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CN105353210B - A kind of highly sensitive big bandwidth photon microwave frequency measurement apparatus and method - Google Patents

A kind of highly sensitive big bandwidth photon microwave frequency measurement apparatus and method Download PDF

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CN105353210B
CN105353210B CN201510771083.9A CN201510771083A CN105353210B CN 105353210 B CN105353210 B CN 105353210B CN 201510771083 A CN201510771083 A CN 201510771083A CN 105353210 B CN105353210 B CN 105353210B
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light
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CN105353210A (en
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韩秀友
赵明山
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Dalian University of Technology
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    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R23/00Arrangements for measuring frequencies; Arrangements for analysing frequency spectra
    • G01R23/02Arrangements for measuring frequency, e.g. pulse repetition rate; Arrangements for measuring period of current or voltage

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  • Optical Modulation, Optical Deflection, Nonlinear Optics, Optical Demodulation, Optical Logic Elements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of highly sensitive big bandwidth photon microwave frequency measurement apparatus and method, belong to microwave photon technology field.Electro-optic phase modulator, image intensifer, optical notch filter, photodetector, electric amplifier, electric shunt and electric combiner form oscillating loop in the device, image intensifer and electric amplifier have the function that circulating power amplification to the signal transmitted in oscillating loop, the measurement for inputting faint microwave signal to be measured is realized, there is high sensitivity.Without electrical filter in the device, therefore do not limited by the bandwidth of electrical filter, the frequency range of tunable laser output light-wave and the filter response bandwidth of optical notch filter can realize that the microwave frequency in big bandwidth range measures up to hundreds of GHz.Solve the problems, such as that photon microwave frequency measurement apparatus is complicated in the prior art, sensitivity is low, measurement range is small.

Description

A kind of highly sensitive big bandwidth photon microwave frequency measurement apparatus and method
Technical field
The invention belongs to microwave photon technology field, and in particular to a kind of highly sensitive big bandwidth photon microwave frequency measurement dress Put and method.
Background technology
Microwave frequency measurement is an important technology in the fields such as radio astronomy, electronic warfare.It is quick with microwave art Development, the frequency range of microwave operational climb up and up, and almost span 2MHz to 300GHz frequency range.Traditional electronic frequency measurement side Method, such as multichannel method, frequency-discrimination method, interferometer phase comparing method, standing wave Phase Demodulation, because by by devices such as frequency mixer, wave filters Electronic bottleneck and instant bandwidth limitation, it is difficult to can meet in the application such as following survey of deep space, electronic countermeasure to unknown microwave signal A wide range of, the requirement that quick and precisely measures of monitoring.
Photonic propulsion is combined with microwave and caused microwave photon technology carries for a wide range of accurate measurement of microwave frequency Good means have been supplied, the advantages such as the big bandwidth of light, low-loss, tunable, reusable can be made full use of, while have been had good Electromagnetism interference performance.It is currently based on microwave photon technology and realizes that the method for microwave frequency measurement is broadly divided into three kinds:(1) base Measured in the photon microwave frequency of frequency to space reflection;(2) the photon microwave frequency measurement based on frequency to time map; (3) the photon microwave frequency measurement mapped based on frequency to power.
First technology [1] (S.T.Winnall, A.C.Lindsay, M.W.Austin, J.Canning and A.Mitchell,“A microwave channelizer and spectroscope based on an integrated optical Bragg-grating Fabry–Perot”,IEEE Transactions on Microwave Technology And Techniques, Vol.54, No.2, pp.868-872, Feb.2006) it have studied the photon to space reflection based on frequency Microwave frequency measuring method.Using integrated waveguide grating Fabry-Perot-type cavity (BGFP) and integrated waveguide Fresnel Lenses by light The narrow band signal that microwave signal is divided into many roads on frequency domain is carried, these narrow band signals separate in space, pass through photodetection Device array received realizes that microwave frequency measures per narrow band signal all the way.By integrated waveguide grating Fabry-Perot-type cavity (BGFP) Limited with the light splitting ability of integrated waveguide Fresnel Lenses, the program fails to realize the microwave frequency measurement of big frequency range.
First technology [2] (L.V.T.Nguyen, " Microwave photonic technique for frequency measurement of simultaneous signals”,IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, Vol.21, No.10, pp.642-644, May 2009) it have studied the photon microwave frequency measurement side based on frequency to time map Method.Using the dispersion characteristics of chirped fiber grating, the wideband microwave signal received is modulated on light carrier, into chirped light Fine grating transmission, the spread speed in chirped fiber grating is different because of dispersion for the light of different frequency, caused time rising edge Difference, by the frequency for adjudicating rising edge detection input microwave signal.The measuring method needs the photoswitch of high speed as frequency The reference gate of measurement, system architecture are complicated;Measurable microwave frequency range is limited by chirped fiber grating dispersion values, while by Influenceed in by chirped fiber grating delay jitter, measurement error is big.
First technology [3] (X.Han, S.Zhang, C.Tong, N.Shi, Y.Gu, M.Zhao, " A photonic approach to microwave frequency measurement with extended range based on Phase modulation ", Chinese Optics Letters, Vol.11, No.5,050604, May 2013) it have studied base In the photon microwave frequency measuring method that frequency to power maps.Cause to export microwave signal power with transmission using fibre-optical dispersion The characteristic that fiber distance changes and changed, input microwave signal frequency is constructed with exporting reflecting for microwave signal power ratio Penetrate relation.Detected by microwave power and do ratio data processing, obtain the frequency values of input microwave signal.Despite the use of two Mapping relations of the level optical fiber transport channel structure microwave frequency with exporting microwave power ratio, are there is frequency measurement scope Effect lifting, but as the reduction of input microwave signal power, the measurement error of this method can increase, it is difficult to realize to faint micro- The detection of ripple signal.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of highly sensitive big bandwidth photon microwave frequency measurement apparatus and method, effectively solves background technology The problems such as sensitivity of middle photon microwave frequency measurement is low, measurement range is small.
The technical scheme is that:A kind of highly sensitive big bandwidth photon microwave frequency measurement apparatus, including it is tunable sharp Light device 1, electro-optic phase modulator 2, image intensifer 3, optical notch filter 4, photodetector 5, electric amplifier 6, electric branch Device 7, electric combiner 8, microwave power meter 9 and data acquisition and control unit 10;
Described tunable laser 1, electro-optic phase modulator 2, image intensifer 3, optical notch filter 4 and photoelectricity is visited Survey device 5 and pass sequentially through optical fiber connection;
Described photodetector 5, electric amplifier 6, electric shunt 7 and electric combiner 8 passes sequentially through cable connection;It is described Electro-optic phase modulator 2, image intensifer 3, optical notch filter 4, photodetector 5, electric amplifier 6, the and of electric shunt 7 Electric combiner 8 is sequentially connected composition loop;
3rd port 73 of described electric combiner 7 passes through cable connection with microwave power meter 9;
Described tunable laser 1 and microwave power meter 9 is connected by data wire with data acquisition with control unit 10;
The filter response of described optical notch filter 4 is the bandpass filtering waveform that there is trap at center, the center of trap Frequency is fN
A kind of side that highly sensitive photon microwave frequency measurement is realized with highly sensitive big bandwidth photon microwave frequency measurement apparatus Method, step are as follows:
The output frequency of tunable laser 1 is fCLight carrier input to the light input end mouth of electro-optic phase modulator 2, treat Second port 82 of the microwave signal through electric combiner 8 is surveyed to input to the rf inputs mouth of electro-optic phase modulator 2, in electric light phase Microwave signal is modulated on light carrier in the modulator 2 of position;The output phase of electro-optic phase modulator 2 modulation light carries microwave signal;Phase Position modulation light carries microwave signal and is amplified into optical notch filter 4 through image intensifer 3;Optical notch filter 4 filters out phase Position modulation light carries the lower sideband of microwave signal, exports single sideband singal;Single sideband singal is transferred into photodetector 5 and carried out Opto-electronic conversion;The microwave telecommunication number that photodetector 5 exports is amplified into the first port of electric shunt 7 through electric amplifier 6 71;3rd port 83 of the electric combiner 8 of microwave telecommunication entrance that the second port 72 of electric shunt 7 exports;Electric combiner 8 The microwave telecommunication number that first port 81 exports is inputted to the rf inputs mouth of electro-optic phase modulator 2.
Data acquisition exports the frequency f of light carrier with the output control signal of control unit 10 regulation tunable laser 1C, It is set to meet following relation
fC=fRF+fN (1)
Under conditions of formula (1) is met, microwave signal to be measured is fallen into electro-optic phase modulator 2, image intensifer 3, optics Round-trip transmission in the loop that wave filter 4, photodetector 5, electric amplifier 6, electric shunt 7 and electric combiner 8 connect and compose.
The microwave telecommunication number of the 3rd port 73 output of electric shunt 7 is transmitted to microwave power meter 9;Microwave power meter 9 is visited The performance number of the microwave is measured by data line transfer to data acquisition and control unit 10.
When the gain of above-mentioned loop is more than loss, the performance number of the microwave signal be higher than system noise, data acquisition and The optical carrier frequency f that control unit 10 exports according to tunable laser 1CWith the trap centre frequency f of optical notch filterN, The frequency values of microwave signal to be measured are calculated by formula (1)
fRF=fC-fN (2)
The frequency of the microwave signal to be measured of input is determined according to formula (2).
Under conditions of formula (1) is met, electro-optic phase modulator 2, image intensifer 3, optical notch filter 4, photoelectricity Detector 5, electric amplifier 6, electric shunt 7 and electric combiner 8 form oscillating loop.Image intensifer 4 and electric amplifier 7 are to shaking Swinging the signal transmitted in loop has the function that circulating power amplification, realizes the measurement for inputting faint microwave signal to be measured, therefore With high sensitivity.
Described optical notch filter 4, is made up of optical circulator 41 and phase-shifted fiber grating 42.
The highly sensitive big bandwidth photon microwave frequency measurement apparatus, it realizes the original of big bandwidth photon microwave frequency measurement Reason is as follows:
The device can realize that the scope of frequency measurement exports optical carrier frequency f by tunable laser 1CAdjustable range With the filter response bandwidth and trap centre frequency f of optical notch filter 4NDetermine.The light that electro-optic phase modulator 2 exports carries Microwave signal filters out light within the filter response bandwidth of optical notch filter 4, by optical notch filter 4 and carries microwave Lower sideband, opto-electronic conversion output microwave telecommunication number is carried out by photodetector 5.Microwave telecommunication number is through electric shunt 7, electric combining Device 8 enters oscillating loop, is vibrated by the circulation of loop, loop gain is more than loss, and the 3rd port 73 of electric shunt 7 exports Microwave telecommunication number, transmit to microwave power meter 9.Data acquisition collects microwave power meter 9 with control unit 10 and detects what is obtained Microwave signal power value, the frequency of microwave signal to be measured is determined by formula (2).The filter response bandwidth of optical notch filter 4 In hundreds of GHz, the output optical carrier frequency tuning range of tunable laser is also hundreds of GHz, therefore the arrangement achieves big The measurement of microwave signal frequency in bandwidth range.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) the highly sensitive big bandwidth photon microwave frequency measurement apparatus of the present invention and method, using electro-optic phase modulator, light Amplifier, optical notch filter, photodetector, electric amplifier, electric shunt and electric combiner form oscillating loop, and light is put Big device and electric amplifier have the function that circulating power amplification to the signal transmitted in oscillating loop, realize that input is to be measured faint The measurement of microwave signal, there is high sensitivity.
(2) the highly sensitive big bandwidth photon microwave frequency measurement apparatus of the present invention and method, are exported using tunable laser The difference of the frequency of light carrier and the trap centre frequency of optical notch filter determines the frequency of microwave signal to be measured, the dress Middle no electrical filter is put, therefore is not limited by the bandwidth of electrical filter, the frequency range and light of tunable laser output light-wave The filter response bandwidth for learning notch filter reaches GHz up to a hundred, therefore can realize that the microwave frequency in big bandwidth range measures.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the highly sensitive big bandwidth photon microwave frequency measurement apparatus structure chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the electric shunt structure chart in the highly sensitive big bandwidth photon microwave frequency measurement apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the electric combiner structure figure in the highly sensitive big bandwidth photon microwave frequency measurement apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the notch filter structure chart in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the spectrogram at A, B and C in the notch filter in the embodiment of the present invention.
In figure:
1- tunable laser;2- electro-optic phase modulators;3- image intensifers;4- optical notch filters;5- photoelectricity is visited Survey device;6- electric amplifiers;7- electric shunts;8- electricity combiners;9- microwave power meters;10- data acquisitions and control unit;
The first port of 71- electric shunts 7;The second port of 72- electric shunts 7;3rd port of 73- electric shunts 7;
The first port of 81- electricity combiner 8;The second port of 82- electricity combiner 8;3rd port of 83- electricity combiner 8;
Optical circulator in 41- notch filters;Phase-shifted fiber grating in 42- notch filters.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in figure 1, the highly sensitive big bandwidth photon microwave frequency measurement apparatus of the present invention includes:Tunable laser 1, electricity Optical phase modulator 2, image intensifer 3, optical notch filter 4, photodetector 5, electric amplifier 6, electric shunt 7, electricity close Road device 8, microwave power meter 9, data acquisition and control unit 10.
Tunable laser 1, electro-optic phase modulator 2, image intensifer 3, optical notch filter 4, photodetector 5 according to It is secondary to be connected by optical fiber;
Photodetector 5, electric amplifier 6, electric shunt 7, electric combiner 8 pass sequentially through cable connection;
Electro-optic phase modulator 2, image intensifer 3, optical notch filter 4, photodetector 5, electric amplifier 6, electricity point Road device 7 and electric combiner 8 are sequentially connected composition loop;
3rd port 73 of electric combiner 7 passes through cable connection with microwave power meter 9;
Tunable laser 1, microwave power meter 9 are connected by data wire with data acquisition with control unit 10;
Embodiment
Fig. 4 is optical notch filter 4 used by the embodiment of the present invention, by optical circulator 41 and phase-shifted fiber grating 42 Form.
The output frequency of tunable laser 1 is fCLight carrier input to the light input end mouth of electro-optic phase modulator 2, treat Second port 82 of the microwave signal through electric combiner 8 is surveyed to input to the rf inputs mouth of electro-optic phase modulator 2, in electric light phase Microwave signal is modulated on light carrier in the modulator 2 of position;The output phase of electro-optic phase modulator 2 modulation light carries microwave signal.Phase Position modulation light carries microwave signal and is amplified into optical notch filter 4 through image intensifer 3;Fig. 5 gives light and carries microwave signal The spectrogram at A, B, C in optical notch filter 4, trap centre frequency fNThe low frequency side of microwave is carried with phase modulated light Band fC-fRFOverlap.Optical notch filter 4 filters out the lower sideband that phase modulated light carries microwave signal, exports single sideband singal. Single sideband singal is transferred into photodetector 5 and carries out opto-electronic conversion;The microwave telecommunication number that photodetector 5 exports is through electrically amplified Device 6 is amplified into the first port 71 of electric shunt 7;The microwave telecommunication number that the second port 72 of electric shunt 7 exports enters 3rd port 83 of electric combiner 8;The microwave telecommunication number that the first port 81 of electric combiner 8 exports is inputted to electric light phase-modulation The rf inputs mouth of device 2.
Data acquisition exports the frequency f of light carrier with the output control signal of control unit 10 regulation tunable laser 1C, It is set to meet following relation
fC=fRF+fN (1)
Under conditions of formula (1) is met, microwave signal to be measured is fallen into electro-optic phase modulator 2, image intensifer 3, optics Round-trip transmission in the loop that wave filter 4, photodetector 5, electric amplifier 6, electric shunt 7, electric combiner 8 connect and compose.
The microwave telecommunication number of the 3rd port 73 output of electric shunt 7 is transmitted to microwave power meter 9;Microwave power meter 9 is visited The performance number of the microwave is measured by data line transfer to data acquisition and control unit 10.
Image intensifer and electric amplifier in adjusting means so that when the gain of loop is more than loss, the of electric shunt 7 The performance number of the microwave signal of three ports 73 output is higher than system noise, and the detection of microwave power meter 9 obtains the microwave signal power Value.The optical carrier frequency f that data acquisition exports with control unit 10 according to tunable laser 1CWith optical notch filter Trap centre frequency fN, handled by formula 3 and obtain the frequency values of microwave signal to be measured
fRF=fC-fN (2)
The frequency of the microwave signal to be measured of input is determined according to formula (2).
Above content is to combine the further description that optimal technical scheme is done to the present invention, it is impossible to assert invention Specific implementation is only limitted to these explanations.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention, the present invention is not being departed from Design on the premise of, can also make it is simple deduce and replace, should all be considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

  1. A kind of 1. highly sensitive big bandwidth photon microwave frequency measurement apparatus, it is characterised in that described highly sensitive big bandwidth photon Microwave frequency measurement apparatus includes tunable laser (1), electro-optic phase modulator (2), image intensifer (3), optical notch filter Ripple device (4), photodetector (5), electric amplifier (6), electric shunt (7), electric combiner (8), microwave power meter (9) and data Collection and control unit (10);
    Described tunable laser (1), electro-optic phase modulator (2), image intensifer (3), optical notch filter (4) and light Electric explorer (5) passes sequentially through optical fiber connection;
    Described photodetector (5), electric amplifier (6), electric shunt (7) and electric combiner (8) passes sequentially through cable connection; Described electro-optic phase modulator (2), image intensifer (3), optical notch filter (4), photodetector (5), electric amplifier (6), electric shunt (7) and electric combiner (8) are sequentially connected composition loop;
    3rd port (73) of described electric shunt (7) passes through cable connection with microwave power meter (9);
    Described tunable laser (1) and microwave power meter (9) passes through data wire and data acquisition and control unit (10) phase Even;
    Described optical notch filter (4), is made up of optical circulator (41) and phase-shifted fiber grating (42).
  2. 2. highly sensitive big bandwidth photon microwave frequency measurement apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described light The filter response for learning notch filter (4) is the bandpass filtering waveform that there is trap at center, and the centre frequency of trap is fN
  3. 3. a kind of highly sensitive big bandwidth photon microwave frequency measurement apparatus with described in claim 1 or 2 realizes highly sensitive photon The method of microwave frequency measurement, it is characterised in that step is as follows:
    Tunable laser (1) output frequency is fCLight carrier input to the light input end mouth of electro-optic phase modulator (2), treat Second port (82) of the microwave signal through electric combiner (8) is surveyed to input to the rf inputs mouth of electro-optic phase modulator (2), Microwave signal is modulated on light carrier in electro-optic phase modulator (2);Electro-optic phase modulator (2) output phase modulation light carries micro- Ripple signal;Phase modulated light carries microwave signal and is amplified into optical notch filter (4) through image intensifer (3);Optical notch Wave filter (4) filters out the lower sideband that phase modulated light carries microwave signal, exports single sideband singal;Single sideband singal is transferred into Photodetector (5) carries out opto-electronic conversion;The microwave telecommunication number of photodetector (5) output amplifies laggard through electric amplifier (6) Enter the first port (71) of electric shunt (7);The microwave telecommunication number of second port (72) output of electric shunt (7) enters electricity and closed 3rd port (83) of road device (8);The microwave telecommunication number of first port (81) output of electric combiner (8) is inputted to electric light phase The rf inputs mouth of modulator (2);
    Data acquisition and the frequency f of control unit (10) output control signal regulation tunable laser (1) output light carrierC, make It meets following relation
    fC=fRF+fN (1)
    Under conditions of formula (1) is met, microwave signal to be measured is fallen into electro-optic phase modulator (2), image intensifer (3), optics The loop that wave filter (4), photodetector (5), electric amplifier (6), electric shunt (7) and electric combiner (8) connect and compose Middle round-trip transmission;
    The microwave telecommunication number of the 3rd port (73) output of electric shunt (7) is transmitted to microwave power meter (9);Microwave power meter (9) detection obtains the performance number of the microwave by data line transfer to data acquisition and control unit (10);
    When the gain of above-mentioned loop is more than loss, the performance number of the microwave signal is higher than system noise, data acquisition and control The optical carrier frequency f that unit (10) exports according to tunable laser (1)CWith the trap centre frequency f of optical notch filterN, The frequency values of microwave signal to be measured are calculated by formula (1)
    fRF=fC-fN (2)
    The frequency of the microwave signal to be measured of input is determined according to formula (2);
    Under conditions of formula (1) is met, electro-optic phase modulator (2), image intensifer (3), optical notch filter (4), light Electric explorer (5), electric amplifier (6), electric shunt (7) and electric combiner (8) form oscillating loop;Image intensifer (3) and electricity Amplifier (6) has the function that circulating power amplification to the signal transmitted in oscillating loop, realizes and inputs faint microwave to be measured The measurement of signal.
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CN110082591B (en) * 2019-03-29 2021-05-25 华东师范大学 Large-bandwidth high-precision microwave frequency measuring device and method
CN111835427B (en) * 2020-07-22 2021-06-15 四川省人民医院 Signal frequency measurement implementation system and method for single photon sampling

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