CN105559078A - 一种具有补血功效的组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种具有补血功效的组合物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种具有补血功效的组合物及其制备方法,含有阿胶多肽粉,红豆多肽粉,当归粉,枸杞粉和红糖,重量份如下:阿胶多肽粉40~60份,红豆多肽粉20~30份,当归粉15~30份,枸杞粉15~30份,红糖5~15份。在对血虚模型小鼠造血功能及小鼠脾脏组织中铁含量的影响试验中,阿胶多肽粉、红豆多肽粉、当归粉、枸杞粉、红糖组合物可以改善小鼠的造血功能并提高脾脏铁含量。对定时服用阿胶多肽粉、红豆多肽粉、当归粉、枸杞粉、红糖组合物营养性贫血患者血红蛋白含量变化情况考察实验结果表明服用本发明组合物对营养性贫血患者有较好的疗效,说明本发明组合物具有补血养血的功效。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及保健食品领域,特别涉及一种具有补血功效的组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
气血不足中医主要是指气虚和血虚,气血不足以面色苍白或萎黄,唇甲色淡,头晕眼花,失眠健忘,心悸怔忡等为主症,即贫血。贫血的成因有多种,如先天性、病理性、缺铁性和营养性等贫血,其中较常见的为缺铁性和营养性贫血。补血是以补血药物治疗血虚证的方法,补血能使脏腑组织得到血液的充分濡养,使脏腑组织的功能恢复正常。目前常用的补血药物如桃仁、当归、红花、川芎、熟地、桑葚、阿胶、枸杞子等,通过补充这些物质可达到改善效果。然而,目前市场中所售的补血药品配方单调不合理,功能单一,适应范围小,治疗效果一般,且药物具有一定的副作用,价格较昂贵。近几年食疗越来越受到人们的关注,食疗的最大特点是“有病治病,无病强身”,对人体没有任何副作用。《医学衷中参西录》中“食疗病人服之,不但疗病,并可充饥,不但充饥,更可适口,用之对症,病自痊愈,即不对症,易无他患”。因此,根据中医药食同源理论和食疗养生理论,开发一种适合人们需要的、疗效显著、食用方便的现代化工艺加工补血保健食品是一种客观需要。
阿胶多肽是以阿胶为原料经生物酶解处理后获得的多肽产品。阿胶为马科动物驴的皮经煎煮、浓缩、加入豆油、冰糖等辅料制成的固体胶,现代研究证明,阿胶中主含胶原蛋白、氨基酸等,占干重的80%;含多种微量元素,其中以Fe、Zn为最高,具有补血滋阴、润燥止血功效,常用于血虚萎黄、眩晕心悸、肺燥止咳、妊娠胎漏等症。阿胶多肽在保留阿胶有效成分的前提下,赋予了阿胶多肽的功效,如促进吸收、抗氧化、抗菌等。
红豆多肽是以红豆为原料经粉碎、蒸煮、酶解等处理后所得的多肽产品。红豆,又名红小豆、赤小豆等,菜豆属豆科,为一年生草本植物,色泽鲜红、淡红或深红。红豆营养价值较高,富含蛋白质,氨基酸种类齐全,具有补气养血、养血安神、下水肿、排痈肿脓血、疗寒热热中消渴、止泻痢、利小便、健脾胃等功效。红豆多肽既保留了红豆的功效成分,也具有多肽的功效,易于吸收、消化。
当归味甘、辛、性温,始载于《神农本草经》,素有“十方九归”之称。主治血虚诸症,月经不调,痛经闭经,崩漏,虚寒腹痛,肠燥便难,赤痢后重,跌扑损伤。药理研究证明当归具有提高免疫功能、抗癌、抗氧化、抗炎等功效。
红枣,又名大枣,富含维生素。红枣性温、味甘,能补中益气、养血生津,补肝益肾,养血养气,多用于治疗脾虚弱、食少便溏、气血亏虚等症,经常服用可治疗身体虚弱、脾胃不和、消化不良、劳伤咳嗽、贫血消瘦等。
枸杞子,为茄科植物枸杞的成熟果实,含有丰富的胡萝卜素、多种维生素和钙、铁等营养物质,研究表明枸杞子具有提高免疫力、抗衰老、抗疲劳、调节血脂、美容养颜等多种功效。枸杞味甘,性平。入肝、肾经。滋肾,润肺,补肝,明目。《本草纲目》记载“枸杞子甘平而润,性滋补......能补肾、润肺、生精、益气,此乃平补之药”。
红糖一般是指甘蔗经榨汁简易处理浓缩而得的蜜糖,红糖除具有糖的功能外,还含有维生素及微量元素。红糖性温、味甘、入脾,具有益气补血、健脾暖胃、缓中止痛、活血化瘀的作用。
CN103653165A采用红小豆、当归、黄芪、阿胶粉等制备补血保健饮料,CN101427722A提供了一种阿胶补血补钙酥糖的制作方法,CN101703221A采用阿胶、葡萄籽、枸杞、大枣、当归等制备一种调节内分泌补血养颜美容祛斑的食品补充剂。CN201410241938.2公开了一种补气养血保健粥及其制备方法,补气养血保健粥的主要成份由枸杞、陈皮、山楂、红枣、当归、红糖、阿胶、红豆、糯米、熟地、红皮花生和桂圆肉加水煎煮制成,具有补气、养血、益肾、健脾之功效,适用于气血不足,体质虚弱,产后贫血及过度劳累等症。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种补血养血且对人体无任何副作用的补血组合物的功能食品,可制成压片糖果、固体饮料和口服液等。
本发明的技术方案为:一种具有补血功效的组合物及其制备方法,其特征在于它是由下列重量份配比的原辅料所制成:
本组合物中阿胶多肽粉40~60份,红豆多肽粉20~30份,当归粉15~30份,枸杞粉15~30份,红糖5~15份。优选为阿胶多肽粉50份,红豆多肽粉25份,当归粉20份,枸杞粉20份,红糖10份。
阿胶多肽粉的制备方法为:
(1)粉碎溶解;(2)酶解;(3)过滤;(4)浓缩干燥,得阿胶多肽粉。
红豆多肽粉的制备方法为:
(1)红豆分离蛋白提取;(2)酶解;(3)离心;(4)浓缩干燥,即得。
当归粉的制备方法为:
除杂;清洗;润透;切片;低温干燥;文火炒至黄色至土黄色;超微粉碎过200目筛。
枸杞粉的制备方法为:
清洗;常压熬煮;过滤;干燥即得。
上述组合物还含有少量红糖,将红糖低温烘干至水分7%以内,粉碎过80目筛。
上述补血组合物可制成压片糖果、固体饮料和口服液等。
压片糖果制备方法为:
补血组合物35%~60%,乳糖10%~15%,麦芽糊精20%~35%,投入槽型混合机内混合30分钟,加入75%乙醇作为湿润剂,混合20分钟后,物料制粒、干燥、加入硬脂酸镁2‰,整粒,采用压片机压片即得。
固体饮料制备方法为:
补血组合物95%~98%,白砂糖0~5%,柠檬酸1‰~3‰,香精1‰~3‰,也可不加香精,将原料送入混料机里,充分混合50分钟后灭菌,采用包装机定量分装成袋即得。
口服液制备方法为:
补血组合物30%,柠檬酸1.5‰,苹果酸1.5‰,香精1‰,80~100倍的纯化水调配装瓶封盖杀菌后冷却得口服液。
本发明在现有技术CN201410241938.2的基础上去掉了陈皮、山楂、熟地三味药材,并且将原先的加水煎煮改为当归微粉投料,阿胶和红豆采用多肽直接投料。在相同用量条件下,新的组合物与原组合物相比具有显著的疗效优势。与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下优点和有益效果:
(1)在对血虚模型小鼠造血功能及小鼠脾脏组织中铁含量的影响试验中,阿胶多肽粉、红豆多肽粉、当归粉、枸杞粉、红糖组合物可以改善小鼠的造血功能并提高脾脏铁含量。
(2)对定时服用阿胶多肽粉、红豆多肽粉、当归粉、枸杞粉、红糖组合物营养性贫血患者血红蛋白含量变化情况考察实验结果表明:服用本发明组合物对营养性贫血患者有较好的疗效,说明本发明组合物具有补血养血的功效。
(3)本发明组合物的原料易于取材,配方合理、效果明显、价格适中、使用方便,具有广阔的市场应用前景。
(4)本发明以压片糖果、固体饮料、口服液的形式进食,具有很强的保健功能和口感好、易于接受、服用方便,便于携带、保存,味道清新、色泽均匀,易于为消费者特别是血虚患者接受,可经常服用。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体的实施例对本发明做进一步的详细说明。
实施例1阿胶多肽粉的制备
将阿胶(山东福牌阿胶)采用粉碎机粉碎,将粉碎后的阿胶投入至酶解罐内,以料液比1∶15补加纯水,温度升至50℃-55℃,打开搅拌直至阿胶全部溶解并恒温至55℃,调节料液pH值至8.0-8.5,搅拌均匀后加入加入相当于阿胶重量2.0‰的胰酶(中国诺维信生物科技有限公司)及相当于阿胶重量2.0‰的胃蛋白酶(中国诺维信生物科技有限公司),在温度为55℃,pH值8.0-8.5的条件下酶解2h,然后在100℃高温下灭酶30min,过滤收集酶解液。使用双效浓缩器将收集的酶解液浓缩至浓缩液相对密度为1.10g/ml,采用进风温度为160℃,排风温度为75℃的喷雾干燥条件进行喷雾干燥,所得干粉含水率<3.5%,将所得干粉进行磨粉过80目筛放入指定容器内贮存。
按以上工艺制得的阿胶多肽粉,经取样、分析测试后,多肽分子量控制在500-3000道尔顿达85%以上,且所得产品呈黄色、气味清新、无油腻、苦涩感。
实施例2红豆多肽粉的制备
取一定量的红豆豆渣,红豆豆渣(蛋白含量26.33%)与水的质量比为1∶3混合均匀,用1mol/LNaOH调节料液pH值为9,50℃下水浴匀速搅拌40min,以4000r/min离心处理15min后取上清液,向下层沉淀加入与上清液体积相同的蒸馏水清洗继续以4000r/min离心处理15min后取上清液,重复上述操作,将三次上清液合并,用1mol/LHCl调节pH值为4.5,静置处理40min,以4000r/min离心处理15min,去除上清液并用水清洗沉淀物,调节pH值为6.5,冷冻干燥得红豆分离蛋白(蛋白得率66.10%)。
取红豆分离蛋白,加水溶解至浓度为5%,将溶液升温至55℃,调节溶液pH值为6.5,分别加入相当于红豆分离蛋白重量1.0‰的Protamex酶及红豆分离蛋白重量4.0‰的Flavourzyme500L酶,恒温搅拌处理3.5h,然后在85℃下灭酶30min,待温度降至室温,采用离心分离机以10000r/min离心处理50min。使用双效浓缩器将收集的离心酶解上清液浓缩至浓缩液相对密度为1.10g/ml,采用进风温度为170℃,排风温度为75℃的喷雾干燥条件进行喷雾干燥,所得干粉含水率<3.5%,将所得干粉进行过120目筛放入指定容器内贮存。
按以上工艺制得的红豆多肽粉,经取样、分析测试后,多肽含量为78.56%,且所得产品气味清新,无苦涩感及豆腥味,易于溶解。
实施例3当归粉的制备
拣捡去当归表面杂质,用自来水将当归清洗干净后放入至蒸煮锅内,放入纯水浸泡15h-18h,将当归润透。取出当归切成0.5cm的切片并低温干燥,当归切片水分控制在12.5%左右,放入炒锅内文火炒至当归呈黄色至土黄色,采用20目筛网过筛除去少量焦状物,超微粉碎后过200目筛得当归粉。
实施例4枸杞粉的制备
将枸杞清洗干净至蒸煮锅内,以料液比1∶10加入纯水,保持沸腾熬煮1h,补加纯水至之前水量,继续保持沸腾熬煮1h,再次补加纯水至原始刻度,保持沸腾熬煮1h,停止加热,待温度降至40℃-50℃,采用120目滤袋过滤,将滤液浓缩至浓缩密度为1.05-1.10g/ml,微波干燥粉碎过80目筛得枸杞粉。所得枸杞粉呈淡黄色粉末、气味清新。
实施例5以阿胶多肽粉、红豆多肽粉、当归粉、枸杞粉、红糖为主要原料的补血组合物的制备
分别称取一定重量份的阿胶多肽粉、红豆多肽粉、当归粉、枸杞粉、红糖,按照阿胶多肽粉、红豆多肽粉、当归粉、枸杞粉、红糖40~60∶20~30∶15~30∶15~30∶5~15重量份混合即得。
以下通过对血虚模型大鼠服用阿胶多肽粉、红豆多肽粉、当归粉、枸杞粉、红糖组合物证明本发明的有益效果:
试验例1
选用ICR小鼠40只,雌雄各半,体重18g±2g,常规饲养,自由饮水,固体混合标准饲料喂养,室温为20℃~25℃,适应15天后用于试验,饲低铁基础饲料,连续3周,制作血虚动物模型,静脉取血测定血红蛋白含量,当血红蛋白含量低于100g/L时,将血虚模型大鼠随机分为缺铁组、阳性对照组、组合物1组、组合物2组、组合物3组,共5组,每组10只,连续服用3周,缺铁对照组服用低铁基础饲料,灌胃3ml去离子水。
阳性对照组采用阿胶65份(相当于阿胶多肽粉45份)、红豆粉40份(相当于红豆多肽粉25份)、当归粉25份、枸杞25份及红糖5份,其用量经换算后与组合物1的用量比例一致。制备工艺参照现有技术CN201410241938.2将阿胶、当归、红豆、枸杞加水煎煮浓缩后加红糖制备成颗粒。
组合物1组(阿胶多肽粉、红豆多肽粉、当归粉、枸杞粉、红糖45∶25∶25∶25∶5重量份混合)、组合物2组(阿胶多肽粉、红豆多肽粉、当归粉、枸杞粉、红糖50∶25∶20∶20∶10重量份混合)、组合物3组(阿胶多肽粉、红豆多肽粉、当归粉、枸杞粉、红糖60∶20∶20∶20∶5重量份混合)服用低铁基础饲料后,分别每日灌胃本组合物3g/kg,实验结束时,麻醉小鼠并经腹主动脉取血,摘取脾脏,-20℃冰箱保存备用,分别考察组合物对血虚模型小鼠造血功能及小鼠脾脏组织中铁含量的影响,实验结果分别见表1、表2。
表1各组小鼠血红细胞、血红蛋白、红细胞压积的比较(x±s)
表1数据显示,组合物各组小鼠血红细胞RBC、血红蛋白HGB、红细胞HCT较实验前均有明显增加,表明该组合物能够改善小鼠的造血功能。
表2各组小鼠脾脏指数及铁含量的影响
组别 | 剂量/g/kg/d | 总铁含量/mg |
缺铁对照组 | —— | 0.08±0.02 |
阳性对照组 | 3 | 0.18±0.05 |
组合物1 | 3 | 0.25±0.04 |
组合物2 | 3 | 0.22±0.05 |
组合物3 | 3 | 0.26±0.01 |
如表2所示,组合物中各组小鼠脾脏铁含量较缺铁对照组铁含量显著提高,说明该组合物可提高脾脏铁含量,间接改善造血功能。
同时通过表1、表2数据可知本发明组合物较阳性对照组效果更优。
实施例6
一种具有补血功效组合物压片糖果的制备方法
阿胶多肽粉、红豆多肽粉、当归粉、枸杞粉及红糖补血组合物(重量配比为阿胶多肽粉50份、红豆多肽粉20份、当归粉20份、枸杞粉20份、红糖15)55%,乳糖10%,麦芽糊精35%,投入槽型混合机内混合30分钟,加入75%7醇作为湿润剂,混合20分钟后,物料制粒、干燥、加入硬脂酸镁2‰,整粒,采用压片机压片即得。
实施例7
一种具有补血功效组合物压片糖果的制备方法
阿胶多肽粉、红豆多肽粉、当归粉、枸杞粉及红糖补血组合物(重量配比为阿胶多肽粉55份、红豆多肽粉25份、当归粉15份、枸杞粉15份、红糖15)60%,乳糖8%,麦芽糊精32%,投入槽型混合机内混合30分钟,加入75%乙醇作为湿润剂,混合20分钟后,物料制粒、干燥、加入硬脂酸镁2‰,整粒,采用压片机压片即得。
实施例8
一种具有补血功效组合物固体饮料的制备方法
阿胶多肽粉、红豆多肽粉、当归粉、枸杞粉及红糖补血组合物(重量配比为阿胶多肽粉55份、红豆多肽粉25份、当归粉15份、枸杞粉15份、红糖15)95%,蔗糖4.5%(将蔗糖磨粉过80目筛),柠檬酸3‰,香精2‰,将原料送入混料机里,充分混合50分钟后灭菌,采用包装机定量分装成袋即得。
实施例9
一种具有补血功效组合物固体饮料的制备方法
阿胶多肽粉、红豆多肽粉、当归粉、枸杞粉及红糖补血组合物(重量配比为阿胶多肽粉45份、红豆多肽粉30份、当归粉20份、枸杞粉20份、红糖10)96%,蔗糖3.5%(将蔗糖磨粉过80目筛),柠檬酸2.5‰,香精2.5‰,将原料送入混料机里,充分混合50分钟后灭菌,采用包装机定量分装成袋即得。
实施例10
一种具有补血功效组合物口服液的制备方法
阿胶多肽粉、红豆多肽粉、当归粉、枸杞粉及红糖补血组合物(重量配比为阿胶多肽粉45份、红豆多肽粉30份、当归粉20份、枸杞粉20份、红糖10)30%,柠檬酸1.5‰,苹果酸1.5‰,香精1‰,85倍的纯化水调配装瓶封盖杀菌后冷却得口服液。
实施例11
一种具有补血功效组合物口服液的制备方法
阿胶多肽粉、红豆多肽粉、当归粉、枸杞粉及红糖补血组合物(重量配比为阿胶多肽粉60份、红豆多肽粉25份、当归粉15份、枸杞粉15份、红糖10)30%,柠檬酸1.5‰,苹果酸1.5‰,香精1‰,100倍的纯化水调配装瓶封盖杀菌后冷却得口服液。
实施例12
下面通过病例对本发明提供的补血组合物疗效进行说明:
所纳入观察对象为110名(轻度、中度、重度、极重度四组)程度不同的营养性贫血患者服用本发明实施例8、10,以每日总计8g-10g组合物剂量,每日早晚餐前服用,实验结果如下表。
从表中数据可以看出,服用本品对营养性贫血患者均有较好的效果,服用本品半个月至4个月后,重度、中度、轻度贫血患者血项指标都达到正常,其中极重度贫血患者血项指标得到了大大的改善。实验过程中实验组未出现不良反应使用安全。
Claims (9)
1.一种具有补血功效的组合物,其特征在于,含有阿胶多肽粉,红豆多肽粉,当归粉,枸杞粉和红糖。
2.根据权利要求1所述的具有补血功效的组合物,其特征在于,阿胶多肽粉40~60份,红豆多肽粉20~30份,当归粉15~30份,枸杞粉15~30份,红糖5~15份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的具有补血功效的组合物,其特征在于,阿胶多肽粉50份,红豆多肽粉25份,当归粉20份,枸杞粉20份,红糖10份。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一所述的具有补血功效的组合物,其特征在于,所述的阿胶多肽粉的制备方法为:(1)粉碎溶解;(2)酶解;(3)过滤;(4)浓缩干燥,得阿胶多肽粉,其中阿胶多肽分子量控制在500-3000道尔顿达85%以上,所得产品呈黄色、气味清新、无油腻、苦涩感。
5.根据权利要求1-3任一所述的具有补血功效的组合物,其特征在于,所述的红豆多肽粉的制备方法为:(1)红豆分离蛋白提取;(2)酶解;(3)离心;(4)浓缩干燥,即得,其中多肽含量为75%以上。
6.根据权利要求1-3任一所述的具有补血功效的组合物,其特征在于,所述的当归粉的制备方法为:除杂;清洗;润透;切片;低温干燥;文火炒至黄色至土黄色;超微粉碎即得。
7.根据权利要求1-3任一所述的具有补血功效的组合物,其特征在于,枸杞粉的制备方法为:清洗;常压熬煮;过滤;干燥即得。
8.根据权利要求1-7任一所述的具有补血功效的组合物,其特征在于,所述的组合物可制成压片糖果、固体饮料或口服液。
9.根据权利要求1-8任一所述的具有补血功效的组合物在制备补血养血食品中的应用。
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