CN105506618A - Method for improving performance of 42CrMo steel in laser cladding - Google Patents
Method for improving performance of 42CrMo steel in laser cladding Download PDFInfo
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- CN105506618A CN105506618A CN201511014273.2A CN201511014273A CN105506618A CN 105506618 A CN105506618 A CN 105506618A CN 201511014273 A CN201511014273 A CN 201511014273A CN 105506618 A CN105506618 A CN 105506618A
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- laser melting
- melting coating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/058—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium without Mo and W
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving the performance of 42CrMo steel in laser cladding. The method comprises the following steps: using high-entropy alloy powder and ethyl alcohol to be mixed, uniformly coating the surface of a base body material with the mixture, and then drying through laser cladding so as to obtain a cladding layer. The hardness and abrasion performance of the materials are improved, the high-entropy alloy powder consists of iron, nickel, chromium, aluminum, silicon and manganese element powder, Fe, Ni, Cr, Al and Si are in equal molar ratio, and the molar ratio X of the Mn is 0-1.
Description
The present patent application is the divisional application of parent application " laser melting coating high-entropy alloy powder and cladding layer preparation method and purposes ", and the parent application applying date is on October 10th, 2013, and parent application application number is 2013104711065.
Technical field
The present invention relates to many pivots laser cladding of material and cladding layer preparation field, more particularly, be specifically related to a kind of laser melting coating high-entropy alloy powder and cladding layer preparation method and purposes.
Background technology
Laser melting coating is a kind of process for modifying surface fast-developing in recent years, it is by adding cladding material at substrate surface, and utilize the laser beam of high-energy-density to make it the method for consolidation together with substrate surface thin layer, thus form the cladding layer of metallurgical binding at substrate surface.The alloy system that traditional laser cladding powder is is matrix with single pivot, as Ni-based, iron-based, cobalt-based self-fluxing alloyed powder, and many pivots high-entropy alloy is a kind of novel alloy that last century, the nineties was proposed by China Taiwan's scholars Ye Junwei professor, the proposition of this kind of alloy designs theory, having broken conventional alloys single element is main design philosophy, opens a new alloy designs field.
Regular according to Gibbs phase, when alloy is made up of multiple principal element, F=C-P+1, F are degree of freedom, and C is constituent element number, and P is the number of phases.At constant pressure, maximum in C component system balance number of phases P=C+1.Therefore, high-entropy alloy tends to form simple sosoloid, instead of forms intermetallic compound, makes the numerical value that the sum of phase in alloy allows well below Gibbs phase rule.High entropy effect is the reason causing this phenomenon.Because high entropy effect inhibits the appearance of brittle intermetallic thing, not only numerous metallic compound can not be formed after high-entropy alloy solidifies, form simple body-centered cubic or face-centered cubic phase even amorphousness on the contrary, the number of phases that the gained number of phases is predicted well below balance one after another.Therefore, designed by suitable alloy formula, the excellent specific properties such as high rigidity, high work hardening, high temperature resistant softening, high temperature oxidation resisting, corrosion-resistant, high resistivity can be obtained, can be applicable to high temperature material, chemical industry, naval vessel corrosion resistant material, the heat-stable material of aircraft turbine blades, High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus, has great application prospect.
But due between metallic element different types of in high-entropy alloy powder and and body material between the heat physical properties such as density, fusing point, specific heat and the coefficient of expansion there is larger difference, be difficult to when being directly used in laser melting coating to obtain surface continuously, be shaped cladding layer that is good, uniform composition.Therefore, preparation is suitable for the high-entropy alloy powder of laser melting coating is seem particularly necessary.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of high-entropy alloy powder material and cladding layer preparation method, obtain the good cladding layer that is shaped, improve material hardness and wear resistance.
Technical purpose of the present invention is achieved by following technical proposals:
Laser melting coating high-entropy alloy powder, be made up of Fe, Ni, Cr, Al, Si and Mn element powders, namely powdered alloy composition is expressed as FeNiCrAlSiMnx, x is the mol ratio of Mn and its span is 0 ~ 1, and specifically, described is equimolar ratio between Fe, Ni, Cr, Al, Si, the consumption of adjustment metal M n, to make it use the mol ratio of molar weight and Si (or all the other four kinds of elements) for 0 ~ 1, preferably 0.3-1, be more preferably 0.5-0.7.
When being prepared, first proportioning calculating is carried out according to the mol ratio of respective element, carried out fully mixing after the quality of each component of precise with evenly, such as, adopt electronic scale to take the powder of various element, grind in mortar and make half an hour it mix.Wherein select each component to be powder that purity is more than or equal to 99%, particle diameter is 100-500 orders, preferably 200-300 orders.
Utilize powdered alloy of the present invention to be applied in laser melting coating welding, after laser melting coating high-entropy alloy powder and ethanol mixing, be evenly coated in substrate material surface, after drying, can cladding layer be obtained by laser melting coating.
The dehydrated alcohol that wherein said ethanol Analysis about Selection is pure, in laser melting coating high-entropy alloy powder and alcohol mixture, is made up of the powdered alloy of 92 ~ 95% and the ethanol of 5 ~ 8% according to mass percent.
Upon mixing, form pasty state or paste, so that continue coating at substrate material surface, after coating, form preformed layer at substrate material surface, described preformed layer thickness is 1-2mm.
When carrying out laser melting coating, select body material to be 42CrMo steel, processing parameter is: laser power is 1550 ~ 1650KW, spot diameter is 0.8 ~ 1.0mm, and sweep velocity is 150 ~ 200mm/min, and defocusing amount is 0mm, shielding gas adopts argon gas or helium, and gas flow is 20 ~ 25L/min; Preferred laser power is 1580 ~ 1620KW, and spot diameter is 0.8 ~ 1.0mm, and sweep velocity is 180 ~ 200mm/min, and defocusing amount is 0mm, and shielding gas adopts argon gas, and gas flow is 22 ~ 25L/min.
Compared with prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) in powdered alloy of the present invention, the maximum performance of each element is given full play to outside removing fundamental element iron, Ni is mainly used in improving material wets and improving cladding layer capability, Cr is mainly through solution strengthening raising cladding layer hardness and for improving cladding layer solidity to corrosion, Al mainly improves the high temperature oxidation resistance of cladding layer, and improves cladding layer hardness by solution strengthening effect and increase Grain Boundary Sliding resistance.In addition, due to the aluminium surface oxide film that very easily oxidation formation is fine and close, add the solidity to corrosion that Al can also improve cladding layer in the alloy, Si and Mn is mainly used in deoxidation.
(2) the invention provides a kind of high-entropy alloy powder and cladding layer preparation method, the method technique is simple, and be easy to implement, moderate cost, has using value.
(3) the present invention prepared be shaped good, hardness is higher, wear resistance good cladding layer.In addition, compared with additive method, coating and the base material bonding strength of laser melting coating acquisition are higher.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is FeNiCrAlSi cladding layer macro morphology.
Fig. 2 is FeNiCrAlSiMn cladding layer macro morphology.
Fig. 3 is FeNiCrAlSi cladding layer overall picture.
Fig. 4 is FeNiCrAlSiMn cladding layer overall picture.
Fig. 5 is the metallographic structure of FeNiCrAlSi cladding layer.
Fig. 6 is the metallographic structure of FeNiCrAlSiMn cladding layer.
Embodiment
Technical scheme of the present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with specific embodiment.Each metallic element source is as shown in the table:
| Nomenclature of drug | Molecular formula | Purity | Specification | Manufacturer |
| Iron powder | Fe | ≥99％ | Analytical pure | Tianjin chemical reagent one factory |
| Chromium powder | Cr | ≥99％ | Analytical pure | Tianjin recovery fine chemistry industry institute |
| Nickel powder | Ni | ≥99.5％ | Analytical pure | Tianmen, Hubei chemical reagent two factory |
| Aluminium powder | Al | ≥99％ | Analytical pure | Tianjin Feng Chuan chemical reagent company limited |
| Silica flour | Si | ≥99％ | Analytical pure | Tianjin recovery fine chemistry industry institute |
| Manganese powder | Mn | ≥99.8％ | Analytical pure | Tianjin recovery fine chemistry industry institute |
42CrMo steel selected by body material, and adopt mechanical grinding to remove oxide compound, adopt acetone wipe oil, its chemical composition is as shown in following table (massfraction %)
| C | Mn | Si | Cr | Mo | Ni | Cu |
| 0.38～0.45 | 0.50～0.80 | 0.17～0.37 | 0.90～1.20 | 0.15～0.25 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.030 |
Implement by the following method:
1. carry out FeNiCrAlSiMnx (wherein x is mol ratio, and its span is 0 ~ 1) high-entropy alloy powder proportioning according to mol ratio to calculate, adopt electronic scale to take the powder of various element, grind in mortar and make half an hour it mix.
2., after the laser cladding powder of 92 ~ 95% and the ethanol of 5 ~ 8% being mixed into pasty state or paste, be coated in substrate material surface, preformed layer thickness is 1-2mm, can obtain cladding layer after air-dry by laser melting coating.
3. select laser apparatus to adopt JK2003SM type Nd:YAG to carry out laser melting coating.
Case study on implementation 1
1. carry out FeNiCrAlSiMnx (getting x=0) high-entropy alloy powder proportioning according to mol ratio to calculate: Fe is 20mol%, Ni be 20mol%, Cr be 20mol%, Al be 20mol%, Si is 20mol%, adopts electronic scale to take the powder of various element.
2. pour mortar into, grind in mortar and make half an hour it mix.
3. the laser cladding powder will prepared, get after 92% and 8% ethanol is mixed into pasty state or paste, be coated in 42CrMo steel surface, coating thickness is 1mm, carries out laser melting coating after air-dry.
4. laser apparatus adopts JK2003SM type Nd:YAG, and laser cladding technological parameter is: laser power is 1550KW, and spot diameter is 0.8mm, and sweep velocity is 180mm/min, and defocusing amount is 0mm, and shielding gas adopts argon gas, and gas flow is 25L/min.
5. adopt chloroazotic acid to corrode after laser melting coating, obtain the metallograph (metallographic structure facilities for observation adopts OLYMPUS-GX51 metaloscope, manufacturer: Japanese OLYMPUS (Olympus) company) of cladding layer.
Adopt automatic turret digital display sclerometer to measure the microhardness of cladding layer, experimental result is as shown in the table, and after laser melting coating, hardness reaches 512.0HV, significantly improves than mother metal.
Adopt its wear resistance of MM-200 type determination of wear testing machine, specimen size is 7 × 7 × 25mm, and friction duty is dry grinding sliding friction, and be loaded as 5kg, rotating speed is 200r/min, and experimental period is 1h; Quality (measuring front ultrasonic washing instrument to clean) before and after measuring with electronic scale, experimental result is as shown in the table.Can find out, the weightlessness of mother metal is 3.6 times of cladding layer, and compared with mother metal, the wear resistance of cladding layer significantly improves.
| Quality/g before wearing and tearing | Quality/g before wearing and tearing | Weightlessness/mg | |
| Mother metal | 9.0479 | 9.0008 | 47.1 |
| FeNiCrAlSi cladding layer | 9.7562 | 9.7431 | 13.1 |
Case study on implementation 2
1. carry out FeNiCrAlSiMnx (getting x=1) high-entropy alloy powder proportioning according to mol ratio to calculate: Fe is 16.67mol%, Ni is 16.67mol%, Cr is 16.67mol%, Al is 16.67mol%, Si is 16.66mol%, Mn is 16.66mol%, and total mol ratio is 100%, and adopts electronic scale to take the powder of various element.
2. pour mortar into, grind in mortar and make half an hour it mix.
3. the laser cladding powder will prepared, get after 95% and 5% ethanol is mixed into pasty state or paste, be coated in 42CrMo steel surface, coating thickness is 2mm, carries out laser melting coating after air-dry.
4. laser apparatus adopts JK2003SM type Nd:YAG, and laser cladding technological parameter is: laser power is 1550KW, and spot diameter is 0.8mm, and sweep velocity is 180mm/min, and defocusing amount is 0mm, and shielding gas adopts argon gas, and gas flow is 25L/min.
5. adopt chloroazotic acid to corrode after laser melting coating, obtain the metallograph (metallographic structure facilities for observation adopts OLYMPUS-GX51 metaloscope, manufacturer: Japanese OLYMPUS (Olympus) company) of cladding layer.
Adopt automatic turret digital display sclerometer to measure the microhardness of cladding layer, experimental result is as shown in the table, and after laser melting coating, average hardness reaches 489.2HV, significantly improves than mother metal.
| Hardness value | Hardness value 2 | Hardness value 3 | Average hardness | |
| Mother metal | 286HV | 282HV | 285HV | 284HV |
| FeNiCrAlSiMn cladding layer | 481.5HV | 483.7HV | 502.5HV | 489.2HV |
Adopt its wear resistance of MM-200 type determination of wear testing machine, specimen size is 7 × 7 × 25mm, and friction duty is dry grinding sliding friction, and be loaded as 5kg, rotating speed is 200r/min, and experimental period is 1h; Quality (measuring front ultrasonic washing instrument to clean) before and after measuring with electronic scale, experimental result is as shown in the table.Can find out, the weightlessness of mother metal is 3.32 times of cladding layer, and compared with mother metal, the wear resistance of cladding layer significantly improves.
| Quality/g before wearing and tearing | Quality/g before wearing and tearing | Weightlessness/mg | |
| Mother metal | 9.0479 | 9.0008 | 47.1 |
| FeNiCrAlSiMn cladding layer | 9.5063 | 9.4921 | 14.2 |
Case study on implementation 3
1. carry out each metallic element of FeNiCrAlSiMnx (getting x=0.3) high-entropy alloy powder proportioning according to mol ratio: Fe, Ni, Cr, Al and Si for etc. mole, Mn is 0.3 of Si mole number, carries out mixing and using, with reference to above-mentioned case study on implementation
2. laser melting and coating process: laser power is 1650KW, spot diameter is 1.0mm, and sweep velocity is 200mm/min, and defocusing amount is 0mm, and shielding gas adopts helium, and gas flow is 20L/min
3. employing is identical carries out performance test, and result is as shown in the table:
Hardness
| Hardness value | Hardness value 2 | Hardness value 3 | Average hardness | |
| Mother metal | 286HV | 282HV | 285HV | 284HV |
| FeNiCrAlSiMn 0.3Cladding layer | 500.2HV | 519.7HV | 522.5HV | 514.1HV |
Wear resistance
| Quality/g before wearing and tearing | Quality/g before wearing and tearing | Weightlessness/mg | |
| Mother metal | 9.0479 | 9.0008 | 47.1 |
| FeNiCrAlSiMn 0.3Cladding layer | 9.6503 | 9.5213 | 12.9 |
Case study on implementation 4
1. carry out each metallic element of FeNiCrAlSiMnx (getting x=0.5) high-entropy alloy powder proportioning according to mol ratio: Fe, Ni, Cr, Al and Si for etc. mole, Mn is 0.5 of Si mole number, carries out mixing and using, with reference to above-mentioned case study on implementation
2. laser melting and coating process: laser power is 1620KW, spot diameter is 0.9mm, and sweep velocity is 180mm/min, and defocusing amount is 0mm, and shielding gas adopts helium, and gas flow is 22L/min
3. employing is identical carries out performance test, and result is as shown in the table:
Hardness
| Hardness value | Hardness value 2 | Hardness value 3 | Average hardness | |
| Mother metal | 286HV | 282HV | 285HV | 284HV |
| FeNiCrAlSiMn 0.5Cladding layer | 501.5HV | 523.7HV | 533.2HV | 519.5HV |
Wear resistance
| Quality/g before wearing and tearing | Quality/g before wearing and tearing | Weightlessness/mg | |
| Mother metal | 9.0479 | 9.0008 | 47.1 |
| FeNiCrAlSiMn 0.5Cladding layer | 9.5267 | 9.4017 | 12.5 |
Case study on implementation 5
1. carry out each metallic element of FeNiCrAlSiMnx (getting x=0.7) high-entropy alloy powder proportioning according to mol ratio: Fe, Ni, Cr, Al and Si for etc. mole, Mn is 0.7 of Si mole number, carries out mixing and using, with reference to above-mentioned case study on implementation
2. laser melting and coating process: laser power is 1580KW, spot diameter is 0.8mm, and sweep velocity is 150mm/min, and defocusing amount is 0mm, and shielding gas adopts helium, and gas flow is 20L/min
3. employing is identical carries out performance test, and result is as shown in the table:
Hardness
| Hardness value | Hardness value 2 | Hardness value 3 | Average hardness | |
| Mother metal | 286HV | 282HV | 285HV | 284HV |
| FeNiCrAlSiMn 0.7Cladding layer | 483.7HV | 500.5HV | 511.0HV | 498.4HV |
Wear resistance
| Quality/g before wearing and tearing | Quality/g before wearing and tearing | Weightlessness/mg | |
| Mother metal | 9.0479 | 9.0008 | 47.1 |
| FeNiCrAlSiMn 0.7Cladding layer | 9.5719 | 9.4339 | 13.8 |
Above to invention has been exemplary description; should be noted that; when not departing from core of the present invention, any simple distortion, amendment or other those skilled in the art can not spend the equivalent replacement of creative work all to fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. improve the method for 42CrMo Steel Properties in laser melting coating, it is characterized in that, after high-entropy alloy powder and ethanol mixing, evenly be coated in substrate material surface, cladding layer can be obtained to improve microhardness and wear resisting property by laser melting coating after drying, in high-entropy alloy powder and alcohol mixture, be made up of the powdered alloy of 92 ~ 95% and the ethanol of 5 ~ 8% according to mass percent; When carrying out laser melting coating, select body material to be 42CrMo steel, processing parameter is: laser power is 1550 ~ 1650KW, spot diameter is 0.8 ~ 1.0mm, and sweep velocity is 150 ~ 200mm/min, and defocusing amount is 0mm, shielding gas adopts argon gas or helium, and gas flow is 20 ~ 25L/min; High-entropy alloy powder is made up of Fe, Ni, Cr, Al, Si and Mn element powders, i.e. FeNiCrAlSiMnx, and wherein said is equimolar ratio between Fe, Ni, Cr, Al, Si, and the mol ratio x of described Mn is 0.5-0.7.
2. the method for 42CrMo Steel Properties in raising laser melting coating according to claim 1, is characterized in that, select each component to be powder that purity is more than or equal to 99%, and particle diameter is 100-500 orders.
3. the method for 42CrMo Steel Properties in raising laser melting coating according to claim 1, is characterized in that, select each component to be powder that purity is more than or equal to 99%, and particle diameter is 200-300 orders.
4. the method for 42CrMo Steel Properties in raising laser melting coating according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, after high-entropy alloy powder and ethanol mixing, form pasty state or paste, so that continue coating at substrate material surface, after coating, form preformed layer at substrate material surface, described preformed layer thickness is 1-2mm.
5. the method for 42CrMo Steel Properties in raising laser melting coating according to claim 1; it is characterized in that; when carrying out laser melting coating; laser power is 1580 ~ 1620KW; spot diameter is 0.8 ~ 1.0mm, and sweep velocity is 180 ~ 200mm/min, and defocusing amount is 0mm; shielding gas adopts argon gas, and gas flow is 22 ~ 25L/min.
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| CN201511014273.2A CN105506618B (en) | 2013-10-10 | 2013-10-10 | The method for improving 42CrMo Steel Properties in laser melting coating |
| CN201310471106.5A CN104141084B (en) | 2013-10-10 | 2013-10-10 | Laser melting coating high-entropy alloy powder and cladding layer preparation method and purposes |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106011845A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-10-12 | 浙江工业大学 | Method for obtaining high-volume-fraction reinforcement phase on surface of Hastelloy N |
| CN106011845B (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2019-01-11 | 浙江工业大学 | The method of Hastelloy N alloy surface acquisition high-volume fractional reinforced phase |
| CN109848514A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-06-07 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of steel substrate surface built-up welding multicomponent alloy powder coating is to enhance the method for abrasion resistance and hardness |
| CN111719147A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-09-29 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Material suitable for reproducing 35CrMnSiA and 42CrMo cutting teeth and laser cladding method |
| CN111719147B (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2022-02-25 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Material suitable for reproducing 35CrMnSiA and 42CrMo cutting teeth and laser cladding method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN104141084B (en) | 2017-01-04 |
| CN105506618B (en) | 2017-11-24 |
| CN104141084A (en) | 2014-11-12 |
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