage V_bat>V_{bat max}Or V_cell>V_{cell max}The electronic terminal charging control unit 340 turns off the current increasing module 308 and the normal charging unit 309, and stops charging.

Wherein, is Δ V₁The highest charge voltage rating allowed for battery 320;

ΔV₁maximum allowable charge voltage quota value for battery cell

Δ V is a measurement error value;

ΔI₁the charging current precision;

ΔI₂adjusting a threshold for the charging current;

V_{bat max}is the maximum voltage of the rechargeable battery 320;

V_{cell max}the maximum voltage of the cell.

While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A charge control method, characterized by comprising the steps of:

acquiring a voltage value of a rechargeable battery of an electronic terminal, judging whether the voltage value is within a preset first voltage range, and if so, sending a first control signal to a charging device by the electronic terminal;

setting a first output voltage according to the first control signal, outputting the first output voltage to the electronic terminal, and opening a first charging module to charge a battery;

in the setting of the first output voltage by the charging device according to the first control signal, the method includes:

a digital logic module of the charging equipment receives the first control signal, converts the voltage to be adjusted into a digital level and stores the digital level in a DAC register; and the digital level value output by the DAC register is converted into an analog voltage signal through a digital-to-analog conversion module, the conduction degree of a linear amplification tube is controlled, the digital level value is converted into a current signal by an isolation communication unit and transmitted to a source side control unit, and the source side control unit adjusts the first output voltage of the charging equipment according to the first control signal.

2. The charge control method according to claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the voltage value of the rechargeable battery of the electronic terminal, and determining whether the voltage value is within a preset first voltage range, if so, sending a first control signal comprises:

and when the voltage value is within a preset first voltage range, detecting the cell temperature of the rechargeable battery, judging whether the cell temperature is within the preset first temperature range, and if so, sending a first control signal.

3. The charge control method according to claim 1, wherein the step of setting the first output voltage according to the control signal and turning on the first charging module to charge the battery comprises:

the electronic terminal detects input voltage, judges whether the input voltage is in a set voltage range, and turns on the first charging module if the input voltage is in the set voltage range.

4. The charge control method according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising:

the electronic terminal detects input current and input voltage, when the input current reaches a cable loop impedance detection preset value, the electronic terminal sets a charging device through a communication line to maintain current output voltage, and reads the current output voltage and the current output current of the charging device;

judging whether the difference value of the current output current and the current input exceeds a preset range, if so, switching off the output of the charger through a communication line; otherwise, the electronic terminal calculates the loop impedance of the cable;

judging whether the loop impedance is in a first preset impedance range, if not, switching off the output of the charger, if so, judging whether the loop impedance is in a second preset impedance range, and if so, calculating according to the loop impedance to obtain a maximum charging current I_MAX。

5. The charge control method according to claim 4, comprising, in reading the present output voltage and the present output current of the charging device:

the digital logic module of the charging equipment controls a change-over switch to be switched to a first pin, measures a first voltage at the left end of a detection resistor R3 connected between a controllable voltage transformation output module of the charging equipment and a charger connector, and stores the first voltage in an ADC register; then, the digital logic module controls the change-over switch to be switched to a second pin, measures a second voltage at the right end of the detection resistor R3, and stores the second voltage in the ADC register; when the electronic terminal reads the current output current, the digital logic module reads the first voltage and the second voltage of the ADC register and outputs the first voltage and the second voltage to the electronic terminal, and the current output current is obtained through operation; or,

the digital logic module compares the difference value of the first voltage and the second voltage, divides the difference value by the resistance value of the detection resistor R3 to obtain the current output current of the current charging equipment, and stores the current output current in a transient register, and when the current output current is read by the electronic terminal, the digital logic module reads the current output current in the transient register and sends the current output current to the electronic terminal;

when the current output voltage is measured, the digital logic module controls the change-over switch to be switched to a third pin, measures a third voltage which is connected in series and then connected in parallel between a detection resistor R4 and a detection resistor R5 at the output end of the charging output connector, and stores the third voltage in the ADC register; when the electronic terminal requests to read the current output voltage of the charging equipment, the digital logic module reads a third voltage value of the ADC register and sends the third voltage value to the electronic terminal; or,

obtaining the current output voltage of the charging equipment by using the third voltage value (R4+ R5)/R5, and storing the current output voltage in a transient register; and when the electronic terminal requests to read the current output voltage of the charger, the digital logic module reads the current output voltage value of the transient state register and sends the current output voltage value to the electronic terminal.

6. The charge control method according to claim 4, characterized by further comprising:

detecting a charging current I input to the rechargeable battery_batAnd the battery voltage V of the rechargeable battery_bat(ii) a Or detecting the cell charging current I input into the cell of the rechargeable battery_cellAnd cell voltage V of rechargeable battery_cell；

When the battery voltage V_bat≤V_batmax-(△v₁V) or cell voltage V_cell≤V_cellmax-(△v₂at the time of +. DELTA.v),

if I_bat≤I_MAX-(△I₁+△I₂) If so, the electronic terminal outputs a control signal to the charging equipment to increase the first output voltage;

if I_MAX-(△I₁+△I₂)≤I_bat≤I_MAX-△I₁If so, the electronic terminal outputs a control signal to the charging equipment to maintain the current first output voltage;

if I_bat≥I_MAX-△I₁Then the electronic terminal outputs a control signal to the chargingMeans for reducing the current of said first output voltage until said charging current is maintained at said I_MAX-(△I₁+△I₂)≤I_bat≤I_MAX-△I₁Within the range;

wherein, is Δ V₁Allowing a maximum charge voltage rating for the battery;

ΔV₂maximum allowable charge voltage quota value for battery cell

Δ V is a measurement error value;

ΔI₁the charging current precision;

ΔI₂adjusting a threshold for the charging current;

V_batmaxis the maximum voltage of the rechargeable battery;

V_cellmaxthe maximum voltage of the cell.

7. The charge control method according to claim 6, characterized by further comprising:

when the battery voltage V_batmax-(△v₁+△v)<V_bat≤V_batmax-△v₁Or cell voltage V_cellmax-(△v₂+△v)<V_cell≤V_cellmax-△v₂When the charging current is reduced to the exit quick-charging threshold value, the electronic terminal outputs a control signal to the charging equipment to maintain the current first output voltage, and the first charging module is closed until the charging current is reduced to the exit quick-charging threshold value;

when the battery voltage V_batmax-△v₁<V_bat≤V_batmaxOr the cell voltage V_cellmax-△v₂<V_cell≤V_cellmaxWhen the battery voltage V is higher than the first output voltage V, the electronic terminal outputs a control signal to the charging equipment to reduce the first output voltage until the battery voltage V is lower than the first output voltage V_batmax-(△v₁+△v)<V_bat≤V_batmax-△v₁Or cell voltage V_cellmax-(△v₂+△v)<V_cell≤V_cellmax-△v₂Then, the first output voltage is maintained until chargingThe flow is reduced to the exit fast-charging threshold value;

when the battery voltage V_bat>V_batmaxOr V_cell>V_cellmaxAnd when the first charging module is started, the electronic terminal turns off the first charging module and the conventional charging unit, and charging is stopped.

8. A charging device for use in the charge control method of any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising a controllable variable voltage output module, an output control and detection unit, and a charge output connector;

9. The charging apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the charging apparatus further comprises a current detection unit, and a voltage detection unit;

the current detection unit comprises a detection resistor R3 connected between the controllable voltage transformation output module and the charging output connector; the voltage detection module comprises a detection resistor R4 and a detection resistor R5 which are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the output end of the charging output connector;

the digital logic module receives the first control signal, converts the voltage needing to be adjusted into a digital level and stores the digital level in the DAC register; the digital level value output by the DAC register is converted into an analog voltage signal through the digital-to-analog conversion module, the conduction degree of the linear amplification tube is controlled, and the first output voltage of the controllable voltage transformation output module is adjusted;

the digital logic module controls the change-over switch to be switched to a first pin, measures a first voltage at the left end of the detection resistor R3 and stores the first voltage in an ADC register; the digital logic module controls the change-over switch to be switched to a second pin, measures a second voltage at the right end of the detection resistor R3 and stores the second voltage in the ADC register; or the digital logic module compares the difference value of the first voltage and the second voltage, divides the difference value by the resistance value of the detection resistor R3 to obtain the current output current of the current charging equipment, and stores the current output current in a transient register;

the digital logic module controls the switch to be switched to a third pin, measures a third voltage between the detection resistor R4 and the detection resistor R5, and stores the third voltage in the ADC register; or, obtaining the current output voltage of the charging device from the third voltage value (R4+ R5)/R5, and storing the current output voltage in a transient register.

10. A charging system comprising an electronic terminal, the charging apparatus of claim 8 or 9 in charging and communicative connection with said electronic terminal;

the electronic terminal obtains a voltage value of a rechargeable battery of the electronic terminal, judges whether the voltage value is within a preset first voltage range, and sends a first control signal if the voltage value is within the preset first voltage range;

the charging equipment sets a first output voltage according to the control signal and outputs the first output voltage to the electronic terminal, and the electronic terminal opens a first charging module of the charging equipment to perform quick charging according to the first output voltage and the voltage value of the rechargeable battery.