CN105652549A - 一种电响应智能玻璃、其制备方法及其光调节方法 - Google Patents
一种电响应智能玻璃、其制备方法及其光调节方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种电响应智能玻璃、其制备方法及其光调节方法,所述智能玻璃包括相对设置的两块透光基板、电源组件及填充在所述两块透光基板之间的调节区,所述调节区内填充有液晶混合物,所述液晶混合物包含染料液晶、负性液晶和红外反射薄膜碎片,所述两块透光基板分别于所述电源组件的两极电性连接,在所述透光基板未通电状态下,所述染料液晶、所述负性液晶和所述红外反射薄膜碎片呈垂直于所述透光基板的单畴排布,可见光和红外光透射,在所述透光基板通电状态下,所述染料液晶、所述负性液晶和所述红外反射薄膜碎片呈平行于所述透光基板的多畴排布,能吸收、散射部分可见光和反射部分红外光。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑家居生活材料领域,尤其涉及一种电响应智能玻璃、其制备方法及其光调节方法。
背景技术
为了实现阳光透射和反射的目的,一般会在玻璃窗上镀膜,使光线中某段波长的光可以被玻璃窗反射或透射。而根据不同的反光和透光需求,可以采用不同材质的膜。
例如,低辐射(Low-E)玻璃在玻璃表面有镀膜层,该镀膜层对可见光具有高度透过率的同时,对远红外辐射热有着较高的反射率,因而室内有隔热保温效果。但Low-E镀膜玻璃一旦在结构形成之后,其光学性能就不随环境变化或个人喜好进行可逆的双向调节获得冬暖夏凉的效果,难以适应我国大部分四季分明地区的需求。同理,现有的窗户采用的镀膜玻璃在成型后可满足对可见光中某段波长的光进行反射的前提下,一旦镀膜玻璃成型,无法任意调节各波段波长的光的反射与透射。同时镀膜玻璃所采用的反光材料大多是基于金属和金属氧化物掺杂的离子晶体,构成这种玻璃的反光材料容易干扰导航和通信系统,这个缺点不利于镀膜玻璃在世界范围内进行普及与广泛应用的。
基于上述原因,国内外的镀膜玻璃难于广泛地用于大量建筑家居及生活中,而电响应智能玻璃可自由调节可见光或红外光,解决镀膜玻璃局限性,在建筑玻璃,智能家居等方面有着良好的应用前景。但是研发出来的电响应智能玻璃仅能调节可见光反射透射或者仅能调节红外光反射透射,而目前市场上还没有智能玻璃可以同时调节红外光和可见光。研发一种可以同时调节红外光和可见光的智能玻璃,能够实现光线亮度和房屋内温度的同时调节,可以同时起到遮光和调温的作用。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种电响应智能玻璃、其制备方法及其光调节方法。
本发明所采取的技术方案是:
一种电响应智能玻璃,包括相对设置的两块透光基板、电源组件及填充在所述两块透光基板之间的调节区,所述调节区内填充有液晶混合物,所述液晶混合物包含染料液晶、负性液晶和红外反射薄膜碎片,所述两块透光基板分别于所述电源组件的两极电性连接,在所述透光基板未通电状态下,所述染料液晶、所述负性液晶和所述红外反射薄膜碎片呈垂直于所述透光基板的单畴排布,在所述透光基板通电状态下,所述染料液晶、所述负性液晶和所述红外反射薄膜碎片呈平行于所述透光基板的多畴排布。
优选地,两块所述透光基板相对的表面上涂覆有垂直配向层。
优选地,所述液晶混合物包含5-25质量份染料液晶、65-90质量份负性液晶和5-10质量份红外反射薄膜碎片。
优选地,所述红外反射薄膜碎片由红外反射薄膜破碎得到。
进一步优选地,所述红外反射薄膜是由胆甾相混合液晶聚合固化反应得到的。
本发明还提供了一种如上所述的电响应智能玻璃的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1:制备两块透光基板,分别在两块所述透光基板的一个表面上涂覆配向层;
S2:将两块所述透光基板涂覆有配向层的表面相对设置,制备成液晶盒;
S3:取红外反射薄膜,破碎,形成红外反射薄膜碎片;
S4:取染料液晶、负性液晶和S3制备得到的红外反射薄膜碎片混合,将其注入所述液晶盒;
S5:将液晶盒密封;
S6:将两块所述透光基板分别与所述电源组件的两极电性连接。
优选地,所述S1中配向层为垂直配向层。
优选地,所述S4中染料液晶、负性液晶和红外反射薄膜碎片的质量比为(5-25):(65-90):(5-10)。
优选地,所述红外反射薄膜是由胆甾相混合液晶聚合固化反应得到的。
本发明还提供了如上所述的电响应智能玻璃的光调节方法,包括以下步骤:通过电压控制负性液晶的转向来带动染料液晶与红外反射薄膜碎片转向,从而使负性液晶、染料液晶、及红外反射薄膜碎片从垂直于所述透光基板的单畴排布转变为呈平行于所述透光基板的多畴排布,进而调节可见光的透射、吸收与散射以及红外光的透射与反射。
本发明的有益效果是:
本发明提供了一种电响应智能玻璃,包括相对设置的两块透光基板、电源组件及填充在所述两块透光基板之间的调节区,所述调节区内填充有液晶混合物,所述液晶混合物包含染料液晶、负性液晶和红外反射薄膜碎片,所述两块透光基板分别于所述电源组件的两极电性连接,在所述透光基板未通电状态下,在垂直配向层的诱导下,所述染料液晶、所述负性液晶和所述红外反射薄膜碎片呈垂直于所述透光基板的单畴排布,此时,智能玻璃为透明态,可见光和红外光可以从所述智能玻璃透射,在所述透光基板通电状态下,由于负性液晶具有负介电性能,在电场下,所述负性液晶带动所述染料液晶和所述红外反射薄膜碎片向平行于所述透光基板的方向旋转,由于所述染料液晶和所述红外反射薄膜碎片的性质、形状、粒径均不同,旋转后,所述染料液晶、所述负性液晶和所述红外反射薄膜碎片在平行于所述透光基板的方向上呈多畴排布,所述染料液晶可以吸收、散射部分可见光,所述红外反射薄膜碎片可以反射红外光,能够同时降低可见光和红外光的透射,实现遮光和降温的作用。
附图说明
图1为电响应智能玻璃的结构简图;
图2为未通电状态下电响应智能玻璃的截面图;
图3为通电状态下电响应智能玻璃的截面图;
图4为通电状态下电响应智能玻璃的俯视图。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种电响应智能玻璃,包括相对设置的两块透光基板、电源组件及填充在所述两块透光基板之间的调节区,所述调节区内填充有液晶混合物,所述液晶混合物包含染料液晶、负性液晶和红外反射薄膜碎片,两块所述透光基板分别与所述电源组件的两极电性连接,在所述透光基板未通电状态下,所述染料液晶、所述负性液晶和所述红外反射薄膜碎片呈垂直于所述透光基板的单畴排布,在所述透光基板通电状态下,所述染料液晶、所述负性液晶和所述红外反射薄膜碎片呈平行于所述透光基板的多畴排布。两块所述透光基板相对的表面上涂覆有垂直配向层。所述液晶混合物包含5-25质量份染料液晶、65-90质量份负性液晶和5-10质量份红外反射薄膜碎片。所述红外反射薄膜碎片由红外反射薄膜破碎得到。所述红外反射薄膜是由胆甾相混合液晶聚合固化反应得到的。优选的实施例中,所述染料液晶的材料为江西和成显示科技股份有限公司的HDP852000-000E303或HDP851900-000E303。
实施例1:
按照以下步骤制备电响应智能玻璃,S1:取两块透光基板,所述透光基板由玻璃板1和覆在玻璃板1的表面的ITO电极2组成,所述ITO电极2与玻璃板1的大小大致相同;S2:分别在两块所述透光基板的一个表面上涂覆垂直配向层3,即在具有ITO电极2的表面涂覆垂直配向层3,即在具有ITO电极2的表面旋涂垂直取向剂材料,热固化,得到垂直配向层3;S3:将两块所述透光基板制备成液晶盒;S4:将向列相液晶与手性液晶混合得到胆甾相混合液晶,紫外光固化,热固化,所述胆甾相混合液晶形成红外反射薄膜;S5:超声破碎所述红外反射薄膜,形成红外反射薄膜碎片;S6:取5质量份的染料液晶、5质量份所述红外反射薄膜碎片和65质量份负性液晶,混合,将其注入所述液晶盒,其中,所述染料液晶的材料为江西和成显示科技股份有限公司的HDP852000-000E303,所述负性液晶为默克公司的BL109;S7:将液晶盒密封并与电源组件两极电性连接,得到的电响应智能玻璃的结构简图如图1。所述透光基板的与所述电源组件的两极电性连接,闭合开关时,两块所述透光基板通电,在两块所述透光基板之间会形成一个电场,该电场的大小与ITO电极2的接入电压有关。
制备得到的电响应智能玻璃在未通电状态下的截面图如图2,可以看到,所述电响应智能玻璃,包括相对设置的两块透光基板、电源组件及填充在所述两块透光基板之间的调节区,所述透光基板由玻璃板1和覆在玻璃板1表面的ITO电极2组成,在两块所述透光基板的ITO电极2上涂覆有垂直配向层3。所述透光基板之间还设有边框7,所述边框7将所述液晶混合物8封闭在内,形成调节区。所述调节区内填充有液晶混合物8,所述液晶混合物8包含5质量份的染料液晶4、90质量份的负性液晶5和5质量份的红外反射薄膜碎片6。在所述透光基板未通电状态下,在垂直配向层3的诱导下,所述染料液晶4、所述负性液晶5和所述红外反射薄膜碎片6呈垂直于所述透光基板的单畴排布,此时,智能玻璃为透明态,可见光和红外光可以从所述智能玻璃透射,图2中直线箭头表示可见光,虚线箭头表示红外光。
制备得到的电响应智能玻璃在通电状态下的截面图如图3,图中直线箭头表示可见光,虚线箭头表示红外光,通电状态下电响应智能玻璃的俯视图如图4,可以看到,在所述透光基板通电状态下,由于负性液晶5具有负介电性能,在电场下,所述负性液晶5带动所述染料液晶4和所述红外反射薄膜碎片6向平行于所述透光基板的方向旋转,由于所述染料液晶4和所述红外反射薄膜碎片6的性质、形状、粒径均不同,旋转后,所述染料液晶4、所述负性液晶5和所述红外反射薄膜碎片6在平行于所述透光基板的方向上呈多畴排布,所述染料液晶4可以吸收、散射部分可见光,所述红外反射薄膜碎片6可以反射红外光,能够同时降低可见光和红外光的透射,实现遮光和降温的作用。所以,本发明所述智能玻璃在未通电状态和通电状态下,可见光和红外光的透射率不同,可以通过电压控制负性液晶的转向来带动染料液晶与红外反射薄膜碎片转向,从而使负性液晶、染料液晶、及红外反射薄膜碎片从垂直于所述透光基板的单畴排布转变为呈平行于所述透光基板的多畴排布,进而调节可见光的透射、吸收与散射以及红外光的透射与反射。
实施例2:
本实施例与实施例1基本相同,不同之处在于:所述S6为取25质量份的染料液晶、10质量份所述红外反射薄膜碎片和90质量份负性液晶,混合,将其注入所述液晶盒,其中,所述染料液晶的材料为江西和成显示科技股份有限公司的HDP851900-000E303,所述负性液晶为江西和成显示科技股份有限公司HSG30600。
实施例3:
本实施例与实施例1基本相同,不同之处在于:所述S6为取15质量份的染料液晶、7质量份所述红外反射薄膜碎片和80质量份负性液晶,混合,将其注入所述液晶盒,其中,所述染料液晶的材料为江西和成显示科技股份有限公司的HDP851900-000E303,所述负性液晶为江西和成显示科技股份有限公司HSG30600。
Claims (10)
1.一种电响应智能玻璃,其特征在于,包括相对设置的两块透光基板、电源组件及填充在所述两块透光基板之间的调节区,所述调节区内填充有液晶混合物,所述液晶混合物包含染料液晶、负性液晶和红外反射薄膜碎片,两块所述透光基板分别与所述电源组件的两极电性连接,在所述透光基板未通电状态下,所述染料液晶、所述负性液晶和所述红外反射薄膜碎片呈垂直于所述透光基板的单畴排布,在所述透光基板通电状态下,所述染料液晶、所述负性液晶和所述红外反射薄膜碎片呈平行于所述透光基板的多畴排布。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种电响应智能玻璃,其特征在于,两块所述透光基板相对的表面上涂覆有垂直配向层。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种电响应智能玻璃,其特征在于,所述液晶混合物包含5-25质量份染料液晶、65-90质量份负性液晶和5-10质量份红外反射薄膜碎片。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种电响应智能玻璃,其特征在于,所述红外反射薄膜碎片由红外反射薄膜破碎得到。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种电响应智能玻璃,其特征在于,所述红外反射薄膜是由胆甾相混合液晶聚合固化反应得到的。
6.权利要求1-5任一项所述的电响应智能玻璃的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1:制备两块透光基板,分别在两块所述透光基板的一个表面上涂覆配向层;
S2:将两块所述透光基板涂覆有配向层的表面相对设置,制备成液晶盒;
S3:取红外反射薄膜,破碎,形成红外反射薄膜碎片;
S4:取染料液晶、负性液晶和S3制备得到的红外反射薄膜碎片混合,将其注入所述液晶盒;
S5:将液晶盒密封;
S6:将两块所述透光基板分别与所述电源组件的两极电性连接。
7.根据权利要求6所述的电响应智能玻璃的制备方法,其特征在于,所述S1中配向层为垂直配向层。
8.根据权利要求6所述的电响应智能玻璃的制备方法,其特征在于,所述S4中染料液晶、负性液晶和红外反射薄膜碎片的质量比为(5-25):(65-90):(5-10)。
9.根据权利要求6所述的电响应智能玻璃的制备方法,其特征在于,所述红外反射薄膜是由胆甾相混合液晶聚合固化反应得到的。
10.权利要求1-5任一项所述的电响应智能玻璃的光调节方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:通过电压控制负性液晶的转向来带动染料液晶与红外反射薄膜碎片转向,从而使负性液晶、染料液晶、及红外反射薄膜碎片从垂直于所述透光基板的单畴排布转变为呈平行于所述透光基板的多畴排布,进而调节可见光的透射、吸收与散射以及红外光的透射与反射。
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