CN105702261B - Sound focusing microphone array long range sound pick up equipment with phase self-correcting function - Google Patents
Sound focusing microphone array long range sound pick up equipment with phase self-correcting function Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
- G10L21/00—Speech or voice signal processing techniques to produce another audible or non-audible signal, e.g. visual or tactile, in order to modify its quality or its intelligibility
- G10L21/02—Speech enhancement, e.g. noise reduction or echo cancellation
- G10L21/0208—Noise filtering
- G10L21/0216—Noise filtering characterised by the method used for estimating noise
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
- H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
- H04R1/323—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only for loudspeakers
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
- G10L21/00—Speech or voice signal processing techniques to produce another audible or non-audible signal, e.g. visual or tactile, in order to modify its quality or its intelligibility
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Abstract
Sound focusing microphone array long range sound pick up equipment with phase self-correcting function, is related to pick up facility.Equipped with sound focusing mechanism, microphone array, phase self-correction module, wave beam alignment modules and speech enhan-cement module；Sound focusing mechanism is used for the focusing of microphone sound field, and sound focusing mechanism is mounted on microphone front face；Microphone array is used for multichannel collecting voice signal, preposition processing and analog-to-digital conversion；The phase difference that phase self-correction module is used to introduce each microphone array column unit sound focusing carries out self-correcting；Wave beam alignment modules, which are used to adjust each channel time delay according to target speaker direction, carries out Sounnd source direction alignment；Speech enhan-cement module is for running microphone array speech enhancement enhancing voice.Speech enhan-cement is carried out in conjunction with sound focusing mechanism, there is the high quality pickup effect to remote speech.Microphone Array Speech reinforcing effect is guaranteed while forming sound field focusing effect using the phase difference that phase automatic correcting method correction sound focusing mechanism introduces.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pick up facilities, more particularly, to a kind of sound focusing microphone array with phase self-correcting function
Column long range sound pick up equipment.
Background technique
In fields such as smart home, performance, speech, meetings, the sound pick up equipment for having long range voice collecting function can be remote
Distance obtains the voice of speaker to greatly improve remote speech quality and rear end Speech processing performance.But in reality
Remote speech acquisition is carried out under the conditions of the complex background noise of border has extreme difficulties.It seriously declines caused by voice long distance transmission
Subtract, in addition the presence of ambient noise, so that remote speech acquisition device need to guarantee remote speech using high directivity
Acquisition quality.
Current long range sound pick up equipment mainly uses the gun-type microphone or Acoustic focusing structure (loudspeaker of interference tube structure
Type, parabolic type) form high directivity.
Chinese patent ZL 2010105911582 discloses a kind of long range sound pick up equipment of video location, the device with
Circumference centered on video camera installs 2 directional microphones and constitutes high directivity sound focusing bucket, and installs 2 entirely outside barrel side wall
To microphone for obtaining reference noise, operator can carry out pair according to video image content when which rotates with camera
It is obtained and the equidirectional long range voice signal of camera after burnt, video location.
But it, must due to can be only formed fixed directional wave beam using the long range sound pick up equipment of fixed beam high directivity
The revolution of the devices such as holder must be relied on to be directed at distant object speaker, the system for increasing holder and servo-actuated rotating part is multiple
Miscellaneous degree, so that installation and use are more complicated；Meanwhile for distant object speaker that is quick, frequently moving, machinery is returned
Rotary device can not often be tracked in time.
Microphone array can form different responses to the signal on different directions by forming multiple microphones, have wave beam
The functions such as scanning, auditory localization, tracking can be improved the voice collecting quality under ambient noise, and be without mechanical rotation device
Beam scanning can be realized using beam scanning algorithm.
Chinese patent ZL 2012103200049 discloses a kind of Microphone Array Speech with Sounnd source direction following function
Enhancement device, the device may be implemented at the speech enhan-cement to moving sound using parallel filter construction combination beam scanning
Reason.
But for field outside the fields room such as above-mentioned security, security protection, criminal investigation, stability maintenance apart from voice collecting occasion, due to distance
Severe signal caused by remote is decayed, and faint microphone array receives signal and often covered by serious ambient noise, can not be acquired
To the remote speech of better quality.
It is poly- by combining sound focusing mechanism and microphone array formation sound focusing microphone array that can carry out acoustical signal first
Then coke recycles microphone array technology to improve the performance of outdoor remote speech acquisition under remote noise conditions.But
It is proposed since regular microphones array voice enhancement algorithm is based on plane wave approximation, using incidence wave as the far field situation of plane wave
Premised on, i.e., by from far field incident speech and noise be incident on microphone array in the form of parallel wave and respectively receive Mike
As the enhancing effective precondition of algorithm in wind unit.And the installation of sound focusing mechanism is so that incident acoustic wave is by sound focusing in parallel
While mechanism focuses, identical phase changes after sound focusing originally between parallel wave, produces phase difference.This
When, due to being unsatisfactory for the precondition of parallel incidence, still will be unable to using traditional microphone array speech enhancement
Microphone Array Speech signal after focusing to sound focusing mechanism obtains ideal speech enhan-cement performance.
From above-mentioned analysis it is found that binding directly sound focusing mechanism and microphone array will be unable to enhance after reaching focusing acoustic field
The ideal effect of Microphone Array Speech.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to still will be unable to pair using traditional microphone array speech enhancement for existing
The problems such as Microphone Array Speech signal after the focusing of sound focusing mechanism obtains ideal speech enhan-cement performance, provides a kind of band phase
The sound focusing microphone array long range sound pick up equipment of position self-correcting function.
The present invention is equipped with:
Sound focusing mechanism, the sound focusing mechanism are used for the focusing of microphone sound field, and sound focusing mechanism is mounted on microphone
Front end；
Microphone array, the microphone array are used for multichannel collecting voice signal, preposition processing and analog-to-digital conversion；
Phase self-correction module, what the phase self-correction module was used to introduce each microphone array column unit sound focusing
Phase difference carries out self-correcting；
Wave beam alignment modules, the wave beam alignment modules are used to adjust each channel time delay according to target speaker direction and carry out
Sounnd source direction alignment；
Speech enhan-cement module, the speech enhan-cement module is for running microphone array speech enhancement enhancing voice.
Parabolic can be used in the sound focusing mechanism, for covering on each microphone unit of microphone array
Achieve the purpose that sound field focusing, sound focusing mechanism material are stainless steel to adapt to outdoor application；
The microphone array is equipped with channel speech signal acquisition circuit, pre-amplification circuit, analog-digital converter and endpoint
Module is slightly sentenced in detection；The output end of channel speech signal acquisition circuit successively after pre-amplification circuit and analog-digital converter, leads to
It crosses data line and directly slightly sentences the signal input part of module with end-point detection and connect；Microphone array can be equipped with multiple equidistant arrangements
Microphone.
The phase self-correction module signal input part connects microphone array output end, and phase self-correction module output end is defeated
Phase correction out；
The wave beam alignment modules signal input part connects the phase correction signal output end of phase self-correction module, input
Each channel signal carries out cumulative and beamformer output alignment result after time delay adjusts；
The speech enhan-cement module is equipped with signal input part and wave beam is directed at input terminal, and signal input part connects phase self-correcting
The phase correction signal output end of module and the wave beam alignment result signal output end of wave beam alignment modules, by speech enhan-cement mould
Output remote speech enhances result after block carries out Microphone Array Speech enhancing processing.
Sound focusing microphone array voice enhancement method with phase self-correcting, including following step are carried out using the present invention
It is rapid:
1 phase self-correcting learning procedure: in device installation, before use, according to different directions incidence sound to sound focusing
Self-correcting study is carried out, the corresponding correction coefficient of all angles is obtained and is saved；
1 initialization step: each module parameter Initialize installation；
1 phase self-correcting step: recalling the phase correction coefficient pre-saved according to given target direction, to each logical
Road microphone array signals carry out phase self-correcting, and output phase corrects result；
1 wave beam alignment procedures: according to given target direction to each channel signal of microphone array after phasing
It carries out delay compensation and adds up, beamformer output alignment result；
1 speech enhan-cement step: it is obtained using microphone array channel signal after the correction of input by blocking matrix
Reference noise, carrying out Microphone Array Speech with wave beam alignment result enhances technology, obtains enhancing voice.
The problem to be solved in the present invention is the sound focusing microphone array long range pickup with phase self-correcting function, this hair
The concrete thought of the sound focusing microphone array long range sound pick up equipment with phase self-correcting function of bright offer are as follows: first to band
Sound focusing microphone array receives signal and carries out phase self-correcting study, certainly for the preparatory technology phase of different angle condition of incidence
Correction coefficient simultaneously saves, and is then recalled in actual use according to the target direction provided and pre-saves phasing system accordingly
Number, carries out phase self-correcting to each channel signal of sound focusing microphone array first.Basis gives after completion phase self-correcting
Target direction carries out Microphone Array Speech enhancing.
The present invention is for the pickup dress for improving sound focusing mechanism and microphone array combination in remote speech acquisition demand
Performance is set, proposes not only realize focusing function when passing through sound focusing using the processing of phase self-correcting, but also can be sound
The phase difference that focusing introduces is corrected, and improves the performance of Microphone Array Speech enhancing after sound focusing.
Compared with the high directional microphone device of existing fixation at present or regular microphones array, the present invention has following prominent
Advantage out:
First, sound field focusing and microphone array are carried out due to combining sound focusing mechanism and carries out speech enhan-cement, are had pair
The high quality pickup effect of remote speech.
Second, it is poly- forming sound field due to correcting the phase difference of sound focusing mechanism introducing using phase automatic correcting method
While burnt effect, it is ensured that the effect of Microphone Array Speech enhancing.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structure composition block diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is microphone sound focusing structural scheme of mechanism used in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is to generate phase difference schematic diagram after sound focusing mechanism causes parallel incident acoustic wave to focus.
Fig. 4 is phase self-correcting Learning Principle figure.
Fig. 5 is 5 yuan of microphone arrays of the embodiment of the present invention and its connect circuit diagram with microprocessor.
Fig. 6 is that sound focusing microphone array carries out wave beam alignment principles figure in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 each channel time delay compensation value calculation principle when being sound focusing microphone array wave beam alignment in the embodiment of the present invention
Figure.
Specific embodiment
In order to keep technology contents of the invention, feature, advantage more obvious and easy to understand, following embodiment will be in conjunction with attached drawing to this
Invention is further described.
As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention is equipped with:
Sound focusing mechanism 1, the sound focusing mechanism are used for the focusing of microphone sound field, and sound focusing mechanism is mounted on microphone
Front end；
Microphone array 2, the microphone array are used for multichannel collecting voice signal, preposition processing and analog-to-digital conversion；
Phase self-correction module 3, the phase self-correction module are used to introduce each microphone array column unit sound focusing
Phase difference carry out self-correcting；
Wave beam alignment modules 4, the wave beam alignment modules be used to be adjusted according to target speaker direction each channel time delay into
The alignment of row Sounnd source direction；
Speech enhan-cement module 5, the speech enhan-cement module is for running microphone array speech enhancement enhancing voice.
Parabolic can be used in the sound focusing mechanism 1, for covering on each microphone unit of microphone array
On achieve the purpose that sound field focusing, sound focusing mechanism material is stainless steel to adapt to outdoor application；
The microphone array 2 is equipped with channel speech signal acquisition circuit, pre-amplification circuit, analog-digital converter and endpoint
Module is slightly sentenced in detection；The output end of channel speech signal acquisition circuit successively after pre-amplification circuit and analog-digital converter, leads to
It crosses data line and directly slightly sentences the signal input part of module with end-point detection and connect；Microphone array can be equipped with multiple equidistant arrangements
Microphone.
3 signal input part of phase self-correction module connects microphone array output end, phase self-correction module output end
Output phase corrects result；
4 signal input part of wave beam alignment modules connects the phase correction signal output end of phase self-correction module, input
Each channel signal cumulative and beamformer output alignment result is carried out after time delay adjusts；
The speech enhan-cement module 5 is equipped with signal input part and wave beam is directed at input terminal, and signal input part connects phase self-correcting
The positive phase correction signal output end of module 3 and the wave beam alignment result signal output end of wave beam alignment modules 4, increase by voice
Output remote speech enhances result after strong module carries out Microphone Array Speech enhancing processing.
Microphone array in the sound focusing microphone array long range sound pick up equipment embodiment with phase self-correcting function
Column form microphone lines array by 5 microphones equidistantly arranged (m0, m1 ..., m4), and each microphone unit is pacified in array
Dress sound focusing mechanism carries out focusing.
Microphone array is made of microphone unit and hardware circuit generally in the art, and wherein microphone array is by volume
Pressure type electret microphone m0 ..., m4, the NJM2100 operational amplifier chip small, structure is simple, electroacoustic performance is good is constituted
Pre-amplification circuit and MAX118 modulus conversion chip constitute (as shown in Figure 2), microphone spacing d=in the present embodiment
30cm。
Phase self-correction module, wave beam alignment modules, speech enhan-cement mould belong to digital signal processing module, in this implementation
Realization is programmed using ARM9 S3C2440 microprocessor generally in the art in example.
The connection of microphone array and microprocessor uses connection type generally in the art: 5 wheats in microphone array
Input multichannel modulus turns after 2 grades of pre-amplification circuits amplification that gram wind output signal operational amplifier shown in Fig. 2 is constituted
Chip MAX118 is changed, S3C2440 microprocessor is led to by I/O port GPB2, input channel end A1, A2, A3 of 3,4 control MAX118
Reading/write-in port WR, the RD for crossing timer output pin TOUT0, TOUT1 control MAX118 carries out the mould of sample frequency 16ksps
Number conversion carries out the transmission of 8bit analog-digital conversion result to S3C2440 microprocessor by data line DATA0 to DATA7.
Multicenter voice signal modulus is transferred into the sound focusing microphone array long range sound pick up equipment embodiment
Data, control stream connection type such as Fig. 3 after microprocessor, between each digital signal processing module run in the form of software programming
It is shown, it is described as follows:
Phase self-correcting positive coefficient learning procedure: it installs and uses in the sound focusing microphone array long range sound pick up equipment
Before need to carry out in advance phase self-correcting positive coefficient study.The study of phase self correcting system outdoor spacious, quiet experimental site into
Row, as shown in figure 4, (training signal is pseudorandom in the present embodiment using the known training signal d (n) of loudspeaker broadcasting in far field
Noise signal, training signal length are 1600), to be equipped with 5 each channel input signals of channel microphone array of sound focusing mechanism
xi(n), i=0,1,2 ..., 4.Since far field parallel wave as shown in Figure 3 is with different incidence angles sound focusing mechanism generation after incident
Phase difference mode is not identical, and phase self-correcting needs each angle to work in microphone array with fixed angle interval
(angle is set to be 2.5 degree in the present embodiment) carries out respectively, forms the corresponding phase self-correcting positive coefficient of each angle simultaneously
It saves.What it is due to consideration is far field incidence, it can thus be assumed that sound focusing mechanism microphone array when corresponding each incident angle incidence
Arrange each channel phase difference mode be it is identical, therefore, phase self-correcting positive coefficient study only need to be in intermediate channel, that is, channel i=2
It carries out.Phase self-correcting positive coefficient learning process is carried out in ARM9 S3C2440 in a manner of software programming in the present embodiment.
Specific phase self-correcting positive coefficient learning process combination Fig. 4 is described as follows:
In θTIt spends for incidence angle progress phase self-correcting positive coefficient study, spaciousness, quiet experimental site in outdoor,
Far field (it is 30 meters that loudspeaker, which are placed apart from sound focusing microphone array center, in the present embodiment) plays known training letter using loudspeaker
Number d (n).At this point, intermediate channel input signal xi(n), i=2 is known training signal d (n) with θTIt spends incidence angle and passes through sound focusing
Phase difference transmission function is formed after mechanism and produces phase difference, then phase self-correcting the destination of study is to construct the phase of a L rank
Bit correction filter coefficient WθT=[w1 w2 w3 w4……wL], pass through adaptive algorithm (L=100 in the present embodiment, using this
The general least mean-square error LMS adaptive algorithm in field) coefficient W is carried out using known training signal d (n) as echo signalθT
Adaptive iteration study, the purpose of iterative learning is to keep the side of each channel error e (n) minimum:
Rn=x3(n,n+1,...,n+L-1) (3)
The coefficient W formed after algorithmic statementθTAs θTThe phase correction coefficient in degree each channel when incident, this coefficient is saved
For carrying out phase self-correcting.It is completed with 2.5 degree of angle intervals each within the scope of 0~180 degree of sound focusing microphone array front
Angle exercise and corresponding phase self-correcting positive coefficient complete self-correcting positive coefficient learning procedure after saving.
Phase self-correcting step: it completes after phase self-correcting positive coefficient learns and mountable, remote using present apparatus progress
Pickup.The determination of Sounnd source direction can use video monitoring positioning or other direction determining methods generally in the art to obtain sound
Source direction θT.Obtaining Sounnd source direction θTAfterwards, each channel signal is recalled according to given Sounnd source direction and phase is stored in advance accordingly
Position self-correcting positive coefficient Wi,aCarry out phase self-correcting.Each channel speech after phase self-correcting are as follows:
Sound source alignment procedures: it in the present embodiment, is used according to the acoustic target direction given in actual use and realizes this
The general delay compensation in field-addition beam-forming method carries out Sounnd source direction estimation, and principle combination legend is said as follows
It is bright:
To each channel input signal x' after phase self-correctingi(n), i=0,1,2 ..., 4 row time delay value polishings are right
Each channel signal weighted superposition after polishing obtains alignment respective party parallactic angle θTWave beam forming output signal.If when each channel
Prolonging adjusted value is τi(θT), i=0,1,2 ..., 4 represent each channel of embodiment microphone array, then after delay compensation
Each channel speech are as follows:
x”i(n,θT)=x'i[n+τi(θT)], i=0,1 ..., 4
The delay compensation value of each channel signal can be determined by following formula:
Wherein i is the number in each channel in linear array, and C is the velocity of sound (340m/s is taken in the present embodiment) in air, θTFor choosing
Fixed Sounnd source direction.fsFor the sample frequency (unit Hz is 16000Hz in the present embodiment) of Microphone Array Speech signal,
Round () represents rounding operation.
Superposition is weighted to the signal after time delay polishing, wave beam alignment Sounnd source direction θ can be obtainedTOutput signal:
y(n,θT)=Wa TX”(n,θT)
Wherein weight vector Wa=[w1,w2,…,w4]T, andX”(n,θT)=[x "0(n,θT),x”1(n,θT)…,
x”4(n,θT)]。
Because to the long distance of different directions by the way of sound focusing microphone array Wave beam forming in the embodiment of the present invention
Pickup is carried out from sound source, there is no need to carry out mechanical registeration using the auxiliary devices such as holder, revolving platform.
Speech enhan-cement step: using the output signal of wave beam alignment Sounnd source direction as signals with noise, using fixed coefficient
The blocking matrix of composition each channel input signal compensated to time delay enters to hold after carrying out obstruction processing as reference, using ability
The general adaptive noise cancel- ation processing in domain.
5 yuan of microphone arrays of the embodiment of the present invention and its circuit diagram is connect referring to Fig. 5 with microprocessor；The present invention is implemented
Sound focusing microphone array carries out wave beam alignment principles figure referring to Fig. 6 in example；Sound focusing microphone array in the embodiment of the present invention
Each channel time delay compensation value calculation schematic diagram is referring to Fig. 7 when wave beam alignment.
Maximum feature of the invention is that sound focusing mechanism and microphone array is combined to carry out remote speech acquisition, and leads to
Phase difference caused by phase self-correcting function overcomes the problems, such as sound focusing mechanism in focusing acoustic field is crossed, Microphone Array Speech is improved
Speech enhan-cement effect when enhancing algorithm uses in sound focusing mechanism microphone array, to realize the height to remote speech
Quality pickup.
Claims (8)
1. the sound focusing microphone array long range sound pick up equipment with phase self-correcting function, it is characterised in that be equipped with:
Sound focusing mechanism, the sound focusing mechanism are used for the focusing of microphone sound field, and sound focusing mechanism is mounted on microphone front face；
Microphone array, the microphone array are used for multichannel collecting voice signal, preposition processing and analog-to-digital conversion；
Phase self-correction module, the phase self-correction module are used to prestore coefficient according to given target bearing calling with filter
Form phase difference that each microphone array column unit sound focusing is introduced carry out self-correcting；
Wave beam alignment modules, the wave beam alignment modules, which are used to adjust each channel time delay according to target speaker direction, carries out sound source
Direction alignment；
Speech enhan-cement module, the speech enhan-cement module is for running microphone array speech enhancement enhancing voice.
2. the sound focusing microphone array long range sound pick up equipment with phase self-correcting function as described in claim 1, feature
It is that the sound focusing mechanism using parabolic, reaches sound on each microphone unit for covering on microphone array
The purpose that field focuses.
3. the sound focusing microphone array long range sound pick up equipment with phase self-correcting function as described in claim 1, feature
It is that the microphone array is equipped with channel speech signal acquisition circuit, pre-amplification circuit, analog-digital converter and end-point detection
Slightly sentence module；The output end of channel speech signal acquisition circuit successively after pre-amplification circuit and analog-digital converter, passes through number
The signal input part for directly slightly sentencing module with end-point detection according to line is connect.
4. the sound focusing microphone array long range sound pick up equipment with phase self-correcting function as described in claim 1, feature
It is that the microphone array is equipped with multiple microphones equidistantly arranged.
5. the sound focusing microphone array long range sound pick up equipment with phase self-correcting function as described in claim 1, feature
It is that the phase self-correction module signal input part connects microphone array output end, phase self-correction module output end output phase
Bit correction result.
6. the sound focusing microphone array long range sound pick up equipment with phase self-correcting function as described in claim 1, feature
It is that the wave beam alignment modules signal input part connects the phase correction signal output end of phase self-correction module, each of input is led to
Road signal carries out cumulative and beamformer output alignment result after time delay adjusts.
7. the sound focusing microphone array long range sound pick up equipment with phase self-correcting function as described in claim 1, feature
It is that the speech enhan-cement module is equipped with signal input part and wave beam alignment input terminal, signal input part connects phase self-correction module
Phase correction signal output end and wave beam alignment modules wave beam alignment result signal output end, by speech enhan-cement module into
Output remote speech enhances result after row Microphone Array Speech enhancing processing.
8. the sound focusing microphone array voice enhancement method with phase self-correcting, it is characterised in that using such as claim 1~7
In any sound focusing microphone array long range sound pick up equipment with phase self-correcting function, the method includes following steps
It is rapid:
1 phase self-correcting learning procedure: in device installation, before use, being carried out according to different directions incidence sound to sound focusing
Self-correcting study obtains the corresponding correction coefficient of all angles and saves；
1 initialization step: each module parameter Initialize installation；
1 phase self-correcting step: the phase correction coefficient pre-saved is recalled, according to given target direction with filter
Form carries out phase self-correcting to each channel microphone array signals, and output phase corrects result；
1 wave beam alignment procedures: each channel signal of microphone array after phasing is carried out according to given target direction
Delay compensation simultaneously adds up, beamformer output alignment result；
1 speech enhan-cement step: it is referred to using each channel signal of microphone array after the correction of input by blocking matrix
Noise, carrying out Microphone Array Speech with wave beam alignment result enhances technology, obtains enhancing voice.
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