CN105441815B - A kind of diamond tool modified superfine hypoxemia water smoke alloy powder preparation method - Google Patents
A kind of diamond tool modified superfine hypoxemia water smoke alloy powder preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
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- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 208000018875 hypoxemia Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 6
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- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229910017082 Fe-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- HXQQNYSFSLBXQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N COC1=C(NC(CO)C(O)=O)CC(O)(CO)CC1=NCC(O)=O Chemical compound COC1=C(NC(CO)C(O)=O)CC(O)(CO)CC1=NCC(O)=O HXQQNYSFSLBXQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of diamond tool modified superfine hypoxemia water smoke alloy powder preparation method.Diamond tool bit alloy carcass powder can be manufactured using the method.It is a feature of the present invention that being modified by adding a variety of intensified elements to alloy powder, while enhancing the bending strength of sintering carcass.It is atomized using high-pressure water beyond the alloy powder that technology manufactures Ultra-fine, the homogeneity of ingredients for improving single powder, while reducing sintering alloy powder densification temperature.By the control of smelting process and reducing process, low oxygen content alloy powder is obtained, the consistency of sintering carcass is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of powder metallurgy, it is related to a kind of diamond tool modified superfine hypoxemia water smoke alloy powder
Preparation method.Its feature is less than 2000ppm in oxygen content, and D50 is 3-8 microns, spheroidization particle, powder size normal state point
Cloth.By carbide former and rare-earth element modified, alloy has more high-flexural strength and the hold to diamond.
Background technology
Diamond tool is widely used in stone material, building materials, refractory material, ceramics, semiconductor, magnetic material, composite
Deng the processing of hard brittle material, the overwhelming majority uses mixed metal powder or pre-alloyed powder for binding agent, with diamond particles
Mix hot pressed sintering manufacture.
Binding agent sinters the Matrix Wear Resistance requirement to be formed and is processed object material matching.If wearability is too high, though
Right tool life lifting, but processing efficiency can decline, the instrument of even resulting in can not be used；Similarly, wearability is too low, though
Right tool processes efficiency is improved, but the service life of instrument accordingly shortens.
Diamond tool is while processing efficiency and life-span during being used for have strict demand, and this requires conduct
The metal dust performance of carcass must take into account the two aspects simultaneously.Matrix Wear Resistance is by powdered ingredients used, oxygen content, grain
Degree composition, sintered body bending strength, hardness, many factors such as it is mingled with and influences.
The carcass bending strength of diamond tool requirement needs to be more than 900MPa, and otherwise carcass toughness is not enough, processed
Easy fragmentation causes tool failures in journey.In general, the higher carcass of bending strength is better to the hold of diamond.Fe、Ni、
The compound prescription of the elements such as Cu, Sn has higher cost performance in diamond tool field, but its sintered body bending strength exists
1400MPa or so；When for processing relatively soft and hard material in some object, often occur that wearability is too high to be made to draw
After the diamond of dew is broken, carcass fails abrasion synchronous with diamond, causes the situation of tool processes inefficiency；Especially lead to
The pre-alloyed water atomized powder of melting is crossed, it is more obvious that this defect is showed；For this problem, increase crisp in carcass
Property is mutually an effective ways.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is the carbide former by introducing Si in the composition design of pre-alloyed powder, and
Rare earth element, forms appropriate brittlement phase Fe-Si intermetallic compounds, carbide, and YSi in tissue of sintered body2, improve
Sintered body bending strength, makes carcass possess moderate wearability, while meeting diamond tool for processing efficiency and using the longevity
The requirement of life.
To achieve the above object, alloy powder composition design of the invention proportioning is：Cu：27~67%, Ni：1~10%,
Sn：1~10%, Si：0.05~8%, carbide former Ti：1~15%, Cr：1~20%, rare-earth elements La：0.03~
5%, Y：0.03~5%；Fe surpluses.Oxygen content in power is less than 1000ppm.Manufacture method is included：Smelting, water atomization, press filtration take off
The techniques such as water, vacuum drying, reduction, screening, conjunction batch, vacuum packaging.Its specific operating procedure is as follows：
1) smelt：Smelted using intermediate frequency furnace, its Power Control is between 180~240KW；Furnace lining material is magnesia,
Addition sequence and the time of each metal material are strictly controlled in fusion process, Fe and Ni is first added, added when melting more than half
Cu, changes clear rear addition Si and Sn；Finally it is sequentially added into Cr, Ti, La, Y.Using quick lime slag making, alloy solution is completely covered
Top layer, 5~15 minutes heat-preserving deoxidizings.Then control molten steel temperature is atomized after being skimmed between 1550~1640 DEG C；
2) water atomization：By the way of two groups of nozzle Orthogonal Double V-arrangements, two grades of atomizations；The installation site of two groups of nozzles is in level
The line in face is mutually perpendicular to；One-level atomization angle is 40 ± 1 °, and two grades of atomization angles of atomized water flow are 30 ± 1 °；Middle Baogang
Descending 3~the 7mm of diameter of liquid, the atomized water flow of first order atomizer is controlled in 40-80L/min, atomizing pressure 100-
120MPa；The atomized water flow control of second level atomizer is in 40-60L/min, and atomizing pressure is controlled in 60-95MPa.
3) filter-press dehydration：Pigment mixture after atomization is in powder collecting pot interior sealing gas boosting, powder collecting pot bottom delivery port
Pressurize is installed under 1200 mesh filter clothes, 0.1~0.5MPa pressure additional untill delivery port is without the discharge of obvious gas-vapor mix.
4) it is dried in vacuo：Using double conic rotary vacuum dryer, the wet-milling after dehydration is first loaded into drier, powder filling port is close
Envelope, starts vavuum pump, and starting power switch makes the vertical single direction rotation of drier, then starts heater switch.Vacuum drier is set
Vacuum is determined less than -0.09MPa, 40~120 DEG C of heating-up temperature.
5) reduce：Boat reduction furnace is pushed away using step-by-step movement, hydrogen, the mixed gas of nitrogen, hydrogen ratio that ammonia is produced is decomposed
Higher than 75%.Reduction temperature is 560~620 DEG C, and powder is at the uniform velocity promoted in reduction furnace isothermal region, and the recovery time is 30~60 points
Clock.
6) sieve：Screen cloth according to required granularity selection corresponding -200 mesh, -300 mesh or -400 specifications is sieved.
7) close and criticize：Screenings after screening is concentrated, the mixing of vacuum mixing machine is added, is allowed to even particle size distribution.
8) it is vacuum-packed：The powder after criticizing will be closed to be vacuum-packed using plastic vacuum packaging bag, every bag of bag can be selected on demand
Fill weight.
In the present invention, raw material is more than 99.95% pure iron, electrolytic copper plate, sheet nickel, tin slab and simple substance using purity
Silico briquette, simple substance Cr blocks, electrolysis Ti plates, simple substance La, simple substance Y；Composition based on iron and copper in formula；The purpose for adding nickel is solid solution
Reinforcing, improves hardness, the bending strength of sintered powder, so as to improve the hold to diamond particles, improves Buddha's warrior attendant lapicide
The service life of tool.If nickel content is too low, strengthen DeGrain, life tools are not enough；If nickel content is too high, sintered body
Hardness and wearability are too high, and diamond tool self-sharpening can be caused poor, and sharpness is not enough, and processing efficiency is low.Add the mesh of tin
Be reduction alloy powder fusing point and powder sintering temperatures, if content is too low, do not reach ideal effect；If Theil indices mistake
Height, can occur liquid phase too early during hot pressed sintering, reduce die life, also result in sintered density not enough.Add
The purpose of silicon is to form brittlement phase Fe-Si intermetallic compounds, and the sharp of instrument is improved in the case where ensureing sintered body toughness
Degree；If it is too high to add silicone content, sintered body can be caused to become fragile, toughness is not enough, instrument can not be used；If addition is too low,
Material modification can not then be played a part of.The purpose for adding rare earth element y is that the tiny YSi of disperse is formed in powder organization2,
Serve dispersion-strengthened effect.Suppress crystal grain when the purpose for adding La is sintering to grow up, and play solution strengthening effect, improve and close
Golden bending strength.Ti is added, Cr purpose is in diamond surface formation TiC, Cr3C2Intermetallic compound, increase and diamond
Chemical bond, and be uniformly distributed in boundary surfaces, improve the crystal boundary adhesion of alloy.
Compared with other pre-alloyed powders, the alloy powder prepared by the present invention has Ultra-fine, the spy of low oxygen content
Point, therefore possess good low-temperature sintering temperature performance, and sintering range is wider：In the range of 760 DEG C~880 DEG C
Hot pressing is sintered, and sintered density reaches more than 99%, due to the addition of modifying element, makes the bending strength of agglomerate big
In 1900MPa.With the diamond tool of its manufacture, tool life and processing efficiency are significantly increased.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1.
Using the Medium frequency induction smelting furnace of industrial production 250kg heat sizes, furnace lining material is magnesia, using raw material and again
Amount such as table 1 below：
The raw material of table 1. uses species and proportioning table (embodiment 1)
| Raw material name | Ingot iron | It is electrolysed Ni plates | It is electrolysed Cu plates | Si | Sn | Cr | Ti | La | Y | Gross weight, kg |
| Weight | 104.5 | 12.5 | 100 | 7.5 | 10 | 12.5 | 2.5 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 250 |
Raw material addition sequence is as follows：
The first step：Pure iron is added, Ni plates are inserted in the middle of pure iron, Power Control starts in 230KW, fusing.
Second step：When melting more than half, Cu plates are added.
3rd step：Si ingots and Sn ingots are added after the fusing of Cu plates.
4th step：Add Cr ingots, Ti plates, La and Y powder
After melting sources, covered on molten metal surface with lime, lime melts after 10 minutes, starts to skim.Measurement is molten
Liquid temperature degree, high-pressure hydraulic pump is started when temperature reaches 1580 DEG C, and the inflated with nitrogen into atomization bucket, regulation atomizing pressure is 100MPa,
Topple over liquation and start atomization into middle bottom pour ladle.Pigment mixture after atomization is in powder collecting pot interior sealing gas boosting, powder collecting pot
Bottom delivery port installs under 1200 mesh filter clothes, 0.5MPa pressure pressurize additional untill delivery port is without the discharge of obvious gas-vapor mix.First
Wet-milling after dehydration is loaded into drier, powder filling port sealing starts vavuum pump, and starting power switch makes drier vertically unidirectionally revolve
Turn, then start heater switch.Vacuum drier setting vacuum is less than -0.09MPa, and 110 DEG C of heating-up temperature is dried 4 hours
Heating is closed afterwards, waits dryer temperature to drop to less than 50 DEG C, vavuum pump is closed, and is opened meal outlet and is gone out powder.Powder after drying
Load graphite boat, be put into step-by-step movement and push away the hydrogen that decomposition ammonia is passed through in boat reduction furnace, stove and is produced, the mixed gas of nitrogen, hydrogen
Gas ratio is higher than 75%.Reduction temperature is set as 600 DEG C, powder is at the uniform velocity promoted in reduction furnace isothermal region, the recovery time is 30 points
Clock.Reduction powder is sieved with 400 eye mesh screens, minus sieve powder addition vacuum mixing machine is collected and is mixed.Final products
Powder testing result such as table 2：
The performance of table 2. water smoke alloy powder (embodiment 1) final products
Embodiment 2.
Using the Medium frequency induction smelting furnace of industrial production 250kg heat sizes, furnace lining material is magnesia, using raw material and again
Amount such as table 3 below：
The raw material of table 3. uses species and proportioning table (embodiment 2)
Raw material addition sequence and embodiment 1 are identical.
After melting sources, covered on molten metal surface with lime, lime melts after 10 minutes, starts to skim.Measurement is molten
Liquid temperature degree, high-pressure hydraulic pump is started when temperature reaches 1600 DEG C, and the inflated with nitrogen into atomization bucket, regulation atomizing pressure is 110MPa,
Topple over liquation and start atomization into middle bottom pour ladle.Pigment mixture after atomization is in powder collecting pot interior sealing gas boosting, powder collecting pot
Bottom delivery port installs under 1200 mesh filter clothes, 0.5MPa pressure pressurize additional untill delivery port is without the discharge of obvious gas-vapor mix.First
Wet-milling after dehydration is loaded into drier, powder filling port sealing starts vavuum pump, and starting power switch makes drier vertically unidirectionally revolve
Turn, then start heater switch.Vacuum drier setting vacuum is less than -0.09MPa, and 110 DEG C of heating-up temperature is dried 4 hours
Heating is closed afterwards, waits dryer temperature to drop to less than 50 DEG C, vavuum pump is closed, and is opened meal outlet and is gone out powder.Powder after drying
Load graphite boat, be put into step-by-step movement and push away the hydrogen that decomposition ammonia is passed through in boat reduction furnace, stove and is produced, the mixed gas of nitrogen, hydrogen
Gas ratio is higher than 75%.Reduction temperature is set as 600 DEG C, powder is at the uniform velocity promoted in reduction furnace isothermal region, the recovery time is 30 points
Clock.Reduction powder is sieved with 400 eye mesh screens, minus sieve powder addition vacuum mixing machine is collected and is mixed.Final products
Powder testing result such as table 4：
The performance of table 4. water smoke alloy powder (embodiment 2) final products
Claims (5)
1. a kind of diamond tool modified superfine hypoxemia water atomization Alloy powder manufacturing approach, it is characterised in that include step：
Smelt, water atomization, filter-press dehydration, be dried in vacuo, reduce, screening, conjunction batch, vacuum packaging；Diamond tool is low with modified superfine
The chemical composition of oxygen water smoke alloy powder constitutes as follows by weight percentage, and Cu27~67%, Ni1~10%, Sn1~
10%, Si0.05~8%, Ti1~15%, Cr1~20%, La0.03~5%, Y0.03~5%；Fe surpluses；The smelting is adopted
Smelted with intermediate frequency furnace, its Power Control is between 180~240kW, and furnace lining material is magnesia, it is strict in fusion process
The addition sequence of each metal material is controlled, Fe and Ni is first added, Cu is added when melting more than half, Si and Sn is added after changing clearly, presses afterwards
Order adds Cr, Ti, La, Y, using quick lime slag making, is completely covered alloy solution top layer, 5~15 minutes heat-preserving deoxidizings,
Then control molten steel temperature is atomized after being skimmed between 1550~1640 DEG C；Using two groups of nozzle Orthogonal Double V-arrangements, two grades of atomizations
Mode, the installation site of two groups of nozzles is mutually perpendicular in the line of horizontal plane；One-level atomization angle is 40 ± 1 °, atomized water flow
Two grades of atomization angles are 30 ± 1 °；The atomized water flow of first order atomizer is controlled in 40-80L/min, atomizing pressure 100-
120MPa, the atomized water flow control of second level atomizer is in 40-60L/min, and atomizing pressure is controlled in 60-95MPa；Atomization
Pigment mixture afterwards is in powder collecting pot interior sealing gas boosting, and powder collecting pot bottom delivery port installs 1200 mesh filter clothes additional, 0.1~
Pressurize is untill delivery port is without the discharge of obvious gas-vapor mix under 0.5MPa pressure；Vacuum drying is using bipyramid rotary vacuum drying
Machine, first loads drier by the wet-milling after dehydration, and powder filling port sealing starts vavuum pump, and starting power switch makes drier vertical
Single direction rotation, then starts heater switch；Vacuum drier setting vacuum is less than -0.09MPa, 40~120 DEG C of heating-up temperature；
Reduction pushes away boat reduction furnace using step-by-step movement, decomposes hydrogen, the mixed gas of nitrogen that ammonia is produced, and hydrogen ratio is higher than 75%, also
Former temperature is 560~620 DEG C, and powder is at the uniform velocity promoted in reduction furnace isothermal region, and the recovery time is 30~60 minutes；The powder produced
Average grain diameter (D50) is between 3~8 microns, and oxygen content in power is less than 2000ppm, and spheroidization is good, and powder size is in normal state point
Cloth.
2. a kind of diamond tool as claimed in claim 1 modified superfine hypoxemia water atomization Alloy powder manufacturing approach, its
It is characterised by, the descending 3~7mm of diameter of tundish molten steel.
3. a kind of diamond tool as claimed in claim 1 modified superfine hypoxemia water atomization Alloy powder manufacturing approach, its
Si added in dispensing is characterised by, appropriate brittlement phase Fe-Si intermetallic compounds are formed in powder organization, simultaneously because adding
Plus rare earth element y, the tiny YSi of disperse is formed in powder organization2, serve dispersion-strengthened effect, joint account Si its
The scaling loss amount of deoxidier effect is played in smelting process so that smelting process only needs to CaO slag making, without adding other
Deoxidier, technique simple and stable is easy to operate.
4. a kind of diamond tool as claimed in claim 1 modified superfine hypoxemia water atomization Alloy powder manufacturing approach, its
Ti, Cr added in its dispensing are characterised by, in diamond surface formation TiC, Cr3C2Intermetallic compound, increase and Buddha's warrior attendant
The chemical bond of stone, is uniformly distributed in boundary surfaces, improves the crystal boundary adhesion of alloy.
5. a kind of diamond tool as claimed in claim 1 modified superfine hypoxemia water atomization Alloy powder manufacturing approach, its
La added in its dispensing is characterised by, Y rare earth elements suppress crystal grain and grown up, play solution strengthening effect, improve and close during sintering
Golden bending strength.
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| CN106048292A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-10-26 | 安徽旭晶粉体新材料科技有限公司 | Antioxidative titaniferous copper alloy powder prepared by water mist method |
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| SE9602835D0 (en) * | 1996-07-22 | 1996-07-22 | Hoeganaes Ab | Process for the preparation of an iron-based powder |
| CN1986116B (en) * | 2005-12-19 | 2011-01-19 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | RE-containing pre-alloy powder |
| CN101181749A (en) * | 2007-12-19 | 2008-05-21 | 上海芬迪超硬材料科技有限公司 | Atomized alloyed powder substituting cobalt and nickel in diamond tools |
| CN101748302B (en) * | 2008-12-08 | 2011-11-30 | 安泰科技股份有限公司 | pre-alloying powder for diamond tool and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103266258B (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2015-09-02 | 江苏锋泰工具有限公司 | Rare earth pre-alloyed powder and preparation method thereof |
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