CN105284723A - 一种甲鱼生态养殖管理的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种甲鱼生态养殖管理的方法,涉及水产养殖技术改造技术领域,其特征在于:包括以下步骤,养殖池建造、幼甲鱼的培育、卵的孵化、幼甲鱼喂养、成甲鱼饲养。本发明方法合理、实施方便、配比合理。
Description
技术领域:
本发明涉及水产养殖技术改造技术领域,具体涉及一种甲鱼生态养殖管理的方法。
背景技术:
鳖(AmydaSincnsis)。俗称甲鱼、水鱼、团鱼和王八等,卵生爬行动物,水陆两栖生活。鳖肉味鲜美、营养丰富,有清热养阴,平肝熄风,软坚散结的效果。鳖不仅是餐桌上的美味佳肴,而且是一种用途很广的滋补药品。
而甲鱼养殖的方法多种多样,不同的地域不同的环境有不同的养殖方法,而许多的地方现在在使用的方法都是类似的,但是往往不考虑外界自然因素以及地域问题,容易导致养殖的甲鱼产品质量低下。
发明内容:
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于克服现有的技术缺陷提供一种方法合理、实施方便、配比合理的一种甲鱼生态养殖管理的方法。
本发明所要解决的技术问题采用以下的技术方案来实现:
一种甲鱼生态养殖管理的方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤,
步骤一、养殖池建造:池址要选择日照好,环境安静的地方,集体饲养时池大小为在1-2亩,池深1.8-2.1m,由池中心到岸边形成斜坡,坡度为1:3,坡面宽1.75-2.1m,并铺12-17cm厚度的沙泥,并培植杂草和灌木,以供种甲鱼产卵,池边须用砖石砌成光面的围墙,池底是水泥的,并在上面铺20-30cm的软泥,池中保持水层40-60cm,在放养之前用38-42kg清洁助剂对池进行一次全面清洁;
步骤二、幼甲鱼的培育:
本发明的有益效果为:每年5-8月是甲鱼繁殖的季节,5-6龄甲鱼达性熟期,但作为亲本甲鱼,要选择14龄以上、体重4公斤以上的甲鱼,性成熟的甲鱼,在水温20℃时即可进行交配;在甲鱼产卵期间,每天早晨需检卵一次,裣卵时要注意甲鱼卵的二极,检卵时切忌震动和倒置,卵可放在光下,用肉眼照光,有一白点的为受精卵,无白点的是无精卵,应予剔除;
步骤三、卵的孵化:卵的孵化时间随孵化温度的高低而变化,土温23℃时需80天,26℃时需55天,30℃时需50天;
人工孵化:先用木板制成长60cm,宽30cm,高33cm的孵化箱,箱内装入清洁松软的河砂厚3-5厘米,卵的黄色植物极朝下,白色动物极朝上,间隔2厘米,一个个排列在砂上,然后在卵上盖细砂一层,并使砂保持一定的湿度,要求不积水,少翻动。孵化箱可放在室外通风向阳处,遇大风大雨时搬入室内,夏天烈日遮以竹帘,控制箱内温度,晚上可覆盖薄膜保温,缩小昼夜温差;
步骤四、幼甲鱼喂养:当小甲鱼出壳后,出壳重在3-4g,月龄重9-12g,刚出壳的小甲鱼,带有脐带,不可人为剥去,等卵黄吸收完后,会自行脱落,小甲鱼出壳后,宜放在湿度较大的细砂上先暂养3-5天,然后再移入幼甲鱼池中饲养;幼甲鱼池中,每平方米可养幼甲鱼500-600只,水深10-20cm,水质要保持清新,以浮游生物丰富的绿色水或褐色水为佳1小甲鱼鱼池暂养约1-2个月,长到2-3寸时再移入成甲鱼池饲养;
小甲鱼出壳后第二天即可开食,初时投以虾肉、蚯蚓丝,或将鱼肉绞碎蒸熟,略晒坚实投喂,但切不可喂以咸鱼,否则容易生病,每日喂2次,投喂量为甲鱼体重的17-22%,以上午吃完为度,每天中午喂一次调理剂,而如发现池底残饵多,水色乌黑时,应立即换水;
步骤五、成甲鱼饲养:小甲鱼从幼甲鱼池移入养成池时,一定要按甲鱼大小分池饲养,避免小甲鱼被大甲鱼所吞食,甲鱼的饲养密度,在1.2-1.65m2,1龄甲鱼20-30只,2龄7-20只,3龄3-5只,4-5龄1-3只;甲鱼的食性很杂,对饵要求不高。小鱼、小虾、蚯蚓、田螺、南瓜,野菜、玉米、动物内脏、尸体和屠宰场的下脚料都可以作饲料;每天投饵2次,清晨和中午各一次,干饵投喂量应为甲鱼体重的2~5%,湿鲜饵料,应提高到甲鱼体重的15%;
所述清洁助剂由以下重量份的材料制成,
三聚磷酸钠8份、苹果酸8份、乙二胺四乙酸四钠5份、碘盐4份、一水柠檬酸6份、烷基葡萄糖苷3份、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚3份、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠3份、硅酸铝镁3份、清水20份;
其制备方法为:将上述的材料依次加入搅拌机中,然后静置3分钟后开始搅拌,搅拌14分钟之后,加入3-4ml玫瑰香精,继续搅拌6分钟,然后取出并静置;
所述调理剂由以下重量份的材料制成,
南板蓝根4份、兔儿伞5份、珍珠菜6份、醉鱼草7份、马齿苋8份、广东土牛膝5份、广东狼毒6份、布渣叶7份、白花蛇舌草8份、山大颜9份;
制备方法为:将上述的材料用清水冲洗1-2分钟,然后放在通风的地方静置30分钟,然后放入粉碎设备中粉碎成颗粒状,然后放在干燥、阴暗的地方静置备用;
所述调理剂的量为每天喂食总量的1/6。
其制备方法为:在步骤中加入了清洁助剂和调理剂,其中调理剂是在喂养的时候增加甲鱼的体质,调理剂是中药材能够在增加体质的同时使甲鱼带有一点点的药性,并且中药能够起到提高水质的作用,而清洁助剂就是进一步清洁池塘,并且杀菌,保证长时间池塘的细菌量的增长缓慢。本发明方法合理、实施方便、配比合理。
具体实施方式:
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解,下面进一步阐述本发明。
一种甲鱼生态养殖管理的方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤,
步骤一、养殖池建造:池址要选择日照好,环境安静的地方,集体饲养时池大小为在1-2亩,池深1.8-2.1m,由池中心到岸边形成斜坡,坡度为1:3,坡面宽1.75-2.1m,并铺12-17cm厚度的沙泥,并培植杂草和灌木,以供种甲鱼产卵,池边须用砖石砌成光面的围墙,池底是水泥的,并在上面铺20-30cm的软泥,池中保持水层40-60cm,在放养之前用38-42kg清洁助剂对池进行一次全面清洁;
步骤二、幼甲鱼的培育:
本发明的有益效果为:每年5-8月是甲鱼繁殖的季节,5-6龄甲鱼达性熟期,但作为亲本甲鱼,要选择14龄以上、体重4公斤以上的甲鱼,性成熟的甲鱼,在水温20℃时即可进行交配;在甲鱼产卵期间,每天早晨需检卵一次,裣卵时要注意甲鱼卵的二极,检卵时切忌震动和倒置,卵可放在光下,用肉眼照光,有一白点的为受精卵,无白点的是无精卵,应予剔除;
步骤三、卵的孵化:卵的孵化时间随孵化温度的高低而变化,土温23℃时需80天,26℃时需55天,30℃时需50天;
人工孵化:先用木板制成长60cm,宽30cm,高33cm的孵化箱,箱内装入清洁松软的河砂厚3-5厘米,卵的黄色植物极朝下,白色动物极朝上,间隔2厘米,一个个排列在砂上,然后在卵上盖细砂一层,并使砂保持一定的湿度,要求不积水,少翻动。孵化箱可放在室外通风向阳处,遇大风大雨时搬入室内,夏天烈日遮以竹帘,控制箱内温度,晚上可覆盖薄膜保温,缩小昼夜温差;
步骤四、幼甲鱼喂养:当小甲鱼出壳后,出壳重在3-4g,月龄重9-12g,刚出壳的小甲鱼,带有脐带,不可人为剥去,等卵黄吸收完后,会自行脱落,小甲鱼出壳后,宜放在湿度较大的细砂上先暂养3-5天,然后再移入幼甲鱼池中饲养;幼甲鱼池中,每平方米可养幼甲鱼500-600只,水深10-20cm,水质要保持清新,以浮游生物丰富的绿色水或褐色水为佳1小甲鱼鱼池暂养约1-2个月,长到2-3寸时再移入成甲鱼池饲养;
小甲鱼出壳后第二天即可开食,初时投以虾肉、蚯蚓丝,或将鱼肉绞碎蒸熟,略晒坚实投喂,但切不可喂以咸鱼,否则容易生病,每日喂2次,投喂量为甲鱼体重的17-22%,以上午吃完为度,每天中午喂一次调理剂,而如发现池底残饵多,水色乌黑时,应立即换水;
步骤五、成甲鱼饲养:小甲鱼从幼甲鱼池移入养成池时,一定要按甲鱼大小分池饲养,避免小甲鱼被大甲鱼所吞食,甲鱼的饲养密度,在1.2-1.65m2,1龄甲鱼20-30只,2龄7-20只,3龄3-5只,4-5龄1-3只;甲鱼的食性很杂,对饵要求不高。小鱼、小虾、蚯蚓、田螺、南瓜,野菜、玉米、动物内脏、尸体和屠宰场的下脚料都可以作饲料;每天投饵2次,清晨和中午各一次,干饵投喂量应为甲鱼体重的2~5%,湿鲜饵料,应提高到甲鱼体重的15%;
所述清洁助剂由以下重量份的材料制成,
三聚磷酸钠8份、苹果酸8份、乙二胺四乙酸四钠5份、碘盐4份、一水柠檬酸6份、烷基葡萄糖苷3份、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚3份、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠3份、硅酸铝镁3份、清水20份;
其制备方法为:将上述的材料依次加入搅拌机中,然后静置3分钟后开始搅拌,搅拌14分钟之后,加入3-4ml玫瑰香精,继续搅拌6分钟,然后取出并静置;
所述调理剂由以下重量份的材料制成,
南板蓝根4份、兔儿伞5份、珍珠菜6份、醉鱼草7份、马齿苋8份、广东土牛膝5份、广东狼毒6份、布渣叶7份、白花蛇舌草8份、山大颜9份;
制备方法为:将上述的材料用清水冲洗1-2分钟,然后放在通风的地方静置30分钟,然后放入粉碎设备中粉碎成颗粒状,然后放在干燥、阴暗的地方静置备用;
所述调理剂的量为每天喂食总狼的1/6。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下,本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。
Claims (4)
1.一种甲鱼生态养殖管理的方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤,
步骤一、养殖池建造:池址要选择日照好,环境安静的地方,集体饲养时池大小为在1-2亩,池深1.8-2.1m,由池中心到岸边形成斜坡,坡度为1:3,坡面宽1.75-2.1m,并铺12-17cm厚度的沙泥,并培植杂草和灌木,以供种甲鱼产卵,池边须用砖石砌成光面的围墙,池底是水泥的,并在上面铺20-30cm的软泥,池中保持水层40-60cm,在放养之前用38-42kg清洁助剂对池进行一次全面清洁;
步骤二、幼甲鱼的培育:
本发明的有益效果为:每年5-8月是甲鱼繁殖的季节,5-6龄甲鱼达性熟期,但作为亲本甲鱼,要选择14龄以上、体重4公斤以上的甲鱼,性成熟的甲鱼,在水温20℃时即可进行交配;在甲鱼产卵期间,每天早晨需检卵一次,裣卵时要注意甲鱼卵的二极,检卵时切忌震动和倒置,卵可放在光下,用肉眼照光,有一白点的为受精卵,无白点的是无精卵,应予剔除;
步骤三、卵的孵化:卵的孵化时间随孵化温度的高低而变化,土温23℃时需80天,26℃时需55天,30℃时需50天;
人工孵化:先用木板制成长60cm,宽30cm,高33cm的孵化箱,箱内装入清洁松软的河砂厚3-5厘米,卵的黄色植物极朝下,白色动物极朝上,间隔2厘米,一个个排列在砂上,然后在卵上盖细砂一层,并使砂保持一定的湿度,要求不积水,少翻动。孵化箱可放在室外通风向阳处,遇大风大雨时搬入室内,夏天烈日遮以竹帘,控制箱内温度,晚上可覆盖薄膜保温,缩小昼夜温差;
步骤四、幼甲鱼喂养:当小甲鱼出壳后,出壳重在3-4g,月龄重9-12g,刚出壳的小甲鱼,带有脐带,不可人为剥去,等卵黄吸收完后,会自行脱落,小甲鱼出壳后,宜放在湿度较大的细砂上先暂养3-5天,然后再移入幼甲鱼池中饲养;幼甲鱼池中,每平方米可养幼甲鱼500-600只,水深10-20cm,水质要保持清新,以浮游生物丰富的绿色水或褐色水为佳1小甲鱼鱼池暂养约1-2个月,长到2-3寸时再移入成甲鱼池饲养;
小甲鱼出壳后第二天即可开食,初时投以虾肉、蚯蚓丝,或将鱼肉绞碎蒸熟,略晒坚实投喂,但切不可喂以咸鱼,否则容易生病,每日喂2次,投喂量为甲鱼体重的17-22%,以上午吃完为度,每天中午喂一次调理剂,而如发现池底残饵多,水色乌黑时,应立即换水;
步骤五、成甲鱼饲养:小甲鱼从幼甲鱼池移入养成池时,一定要按甲鱼大小分池饲养,避免小甲鱼被大甲鱼所吞食,甲鱼的饲养密度,在1.2-1.65m2,1龄甲鱼20-30只,2龄7-20只,3龄3-5只,4-5龄1-3只;甲鱼的食性很杂,对饵要求不高。小鱼、小虾、蚯蚓、田螺、南瓜,野菜、玉米、动物内脏、尸体和屠宰场的下脚料都可以作饲料;每天投饵2次,清晨和中午各一次,干饵投喂量应为甲鱼体重的2~5%,湿鲜饵料,应提高到甲鱼体重的15%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种甲鱼生态养殖管理的方法,其特征在于:所述清洁助剂由以下重量份的材料制成,
三聚磷酸钠8份、苹果酸8份、乙二胺四乙酸四钠5份、碘盐4份、一水柠檬酸6份、烷基葡萄糖苷3份、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚3份、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠3份、硅酸铝镁3份、清水20份;
其制备方法为:将上述的材料依次加入搅拌机中,然后静置3分钟后开始搅拌,搅拌14分钟之后,加入3-4ml玫瑰香精,继续搅拌6分钟,然后取出并静置。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种甲鱼生态养殖管理的方法,其特征在于:所述调理剂由以下重量份的材料制成,
南板蓝根4份、兔儿伞5份、珍珠菜6份、醉鱼草7份、马齿苋8份、广东土牛膝5份、广东狼毒6份、布渣叶7份、白花蛇舌草8份、山大颜9份;
制备方法为:将上述的材料用清水冲洗1-2分钟,然后放在通风的地方静置30分钟,然后放入粉碎设备中粉碎成颗粒状,然后放在干燥、阴暗的地方静置备用。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种甲鱼生态养殖管理的方法,其特征在于:所述调理剂的量为每天喂食总狼的1/6。
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