CN105409555A - High-yield planting method for radix aucklandiae by continuous cropping - Google Patents
High-yield planting method for radix aucklandiae by continuous cropping Download PDFInfo
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- CN105409555A CN105409555A CN201510884337.8A CN201510884337A CN105409555A CN 105409555 A CN105409555 A CN 105409555A CN 201510884337 A CN201510884337 A CN 201510884337A CN 105409555 A CN105409555 A CN 105409555A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a high-yield planting method for radix aucklandiae by continuous cropping. The method comprises the following steps: land selection and soil preparation; seed reservation by tail roots; cultivation in situ; field management; and harvesting and processing. The advantages of the planting method lie in two aspect of seed reservation by tail roots and continuous cropping in situ; and the problems that in the prior art the planting cycle is long, the land utilization is low, labor and time are wasted, and labor cost is high are solved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to planting technical field, be specifically related to the implantation methods of a kind of banksia rose continuous cropping high yield.
Background technology
The banksia rose, is the dry root of the feverfew banksia rose (AucklandialappaDecne.), has promoting qi circulation and relieving pain, the effects such as warming middle-JIAO for easing the stomach.The banksia rose originates in India, nineteen thirty-five introduce a fine variety to the ground such as Lijiang, yunnan, Dali success, because of medicinal material amount of fine quality greatly thus claim " Aplotaxis auriculata ".In recent years, because its clinical practice constantly expands, market demand increases, and the banksia rose is on the ground such as Xuanhan, Beichuan, Li County, Baoxing in Sichuan Province; The ground such as Kai Xian, Nanchuan of Chongqing City also starts extensive plantation.Xuanhan County starts to introduce a fine variety the banksia rose from Yunnan at hundred li of gorge area nineteen sixty-fives, and local height above sea level is at about 1600 ~ 2300m, and weather is felt nice and cool, and soil organic matter content enriches, and suitable banksia rose growth, the banksia rose has become one of large kind of Xuanhan County's traditional Chinese medicine now.
Area, hundred li of gorges starts to sound out banksia rose continuous cropping technology in 1975 in conjunction with soil and climatic characteristic, so far existing 40 years history, the medicinal material cropping pattern of the existing banksia rose has the crop cycle caused because of seed seedling-raising and crop rotation in 3 years long, the shortcoming such as land utilization rate is low, time-consuming, labor cost is high.Be specially: the defect of seed seedling-raising is embodied in: in the time lengthening of (1) seed seedling-raising crop cycle, need to consume at least 1 year from seed to seedling, whole crop cycle reaches 3 years.(2) operation is time-consuming takes a lot of work in seed selection: first will select that growing way is good, robust growth, disease-free plant reserve seed for planting, also will carry out gathering of seed, and then carry out airing processing, also will screen seed during sowing after seed maturity.(3) plant of reserving seed for planting can not extract colored tongue in process of growth, and such nutrient can not supply nourishing and growing of root completely, causes production declining.(4) because cross pollination causes maternal merit to degenerate in seminal propagation process, medical material quanlity after reserving seed for planting continuously, is caused to decline.The shortcoming of crop rotation is embodied in: (1) traditional planting patterns requires banksia rose crop rotation in 3 years, and after namely planting one batch, this ground just can not continue to plant the banksia rose, must change ground, constrain the expansion of planting scale.(2) the soil effort reselecting the growth of the applicable banksia rose is time-consuming, and land utilization rate reduces.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the implantation methods of a kind of banksia rose continuous cropping high yield, solve the problem that the crop cycle existed in prior art is long, land utilization rate is low, time-consuming, labor cost is high.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is, a kind of implantation methods of banksia rose continuous cropping high yield, specifically implements according to following steps:
(1) selection of land wholely;
(2) root of the tail is reserved seed for planting;
(3) plant on the spot;
(4) field management;
(5) pick and process.
Feature of the present invention is also,
Selection of land is specially wholely: select soil layer deep, fertile, well-drained sand loam, after choosing ground, banksia rose acrial part branches and leaves, weeds etc. discarded after gathering upper one batch plough under when ploughing in soil, as base manure, soil deeptillage 30 ~ 45cm, rake carefully flattens.
Further, the requirement of selection of land is as follows: select milpa height above sea level to be 1700 ~ 2200m, year samming 5.6 ~ 11 DEG C, the maximum air temperature 35 DEG C, the minimum air temperature-10 DEG C, >=10 DEG C of annual accumution 4500 ~ 5500 DEG C, annual precipitation 800 ~ 1100mm, the region of 150 ~ 180 days frost-free seasons, selects that soil layer is deep, that the soil is porous is fertile, draining is good, and pH value is the plantation of the subacidity of 6.0 ~ 7.0, neutral sandy loam or loam.
Root of the tail is reserved seed for planting and is specially: when gathering banksia rose medicinal material 10 ~ November, after being excavated by main root, chooses stalwartness, fresh, outward appearance not damaged, free from insect pests, to go mouldy, length is 10 ~ 15cm, diameter be the root of the tail of more than 0.5cm as kind of a root, the root of the tail as kind of root must with fibrous root.
Plantation is specially on the spot: take the mode with digging with planting to carry out during plantation, and the strain of a brood of plantation root of the tail 1 ~ 2, plants root and be tiltedly put in nest, tiltedly put angle at 15 °; By line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 20cm plants, and the benefit of this line space is that after growing tall envelope ridge to the banksia rose, cover weeds, covered by the topsoil routed up when excavating after plantation, thickness is about 5cm ~ 10cm, waters in time when meeting arid.
Field management is specially: in the whole process of growth of the banksia rose, carry out artificial weeding twice, cuts, Lao Ye scissors withered and yellow for banksia rose plant in order to ventilation and penetrating light from stem simultaneously; Water in time during growing period drought, note water drainage rainy season.
The mode of weeding is specially: first time, in 4 ~ May of spring, is now the growth animated period of weeds; Second time 7 ~ August in the fall.
Requirement of applying fertilizer in field management process is: at plantation Second Year mid or late March, evenly apply well-rotted farmyard manure 1000 ~ 1200kg/ mu, composite fertilizer's 25 ~ 30kg/ mu as base fertilizer, manage railway carriage or compartment bedding after removing field stubble, weeds; Topdress to divide First Year late May, mid-July and mid-May next year after planting in conjunction with intertill and clean tillage and impose on root with urea and composite fertilizer 3 times, the amount of imposing is urea 20 ~ 30kg/ mu at every turn, composite fertilizer 30 ~ 40kg/ mu.
Pick and process is specially: at the other dark plane of strain, dig full root, cut residual stem, remove earth and fibrous root, the good root of the tail of growth selection is as kind of a root simultaneously; Main root is cut into the section that 10 ~ 15cm is long, reed head diameter becomes 2 ~ 4 pieces in more than 5cm rip cutting, dries or dries with baking a heatable brick bed; Rub with the hands after dry and remove tertia, i.e. hyoscine.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the advantage applies of this implantation methods to be reserved seed for planting and on the spot in continuous cropping two at root of the tail, wherein, root of the tail is reserved seed for planting and is specially: (1) adopts root of the tail to reserve seed for planting, eliminate seed seedling-raising link, tradition shortens to 2 years crop cycle in 3 year, must planting cost be reduced, reduce Planting risk.(2) gather, sowing unites two into one, save time few work, reduces labor cost, compare traditional modes of reproduction, saves labor cost 1500 yuan, improve economic benefit for every mu.(3) main root is used as medicine, and root of the tail is reserved seed for planting, and improves resource utilization, improves the quality of commodity medicinal material, and the banksia rose medicinal material even thickness after truncating, appearance are better, and every public purchasing price improves 4 jiaos, and the economic benefit of every mu improves 1050 yuan.The advantage applies of continuous cropping exists on the spot: (1) continuous cropping on the spot, with digging with kind, simplifies the process of plantation, and saved the time of plantation, broken 3 years traditional crop rotation methods, land utilization rate increases substantially.(2) enforcement of continuous cropping technology makes per mu yield fresh goods 2000 ~ 2500 kilograms, dried food and nuts 500 ~ 650 kilograms, and every mu of fresh goods output is than front raising 250-500 kilogram, and dried food and nuts improves about 150 kilograms.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the implantation methods of banksia rose continuous cropping of the present invention high yield.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
The invention provides the implantation methods of a kind of banksia rose continuous cropping high yield, its flow chart as shown in Figure 1, is specifically implemented according to following steps:
(1) selection of land wholely
The banksia rose is deep rooting plant, and soil layer be selected deep, fertile, and well-drained sand loam is excellent, after choosing ground, banksia rose acrial part branches and leaves, weeds etc. discarded after gathering upper one batch plough under when ploughing in soil, as base manure, soil deeptillage 30 ~ 45cm, rake carefully flattens.
The requirement of selection of land is as follows: select milpa height above sea level to be 1700 ~ 2200m, year samming 5.6 ~ 11 DEG C, the maximum air temperature 35 DEG C, the minimum air temperature-10 DEG C, >=10 DEG C of annual accumution 4500 ~ 5500 DEG C, annual precipitation 800 ~ 1100mm, the region of 150 ~ 180 days frost-free seasons, select that soil layer is deep, that the soil is porous is fertile, draining is good, pH value is the plantation of the subacidity of 6.0 ~ 7.0, neutral sandy loam or loam.
(2) root of the tail is reserved seed for planting
When gathering banksia rose medicinal material 10 ~ November, after being excavated by main root, choosing stalwartness, fresh, outward appearance not damaged, free from insect pests, to go mouldy, length is 10 ~ 15cm, diameter be the root of the tail of more than 0.5cm as kind of a root, the root of the tail as kind of root must with fibrous root.According to the growing state of the banksia rose, generally every mu of ground needs root of the tail 150 kilograms of reserving seed for planting, and after plantation, the emergence rate of root of the tail can reach more than 85%.
(3) plant on the spot
Take the mode with digging with planting to carry out during plantation, the strain of a brood of plantation root of the tail 1 ~ 2, plants root and is tiltedly put in nest, tiltedly put angle at about 15 °.By line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 20cm plants, and the benefit of this line space, after growing tall envelope ridge to the banksia rose, can cover weeds, thus slow down the growth rate of weeds, be conducive to the management in banksia rose later stage.Covered by the topsoil routed up when excavating after plantation, thickness is about about 5cm ~ 10cm, also needs to water in time if meet arid.
(4) field management
In the whole process of growth of the banksia rose, need to carry out artificial weeding twice, first time, in 4 ~ May of spring, is now the growth animated period of weeds.Second time 7 ~ August in the fall, Lao Ye scissors withered and yellow for banksia rose plant is cut from stem, in order to ventilation and penetrating light by weeding simultaneously.Water in time during growing period drought, note water drainage rainy season.
In above-mentioned field management process, first the soil fertility of milpa is detected, enrich corresponding fertilizer according to the result of the detection of soil nutrient.
Table 1 soil fertility testing result
Note: in soil, hydrolyzable nitrogen is general more high better, is the nitrogen element that can directly be absorbed and used by plants.
According to the testing result of soil fertility again in conjunction with the growth requirement of the banksia rose, generally at Second Year mid or late March, evenly apply well-rotted farmyard manure 1000 ~ 1200kg/ mu, composite fertilizer's 25 ~ 30kg/ mu as base fertilizer, after removing field stubble, weeds, manage railway carriage or compartment bedding.Topdress to divide First Year late May, mid-July and mid-May next year after planting in conjunction with intertill and clean tillage and impose on root with urea and composite fertilizer 3 times, the amount of imposing is urea 20 ~ 30kg/ mu at every turn, composite fertilizer 30 ~ 40kg/ mu, and earths up, to improve output.
(5) pick and process
During results, at the other dark plane of strain, dig full root, cut residual stem, remove earth and fibrous root (unavailable washing), the good root of the tail of growth selection is as kind of a root simultaneously.Main root is cut into the section that 10 ~ 15cm is long, reed head diameter becomes 2 ~ 4 pieces in more than 5cm rip cutting, dries or dries with baking a heatable brick bed.Rub with the hands after dry and remove tertia, get final product hyoscine.
Here adopts planting seed and adopts root of the tail of the present invention to plant two kinds of Planting pattern comparative studies:
1.1 test materials and method
This studies every field trial is carry out in township of dragon's fountain Tujia of Xuanhan County of Sichuan Province.Test material is accredited as the banksia rose (AucklandialappaDecne.) seed and root of the tail through associate professor Yin Hongxiang.Experimental plot area is 0.5 mu.Adopt random district group, order and contrast arrangement, repeat 3 ~ 5 times.The management work such as general intertill and clean tillage, fertilising are carried out in vegetative period.After growing 2 years test results, to every determination data, variance analysis is adopted to carry out significance test of difference.
1.2 result of the test
The seminal propagation of table 2 banksia rose is planted with root of the tail and is compared
As can be seen from Table 2, although adopt the mode sowing quantity of root of the tail plantation to increase, per mu yield and economic benefit can be significantly improved, and discal patch loose after adopting root of the tail to plant increases, and reed head quantity reduces, and improves quality, therefore, the production of the banksia rose with root of the tail breeding better.
Claims (9)
1. an implantation methods for banksia rose continuous cropping high yield, is characterized in that, specifically implement according to following steps:
(1) selection of land wholely;
(2) root of the tail is reserved seed for planting;
(3) plant on the spot;
(4) field management;
(5) pick and process.
2. the implantation methods of banksia rose continuous cropping high yield according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described selection of land is specially wholely: select soil layer deep, fertile, well-drained sand loam, after choosing ground, banksia rose acrial part branches and leaves, weeds etc. discarded after gathering upper one batch plough under when ploughing in soil, as base manure, soil deeptillage 30 ~ 45cm, rake carefully flattens.
3. the implantation methods of banksia rose continuous cropping high yield according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, further, the requirement of described selection of land is as follows: select milpa height above sea level to be 1700 ~ 2200m, year samming 5.6 ~ 11 DEG C, the maximum air temperature 35 DEG C, the minimum air temperature-10 DEG C, >=10 DEG C of annual accumution 4500 ~ 5500 DEG C, annual precipitation 800 ~ 1100mm, the region of 150 ~ 180 days frost-free seasons, selects that soil layer is deep, that the soil is porous is fertile, draining is good, and pH value is the plantation of the subacidity of 6.0 ~ 7.0, neutral sandy loam or loam.
4. the implantation methods of banksia rose continuous cropping high yield according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described root of the tail is reserved seed for planting and is specially: when gathering banksia rose medicinal material 10 ~ November, after main root is excavated, choose healthy and strong, fresh, outward appearance not damaged, free from insect pests, to go mouldy, length is 10 ~ 15cm, diameter be the root of the tail of more than 0.5cm as kind of a root, the root of the tail as kind of root must with fibrous root.
5. the implantation methods of banksia rose continuous cropping high yield according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described plantation is on the spot specially: take the mode with digging with planting to carry out during plantation, and the strain of a brood of plantation root of the tail 1 ~ 2, plants root and be tiltedly put in nest, tiltedly put angle at 15 °; By line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 20cm plants, and the benefit of this line space is that after growing tall envelope ridge to the banksia rose, cover weeds, covered by the topsoil routed up when excavating after plantation, thickness is about 5cm ~ 10cm, waters in time when meeting arid.
6. the implantation methods of banksia rose continuous cropping high yield according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described field management is specially: in the whole process of growth of the banksia rose, carry out artificial weeding twice, Lao Ye scissors withered and yellow for banksia rose plant is cut from stem, in order to ventilation and penetrating light simultaneously; Water in time during growing period drought, note water drainage rainy season.
7. the implantation methods of banksia rose continuous cropping high yield according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, the mode of described weeding is specially: first time, in 4 ~ May of spring, is now the growth animated period of weeds; Second time 7 ~ August in the fall.
8. the implantation methods of banksia rose continuous cropping high yield according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, requirement of applying fertilizer in described field management process is: at plantation Second Year mid or late March, evenly apply well-rotted farmyard manure 1000 ~ 1200kg/ mu, composite fertilizer's 25 ~ 30kg/ mu as base fertilizer, after removing field stubble, weeds, manage railway carriage or compartment bedding; Topdress to divide First Year late May, mid-July and mid-May next year after planting in conjunction with intertill and clean tillage and impose on root with urea and composite fertilizer 3 times, the amount of imposing is urea 20 ~ 30kg/ mu at every turn, composite fertilizer 30 ~ 40kg/ mu.
9. the implantation methods of banksia rose continuous cropping high yield according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described pick and process is specially: at the other dark plane of strain, dig full root, cut residual stem, remove earth and fibrous root, the good root of the tail of growth selection is as kind of a root simultaneously; Main root is cut into the section that 10 ~ 15cm is long, reed head diameter becomes 2 ~ 4 pieces in more than 5cm rip cutting, dries or dries with baking a heatable brick bed; Rub with the hands after dry and remove tertia, i.e. hyoscine.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101779564A (en) * | 2010-03-08 | 2010-07-21 | 丽江华利生物开发药业有限公司 | Integrated control method of radix saussureae lappae root riot |
| CN101785397A (en) * | 2010-03-08 | 2010-07-28 | 丽江华利生物开发药业有限公司 | High-quality and high-yield cultivation method for aucklandia lappa decne |
| CN101878715A (en) * | 2010-07-06 | 2010-11-10 | 云南省农业科学院高山经济植物研究所 | Saussurea lappa fine variety breeding method |
| CN102972180A (en) * | 2012-12-03 | 2013-03-20 | 重庆市中药研究院 | Autumn sowing planting method for radix aucklandiae in southwest high attitude area |
-
2015
- 2015-12-04 CN CN201510884337.8A patent/CN105409555A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101779564A (en) * | 2010-03-08 | 2010-07-21 | 丽江华利生物开发药业有限公司 | Integrated control method of radix saussureae lappae root riot |
| CN101785397A (en) * | 2010-03-08 | 2010-07-28 | 丽江华利生物开发药业有限公司 | High-quality and high-yield cultivation method for aucklandia lappa decne |
| CN101878715A (en) * | 2010-07-06 | 2010-11-10 | 云南省农业科学院高山经济植物研究所 | Saussurea lappa fine variety breeding method |
| CN102972180A (en) * | 2012-12-03 | 2013-03-20 | 重庆市中药研究院 | Autumn sowing planting method for radix aucklandiae in southwest high attitude area |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 王恩耀: "云木香栽培技术", 《农村实用技术》 * |
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Application publication date: 20160323 |