CN105182065A - Electricity information acquisition system based on intelligent electric meter - Google Patents
Electricity information acquisition system based on intelligent electric meter Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides an electricity information acquisition system based on an intelligent electric meter. The system comprises the intelligent electric meter, a plurality of intelligent switches connected with the intelligent electric meter, electric equipment controlled by the intelligent switches, and a central server connected with the intelligent electric meter. The electricity information acquisition system based on the intelligent electric meter provided by the present invention can acquire the electricity information real-timely, provides the useful information to the users and the working personnel of the electric power enterprises by analyzing the acquired data, and enables the electric energy usage efficiency and the power supply efficiency to be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of informatization of power systems, in particular to a power consumption information acquisition system based on an intelligent ammeter.
Background
The user electricity consumption information acquisition system based on the intelligent ammeter realizes electricity consumption monitoring, stepped pricing, load management and line loss analysis by acquiring and analyzing electricity consumption data of a terminal user, and finally achieves the purposes of automatic meter reading, peak load shifting electricity consumption, electricity consumption inspection (electricity stealing prevention), load prediction, electricity consumption cost saving and the like.
With the continuous improvement of the power consumption management level, the manual meter reading can not meet the requirements of people, the remote automatic meter reading gradually replaces the manual meter reading, and the problems of large error and large workload of the manual meter reading are solved.
At present, the construction process of a strong smart power grid taking automation, informatization and interaction as characteristics is accelerated, the functions and the forms of the power grid are being deeply changed, and a new energy revolution taking the smart power grid as an important mark is pulling open a curtain. The construction of an intelligent power utilization service system by using modern communication technology, information technology and marketing technology is one of the important works of an intelligent power grid. By means of smart grid and modern management concepts and by means of technologies such as advanced metering, efficient control and high-speed communication, rapid market response, just and accurately metering, real-time data acquisition and efficient and convenient service are achieved, and the main content of an intelligent power utilization service system is to construct a novel power supply and utilization relation of real-time interaction of a smart grid and power consumer power flow, information flow and business flow.
With the development of technology, electricity consumption information acquisition systems based on smart meters have appeared. The electricity consumption information acquisition system based on the intelligent ammeter is a system for acquiring, processing and monitoring electricity consumption information of power consumers in real time, and realizes the functions of automatic acquisition of the electricity consumption information, abnormal metering monitoring, electric energy quality monitoring, electricity consumption analysis and management, related information release, distributed energy monitoring, information interaction of intelligent electric equipment and the like. The electricity consumption information acquisition system based on the intelligent ammeter is a technical support system for intelligent electricity consumption management and service, and provides timely, complete and accurate basic electricity consumption data for an information management system.
The core of the electricity information collection is an intelligent electric meter, and the intelligent electric meter is a watt-hour meter which is manufactured by taking an intelligent chip CPU as a technical core through the application of technologies such as computers, telecommunication and the like and has various functions of electric power metering and timing, electronic charging, communication with an upper computer, electricity utilization management and the like. The smart meter becomes a powerful terminal of a smart grid, is essentially different from a traditional meter, not only has the function of the traditional meter, but also has the functions of bidirectional multi-rate of charge calculation, effective control on a user side and the like, and the smart meter becomes the development direction of a future grid terminal.
The intelligent electric meter is widely popularized and applied, the trouble caused by manual meter reading in the past is changed, automatic meter reading is realized, meanwhile, through the effective control of an intelligent system, the electricity utilization digital information is analyzed and processed, the electricity price information, the payment description, the electricity utilization information and the like of a user are all notified to the hands of the user, and the quality service and scientific management of electricity utilization are realized.
The existing intelligent electric meter has the problems of clock accuracy, metering mode effectiveness, communication efficiency and the like, which need to be further improved.
In the aspect of power consumption information acquisition, the current smart electric meter is still not enough in the aspect of realizing information acquisition's the aspect of refining, still can not satisfy user and electric power enterprise's higher requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention at least partially solves the problems in the prior art, and provides an electricity utilization information acquisition system based on an intelligent ammeter, which comprises: the intelligent power supply system comprises an intelligent electric meter, a plurality of intelligent switches connected with the intelligent electric meter, electric equipment controlled by the intelligent switches and a central server connected with the intelligent electric meter;
the intelligent electric meter comprises a hardware part, wherein the hardware part comprises a microprocessor, a power supply unit, a clock unit, a storage unit, a current sampling unit, a voltage sampling unit, a temperature sampling unit, a humidity sampling unit, a display unit, a communication interface unit and a switch interface unit; the power supply unit, the clock unit, the storage unit, the current sampling unit, the voltage sampling unit, the temperature sampling unit, the humidity sampling unit, the display unit, the communication interface unit and the switch interface unit are respectively connected with the microprocessor; wherein,
the microprocessor: the intelligent ammeter is a control core of the intelligent ammeter and is used for interacting with other units of the intelligent ammeter and completing various operations;
the power supply unit: the intelligent ammeter is used for providing power supply for each circuit of the intelligent ammeter;
the clock unit: the intelligent ammeter is used for providing a clock function for the intelligent ammeter;
the storage unit: the intelligent ammeter is used for storing various data acquired by the intelligent ammeter;
the current sampling unit: the device is used for collecting instantaneous current;
the voltage sampling unit: the device is used for collecting instantaneous voltage;
the temperature sampling unit: the temperature sensor is used for collecting a current temperature value;
the humidity sampling unit: the humidity sensor is used for collecting a current humidity value;
the display unit: for displaying various data;
the communication interface unit: for enabling communication with other devices;
the switch interface unit: the intelligent switch comprises a plurality of switch interfaces, wherein each switch interface is connected with an intelligent switch and can comprise 32 switch interfaces at most;
the intelligent switch is characterized in that: receiving management of a switch management module of the intelligent electric meter, connecting the intelligent electric meter with one or more electric devices, and controlling the connected one or more electric devices;
the central server: and uniformly managing instruction issuing, data processing, communication transmission and service application of the intelligent electric meter-based power utilization information acquisition system.
Each switch interface of the switch interface unit of the intelligent electric meter is correspondingly connected with a current sampling unit and a voltage sampling unit;
the electricity consumption information acquisition system based on the intelligent electric meter monitors the electricity consumption condition of the electricity consumption equipment controlled by each intelligent switch in real time by connecting the intelligent switches, and controls the electricity consumption power of the intelligent switch or other intelligent switches when the electricity consumption of the electricity consumption equipment controlled by a certain intelligent switch is too large.
The power supply unit of the intelligent electric meter adopts a power supply mode of a transformer linear power supply, the power supply part of the microprocessor adopts full-wave rectification, the secondary alternating voltage of the transformer of the power supply unit is converted into direct current voltage, the voltage is stabilized to be about 10V through the first voltage stabilizing diode, the adjustable LDO is input, and the output voltage is about 4V.
Wherein, the smart electric meter still includes the software part, and the software part includes: the system comprises an embedded operating system, a system initialization module, a clock calibration module, a parameter measurement module, a communication management module and a switch management module;
the embedded operating system: software and hardware used for managing the intelligent ammeter;
the system initialization module: the system is used for initializing the system after the intelligent electric meter is powered on;
the clock calibration module: for calibrating the clock;
the parameter measurement module: the device is used for measuring various parameter values;
the communication management module: the intelligent ammeter is used for managing communication between devices connected with the intelligent ammeter;
the switch management module: for managing the smart switch connected to the smart meter.
The clock calibration module of the intelligent ammeter is called once every 1 second, the temperature sensor in the temperature sampling unit is utilized to measure the current temperature value, then the deviation of the crystal is compensated according to the temperature of the crystal and the characteristic curve of the frequency accuracy, and the clock calibration process is as follows: firstly, judging whether the temperature of the temperature sensor changes or not, and if not, not needing calibration; if the temperature value changes, acquiring a current temperature value, and calibrating the clock by using a frequency value obtained by looking up a table according to a corresponding relation table between the temperature and the frequency accuracy, wherein the corresponding relation table is a nonlinear table of-40-100 ℃ temperature and crystal frequency listed according to a characteristic curve of the temperature and the frequency accuracy of the crystal.
The parameter measuring module of the intelligent electric meter measures the effective value of current and the effective value of voltage through the following formulas:
wherein, IrmsIs the effective value of the current, VrmsIs an effective value of voltage, KiTo current gain, KvV (k), I (k) are instantaneous voltage value and instantaneous current value at time k, respectively, for voltage gain; n is the sampling frequency which is the sampling frequency in one sampling period;
the parameter measurement module measures active power by the following formula:
wherein P is active power, KpIs the active power gain.
The communication management module of the intelligent electric meter comprises a serial port management submodule and a wireless management submodule, wherein the serial port management submodule manages serial port communication with other equipment; the wireless management sub-module manages wireless communication with other devices.
The embedded operating system of the intelligent electric meter is embedded Linux, the serial port management submodule is used for managing the operation of the serial port, and comprises the following steps of setting the attribute of the serial port, opening the serial port and reading the serial port, and the serial port reading implementation process of the serial port management submodule comprises the following steps:
adding a header file used in a serial port reading program;
defining a new int-type process ID number;
compiling a new subprocess function, reading the ammeter data in the file corresponding to the serial port and outputting the ammeter data to a new data.txt file;
setting a parent process to sleep for 1 second through a program, and terminating a child process by using a kill function of a system function;
opening a data.txt file for storing electric meter data in a read-only mode;
reading data in the first line of the data.txt file, and storing the data in the cache buf;
judging whether the data read at a certain moment starts from "- -", if not, reading the next line again until the complete data is read;
extracting specific numerical values in a row of completely matched data to a meter array for storage;
the newly built file dl.txt file is opened in a read-write mode;
and writing the value stored in the meter array into a dl.txt file for other devices to call.
When the intelligent switch receives a closing instruction sent by the central server, the power supply to the electric equipment controlled by the intelligent switch is cut off; and when the intelligent switch receives a starting instruction sent by the central server, the intelligent switch starts power supply to the controlled electric equipment.
The central server acquires power utilization information corresponding to each intelligent switch of a user, wherein the power utilization information comprises load data, electric quantity data, meter reading data, electric energy quality data and abnormal alarm information; and the central server performs data analysis on the collected power utilization information and sends an analysis result to the user and related personnel of the power enterprise.
The switch management module of the intelligent electric meter manages the intelligent switches by adopting a chain table structure, inserts a corresponding node into the chain table when the intelligent electric meter is additionally provided with one intelligent switch for connection every time, distributes corresponding storage areas corresponding to the node, and deletes the corresponding node and the corresponding storage area in the chain table when the intelligent electric meter is additionally provided with one intelligent switch for connection.
The intelligent electric meter used by the acquisition system has accurate timing, rich communication interfaces and easy expansion, and is convenient for electric power enterprises and users to use.
The electricity utilization information acquisition system based on the intelligent ammeter can acquire various electricity utilization information in real time, provides various useful information for users and electric power enterprise workers by analyzing the acquired data, and improves the use efficiency and the power supply efficiency of electric energy.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a smart meter proposed by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the software architecture of the smart meter proposed by the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a power consumption information collection system based on a smart meter according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the invention, as detailed in the appended claims.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a smart meter, including: the device comprises a hardware part, a power supply unit, a clock unit, a storage unit, a current sampling unit, a voltage sampling unit, a temperature sampling unit, a humidity sampling unit, a display unit, a communication interface unit and a switch interface unit, wherein the hardware part comprises a microprocessor, the power supply unit, the clock unit, the storage unit, the current sampling unit, the voltage sampling unit, the temperature sampling unit, the humidity sampling unit, the display; the power supply unit, the clock unit, the storage unit, the current sampling unit, the voltage sampling unit, the temperature sampling unit, the humidity sampling unit, the display unit, the communication interface unit and the switch interface unit are respectively connected with the microprocessor;
the microprocessor: the intelligent ammeter is a control core of the intelligent ammeter and is used for interacting with other units of the intelligent ammeter and completing various operations;
the power supply unit: the intelligent ammeter is used for providing power supply for each circuit of the intelligent ammeter;
the clock unit: the intelligent ammeter is used for providing a clock function for the intelligent ammeter;
the storage unit: the intelligent ammeter is used for storing various data acquired by the intelligent ammeter;
the current sampling unit: the device is used for collecting instantaneous current;
the voltage sampling unit: the device is used for collecting instantaneous voltage;
the temperature sampling unit: the temperature sensor is used for collecting a current temperature value;
the humidity sampling unit: the humidity sensor is used for collecting a current humidity value;
the display unit: for displaying various data;
the communication interface unit: for enabling communication with other devices;
the switch interface unit: the intelligent switch comprises a plurality of switch interfaces, each switch interface is connected with an intelligent switch, and at most 32 switch interfaces can be included.
The microprocessor of the intelligent electric meter adopts a single chip SOC, and the main current single chip solutions of the electric meter are ADE71xx series, 71M651x series, MSP430F4x series and the like. The ADE71xx series is a DSP solution from ADI corporation that integrates the meter analog front end, RTC and LCD drivers, using an 8052 core, in a dynamic range of 1000: the error of active power in 1 is less than 0.1%, and the error of reactive power is less than 0.5%. The microprocessor 71M651x series is a single-chip solution dedicated to three-phase electric energy meters, which is introduced by TERIDIAN corporation, and the internal part of the solution is composed of 3 modules, namely a metering sampling analog front-end module, a management module and an electric energy metering module, and the dynamic range is 2000: the active power error in 1 is less than 0.5%, the reactive power metering error is less than 1.0%, and all the indications meet the IEC62053/ANSIC 2.20 standard. Although the MSP430F4x series chip is not designed for the electric energy meter tablet solution, its internal structure and performance determine that it can be used as the master chip of the electric energy meter. The electric energy meter also has a sampling module, a metering module and a control module which are required by the electric energy meter, and can realize high-efficiency sampling conversion calculation and even output of electric energy pulses.
The power supply unit adopts a power supply mode of a transformer linear power supply, the power supply part of the microprocessor adopts full-wave rectification to convert the secondary alternating voltage of the transformer of the power supply unit into direct-current voltage, the direct-current voltage is stabilized at about 10V through the first voltage stabilizing diode, the direct-current voltage is input into the adjustable LDO, and the output voltage is about 4V.
Because an external RTC clock unit is needed to support a real-time clock and realize a multi-rate scheme, a standby battery is needed to supply power to the clock unit under the condition of system power failure. The power supply mode of the clock unit is as follows: when the power grid normally supplies power, the clock unit absorbs electric energy from the power grid, and when the power grid is in power failure, the standby battery provides power for the clock unit.
In the scheme, double diodes are adopted to select the voltage of a power grid and the voltage of a battery, when the power grid normally supplies power, the voltage of 4V is larger than the voltage of the battery, and due to the action of the double diodes, a clock unit selects a 4V power supply to supply power, and a standby battery is in a non-working state; when the power grid is in power failure, the double diodes are conducted in the opposite direction, and the clock unit selects the standby battery for power supply. The power supply unit is provided with a power grid voltage power failure and battery voltage detection network, wherein the power grid voltage power failure detection is to detect 10V direct-current voltage after full-wave rectification, the voltage of about 1.7V is generated at two ends of a divider resistor and input into a comparator in a microprocessor, when the power grid is in power failure, the comparator outputs a mark bit, and the microprocessor considers that the system is in power failure when detecting the mark bit, and performs operations such as data storage, system clock configuration and the like.
The clock unit has a calendar mode and a counting mode, when a flag bit RTCMODE in a control register of the clock unit is set, the clock unit is configured into the calendar mode, can provide information of second, minute, hour, week, day, month and year, supports a binary format or a BCD coding mode, has 5 interrupt sources, each interrupt source has an independent enable bit and a flag bit, and in the calendar mode, 5 interrupt sources are available, and can be combined with a priority level and an interrupt vector register to determine which interrupt request is executed. When RTCMODE resets, the counter mode is selected.
Referring to fig. 2, the smart meter of the present invention further includes a software part, the software part including: the system comprises an embedded operating system, a system initialization module, a clock calibration module, a parameter measurement module, a communication management module and a switch management module;
the embedded operating system: software and hardware used for managing the intelligent ammeter;
the system initialization module: the system is used for initializing the system after the intelligent electric meter is powered on;
the clock calibration module: for calibrating the clock;
the parameter measurement module: the device is used for measuring various parameter values;
the communication management module: the intelligent ammeter is used for managing communication between devices connected with the intelligent ammeter;
the switch management module: for managing the smart switch connected to the smart meter.
The crystal frequency of the driving clock unit is easy to change by the external environment temperature, so that the precision is not high, and the crystal frequency precision of the clock chip has a certain curve corresponding relation with the temperature. In a certain temperature range, the basic model of the relationship between the crystal frequency accuracy and the temperature is a parabola taking the frequency value corresponding to the standard temperature of 25 ℃ as the symmetry axis, although the accuracy is in the order of millionth, for the application of high-frequency measurement, the error cannot be ignored, and the accuracy of the real-time clock directly influences the relevant electrical parameter characteristics, so that the clock needs to be calibrated.
The clock calibration module is called once every 1 second, the temperature sensor in the temperature sampling unit is utilized to measure the current temperature value, and then the deviation of the crystal is compensated according to the characteristic curve of the temperature and the frequency accuracy of the crystal, so that the RTC keeps higher precision in the working temperature range. The clock calibration process comprises the following steps: firstly, judging whether the temperature of the temperature sensor changes or not, and if not, not needing calibration; if the temperature value changes, acquiring a current temperature value, and calibrating the clock by using a frequency value obtained by looking up a table according to a corresponding relation table between the temperature and the frequency accuracy, wherein the corresponding relation table is a nonlinear table of-40-100 ℃ temperature and crystal frequency listed according to a characteristic curve of the temperature and the frequency accuracy of the crystal.
The intelligent ammeter of the invention adopts a digital measurement method to measure various electric energy parameters, and the parameter measurement module measures the current effective value and the voltage effective value through the following formulas:
wherein, IrmsIs the effective value of the current, VrmsIs an effective value of voltage, KiTo current gain, KvV (k), I (k) are instantaneous voltage value and instantaneous current value at time k, respectively, for voltage gain; n is the number of samples in a sampling period, i.e. the sampling frequency. According to the Shannon sampling theorem, the sampling frequency for completely reconstructing the information is at least twice of the highest signal frequency, civil alternating current of most countries is 220V50Hz or 110V60Hz, a series of harmonic waves exist in a power frequency power grid, but the 4096 times/second sampling rate can ensure that power components within 2kHz cannot be lost, and great influence cannot be caused on the measurement accuracy of the electric parameters.
Active power is measured by the following formula:
wherein P is active power, KpFor the active power gain, v (k), i (k) are the instantaneous voltage value and the instantaneous current value at the time k, respectively; n is the number of samples in a sampling period, i.e. the sampling frequency.
The active power measurement is to sample the current and voltage signals in a certain sampling period, multiply and accumulate the instantaneous sampling values, and divide the instantaneous sampling values by the sampling times to obtain the average active power P in the period.
The communication management module comprises a serial port management submodule and a wireless management submodule, and the serial port management submodule manages serial port communication with other equipment; the wireless management sub-module manages wireless communication with other devices.
The serial interface is a main device for data communication between most electronic devices, and is widely used due to its simple communication mode and few wires.
And the serial port management submodule is used for managing the operation of the serial port, including setting the attribute of the serial port, opening the serial port and reading the serial port.
For the case that the operating system is embedded Linux, the serial port is often regarded as a specific device file located under the "/dev" directory, and if we use serial port 0, the transmitted data is stored in the system path/deWttySACO file. When the serial port parameters of the Linux system are configured and matched with the serial port equipment in the electric energy signal acquisition module, the data in the serial port equipment file can be output to standard output equipment by using a terminal command system ("cat/dev/ttySACO"), and the default standard output equipment in the system is a terminal interface. Wherein the system function systemO function is used for facilitating the operation of the terminal command indirectly by the user. The function executes the reading of the serial port data by newly establishing a subprocess, and the main process waits for the subprocess until the reading is finished.
But the aim is to display data information into a written graphical interface, and the information changes from moment to moment, so that the dynamic data needs to be extracted into a file for the graphical interface to call separately for storage.
The serial port reading implementation process of the serial port management submodule comprises the following steps:
adding a header file used in a serial port reading program;
defining a new int-type process ID number;
compiling a new subprocess function, reading the ammeter data in the file corresponding to the serial port and outputting the ammeter data to a new data.txt file;
setting a parent process to sleep for 1 second through a program, and terminating a child process by using a kill function of a system function;
opening a data.txt file for storing electric meter data in a read-only mode;
reading data in the first line of the data.txt file, and storing the data in the cache buf;
judging whether the data read at a certain moment starts from "- -", if not, reading the next line again until the complete data is read;
extracting specific numerical values in a row of completely matched data to a meter array for storage;
the newly built file dl.txt file is opened in a read-write mode;
and writing the value stored in the meter array into a dl.txt file for other devices to call.
Referring to fig. 3, the invention further provides a power consumption information acquisition system based on the smart meter, which comprises the smart meter, a plurality of smart switches connected with the smart meter, power consumption equipment controlled by the smart switches, and a central server connected with the smart meter;
the intelligent switch is characterized in that: receiving management of a switch management module of the intelligent electric meter, connecting the intelligent electric meter with one or more electric devices, and controlling the connected one or more electric devices;
the central server: and uniformly managing instruction issuing, data processing, communication transmission and service application of the intelligent electric meter-based power utilization information acquisition system.
Each switch interface of the switch interface unit of the intelligent electric meter is correspondingly connected with a current sampling unit and a voltage sampling unit;
the electricity consumption information acquisition system based on the intelligent electric meter can monitor the electricity consumption condition of the electric equipment controlled by each intelligent switch in real time by connecting the intelligent switches, and can control the electricity consumption power of the intelligent switch or other intelligent switches when the electricity consumption of the electric equipment controlled by a certain intelligent switch is too large. And the electricity consumption power is controlled by comparing the electricity consumption corresponding to different intelligent switches.
When the intelligent switch receives a closing instruction sent by the central server, the power supply to the electric equipment controlled by the intelligent switch is cut off; and when the intelligent switch receives a starting instruction sent by the central server, the intelligent switch starts power supply to the controlled electric equipment.
The central server acquires power utilization information corresponding to each intelligent switch of a user, wherein the power utilization information comprises load data, electric quantity data, meter reading data, electric energy quality data and abnormal alarm information; and the central server performs data analysis on the collected power utilization information and sends an analysis result to the user and related personnel of the power enterprise. For example, when the data analysis finds that the power consumption corresponding to a certain intelligent switch of the user is obviously abnormal, the user is reminded to pay attention to the intelligent switch.
The central server is used as a command center of the intelligent electric meter-based power consumption information acquisition system, and is used for uniformly managing instruction issuing, data processing, communication transmission and service application of the whole intelligent electric meter-based power consumption information acquisition system. The central server comprises a database server, a disk array, an application server and related network equipment. The central server can select centralized deployment or distributed deployment according to actual situations.
The central server adds the IP address or the MAC address into different groups or management domains according to the needs of power management, completes the services of data collection reading, analysis, statistics, service pushing and the like, guides residential area and residential users to reasonably use power, avoids peaks and fills valleys, efficiently uses electric energy, and provides convenience for people.
The central server collects power utilization information (load data, electric quantity data, meter reading data, electric energy quality data, abnormal alarm information and the like) of a user, and constructs an integrated data platform of various power utilization information of a power purchasing side, a power supply side and a power selling side through the relevant power utilization information acquired by the production system, so that data support is provided for marketing business.
The electric power industry personnel can access the central server through the workstation to complete the functions of collecting power utilization information, monitoring on line, analyzing load, electric quantity, electric energy quality and loss, issuing power supply information, charging urging, power purchase control, management and the like.
A user can access a Web server of a central server through a smart phone, a computer, a digital television and the like at home to finish services such as power utilization data inquiry, payment, policy learning, business browsing and the like.
The switch management module of the intelligent electric meter realizes the management of the intelligent switch by adopting a chain table structure, inserts a corresponding node into the chain table when the intelligent electric meter is additionally provided with an intelligent switch for connection every time, distributes a corresponding storage area corresponding to the node, and deletes the corresponding node and the corresponding storage area in the chain table when the intelligent electric meter is reduced by one intelligent switch for connection. Through the mode, dynamic management of the intelligent switch can be well achieved, and storage space can be effectively saved.
The intelligent electric meter used by the acquisition system has accurate timing, rich communication interfaces and easy expansion, and is convenient for electric power enterprises and users to use.
The electricity utilization information acquisition system based on the intelligent ammeter can acquire various electricity utilization information in real time, provides various useful information for users and electric power enterprise workers by analyzing the acquired data, and improves the use efficiency and the power supply efficiency of electric energy.
Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the invention and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains.
It will be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. An electricity consumption information acquisition system based on a smart electric meter comprises: the intelligent power supply system comprises an intelligent electric meter, a plurality of intelligent switches connected with the intelligent electric meter, electric equipment controlled by the intelligent switches and a central server connected with the intelligent electric meter;
the intelligent electric meter comprises a hardware part, wherein the hardware part comprises a microprocessor, a power supply unit, a clock unit, a storage unit, a current sampling unit, a voltage sampling unit, a temperature sampling unit, a humidity sampling unit, a communication interface unit and a switch interface unit; the power supply unit, the clock unit, the storage unit, the current sampling unit, the voltage sampling unit, the temperature sampling unit, the humidity sampling unit, the communication interface unit and the switch interface unit are respectively connected with the microprocessor; wherein,
the microprocessor: the intelligent ammeter is a control core of the intelligent ammeter and is used for interacting with other units of the intelligent ammeter and completing various operations;
the power supply unit: the intelligent ammeter is used for providing power supply for each circuit of the intelligent ammeter;
the clock unit: the intelligent ammeter is used for providing a clock function for the intelligent ammeter;
the storage unit: the intelligent ammeter is used for storing various data acquired by the intelligent ammeter;
the current sampling unit: the device is used for collecting instantaneous current;
the voltage sampling unit: the device is used for collecting instantaneous voltage;
the temperature sampling unit: the temperature sensor is used for collecting a current temperature value;
the humidity sampling unit: the humidity sensor is used for collecting a current humidity value;
the communication interface unit: for enabling communication with other devices;
the switch interface unit: the intelligent switch comprises a plurality of switch interfaces, wherein each switch interface is connected with an intelligent switch and can comprise 32 switch interfaces at most;
the intelligent switch is characterized in that: receiving management of a switch management module of the intelligent electric meter, connecting the intelligent electric meter with one or more electric devices, and controlling the connected one or more electric devices;
the central server: and uniformly managing instruction issuing, data processing, communication transmission and service application of the intelligent electric meter-based power utilization information acquisition system.
2. The electricity consumption information acquisition system based on the smart meter according to claim 1, wherein each switch interface of the switch interface units of the smart meter is correspondingly connected with a current sampling unit and a voltage sampling unit;
the electricity consumption information acquisition system based on the intelligent electric meter monitors the electricity consumption condition of the electricity consumption equipment controlled by each intelligent switch in real time by connecting the intelligent switches, and controls the electricity consumption power of the intelligent switch or other intelligent switches when the electricity consumption of the electricity consumption equipment controlled by a certain intelligent switch is too large.
3. The electricity consumption information collection system based on a smart meter as claimed in claim 1, wherein said smart meter further comprises a software part, said software part comprising: the system comprises an embedded operating system, a clock calibration module, a parameter measurement module, a communication management module and a switch management module;
the embedded operating system: software and hardware used for managing the intelligent ammeter;
the clock calibration module: for calibrating the clock;
the parameter measurement module: the device is used for measuring various parameter values;
the communication management module: the intelligent ammeter is used for managing communication between devices connected with the intelligent ammeter;
the switch management module: for managing the smart switch connected to the smart meter.
4. The electricity consumption information acquisition system based on the intelligent ammeter according to claim 3, wherein the communication management module of the intelligent ammeter comprises a serial port management submodule and a wireless management submodule, and the serial port management submodule manages serial port communication with other equipment; the wireless management sub-module manages wireless communication with other devices.
5. The electricity consumption information collection system based on the smart meter according to claim 4, wherein the embedded operating system of the smart meter is embedded Linux, the serial port management submodule is used for managing operations on the serial port, including setting serial port attributes, opening the serial port and reading the serial port, and the serial port reading implementation process of the serial port management submodule comprises:
adding a header file used in a serial port reading program;
defining a new int-type process ID number;
compiling a new subprocess function, reading the ammeter data in the file corresponding to the serial port and outputting the ammeter data to a new data.txt file;
setting a parent process to sleep for 1 second through a program, and terminating a child process by using a kill function of a system function;
opening a data.txt file for storing electric meter data in a read-only mode;
reading data in the first line of the data.txt file, and storing the data in the cache buf;
judging whether the data read at a certain moment starts from "- -", if not, reading the next line again until the complete data is read;
extracting specific numerical values in a row of completely matched data to a meter array for storage;
the newly built file dl.txt file is opened in a read-write mode;
and writing the value stored in the meter array into a dl.txt file for other devices to call.
6. The electricity information collection system based on the smart meter as claimed in claim 2, wherein the smart switch disconnects the power supply to the electricity utilization equipment controlled by the smart switch when receiving a closing instruction sent by the central server; and when the intelligent switch receives a starting instruction sent by the central server, the intelligent switch starts power supply to the controlled electric equipment.
7. The electricity consumption information collection system based on the smart meter according to claim 1, wherein the switch management module of the smart meter manages the smart switches by using a linked list structure, and inserts a corresponding node into the linked list and allocates a corresponding storage area to the node each time the smart meter increases one smart switch connection, and deletes the corresponding node and the corresponding storage area in the linked list when the smart meter decreases one smart switch connection.
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