CN105235206A

CN105235206A - Laser welding method and parts made thereby

Info

Publication number: CN105235206A
Application number: CN201510672641.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 延斯·布茨克; 斯特凡·维特纳; 尼古拉·兰贝茨; 皮埃尔·迪邦; 萨拜因·伯特伦; 海因茨·卡维耶泽尔
Original assignee: EMS Patent AG
Current assignee: EMS Patent AG
Priority date: 2011-07-21
Filing date: 2012-07-20
Publication date: 2016-01-13
Anticipated expiration: 2032-07-20
Also published as: EP2548715A3; ES2436190T3; EP2548714A1; TW201630681A; KR101555265B1; KR20130012057A; TWI538759B; TW201311386A; CN102886897B; US20130022766A1; CA2783261C; CN105235206B; JP5862957B2; EP2548715B1; EP2548715A2; CN102886897A; US9878490B2; TWI627008B; JP2013022966A; DK2548715T3

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for laser welding two plastic components A, B brought into contact at least in the joining area, wherein component B facing away from the laser radiation consists of a plastic matrix with a white pigmentation of 1.5 5-20 wt.-%, and component A facing the laser radiation, through which the laser beam passes in the welding process, exhibits a plastic matrix. For a given laser wavelength the travel distance of the laser beam through the component A measures at most 10 mm, and given a white pigmentation of the component A in wt.-%, the product of the travel distance of the laser 10 beam through the component A in mm and white pigmentation in wt.-% is less than 1.25, and the travel distance of the laser beam through the component A measures at most 1 mm.

Description

Corresponding laser-beam welding method and the profiled part manufactured by it

The application is the applying date is on July 20th, 2012, and application number is " 201210254358.8 ", and denomination of invention is the divisional application of the Chinese patent application of " corresponding laser-beam welding method and the profiled part manufactured by it ".

Technical field

The present invention relates to the corresponding laser-beam welding method of the thermoplastic component particularly parts of color white.In addition, the present invention relates to by this method by the object of the white substantially of thermoplastic molding's assembling parts of LASER BEAM WELDING.

Background technology

Compared with other joining techniques of plastics, LASER BEAM WELDING provides advantage widely, such as, be placed in that mechanical load on profiled part to be joined is low and thermic load is limited in local and the adaptability for welds geometry is high.In principle, the profiled part towards laser must be able to make laser emission from wherein penetrating, and another profiled part must absorb this radiation at the shallow penetration depth place close to surface simultaneously, and is introducing the position melting of radiation.Then heat transfer causes making laser emission from the profiled part wherein penetrated also melting on the contact surface, thus after refrigerating work procedure, produce the compound firmly bonding connection.

Some examples of the LASER BEAM WELDING plastic shaping parts having different colours to combine in prior art.From deng article " LaserPlasticWeldinginallColors " (it comes across " TechnischeRundschau " (the TechnicalReview) (SwissProfessionalMediaAG of people, Wabern, Switzerland) the 23rd phase, 2004) known, coal smoke is as the black pigment of routine, and its outstanding absorbability makes the most applicable LASER BEAM WELDING of combination of the profiled part of transparent/black.In addition, introduce and have the additive of high near-infrared (NIR) absorbability in this article, it is slight intrinsic paintedly makes them be applicable to using together with transparent tone.Known in the state of the artly in polymer composition, add NIR absorption enhancer.Such as, US-A-2009/0130451 propose a kind of special can the polymer composition of LASER BEAM WELDING, such as, it comprises lanthanum hexaboride or cesium tungsten oxide as NIR absorption enhancer.It explicitly points out, if not containing these NIR absorbing additives, even if then there is pigment, can not obtain can the composition of LASER BEAM WELDING.Clearly can not find out that from this article additive is to the influence degree of whiteness in white dyeing process.

Above-mentioned additive is except cost height, and the technical fee relevant with their purposes is also disadvantageous.In addition, the impression of white is subject to the negative effect of the inherent colour of additive.

WO-A-02/055287 discloses a kind of specific process for LASER BEAM WELDING plastics, and it provides extra profiled part between to be joined two profiled parts.This extra profiled part comprises the layer with absorbing additives, and at least in part by laser emission melting.After melt cooling, produce between profiled part to be joined and combine.

US-A-2010/0301022 discloses a kind of method, and wherein laser light absorbing dye is applied in first substrate at first.After first substrate contacts with second substrate, due to the absorbent properties of the dyestuff of applying, these substrates are bonded together by LASER BEAM WELDING.

Consumer is at all many for the interest of white/white color combination, and white/white color combination proposes special challenge.The high index of refraction of Chinese white as titanium dioxide causes the height scattering of laser.Therefore, the radiation (if any) of introducing only has sub-fraction can be converted to melting to absorb the heat energy connecting and participate in needed for body (partner).For listed reason, WO-A-2009/000252 points out, titanium dioxide substantially on be not suitable for being used as brightening agent in based on the joint method of laser.

When using conventional laser technology to carry out laser weld, in fact visually-perceptible is also the parts penetrability deficiency in practice of the color white of white, and this is true really.Under the use optical maser wavelength of 980nm, the penetrability of this deficiency of this parts causes following situation: laser can not penetrate at all and covers parts and arrive bond site, this causes laser to transform upper covering on parts surface usually, and cause the melting changing surface, and often even cause black colorant, i.e. the degraded of polymeric material.

Summary of the invention

Object of the present invention is especially provided for the method for the LASER BEAM WELDING thermoplastic component particularly parts of color white.

Special proposition be the method for two plastic components (hereinafter referred to as components A and part B) at least contacted in bonding land for laser weld, wherein components A is penetrated by the latter in welding process in the face of laser beam, and part B is back to laser beam.

Here back to the parts (B) of laser emission by having at least 0.5 % by weight, particularly at least 1.5 % by weight, preferably at least 3.5 % by weight, even more preferably 5 % by weight and the plastic substrate of color white (whitepigmentation) of 15 % by weight is formed at the most at the most 20 % by weight, particularly, and faced by the parts (A) (laser beam is from wherein passing through in welding process) of laser beam show plastic substrate.Here plastic substrate can preferably clear, but might not be like this.In addition, components A can be uncoloured or shows color white.If components A has color white, then the latter preferred at least 0.01 % by weight, particularly at least 0.3 % by weight, preferably at least 0.5 % by weight, even more preferably at least 1 % by weight.If components A has color white, then the latter preferably at the most 5 % by weight, particularly preferably at the most 3 % by weight.

According to the present invention, wave-length coverage is used to weld from the laser of 1200 to 2200nm here.Work preferably occurs in the wave-length coverage of 1400 to 2000nm, particularly preferably 1440 to 1500nm, most preferably 1440 to 1500nm or 1910 to 1970nm.Contrary with the method usually occurring in the scope of wavelength 980nm according to the wherein this process of prior art, find, higher wavelength unexpectedly makes welding process success, even if parts (B) adularescent is painted.People expect in principle, due to color white, parts (B) surface when being exposed to laser emission becomes destroyed, even if it is also like this that parts (A) will be formed by uncoloured material, and can not expect that melting will enough realize the combination of welding.As surprisingly, even if parts (A) are painted, the method also can be carried out.

Here implement when the method must meet following conditioned disjunction prerequisite at the same time:

1) laser beam pass through faced by the light path (traveldistance) (l) of parts (A) can be 10 millimeters at the most, no matter it is uncoloured or painted.Here, laser beam pass through faced by the light path (l) of parts (A) be preferably 7 millimeters or 5 millimeters at the most, especially 3 millimeters at the most;

2) when the color white of parts (A) represents with percentage by weight (% by weight), the light path (l) of the parts (A) faced by passing through in the laser beam of millimeter must be less than 1.25 with the product of color white by weight percentage.

In other words, though in the face of the parts (A) of laser emission be painted, the method also can successful execution.But, at this moment there is a condition, namely in the face of the painted of parts (A) of laser emission is deliberately arranged to than usually lower slightly, but most preferably still in the level guaranteeing visual white appearance.Typically, in the face of the color white of parts (A) of laser emission is at least 0.05% by weight percentage, preferably at least 0.5%.By contrast, the highly colored Impression of White also improving parts (A) and bring of parts (B).Another condition is, laser is not oversize by the path of the parts (A) in the face of laser, namely, this path can not more than 10 millimeters, and the necessary < 1.25 of product defined above, preferably be less than < 1.00, be most preferably less than < 0.65.Find surprisingly, even if achieve visually sufficient white effect, laser does not damage parts (A) seemingly yet, and enough laser is by parts (A), and weld site to be sufficiently heated, to guarantee melting and the formation of the bond site of high-quality.The color white addressed in the disclosure by weight percentage must always be interpreted as relative to producing the percentage by weight share adding up to the gross mass of the parts of 100% or the involved area of parts.Both parts (A) and parts (B) all can be formed by different materials in zones of different; If address parts (A) or parts (B) subsequently, and have restriction to the latter, then this at least refers to the region affected by laser bonding process of each global facility.

If the parts (A) according to first preferred embodiment of proposed method show color white, then most preferably be less than 1 in the light path (l) of millimeter and the product of color white by weight percentage, preferably be less than < 0.65, or from 0.2 to 0.8 scope, preferably from 0.2 to 0.6 scope, particularly preferably from 0.2 to 0.5 scope.

The feature of another preferred embodiment of the method is, parts (A) and/or parts (B) not containing the laser light absorber of NIR scope, and do not have the independent layer containing this material or coating between these two parts.Parts (A) and parts (B) are preferably directly placed in top of each other at bond site place.Particularly preferably be, both parts (A) and parts (B) are all substantially free of (namely usually have and be less than 0.0001 % by weight), the preferred laser light absorber not conforming to NIR scope completely.The feature of another preferred embodiment of the method is, when implementing the method, laser beam concentrates on weld seam.In other words, preferably concentrating in the plane of bond site of laser beam, thus the highest input power guaranteeing per unit volume in this position.

Usually, the laser power preferably used in the scope from 2 to 500W, particularly preferably from the scope of 5 to 200W.In addition, usually preferably under the feed rate of the scope from 100 to 7000 mm/min, operation is carried out.Particularly preferably be, the energy that per unit length uses inputs at the scope from 0.0005 to 0.05J/mm, preferably 0.0007 to 0.04J/mm, particularly preferably from 0.0009 to 0.01J/mm.The energy input of per unit length derived from the laser power of W with in the business of the feed rate of mm/min with by the product recalculating the correction factor (60) obtained of physical unit.

In this process, the contact pressures that parts most preferably cling to preferably 2 to 5 bar with 1 to 10 are close to each other.

As mentioned above, be positioned at below namely provide color white back to the parts (B) of laser.The latter preferably at least 3.5 % by weight, preferably at least 5 % by weight, usually at the most 20 % by weight, preferably at the most 15 % by weight scope in.

Two parts are preferably white, and the parts (B) at least back to laser are white.This must mean parts (B) (if present also have parts (A)) if or corresponding molding compound be processed to ganoid profiled part, then show the color effects that actually represent white appearance in LAB system.This means, most preferably, L* > 80, preferred L* > 90, particularly preferably L* > 95.Or or in addition, the value of a* or the value of b* separately most preferably < 10, preferred < 5, particularly preferably < 3, be outstandingly preferably about 0.For these parts, the particularly preferably L* value of > 96.For the parts (B) back to laser, be processed into ganoid profiled part to be regarded as preferably, and show the color effects of L* > 90, preferably L* > 95, particularly preferably L* > 96 in LAB system.

The method of this proposition can realize following advantage substantially:

The object of-welding is white, and at least part of described object is introduced from parts (B),

-do not need in thermoplastic molding's compound, add NIR absorption enhancer or the existence of bonding site or apply absorption enhancer, the additional components comprising absorption enhancer need not be introduced.

Thermoplastic polymer well known by persons skilled in the art can be comprised as polymeric matrix for the parts of method according to the present invention or molding compound, or except above-mentioned color white and common additive are as fire retardant, substantially formed by polymer for improving except the additive of mechanical stability and non-IR absorbing additives.The example includes but not limited to acetal resin; Liquid crystal polymer, polyacrylate, polymethacrylates; Alkene and cyclic olefin polymer; Polyamide; Polyamide elastomer, particularly polyesteramide, polyetheramides and polyether ester amides, polyamidoimide, polyarylether, comprise polyphenylene oxide; Merlon; Polyether sulfone; PEI, polyimides, polyester; Polyester-polycarbonate; Polyethers; Polyoxyethylene; Polystyrene; Polysulfones; Polyvinyl is as polyvinyl chloride and polyvinyl acetate; Or the one or more of mixture enumerating material, comprise ABS, MBS and SAN, PC, PMMA etc.

Transparent particularly unbodied polymer represents preferred embodiment.The thermoplastic polymer that the term used in the disclosure is transparent or transparent plastic substrate, particularly polyamide (namely, transparent polyamide homopolymers and/or polyamide copolymer) be intended to represent polymer or plastic substrate system, the polymer of the polyamide particularly manufactured by the latter or polyamide copolymer or molding compound or plastic substrate system, if polymer or altogether (polyamide) are (in a pure form, namely, do not conform to other compositions as above of molding compound) with thickness be 2 millimeters sheet form exist, then its light transmittance is at least 80%, particularly at least 90%.

In framework herein, the value of light transmittance always should be understood to the value measured according to ASTMD1003 method (light source of CIE-C).Here light transmittance is measured on the disk of 70x2 millimeter with the device of the Haze-GardPlus by name from BykGardner (DE) in the following experiment enumerated.Light transmittance values refers to the visible wavelength range for being defined by CIE-C, and namely intrinsic strength (essentialintensity) is about between 400 and 770nm.Such as, Arburg injection machine manufactures the disk of 70x2 millimeter in the instrument of polishing for this object, wherein cylinder temperature is between 200 and 340 DEG C, and tool temperature is between 20 and 140 DEG C.

The thickness manufactured by molding compound is that the turbidity (mist degree) of the plate of 2 millimeters most preferably is 5% (ASTMD1003 according to afore mentioned rules measures) at the most.

Another preferred embodiment relates to partially crystalline polymer, and they also can method according to the present invention successfully weld.Although the latter does not need for transparent in above-mentioned meaning, they can be transparent.

In preferred embodiments, parts used according to the invention or profiled part contain polyamide or its mixture, or are preferably formed as plastic substrate by this polyamide.Here these polyamide preferably comprise alicyclic diamine and aliphatic dicarboxylic acid acquisition by aliphatic or are obtained by lactams.Particularly preferably be the polyamide homopolymer and copolymer that use and formed by alicyclic C6-C17 diamines and/or aliphatic C4-C12 diamines and aliphatic C4-C20 dicarboxylic acids and/or aromatic dicarboxylic acid.

The object lesson of dicarboxylic acids includes but not limited to succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, dodecanedioic acid, tridecandioic acid, tetracosandioic acid, pentacosandioic acid, hexadecandioic acid (hexadecane diacid), heptadecane diacid, octadecane diacid, nonadecandioic acid, Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-cyclohexane diacid, eicosane diacid, naphthalene diacid, terephthalic acid (TPA) and M-phthalic acid.

Preferred substitute comprises polyamide, and it is by above-mentioned diamines and the lactams of dicarboxylic acids and 4 to 15 carbon atoms and/or the α of 4 to 15 carbon atoms, and omega amino acid is formed.

The object lesson of diamines includes but not limited to hexamethylene diamine, heptamethylene diamines, eight methylene diamine, nine methylene diamine, decamethylene diamine, 11 methylene diamine, ten dimethylene diamines, trimethylhexamethylenediamine, 2-methyl isophthalic acid, 5-pentanediamine, IPD, norcamphane diamines, 1,3-bis-(aminomethyl) cyclohexane, MACM, MXD, PACM, PXD and TMACM.

MACM represents 3,3 '-dimethyl-4,4 '-diamino-dicyclohexyl methane, and MXD represents m-xylene diamine, PACM represents 4,4 '-diamino-dicyclohexyl methane, and PXD represents p dimethylamine, and TMACM represents 3,3 ', 5,5 '-tetramethyl-4,4 '-diaminourea cyclohexyl-methane.

In another preferred embodiment, parts according to the present invention comprise the transparent amorphous polyamides formed by MXD and terephthalic acid (TPA) or MXD and M-phthalic acid.

The preferred transparent polyamide representing plastic substrate composition or the basic sole component for plastic substrate (except the conventional additives of little percentage composition and any glass fibre that may exist) is selected from following group: MACM9-18, PACM9-18, MACMI/12, MACMI/MACMT, MACMI/MACMT/12, 6I6T/MACMI/MACMT/12, 3-6T, 6I6T, TMDT, 6I/MACMI/MACMT, 6I/PACMI/PACMT, 6I/6T/MACMI, MACMI/MACM36, 6I, 12/PACMI, MXDI/6I or 12/MACMT, 6/PACMT, 6/6I, 6/IPDT or its mixture, wherein the IPS of 50 % by mole can be replaced by TPS.

In another preferred embodiment, parts according to the present invention comprise partially crystallizable polyamide, or are formed as plastic substrate by the latter.Example includes but not limited to PA6, PA66, PA69, PA610, PA11, PA12, PA1010, PA1012, PA1210 and PA1212.

In another preferred embodiment, parts according to the present invention comprise by 3,3 '-dimethyl-4, the transparent amorphous polyamide that 4 '-diamino-dicyclohexyl methane and decanedioic acid and/or dodecanedioic acid are formed, wherein decanedioic acid and/or dodecanedioic acid can by the most 20% aromatic dicarboxylic acid replace.

In another preferred embodiment, parts according to the present invention comprise the transparent amorphous polyamide formed by MACM and dodecanedioic acid (MACM12), wherein dodecanedioic acid can by the most 20% aromatic dicarboxylic acid replace.

In the most preferred embodiment, parts according to the present invention comprise by 3,3 '-dimethyl-4, the transparent amorphous polyamide that 4 '-diamino-dicyclohexyl methane and dodecanedioic acid are formed, or formed as plastic substrate (except the conventional additives of little percentage composition and any glass fibre that may exist) by the latter.

The pigment of the substantially non-NIR absorption of at least one white is comprised further, such as aluminium oxide (Al according to parts of the present invention ₂o ₃), barium sulfate (BaSO ₄), ceruse (PbCO ₃), calcium carbonate (CaCO ₃), magnesium carbonate (MgCO ₃), titanium dioxide (TiO ₂), titanate is as barium titanate (BaTiO ₃), zinc oxide (ZnO), zinc sulphide (ZnS), mica, chalk, lithopone, silica, silicate are as the metal immersion plating of alumina silicate or sodium metasilicate, talcum, above-mentioned material or apply variant or comprise the combination of at least one above-mentioned material.Above-mentioned record right and wrong are determinate.

In preferred embodiments, Chinese white is the titanium dioxide of rutile or anatase form, zinc sulphide or chalk.In particularly preferred embodiments, Chinese white is the titanium dioxide of rutile form.Other dyestuffs non-absorbent can be contained in trace (that is, usual < 0.2%w/w or < 0.1%w/w) NIR district in certain embodiments to adjust tone.

In one embodiment, the median of pigment is 0.1 to 0.5 micron (median).In another embodiment, white pigment titanium dioxide is rutile form, and its median is 0.15 to 0.30 micron.In preferred embodiments, white pigment titanium dioxide relates to the rutile-type that median is 0.20 to 0.26 micron (median).

Components A is at least part of transmission for laser emission.Such as, it has 0.1 to 5 millimeter, preferably 0.2 to 1 millimeter, particularly preferably from the scope of 0.2 to 0.5 millimeter, outstanding preferably from the thickness of the scope of 0.2 to 0.4 millimeter.Part B back to laser emission, and can absorb the latter at least in part.Such as, part B has 0.5 to 10 millimeter, the preferred thickness of 1 to 4 millimeter.

In welding process, laser emission penetrates through components A at first at least in part, then substantially to be absorbed near surface by part B and is converted into heat.Part B is in absorption site melting, and the contact heat of transfer also causes components A in interface melting.In welding process, preferably apply extraneous contact pressure.Formed after the cooling period at the latest and firmly combine.

Here weld seam can along straight line, but also can show any shape wanted, it can be positioned at the region that both parts (A) and (B) are flatly bonded with each other, but also can be positioned at the region of the projection (projection) of parts or the surface contact of rib (rib) and another parts, such as, or be positioned at two projections or rib arranged accordingly or the even region that is bonded with each other of groove and comb (comb) of two parts.Therefore, weld seam both can be spotweld, also can be the weld seam of long delay.Spotweld can be produced by such as pulse laser.

Laser beam can vertically or with the angle that the Normal plane relative to components A surface is non-zero aim at.

Can comprise well known by persons skilled in the art not to other additives that the performance of profiled part particularly has a negative impact with the interaction of used laser beam wavelength according to parts of the present invention.Additive is preferably selected from the group be made up of following material: inorganic stabilizers, organic stabilizer, lubricant, defoamer, chain growth additive, the fluorescent whitening agent absorbed in UV scope, softening agent, tackifier, halogen containing flame-retardant, particle, filler and the latter of reinforcing agent such as fibers form or the combination of these additives.

An example of UV absorption additive comprises inorganic pigment or HALS (hindered amine as light stabilizer), and it is used as UV stabilizing agent.The example of these UV absorbing materials includes but not limited to benzophenone, BTA, N, N '-oxalanilide, phenyl triazine and tetramethyl piperidine derivative.

The thermoplastic molding compound of content relative to 100 % by weight of these additives be at the most 2 % by weight, preferably at the most 0.5 % by weight.If matrix material also uses glass fiber reinforcement as additive, then can introduce higher percentage.Such as, the glass fibre of many 50 % by weight or at the most 30 % by weight or at the most 10 % by weight is preferably added into.Here the scanning of glass fibre shows circular cross section or even planar cross-sectional, such as, has the axial length ratio of 2 to 10, preferably 3 to 5 scopes.If matrix material has also carried out modification as additive in impact strength, then can introduce higher percentage.In this case, the impact strength improver of many 30 % by weight or at the most 20 % by weight or at the most 10 % by weight can be preferably added into.

In addition, can be introduced into many 2 % by weight, preferably at the most the 1.2 % by weight non-absorbent dyestuffs in NIR district as other additives.

Such as, according to the polymerization manufacture component of EP0725101, wherein can use the mixture (blend) of various polymer, and parts are by extruding or injection moulding.Polyamide moulding compound used according to the invention can manufacture in traditional blending machine such as list or double screw extruder, screw rod blending machine.In general, by preliminary for polymer moieties melting, and pigment is such as introduced melt by side charger in any position of extruder.Mixture is preferably carried out under the setting cylinder temperature of 230 DEG C to 320 DEG C.But, polymer moieties and pigment are also all measurable enters feeder.

Although thickness is not so important in the parts (B), for parts (A), thickness is normally being less than 10 millimeters or be preferably less than in the scope of 5 millimeters; In the variant that parts (A) display white is painted, thickness is preferably 1 millimeter at the most.

In the application process of the method used, weld strength (with regard to shear strength) is generally at least 5N/mm ², preferably at least 10N/mm ², or at least 15N/mm ², particularly preferably at least 20N/mm ².Here these values are all measured in experiment test framework as described below further.

Such as, object of the present invention can be parts for portable electric appts as earphone, mobile phone and for the key of medical technology or object.Correspondingly, the invention still further relates to parts, especially the parts of field of portable electronic apparatus, especially be selected from the shell of the parts of following group: earphone, head-telephone, audiphone, mobile phone, smart phone, portable computer, panel computer, automobile key, it has at least one welding point manufactured according to method as above.

Object of the present invention also can be has at least one according to the flexible pipe providing connector of the welding point of method manufacture as above or coffee machine parts.

Other embodiments show in the dependent claims.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Below will describe the preferred embodiments of the invention based on accompanying drawing, these accompanying drawings only for explanatory object, and should not be interpreted as limiting.Accompanying drawing shows:

The brief strabismus map of Fig. 1 method of laser welding; With

Fig. 2 perpendicular to the sectional view of weld seam, for different component shape: a) planar contact area; B) by the rib contacts of components A; C) rib contacts of two parts.

Detailed description of the invention

The concrete welding test carried out at following experimental section will be used for record and how can implement welding method and which mechanical property weld seam can ensure.

This method be roughly presented in oblique view 1 relates to substantially to be provided part B and makes it contact with another components A with the face way of contact, and wherein part B is positioned at below laser beam to a certain extent, and back to laser beam.Laser 3 gives off laser beam 2 contact surfaces concentrating on two parts, and direction of feed 4 is advanced along required weld seam 1.

Contact area between two parts also can have different designs, as described respectively with the sectional view perpendicular to weld seam 1 in Fig. 2.Here Fig. 2 a illustrates and is also depicted in the situation that two parts contact with the face way of contact in Fig. 1.Be it is evident that by Fig. 2 b, such as, components A can comprise with part B surface form the rib contacted.Here also can correspondingly form weld seam 1, condition is that the wavelength of the laser of material by components A is in the border of afore mentioned rules.Fig. 2 c provides following situation: wherein two parts all show rib, their corresponding layouts; In this case, if contact is be linear to a certain extent equally, also weld seam 1 may be formed along this line.

These accompanying drawings provide respective linear weld seam, and this situation can relate to straight line or any shape required in principle here.This shape is by guiding laser or laser beam or keeping light beam fixing and correspondingly moving-member and realizing along this shape.Also be likely spot welding, wherein, these such as also realize by corresponding pulse laser.

Experimental section

M12:Grilamid 90 is a kind of unbodied, transparent MACM12 type polyamide, and its light transmission is 93 and mist degree < 1, can derive from EMS-ChemieAG

P12:P12 is the partially crystallizable polyamide of PA12 type, and it can derive from EMS-ChemieAG

LV3H: lV-3H is the partially crystallizable polyamide of glass fiber reinforcement, PA12 type, can derive from EMS-ChemieAG

CX: cX7323 is the amorphous polyamides of PACM12 type, and its light transmission is 93 and mist degree < 1, can derive from EvonikDegussa

PMMA: resistzk40 is a kind of polymethacrylates (PMMA), and its light transmission is 90, can derive from Evonik gmbH

PC: 2858 is a kind of Merlon (PC), and its light transmission is 89, can derive from BayerAG

r103 is a kind of Chinese white manufactured by the titanium dioxide of rutile form, and it can derive from DUPONT ^tM, and there is the median (median) of 23 microns.

2220 is a kind of Chinese whites manufactured by the titanium dioxide of rutile form, and it can derive from and its surface is combined by aluminium and silicon compound and polysiloxanes is stablized

SachtolithHDS is a kind of Chinese white manufactured by zinc sulphide, and it can derive from SachtlebenChemieGmbH.

These Material injection are formed by the instrument being used for the plate tempering of 4 × 5 centimetres of 0.5,0.75 and 1 millimeters thick of welding test on the all-electric injection moulding machine (device name: ARBURGAllrounder320A500-170) deriving from Arburg.Use following injection molding parameter.

A) for M12:

Instrument 80 DEG C, melt temperature 280 DEG C

B) for PC:

Instrument 80 DEG C, melt temperature 300 DEG C

C) for PMMA:

Instrument 40 DEG C, melt temperature 260 DEG C

D) for CX:

Between instrument 80 DEG C, melt temperature 280 DEG C

E) for P12:

Instrument 60 DEG C, melt temperature 250 DEG C

F) for LV3H:

Instrument 60 DEG C, melt temperature 260 DEG C

Parts (A) and (B) are cut as length 50 millimeters, width about 12 millimeters are for soldering test.Parts (A) and (B) are by dry weldering.

Use the following diode laser deriving from DILASDiodenlaserGmbH for soldering test:

A) wavelength: 1940nm, COMPACTDiodeLaserSystem18/600 (16W, 600 μm)

B) wavelength: 1470nm, MINIDiodeLaserSystem40/400 (40W, 400 μm)

C) wavelength: 980nm, COMPACTDiodeLaserSystem500/400 (500W, 400 μm)

The execution of soldering test:

By the parts be stored on drier (A) and (B) superposed on one another place with overlap onboard.Drive pneumatic plunger this plate to be pressed to the PMMA plate be fixed thereon, this causes the accumulation of contact pressure.By the recess in PMMA plate, laser beam is directly guided to components A, and by the latter to weld seam.Beam path or laser supply manually regulate under all wavelengths, make it by the whole width of components A.The energy for radiation of per unit length input by laser supply regulation and control, and is correspondingly selected for parts to be welded.According to chemical composition, thickness and pigment, the energy input of per unit length should specifically be regulated to avoid to burn from the teeth outwards.If if do not realize combining between components A and B or components A show by burn region, hole or bubble, then at table 2 and 3, welding test is chosen as "-".If welding test not by the region of burning or other surface damages, is then chosen as (+) by visually rank display.

Before the contrast sheet of painted white, CIEL*a*b* value is measured with the spectrophotometer (device name: Datacolor650) deriving from Datacolor according to following measuring principle; Measurement pattern: reflection; Measurement geometry D/8 °; Light type: D6510; Brightness: comprise; Calibration: UV calibrates; Measuring diaphragm: SAV.The L*a*b* value obtained is shown in table 1 to 3.At the temperature of the hauling speed of 5 mm/min and 23 DEG C, the bond strength (weld strength) of weld seam is measured according to ISO527.The welding body of the overlap formed by parts (A) and (B) is clamped in hauling machine with drying regime, applies the power parallel with plate face.The respective thickness of parts can be collected from table 1 to 3.

Table 2: welding test (wherein profiled part is obtained by MACM12 and other Chinese whites)

Reference symbol table

1 weld seam 4 laser instrument phase modifier (laseradvancer)

Parts faced by 2 laser beam A

3 laser instrument B back to parts

Following content corresponds to the original claims of parent application:

1. for laser weld at least in the method for two plastic components (A, B) for bonding land contact,

Wherein back to the described parts (B) of laser emission by having at least 0.5 % by weight and the plastic substrate of color white of 20 % by weight is formed at the most, and

Wherein in the face of the described parts (A) of described laser emission show plastic substrate, in welding process, laser beam passes through from described parts (A),

Wave-length coverage is wherein used to weld from the laser of 1200 to 2200nm,

The first prerequisite implementing the method is

No matter in the face of the described parts (A) of described laser emission are painted or uncoloured, described laser beam is 10 millimeters at the most by the light path (l) of the described parts (A) in the face of described laser emission, and

The second prerequisite implementing the method is

When the color white of the described parts (A) in the face of laser emission represents with percentage by weight, be less than 1.25 by the described light path (l) of the described parts (A) in the face of described laser emission with the product of color white by weight percentage in the described laser beam of millimeter, and described laser beam is 1 millimeter at the most by the described light path (l) of the described parts (A) in the face of described laser emission.

2. the method according to item 1, is characterized in that, described laser beam by be 7 millimeters at the most, preferred 5 millimeters at the most in the face of the described light path of described parts (A) of described laser emission, particularly preferably at the most 3 millimeters.

3. the method according to item 1, it is characterized in that, in the face of the described parts (A) of described laser emission show color white, and be less than 1 in the described light path (1) of millimeter and the product of color white by weight percentage, preferably from 0.2 to 0.8 scope.

4. the method according to any one of aforementioned item, it is characterized in that, described parts (A) in the face of described laser emission and the described parts (B) back to described laser emission both substantially all containing the laser light absorber within the scope of NIR, particularly containing the laser light absorber be less than within the scope of the NIR of 0.0001 % by weight, preferably do not conform to the laser light absorber within the scope of NIR completely, bond site is not used in the systemic additive pretreatment of NIR scope, and between the described parts (A) in the face of described laser emission and the described parts (B) back to described laser emission, do not introduce the extra parts being included in the systemic additive of NIR scope.

5. the method according to any one of aforementioned item, it is characterized in that, when implementing the method, described laser beam concentrates on described bonding land, and/or the laser power of 2 to 500W, preferably 5 to 200W is used with the feed rate of 100 to 7000 mm/min, wherein the energy input of per unit length is in the scope from 0.0005J/mm to 0.05J/mm, preferably from 0.0007 to 0.04J/mm, particularly preferably from 0.0009 to 0.01J/mm.

6. the method according to any one of aforementioned item, is characterized in that, described parts are pressed against each other by with 1 to 10 bar, preferably the contact pressure of 2 to 5 bar in the process.

7. the method according to any one of aforementioned item, it is characterized in that, the described parts (B) back to described laser emission show at least 1 % by weight or at least 1.5 % by weight or at least 3.5 % by weight, preferably at least 5 % by weight and at the most 15 % by weight color white.

8. the method according to any one of aforementioned item, it is characterized in that, when being processed to ganoid profiled part, described parts (A) in the face of described laser emission show the color effects of CIELAB system, wherein L* > 80, preferred L* > 90, particularly preferably L* > 95, and/or the value of the value of a* or b* separately < 10, preferred < 5, particularly preferably < 3, and/or, when being processed to ganoid profiled part, described parts (B) back to described laser emission show the color effects of LAB system, wherein L* > 90, preferred L* > 95, particularly preferably L* > 96.

9. the method according to any one of aforementioned item, is characterized in that, one of at least being formed based on the thermoplastic polymer being selected from following group in described parts (A, B): acetal resin; Liquid crystal polymer, polyacrylate, polymethacrylates; Olefin polymer; Polyamide; Polyamide elastomer, particularly polyesteramide, polyetheramides and polyether ester amides, polyamidoimide, polyarylether, comprise polyphenylene oxide; Merlon; PEI, polyimides, polyether sulfone; Polyester; Polyester-polycarbonate; Polyethers; Polyoxyethylene; Polystyrene; Polysulfones; Polyvinyl is as polyvinyl chloride and polyvinyl acetate; Or the mixture of these materials one or more of, wherein said thermoplastic polymer is most preferably selected from the group be made up of polyamide, Merlon and PMMA.

10. the method according to any one of aforementioned item, is characterized in that, in described parts (A, B) one of at least, preferably two parts (A, B) are formed based on polyamide thermoplastic, and described polyamide thermoplastic comprises alicyclic diamine and fragrance and/or aliphatic dicarboxylic acid by aliphatic and obtains, or obtained by lactams, particularly preferably obtained by equal polyester-polyamide and copolyamide, described equal polyester-polyamide and copolyamide are obtained by alicyclic C6-C17 diamines and/or aliphatic C4-C12 diamines and aliphatic C4-C20 dicarboxylic acids and/or aromatic dicarboxylic acid, described dicarboxylic acids particularly preferably succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, dodecanedioic acid, tridecandioic acid, tetracosandioic acid, pentacosandioic acid, hexadecandioic acid (hexadecane diacid), heptadecane diacid, octadecane diacid, nonadecandioic acid, Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-cyclohexane diacid, naphthalene diacid, terephthalic acid (TPA) and M-phthalic acid, particularly preferably be, and described dicarboxylic acids combines with the diamines being selected from following group: hexamethylene diamine, heptamethylene diamines, eight methylene diamine, nine methylene diamine, decamethylene diamine, 11 methylene diamine, ten dimethylene diamines, trimethylhexamethylenediamine, 2-methyl isophthalic acid, 5-pentanediamine, IPD, norcamphane diamines, 1,3-bis-(aminomethyl) cyclohexane, MACM, MXD, PACM, PXD and TMACM.

11. methods according to any one of aforementioned item, it is characterized in that, regulate the color white of described parts (B) and described parts (A) possibly based at least one Chinese white non-absorbent within the scope of NIR, described pigment is preferably selected from following group: aluminium oxide (Al ₂o ₃), barium sulfate (BaSO ₄), ceruse (PbCO ₃), calcium carbonate (CaCO ₃), magnesium carbonate (MgCO ₃), titanium dioxide (TiO ₂), titanate is as barium titanate (BaTiO ₃), zinc oxide (ZnO), zinc sulphide (ZnS), mica, chalk, lithopone, silica, silicate are as the metal immersion plating of alumina silicate or sodium metasilicate, talcum, above-mentioned material or apply variant or comprise the combination of at least one above-mentioned material, wherein particularly preferably substantially or completely use the titanium dioxide of titanium dioxide, outstanding preferred rutile form for color white.

12. methods according to any one of aforementioned item, it is characterized in that, the weld seam obtained shows at least 5N/mm ², preferred at least 10N/mm ², particularly preferably at least 15N/mm ², or at least 20N/mm ²weld strength.

13. methods according to any one of aforementioned item, it is characterized in that, the laser instrument used operates in the wavelength region of 1400 to 2000nm, preferably 1440 to 1500nm, especially preferably 1440 to 1500nm and 1910 to 1970nm.

14. methods according to any one of aforementioned item, it is characterized in that, described in welding process laser beam from wherein pass through in the face of described laser emission described parts (A) and/or show transparent plastic substrate back to the described parts (B) of described laser emission, wherein, if form the sheet form existence that the polymer of described plastic substrate, preferably (be total to) polyamide with thickness are 2 millimeters, then the described matrix being in non-colored state preferably show the light transmittance of at least 80%, particularly preferably at least 90% light transmittance.

15. 1 kinds of parts, the particularly parts of field of portable electronic apparatus, particularly be selected from the shell of the parts of following group: earphone, head-telephone, audiphone, mobile phone, smart phone, portable computer, panel computer, automobile key, it has the welding point that at least one method according to any one of aforementioned item manufactures.

Claims

Wave-length coverage is wherein used to weld from the laser of 1200 to 2200nm,

The first prerequisite implementing the method is

The second prerequisite implementing the method is

2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described laser beam by be 7 millimeters at the most, preferred 5 millimeters at the most in the face of the described light path of described parts (A) of described laser emission, particularly preferably at the most 3 millimeters,

Or, it is characterized in that, in the face of the described parts (A) of described laser emission show color white, and be less than 1 in the described light path (1) of millimeter and the product of color white by weight percentage, preferably from 0.2 to 0.8 scope.

3. according to method in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, described parts (A) in the face of described laser emission and the described parts (B) back to described laser emission both substantially all containing the laser light absorber within the scope of NIR, particularly containing the laser light absorber be less than within the scope of the NIR of 0.0001 % by weight, preferably completely not containing the laser light absorber within the scope of NIR, bond site is not used in the systemic additive pretreatment of NIR scope, and between the described parts (A) in the face of described laser emission and the described parts (B) back to described laser emission, do not introduce the extra parts being included in the systemic additive of NIR scope.

4. according to method in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, when implementing the method, described laser beam concentrates on described bonding land, and/or the laser power of 2 to 500W, preferably 5 to 200W is used with the feed rate of 100 to 7000 mm/min, wherein the energy input of per unit length is in the scope from 0.0005J/mm to 0.05J/mm, preferably from 0.0007 to 0.04J/mm, particularly preferably from 0.0009 to 0.01J/mm.

5. according to method in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, described parts are pressed against each other by with 1 to 10 bar, preferably the contact pressure of 2 to 5 bar in the process,

And/or, it is characterized in that, the described parts (B) back to described laser emission show at least 1 % by weight or at least 1.5 % by weight or at least 3.5 % by weight, preferably at least 5 % by weight and at the most 15 % by weight color white,

And/or, it is characterized in that, when being processed to ganoid profiled part, described parts (A) in the face of described laser emission show the color effects of CIELAB system, wherein L* > 80, preferred L* > 90, particularly preferably L* > 95, and/or the value of the value of a* or b* separately < 10, preferred < 5, particularly preferably < 3, and/or, when being processed to ganoid profiled part, described parts (B) back to described laser emission show the color effects of LAB system, wherein L* > 90, preferred L* > 95, particularly preferably L* > 96.

6. according to method in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, one of at least being formed based on the thermoplastic polymer being selected from following group in described parts (A, B): acetal resin; Liquid crystal polymer, polyacrylate, polymethacrylates; Olefin polymer; Polyamide; Polyamide elastomer, particularly polyesteramide, polyetheramides and polyether ester amides, polyamidoimide, polyarylether, comprise polyphenylene oxide; Merlon; PEI, polyimides, polyether sulfone; Polyester; Polyester-polycarbonate; Polyethers; Polyoxyethylene; Polystyrene; Polysulfones; Polyvinyl is as polyvinyl chloride and polyvinyl acetate; Or the mixture of these materials one or more of, wherein said thermoplastic polymer is most preferably selected from the group be made up of polyamide, Merlon and PMMA,

Wherein preferred, in described parts (A, B) one of at least, preferably two parts (A, B) are formed based on polyamide thermoplastic, and described polyamide thermoplastic comprises alicyclic diamine and fragrance and/or aliphatic dicarboxylic acid by aliphatic and obtains, or obtained by lactams, particularly preferably obtained by equal polyester-polyamide and copolyamide, described equal polyester-polyamide and copolyamide are obtained by alicyclic C6-C17 diamines and/or aliphatic C4-C12 diamines and aliphatic C4-C20 dicarboxylic acids and/or aromatic dicarboxylic acid, described dicarboxylic acids particularly preferably succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, dodecanedioic acid, tridecandioic acid, tetracosandioic acid, pentacosandioic acid, hexadecandioic acid (hexadecane diacid), heptadecane diacid, octadecane diacid, nonadecandioic acid, Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-cyclohexane diacid, naphthalene diacid, terephthalic acid (TPA) and M-phthalic acid, particularly preferably be, and described dicarboxylic acids combines with the diamines being selected from following group: hexamethylene diamine, heptamethylene diamines, eight methylene diamine, nine methylene diamine, decamethylene diamine, 11 methylene diamine, ten dimethylene diamines, trimethylhexamethylenediamine, 2-methyl isophthalic acid, 5-pentanediamine, IPD, norcamphane diamines, 1,3-bis-(aminomethyl) cyclohexane, MACM, MXD, PACM, PXD and TMACM.

7. according to method in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, regulate the color white of described parts (B) and described parts (A) possibly based at least one Chinese white non-absorbent within the scope of NIR, described pigment is preferably selected from following group: aluminium oxide (Al ₂o ₃), barium sulfate (BaSO ₄), ceruse (PbCO ₃), calcium carbonate (CaCO ₃), magnesium carbonate (MgCO ₃), titanium dioxide (TiO ₂), titanate is as barium titanate (BaTiO ₃), zinc oxide (ZnO), zinc sulphide (ZnS), mica, chalk, lithopone, silica, silicate are as the metal immersion plating of alumina silicate or sodium metasilicate, talcum, above-mentioned material or apply variant or comprise the combination of at least one above-mentioned material, wherein particularly preferably substantially or completely use the titanium dioxide of titanium dioxide, outstanding preferred rutile form for color white.

8. according to method in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, the weld seam obtained shows at least 5N/mm ², preferred at least 10N/mm ², particularly preferably at least 15N/mm ², or at least 20N/mm ²weld strength.

9. according to method in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, the laser instrument used operates in the wavelength region of 1400 to 2000nm, preferably 1440 to 1500nm, especially preferably 1440 to 1500nm and 1910 to 1970nm,

And/or, it is characterized in that, described in welding process laser beam from wherein pass through in the face of described laser emission described parts (A) and/or show transparent plastic substrate back to the described parts (B) of described laser emission, wherein, if form the sheet form existence that the polymer of described plastic substrate, preferably (be total to) polyamide with thickness are 2 millimeters, then the described matrix being in non-colored state preferably show the light transmittance of at least 80%, particularly preferably at least 90% light transmittance.

10. parts, the particularly parts of field of portable electronic apparatus, particularly be selected from the shell of the parts of following group: earphone, head-telephone, audiphone, mobile phone, smart phone, portable computer, panel computer, automobile key, it has at least one welding point manufactured according to method in any one of the preceding claims wherein.