CN105265193B - Cauliflower grafting is reserved seed for planting method - Google Patents
Cauliflower grafting is reserved seed for planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105265193B CN105265193B CN201510827750.0A CN201510827750A CN105265193B CN 105265193 B CN105265193 B CN 105265193B CN 201510827750 A CN201510827750 A CN 201510827750A CN 105265193 B CN105265193 B CN 105265193B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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Abstract
A kind of cauliflower grafting method and step of reserving seed for planting includes：Cabbage mustard is implanted in greenhouse using the 55cm of spacing in the rows 45 as standard in early September nursery by the end of September or at the beginning of 10 months, is pinched during cabbage mustard 30~40cm of plant height；Cultivation cultivation is carried out before the cauliflower load cabbage mustard nursery for needing to reserve seed for planting within 0.5 2 months, and when the bouquet of cauliflower starts loosely, spray starts to carry out grafting during elongation；Every plant of stock selects and remain 2~5 side shoots and carries out grafting；After grafting, using taking Small plastic shed outside the plant after grafting, and suitably shade, sprayed to being carried out at the top of Small plastic shed with surrounding, keep humidity 90% -100%；To prevent from causing disease to infect because temperature is excessive, 800 times of Bravos of spray and streptomysin 1 time daily in 3 days after taking Small plastic shed；Temperature keeps 20 25 DEG C daytime, is gradually increased ventilation and penetrating light after 15 20 DEG C, 3 days of night, grafting plant survives within 6 10 days.The advantages of cauliflower is easily reserved seed for planting, cost is minimum can be made.
Description
Technical field
Reserved seed for planting technical field the present invention relates to cauliflower, and in particular to a kind of cauliflower grafting is reserved seed for planting method.
Background technology
Cauliflower, also known as cauliflower, cauliflower or cauliflower, it is a kind of brassicaceous vegetable, is the mutation of wild cabbage, belongs to 1 year
Raw vegetables.The product organ of cauliflower is the bouquet that the spray of cripetura, floral axis, bud etc. are polymerized, and bouquet is both genitals
Official is nutrient storage organ again；Cauliflower, which reserves seed for planting to need to remain bouquet, is survived the winter, and bouquet is needed by repeatedly cutting ball, dredging
Branch, reserved seed for planting to Second Year pollination of blooming for 3~April.
For the long-term winter minimum temperature in In Middle And Lower Reaches of Changjiang River below 0 DEG C, the cauliflower Curd formation phase is tight to temperature requirement
Lattice, less than 5 DEG C low temperature are met, cold damage just occurs in bouquet, and bouquet is unable to open field soil, can only be reserved seed for planting using greenhouse.In cauliflower
Selection is often very more in the strain number of selective nursery plantation when reserving seed for planting, and the fine individual plant to be reserved seed for planting selected is seldom, need by
After cauliflower plant is transplanted to winter survival in greenhouse, but cauliflower grows bouquet, transplanting survival rate is low, if being directly colonized greenhouse choosing
Kind, greenhouse utilization rate is very low, and cost is very high.
High humidity in another aspect greenhouse, cauliflower wound caused by by repeatedly cutting ball, sparse branching is big, and bouquet is easy to sick
Rot, often seed production is relatively low, or even the fine individual plant chosen is stayed less than seed, has influence on entering for whole breeding work
Journey.
Cabbage mustard belongs to brassicaceous vegetable with cauliflower, but the environmental suitability of cabbage mustard is very strong, and moisture-proof is disease-resistant
Property be all much better than cauliflower, and cabbage mustard is easy to survive, and is easy to sprout side shoot；And how by the cauliflower cabbage mustard phase good with disease resistance
With reference to, so as to successfully solve cauliflower problem of reserving seed for planting, cauliflower is easily reserved seed for planting, cost it is minimum, turn into skill urgently to be resolved hurrily
Art problem.
The content of the invention
The present invention reserves seed for planting the above-mentioned deficiency of technology for existing cauliflower, there is provided one kind can make cauliflower easily reserve seed for planting, into
This minimum cauliflower grafting is reserved seed for planting method.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of cauliflower grafting is reserved seed for planting method, with
Cauliflower bouquet using cabbage mustard as stock, cauliflower bouquet is grafted onto on cabbage mustard, specific preparation process bag as scion
Include：
(1) cabbage mustard at the beginning of early September nursery, by the end of September (late September) or 10 months (early October) using spacing in the rows 45-55cm as
Standard is colonized in greenhouse, and topping is carried out as cabbage mustard 30~40cm of plant height and allows cabbage mustard to sprout more side shoot；
(2) the 0.5-2 months cultivation cultivation is carried out before the cauliflower load cabbage mustard nursery for needing to reserve seed for planting, when the bouquet of cauliflower is opened
Begin loose, spray starts to carry out grafting during elongation；
(3) every plant of stock selects and remain 2~5 side shoots and carries out graftings, and remaining side shoot is destroyed, and selects scion and stock branch during grafting
The consistent cauliflower spray of bar thickness, a diameter of 0.3-0.6cm of scion of selection, grafting is carried out using the method for mitered, then
Fixed with Grafting clip, the wound at grafting will keep cleaning, and cutting the cutter at grafting will be by disinfecting；
(4) after grafting, for prevent scion dehydration wilt, ensure enough humidity and suitable temperature and illumination, using
Plant after grafting takes Small plastic shed outside, and suitably shades, and is sprayed to being carried out at the top of Small plastic shed with surrounding, and holding humidity 90%-
100%；To prevent from causing disease to infect because temperature is excessive, 800 times of Bravos and chain are sprayed daily in 3 days after taking Small plastic shed
Mycin 1 time；Temperature is kept for 20-25 DEG C daytime, at 15-20 DEG C of night, ventilation and penetrating light, 6-10 days grafting plants is gradually increased after 3 days
Survive.
The step of the present invention removes Small plastic shed after also being survived including plant, and plant grows under field conditions (factors)；Mid-December
Start covering non-woven fabrics at night and be incubated frost protection, early Febuary no longer covers non-woven fabrics, and early March starts to bloom, and early June receives
Obtain seed.
Cabbage mustard spacing in the rows described in step (1) of the present invention is preferably 50cm；Facilitate cabbage mustard healthy growth, nutritional ingredient abundance.
The scion of step (3) the of the present invention selection should not it is too thick also should not be too thin, diameter is preferably in 0.5cm；Using this
Directly can be with providing sufficient nutrition as the cabbage mustard of stock, survival rate is high.
Step (4) of the present invention is because scion only obtains a small amount of moisture by the osmosis of stock cambial cell, to prevent
Scion dehydration is wilted, and should ensure that enough humidity and suitable temperature and illumination, and this is to influence the key whether grafting survives, excellent
Choosing uses humidity 95% -98%, and temperature is kept for 23-25 DEG C daytime, 18-20 DEG C of night.
Step (3) every plant of stock of the present invention selects and remain 2 side shoots and carries out grafting, and remaining side shoot is destroyed.So that grafting is easy
In surviving, disease resistance is good.The breeding applied in cauliflower, which is selected, can play good effect in work, guarantee is selected excellent
Good individual plant can be left to seed.
The above-mentioned 800 times of Bravos of the present invention and streptomysin 1 time, i.e., commercially available Bravo or streptomysin, add its weight 800
Water again is diluted the dilution of acquisition, is sprayed.
The advantages of the present invention：
The invention as the nutrition matrix of cauliflower is stock using cabbage mustard, due to the cold-resistant of cabbage mustard and disease-resistant
Property is good, is not easy to fall ill so that cauliflower is easy to reserve seed for planting.Solve the problems, such as that cauliflower transplanting survival rate is low, will can select
To material focus on a greenhouse to reserve seed for planting, improve land utilization ratio and winter management cost so that breeding cost drops significantly
It is low.Original seed fast-propagation can also be made using grafting, the bouquet of a cauliflower can be divided into tens sprigs, pass through grafting
It is transformed into tens by one, so as to reach original seed fast-propagation, shortens breeding breeding year；Compared to traditional cauliflower from
So growth is reserved seed for planting, and its rate of reserving seed for planting increases substantially, and is managed and reduced with cultivated area, greatly reduces cost of reserving seed for planting.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are elaborated below：The present embodiment is lower premised on technical solution of the present invention to be carried out in fact
Apply, give detailed embodiment and specifically operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiments.
Embodiment
Experiment is carried out in Ningbo area, and scion uses cauliflower 3 (No. 3 cauliflowers of timely snow) conventional variety, and stock uses
Green precious cabbage mustard (green precious cabbage mustard).
1st, cauliflower, per 1, cave seed, sows 2 disks in August 1 day with 60 cave seedlings nursing plate seeding and seedling raisings.Determine within 25th in August
Plant in 2, crop field cell, it is determined as cell I, cell II, per 20 plants of cell, it is cell that another 20 plants, which are colonized in greenhouse (not covering canopy film),
Ⅲ.These three cells all use identical farming method.
2nd, cabbage mustard is sowed on the 10th in September, was colonized in greenhouse (not covering canopy film) as standard using spacing in the rows 45-55cm October 5 and is determined
100 plants are planted, November 5, is pinched as cabbage mustard 30~40cm of plant height and promotees its growth lateral bud, the same cauliflower of field management.
3rd, cauliflower in November 25 bouquet it is loose, greenhouse is covered with canopy film, and cell I, III is routinely reserved seed for planting
Method carried out cut November 25.After wound healing, cell I was transplanted to totally 20 plants of greenhouse November 28, covered sunshade
Net, plant remove sunshade net after surviving；Transplanting finally survives 12 plants.
4th, cell II selected one plant entirely to cut down bouquet November 25, then was cut into the grafting knife by sterilization
Sprig, select and remain 2 side shoots and carry out grafting, remaining side shoot is destroyed, is divided into and is cut into 116 sprigs, be grafted onto on cabbage mustard, every plant of cabbage mustard
2 cauliflowers of grafting, it is total to 58 plants of grafting.104 sprigs, graft survival rate 89.7% are survived, wherein one plant of two sprig is all
Do not survive, totally 57 plants.
Grafting main points have：
(1) cabbage mustard and cauliflower is wanted to want spraying fungicide before grafting, cutter will sterilize.
(2) scion is consistent with stock thickness, and branch otch is neat, and scion and stock are fixed with Grafting clip after grafting,
It can not misplace.
(3) Small plastic shed and sunshade net, moisturizing and shade are covered after grafting.Spray, protect to being carried out at the top of Small plastic shed with surrounding
Hold humidity 90% -100%, to prevent from causing disease to infect because temperature is excessive, can be sprayed daily in 3 days 800 times of Bravos and
Streptomysin 1 time.Temperature is kept for 25 DEG C daytime, at 20 DEG C or so of night, ventilation and penetrating light, a general week left side is gradually increased after 3 days
Right can survives.
Cell I survives 12 plants after transplanting, and the grafting later stage of cell II, each cell management mode was identical, started mid-December late
Upper covering non-woven fabrics insulation frost protection, early Febuary no longer cover non-woven fabrics, and early March starts to bloom, early June harvest seed.
Statistical result see the table below shown in 1：
The grafting of 1 embodiment cell of table I-III is reserved seed for planting result
From the present invention experiment and the above results, may indicate that the invention grafting reserve seed for planting cauliflower method tool
Have that transplanting survival rate is low, survival rate 60%, the advantages of graft survival rate 89.7%.And tradition using cauliflower transplant in itself with directly
Connect and be colonized in the liable to illness of greenhouse, because the big blade of cauliflower plant is more, wound is big easily susceptible after cut, plus wet in greenhouse
Degree is big, and susceptible more, plant is easily rotted.And the disease-resistant moisture-proof of cabbage mustard of the present invention is good, wound also very little after grafting, seldom hair
Disease.
Grafting cauliflower single plant yield is relatively low, and because of the sprig of every plant of branch 2 of grafting, the branch of extraction is less, although influenceing
Single plant yield, but grafting is easy to survive, and disease resistance is good.Good work can be played in work is selected in the breeding of cauliflower by applying
With the fine individual plant for ensureing to select can be left to seed.
Cauliflower can harvest 728g seeds by one plant of cauliflower of grafting, and this can be played in cauliflower protospecies breeding
Shorten breeding year, quickly produce production kind, this can not accomplish in method of routinely reserving seed for planting.
Claims (5)
- A kind of method 1. cauliflower grafting is reserved seed for planting, it is characterised in that using cauliflower bouquet as scion, using cabbage mustard as stock, Cauliflower bouquet is grafted onto on cabbage mustard, specific step includes：（1）Cabbage mustard in early September nursery, by the end of September or at the beginning of 10 months using spacing in the rows 45-55cm be standard field planting in greenhouse, work as cabbage mustard Topping is carried out during 30 ~ 40cm of plant height allows cabbage mustard to sprout more side shoot；（2）The 0.5-2 month of the cauliflower for needing to reserve seed for planting before cabbage mustard nursery carries out cultivation cultivation, when the bouquet of cauliflower starts pine Dissipate, spray starts to carry out grafting during elongation；（3）Every plant of stock selects and remain 2 ~ 5 side shoots and carries out graftings, and remaining side shoot is destroyed, and selects scion and stock branch thick during grafting Thin consistent cauliflower spray, a diameter of 0.3-0.6cm of scion of selection, grafting is carried out using the method for mitered, then with transferring Connect it is clamping set, the wound at grafting will keep cleaning, cut grafting at cutter will through disinfecting；（4）After grafting, using taking Small plastic shed outside the plant after grafting, and suitably shade, to being carried out at the top of Small plastic shed with surrounding Spraying, keep humidity 90% -100%；800 times of Bravos of spray and streptomysin 1 time daily in 3 days after taking Small plastic shed；Temperature Daytime is kept for 20-25 DEG C, at 15-20 DEG C of night, ventilation and penetrating light is gradually increased after 3 days, grafting plant survives within 6-10 days；Step is also wrapped Include and Small plastic shed is removed after plant survives, plant grows under field conditions (factors)；It is anti-to start covering non-woven fabrics insulation at night mid-December Frost, early Febuary no longer cover non-woven fabrics, and early March starts to bloom, early June harvest seed.
- The method 2. cauliflower grafting according to claim 1 is reserved seed for planting, it is characterised in that step（1）Described cabbage mustard spacing in the rows For 50cm.
- The method 3. cauliflower grafting according to claim 1 is reserved seed for planting, it is characterised in that step（3）The scion of the selection Diameter is in 0.5cm.
- The method 4. cauliflower grafting according to claim 1 is reserved seed for planting, it is characterised in that step（4）Humidity 95%-98%, Temperature is kept for 23-25 DEG C daytime, 18-20 DEG C of night.
- The method 5. cauliflower grafting according to claim 1 is reserved seed for planting, it is characterised in that step（3）Every plant of stock choosing 2 side shoots are stayed to carry out grafting.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510827750.0A CN105265193B (en) | 2015-11-25 | 2015-11-25 | Cauliflower grafting is reserved seed for planting method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510827750.0A CN105265193B (en) | 2015-11-25 | 2015-11-25 | Cauliflower grafting is reserved seed for planting method |
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| CN105265193B true CN105265193B (en) | 2018-01-09 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110214566A (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2019-09-10 | 福建金品农业科技股份有限公司 | A kind of cauliflower that can improve is reserved seed for planting convenient method |
| CN112314360B (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2023-06-20 | 山东省农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Method for grafting and breeding production seeds of Chinese cabbage by utilizing radish shoots and Chinese cabbage shoots |
| CN114916433B (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2023-09-05 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Breeding method of high-quality disease-resistant hybrid broccoli |
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2015
- 2015-11-25 CN CN201510827750.0A patent/CN105265193B/en active Active
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Inventor after: Bao Yongming Inventor after: Sun Jian Inventor after: Zhang Qing Inventor after: Fang Hui Inventor after: Fang Xiaoxue Inventor after: Liao Huimin Inventor after: Luo Benfan Inventor before: Bao Yongming Inventor before: Sun Jian Inventor before: Zhang Qing Inventor before: Fang Hui Inventor before: Fang Xiaoxue Inventor before: Liao Huimin Inventor before: Luo Benfan |