CN105509725B - A kind of miniaturization magnetic resonance gyroscope instrument - Google Patents
A kind of miniaturization magnetic resonance gyroscope instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN105509725B CN105509725B CN201510845609.3A CN201510845609A CN105509725B CN 105509725 B CN105509725 B CN 105509725B CN 201510845609 A CN201510845609 A CN 201510845609A CN 105509725 B CN105509725 B CN 105509725B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C19/00—Gyroscopes; Turn-sensitive devices using vibrating masses; Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses; Measuring angular rate using gyroscopic effects
- G01C19/58—Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses
- G01C19/60—Electronic or nuclear magnetic resonance gyrometers
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the gyroscope equipments of field of inertia measurement, are related to a kind of nuclear magnetic resonance atomic gyroscope of miniaturization.The miniaturization nuclear magnetic resonance atomic gyroscope includes the vacuum room of the mixed gas filled with alkali metal and inert gas, and vacuum room's top interior is coated with reflectance coating；Laser of the release for the light beam of pumping and detection is placed in vacuum room bottom；On laser both sides, symmetrically placed two detectors are for detecting tach signal；Helmholtz coil for generating swaying magnetic field is arranged in vacuum room two sides；Solenoid for static magnetic field needed for generating atomic nucleus Larmor precession carries out magnetic screen using shielding construction outside vacuum room, the optical system of laser, Helmholtz coil composition, solenoid.The present invention is effectively reduced while reducing gyro volume since light intensity shakes the influence caused by Gyro Precision, promotion Gyro Precision.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the gyroscope equipments of field of inertia measurement, are related to a kind of nuclear magnetic resonance atom laser gyroscope of miniaturization
Instrument.
Background technique
Magnetic resonance gyroscope concept originates from the 1960s, its principle causes atomic nucleus to draw when being using carrier rotation
More's precession frequency changes to measure carrier rotation speed.
Atomic nucleus has magnetic moment, places it in magnetostatic field B0In, nuclear moments can carry out Larmor precession around magnetic field:
ω0=γ B0 (1)
When carrier is rotated around magnetostatic field, measurement obtains angular Larmor frequency and changes in the carrier, passes through measurement and carries
Larmor frequency ω in bodyobsIt can determine carrier angular speed.
Ω=γ B0-ωobs (2)
Traditional magnetic resonance gyroscope is using individual pumping radiant and detects radiant, detector and detection light light
Source is coaxial, and the speed of gyro carrier is determined by the change of detection light intensity.Gas chamber is blown with traditional handicraft.What the structure used
Discrete device excessively causes gyro volume excessive, is unfavorable for engineering application, just because of the disadvantage, so that last century nuclear-magnetism is total
Vibration gyro is eliminated in the competition with optical gyroscope.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is: overcome existing magnetic resonance gyroscope model machine bulky, is not easy the defect of engineering application,
It is proposed a kind of nuclear magnetic resonance atomic gyroscope small in size, with high accuracy.
The technical scheme is that a kind of miniaturization nuclear magnetic resonance atomic gyroscope comprising filled with alkali metal and
The vacuum room of the mixed gas of inert gas, vacuum room's top interior are coated with reflectance coating；Release is for pumping and detection
The laser of light beam is placed in vacuum room bottom；On laser both sides, symmetrically placed two detectors are for detecting tach signal；
Helmholtz coil for generating swaying magnetic field is arranged in vacuum room two sides；For generating atomic nucleus Larmor precession
The solenoid of required static magnetic field is outside vacuum room, the optical system of laser, Helmholtz coil composition, solenoid
Magnetic screen is carried out using shielding construction.
The laser is vertical plane cavity laser.
The vacuum room is bonded using seven discrete devitrified glass buildings using low-temperature bonding technology, and top is
Two have symmetrical interior wedge surface and are coated with the devitrified glass module of high-reflecting film, and middle part is that the face of two inside cavities is coated with buffer film
Rectangular shaped post devitrified glass module, bottom is that two sides are coated with the microcrystalline glass of anti-reflection film, and there are two chambers for the setting of its side
The face in internal portion is coated with the rectangular shaped post microcrystalline glass of buffer film.
When carrying out optical detection, two-way detection light enters vacuum room in opposite direction, and respectively by two-way detector
Then detection carries out differential signal processing, obtains tach signal.
Magnet shielding structure, which uses, to be open not on one wire, and the four layers of shielding case mutually staggered.
Solenoid length two orders of magnitude bigger than air chamber length.
Helmholtz coil radius spacing is more order of magnitude greater than air chamber length.
The invention has the advantages that the present invention realizes pumping light simultaneously using divergent light source and detects the function of light, in light
Detector is placed in the symmetrical two sides in source, which is reduced by the way of double detector measurement while reducing gyro volume
Being shaken as light intensity is influenced caused by Gyro Precision, and Gyro Precision is promoted.In addition, since vacuum room utilizes low-temperature bonding skill
Art is made, and is convenient for plenum interior plated film, guarantees angle and angular velocity measurement precision, is highly suitable for inertial navigation, magnetic-field measurement
Etc. field of high-precision measurement.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of present invention miniaturization magnetic resonance gyroscope instrument；
Fig. 2 is the main view of vacuum room of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the left view of vacuum room of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the right view of vacuum room of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is present invention miniaturization magnetic resonance gyroscope instrument pumping light system schematic；
Fig. 6 is present invention miniaturization magnetic resonance gyroscope instrument detection system schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 present invention minimizes magnetic resonance gyroscope instrument detecting strategy schematic illustration,
Wherein, 1- vertical plane cavity laser, 2- photodiode, 3- vacuum room, 4- Helmholtz coil, 5- helical
Circle, 6- magnetic shielding cover.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing and the present invention will be further described:
Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention, which minimizes magnetic resonance gyroscope instrument, is related to a kind of design of magnetic resonance gyroscope, it includes
The vacuum room of mixed gas filled with alkali metal and inert gas, vacuum room's top interior are coated with reflectance coating.Release institute
The vertical plane cavity laser of light requirement beam is placed in gas chamber bottom.On laser both sides, symmetrically placed two detectors are for detecting revolving speed
Signal.Helmholtz coil is arranged in vacuum room two sides, for generating swaying magnetic field.Solenoid around vacuum room,
The optical system of laser, Helmholtz coil composition, for static magnetic field needed for generating atomic nucleus Larmor precession, and spiral shell
Coil outer carries out magnetic screen with four layers of shielding construction, while the effect to guarantee magnetic screen, the opening of four layers of shielding case do not exist
On one line, and mutually stagger.
The seven discrete devitrified glass buildings of vacuum room involved by the present invention as shown in Figure 2 are bonded using low-temperature bonding technology
It forms, 21,22 wedge surfaces of building are coated with high-reflecting film and enter detector to reflect pumping light beams；Rectangular shaped post 23,24,25,26 one-tenth
Dielectric relaxor time of the buffer film increase alkali metal in gas chamber is coated with for the face of inside cavity.27 two sides of microcrystalline glass are coated with
Anti-reflection film reduces absorption of the cavity to pumping light and projection light itself.The scheme that discrete glass building is bonded to vacuum room is convenient for
Any film is coated in plenum interior with the relaxation time of Optimization Work medium；Ridge design in top can produce lateral detection light
Component thus realizes pumping light simultaneously using single light source and detects the effect of light.
Before vacuum room completes closure, vapour of an alkali metal is filled with wherein using special process, inert gas, and
Gas (N is quenched2).The effect of vapour of an alkali metal has two: 1) realizing for the polarized state of pumping light to be transferred to inert gas
It polarizes, 2) polarized alkali metal can will measure after macroscopic moment amplification that precession inert gas generates.In addition, lazy
Property gas due to its gyromagnet it is smaller, be magnetic resonance gyroscope develop in ideal working gas.Gas is quenched for absorbing alkali
The photon that metal spontaneous radiation generates, reduces a possibility that photon is absorbed again by alkali metal, promotes the polarizability of alkali metal.
The vertical plane cavity laser 31 and respective optical device composition of light-source system involved by the present invention as shown in Figure 3.Vertically
Face cavity laser is a kind of semiconductor laser, and laser is projected perpendicular to top surface, compared with conventional laser: 1) possessing larger
The angle of divergence, the detection light component generated when for making magnetic resonance gyroscope are bigger；2) can chip type production, in very little
The function that laser is realized in volume, is conducive to the engineering of magnetic resonance gyroscope.In practical application, first with collimator 32
Light beam is collimated, collimated light becomes line polarisation by the polarizer 33, and line is inclined after 1/2 wave plate 34 is placed after the polarizer
Light becomes circularly polarized light.Vacuum room is irradiated using circularly polarized light, angular momentum is transferred to alkali metal by optical pumping effect and steams
Vapour realizes the polarization of working gas inert gas using spin exohange collision mechanism.Light beam is reflected in arrival gas chamber crestal culmination
To at detector.The light beam for being reflected back detector includes relative to magnetostatic field B0Cross stream component, can be used as detection light carry out
The measurement of Larmor precession frequency.
Detection system involved by the present invention is made of point column a detector and its corresponding circuits symmetrically placed with light source two sides.It visits
It surveys the light intensity that device receives to be made of two parts, a part is identical as pumping light direction, is the interference light detected in optical path；One
It is point vertical with pumping light, to detect light, the revolving speed of part light intensity variation correspondence gyro carrier.In order to be extracted under strong sheet
Weak signal, it is necessary to it be demodulated with signal source close with inert gas Larmor precession frequency, extract gyroscope speed.
Double detector detection method data processing method of the present invention such as Fig. 4) it is described, two-way detects light along opposite side
To gas chamber is entered, detection light beam is detected by two-way detector, wherein 1 tunnel light intensity I1(t)=I0+ I (Ω), in addition light intensity I all the way2
(t)=I0- I (Ω) does such as processing 3) two-way detection result:
The program can reduce light source intensity shake and cause measurement result noise, and Gyro Precision can be promoted effectively.
Magnetostatic field described in patent is formed by solenoid coiling, and solenoid is to generate uniaxial static magnetic field ideal device, theoretical
On say magnetic field in center axis thereof are as follows:
To guarantee that magnetostatic field is uniformly distributed within the scope of gas chamber, solenoid length should two quantity bigger than air chamber length
Grade.
The oscillating magnetic field is generated by positive Helmholtz coil, and frequency of oscillation should be ωa=γ B0, when guarantee last of the twelve Earthly Branches nurse
When hereby coil radius spacing is more order of magnitude greater than air chamber length suddenly, uniformity of magnetic field is more than 10-5。
The magnetic shielding cover is combined by four sets of separation shielding cases, and isolated magnetic shielding cover shielding properties will be significantly better than
Single shielding case:
Theoretical calculation is greater than 50000 material, the shielding case of four layers of shielding construction, screening factor using relative permeability
10 can be reached6.Single-layer shield cover will reach the shielding properties of such magnitude, and volume will increase two orders of magnitude, be unfavorable for entire
The miniaturization of gyro volume.
The present invention have compared with the existing technology it is following the utility model has the advantages that
1) present invention is bonded to vacuum work gas chamber using low-temperature bonding technology, be easy to be coated with gas chamber inner wall buffer film with
And high-reflecting film, realize the production of high quality vacuum gas chamber.
2) present invention uses ridge structure gas chamber, and gas chamber crestal culmination is coated with reflectance coating, which is reflected into pumping light
Detector realizes pumping light simultaneously using single light source and detects the function of light, conducive to the integrated of system.
3) present invention uses chip-scale vertical plane cavity laser, reduces light source volume, gyro volume is substantially reduced.
4) present invention generates oscillating magnetic field using small-sized Helmholtz coil, which can realize even in very small volume
High-intensity magnetic field；
5) present invention uses 4 layers of structure fabrication shielding case of separate type, and screening factor can be more than six orders of magnitude, is effectively promoted
The stability and reliability of magnetic resonance gyroscope instrument.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of miniaturization nuclear magnetic resonance atomic gyroscope, which is characterized in that including mixed filled with alkali metal and inert gas
The vacuum room of gas is closed, vacuum room's top interior is coated with reflectance coating；Laser of the release for the light beam of pumping and detection
It is placed in vacuum room bottom；On laser both sides, symmetrically placed two detectors are for detecting tach signal；For generating transverse direction
The Helmholtz coil of oscillating magnetic field is arranged in vacuum room two sides；For static magnetic field needed for generating atomic nucleus Larmor precession
Solenoid around vacuum room, the optical system of laser, Helmholtz coil composition, shielding construction is used outside solenoid
Magnetic screen is carried out, when carrying out optical detection, two-way detection light enters vacuum room in opposite direction, and is detected respectively by two-way
Device detection, then carries out differential signal processing, obtains tach signal.
2. miniaturization nuclear magnetic resonance atomic gyroscope according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the laser is vertical
Face cavity laser.
3. miniaturization nuclear magnetic resonance atomic gyroscope according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the vacuum room uses
Seven discrete devitrified glasses are bonded using low-temperature bonding technology, and top has wedge surface in symmetrical for two and is coated with high anti-
The devitrified glass module of film, middle part is two rectangular shaped post devitrified glass modules for being coated with buffer film on one side, when being bonded,
This be coated with buffer film facing towards plenum interior, bottom is the microcrystalline glass that two sides are coated with anti-reflection film, and its side is provided with
The face of two inside cavities is coated with the rectangular shaped post microcrystalline glass of buffer film.
4. miniaturization nuclear magnetic resonance atomic gyroscope according to claim 1, which is characterized in that magnet shielding structure is used and opened
Mouth not on one wire, and four layers of shielding case mutually staggered.
5. miniaturization nuclear magnetic resonance atomic gyroscope according to claim 1, which is characterized in that solenoid length compares gas chamber
Big two orders of magnitude of length.
6. miniaturization nuclear magnetic resonance atomic gyroscope according to claim 1, which is characterized in that Helmholtz coil radius
Spacing is more order of magnitude greater than air chamber length.
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| CN201510845609.3A CN105509725B (en) | 2016-03-08 | 2016-03-08 | A kind of miniaturization magnetic resonance gyroscope instrument |
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| CN201510845609.3A CN105509725B (en) | 2016-03-08 | 2016-03-08 | A kind of miniaturization magnetic resonance gyroscope instrument |
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| CN105509725A CN105509725A (en) | 2016-04-20 |
| CN105509725B true CN105509725B (en) | 2019-05-21 |
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| CN105973217A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-09-28 | 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 | Miniature nuclear magnetic resonance gyro air chamber |
| CN106024260B (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2018-02-09 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | A kind of two coil configuration for the control of magnetic resonance gyroscope high accuracy magnetic field |
| CN108152859B (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2020-10-23 | 北京自动化控制设备研究所 | Based on3He nuclear spin precession high-precision magnetic field measuring device and method |
| CN106989759B (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2020-01-03 | 北京航空航天大学 | Experiment platform structure of nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope |
| CN108562861B (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2020-10-16 | 上海通用卫星导航有限公司 | Symmetrical cesium optical pump magnetometer for magnetic gradient measurement |
| CN108548531B (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2023-10-03 | 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 | Microminiature integrated atomic air chamber for nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope |
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| CN114001725B (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-12-02 | 北京量子信息科学研究院 | Pumping laser and magnetic field azimuth alignment device and method |
| CN114061558B (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2022-11-22 | 北京量子信息科学研究院 | Nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope |
| CN116027234A (en) * | 2023-01-11 | 2023-04-28 | 重庆理工大学 | Quantum measurement method and device |
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