CN105505841B - 用于处理工业废水污染的微生物菌剂 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种处理工业废水污染的微生物菌剂,其由恶臭假单胞菌、假丝酵母菌、解淀粉芽孢杆菌、溶纸梭菌、亚硝化菌、脱氮副球菌、硝化菌和辅料制备。本发明各菌种之间合理配伍,共生协调,互不拮抗,投加在废水处理系统中,对苯胺类难降解化合物有良好的降解效果,适于工业污水处理,提高处理水量和处理水质,降低运行费用,促进达标排放。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于微生物技术领域,具体涉及一种用于处理工业废水污染的微生物菌剂。
背景技术
工业废水成分复杂,特别是大量的人工合成化合物进入环境,这类物质主要是烷烃类、烯烃类、脂环烃类、芳香烃类、人工合成的有机物,尤其是大分子、难降解、有毒有害物质如苯酚、氯酚、甲酚、硝基酚等、芳香烃类、氰类、胺类以及氨氮等随着工厂排放的废水或固废进入环境,由于这些物质本身结构的复杂性和生物的陌生性,在短时间内不能被微生物分解利用,传统的废水处理方法用活性污泥培养驯化的微生物已不能有效地对这些污染物加以去除,这些物质长期在环境中积累,给我们赖以生存的生态环境造成很大污染, 给人类的身心健康带来很大危害。我国相当一部分工业污染企业宁可受罚也不愿意投资治理废水,即使有污水处理装置运行也极不正常。因此,开发一种建设投资少、运行成本低、处理效率好的污水处理技术迫在眉睫。
苯胺是芳香胺类最有代表性的物质,是一种具有芳香气味的无色油状液体,广泛应用于国防、印染、塑料、油漆、农药和医药工业等,同时也是严重污染环境和危害人体健康的有害物质,是一种“致癌、致畸、致突变”的三致物质。由于苯胺具有长期残留性、生物蓄积性、致癌性等特点,被美国EPA列为优先控制的129种污染物,也被列入“中国环境优先污染物黑名单”中,在工业排水中要求严格控制。处理苯胺废水的传统方法主要有物理、化学、生物等方法。
目前工业废水处理方法主要有物理方法反渗透、蒸馏、土壤灌溉;化学法有离子交换法、氨吹脱、化学沉淀法、折点氯化、电渗析、电化学处理、催化裂解;生物方法有硝化及藻类养殖,然而物理方法处理效果不佳,较之化学法,生物方法处理废水有如下优点:1)每种化学用品都是针对性很强的产品,当遇到其他化学物质时就有可能失效,而生物制剂对污染物的去除具有光谱性;2)化学产品可以暂时消除某些有害物质以及掩盖臭味,却不能阻止有害物质的生成;3)使用化学产品后,水体中会有残留,可能导致二次污染。生物制剂所含天然微生物,不含致病菌和病原体,这些微生物在酶的催化作用下,以污水中的有机营养物质为食物,当污水得到净化后,这些微生物会随污染物的降低而逐渐减少,直至消亡;4)无毒,无腐蚀性,使用方便,基本不需要添加设备或是工程,节省资金投入。
生物处理方法是治理工业污染水体的有效方法。它是利用微生物的作用,使化合物得到分解。由于生物处理方法比物理、化学方法成本低得多,又无二次污染,且微生物又具有较强的可变异性及适应性,因此它已成为处理工业污染水体的理想方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种用于处理工业废水污染的微生物菌剂。
所述工业废水含有苯胺。
本发明的生物制剂,各菌种之间合理配伍,共生协调,互不拮抗,其制备方法简便,方法易行,其操作简便,利于生产。
本发明是采用如下技术方案实现的:
一种用于处理工业废水污染的微生物菌剂,该菌剂包括下述原料:主料和辅料,所述主料由恶臭假单胞菌、假丝酵母菌、解淀粉芽孢杆菌、溶纸梭菌、亚硝化菌、脱氮副球菌、硝化菌制备。
所述辅料可为固体辅料和/或液体辅料。所述固体辅料为矿物材料、生物材料和/或高分子化合物;所述矿物材料可为粘土、滑石、高岭土、蒙脱石、白碳、沸石、硅石、草炭土和硅藻土中的至少一种;所述生物材料为各类作物的秸秆、松壳、稻草、花生壳、玉米粉、豆粉、淀粉、草炭和动物的粪便中的至少一种;所述高分子化合物为聚乙烯醇和/或聚二醇。所述液体辅料可为有机溶剂、植物油、矿物油或水;所述有机溶剂为癸烷和/或十二烷。所述粘土具体可为凹凸棒粘土。所述凹凸棒粘土是一种以凹凸棒石为主要成分的粘土矿物,主要化学成分是水合镁铝硅酸盐,含有K、Na、Ca、Fe、Al、Mg、Mn、Ti等元素,具有独特的分散能力和吸附能力。
经过验证,最终选择辅料由下述原料组成:硅藻土、草炭土。
优选地,所述辅料由硅藻土、草炭土按照重量比4:1混合而成;
所述复合菌剂和辅料按照2:5的重量比混合制备生物修复制剂;
所述复合菌剂的制备方法如下:将恶臭假单胞菌、假丝酵母菌、解淀粉芽孢杆菌、溶纸梭菌、亚硝化菌、脱氮副球菌、硝化菌分别培养至浓度为1×108个/ml的菌液,然后按照6:2:4:2:3:1:2的体积比混合,即得;
优选地:
所述恶臭假单胞菌为恶臭假单胞菌(Pseudomonas putida)CCTCC 203021(CN1513980公开使用);
所述假丝酵母菌为假丝酵母菌(Candida utilis)ATCC No.22023;
所述解淀粉芽孢杆菌为(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)ATCC 23843;
所述溶纸梭菌为(Clostridium papyrosolvens)ATCC 700395;
所述亚硝化菌为亚硝化菌(Nitrosomonas europaea)CCTCC No:M 2010002(CN101955885);
所述脱氮副球菌具体可为脱氮副球菌(Paracoccus denitrificans) ATCC13543;
所述硝化菌为(Nitrobacter sp.)CCTCC 2010001(CN101955885)
本发明所述菌种均可以从中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心(CGMCC)以及美国模式培养物集存库(ATCC)、中国农业微生物菌种保藏管理中心(ACCC)购买得到。
本领域技术人员可以根据常识选择合适的培养基及扩大培养方法,使活菌数达到108个/克,以及按照常规制备微生物固体制剂的方法制备。
本发明的复合菌剂将各种能形成优势菌群的菌种,配制成高效微生物制剂,按一定量投加到废水处理系统中,加速微生物对污染物的降解,以提高系统的生物处理效率,保证系统稳定运行。其含有多种对难降解污染物有优良降解能力的微生物,各菌种之间合理配伍,共生协调,互不拮抗,活性高,生物量大,繁殖快,投加在废水处理系统中,对苯胺类污染水体有良好的降解效果,适于工业污水处理,可提高处理水量和处理水质,降低运行费用,促进达标排放。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种用于处理工业废水污染的微生物菌剂,该菌剂包括下述原料:主料和辅料,所述主料由恶臭假单胞菌、假丝酵母菌、解淀粉芽孢杆菌、溶纸梭菌、亚硝化菌、脱氮副球菌、硝化菌制备。
所述辅料由硅藻土、草炭土按照重量比4:1混合而成;
所述复合菌剂和辅料按照2:5的重量比混合制备生物修复制剂;
所述复合菌剂的制备方法如下:将恶臭假单胞菌、假丝酵母菌、解淀粉芽孢杆菌、溶纸梭菌、亚硝化菌、脱氮副球菌、硝化菌分别培养至浓度为1×108个/ml的菌液,然后按照6:2:4:2:3:1:2的体积比混合,即得;
优选地:
所述恶臭假单胞菌为恶臭假单胞菌(Pseudomonas putida)CCTCC 203021(CN1513980公开使用);
所述假丝酵母菌为假丝酵母菌(Candida utilis)ATCC No.22023;
所述解淀粉芽孢杆菌为(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)ATCC 23843;
所述溶纸梭菌为(Clostridium papyrosolvens)ATCC 700395;
所述亚硝化菌为亚硝化菌(Nitrosomonas europaea)CCTCC No:M 2010002(CN101955885);
所述脱氮副球菌具体可为脱氮副球菌(Paracoccus denitrificans) ATCC13543;
所述硝化菌为(Nitrobacter sp.)CCTCC 2010001(CN101955885)
本发明所述菌种均可以从中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心(CGMCC)以及美国模式培养物集存库(ATCC)、中国农业微生物菌种保藏管理中心(ACCC)购买得到。
本领域技术人员可以根据常识选择合适的培养基及扩大培养方法,使活菌数达到108个/克,以及按照常规制备微生物固体制剂的方法制备。
实施例2
采用实施例1制备的微生物菌剂处理某化工厂工业废水,处理工艺为A/O+沉淀+曝气生物滤,A/O池按每立方米生化池容积每次投加实施例1制得的微生物菌剂20克,每天投加1次,连续投加10天;曝气生物滤池按每立米填料投加实施例1制得的微生物菌剂20克,每天投加1次,连续投加10天;一个月后,处理效果如下表1:
表1
虽然,上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施方式对本案作了详尽的说明,但在本发明基础上,可以对之作一些修改或改进,这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此,在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所作的修改或改进,均属于本发明要求保护的范围。
Claims (2)
1.用于处理工业废水污染的微生物菌剂,其包括下述原料:主料和辅料,所述主料和辅料按照2:5的重量比混合;
所述主料由恶臭假单胞菌、假丝酵母菌、解淀粉芽孢杆菌、溶纸梭菌、亚硝化菌、脱氮副球菌、硝化菌分别培养至浓度为1×108个/ml的菌液,然后按照6:2:4:2:3:1:2的体积比混合制备而得;
所述辅料由硅藻土和草炭土按照重量比4:1混合而成;
所述恶臭假单胞菌为恶臭假单胞菌(Pseudomonas putida)CCTCC No.203021;
所述假丝酵母菌为假丝酵母菌(Candida utilis)ATCC 22023;
所述解淀粉芽孢杆菌为(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)ATCC 23843;
所述溶纸梭菌为(Clostridium papyrosolvens)ATCC 700395;
所述亚硝化菌为亚硝化菌(Nitrosomonas europaea)CCTCC No:M 2010002;
所述脱氮副球菌为脱氮副球菌(Paracoccus denitrificans) ATCC 13543;
所述硝化菌为(Nitrobacter sp.)CCTCC No.2010001。
2.权利要求1所述菌剂用于工业废水处理的应用。
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