CN105174832A - Heavy metal waste permanent solidification method - Google Patents
Heavy metal waste permanent solidification method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105174832A CN105174832A CN201510500648.XA CN201510500648A CN105174832A CN 105174832 A CN105174832 A CN 105174832A CN 201510500648 A CN201510500648 A CN 201510500648A CN 105174832 A CN105174832 A CN 105174832A
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- heavy metal
- metal waste
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
Powder-shaped or slurry-shaped heavy metal waste, cement, quartz powder, fibers and additives are mixed according to certain ratios, heavy metal waste is employed as a doping material directly, and the heavy metal waste particles are solidified in tobermorite crystals with a stable structure permanently. Because an extrusion method is employed for production, the production efficiency is raised greatly, many structures with irregular shapes can be generated, utilization of heavy metal waste is accelerated, and the method has an important meaning to national treatment of heavy metal pollution. The permanent solidification method solves the heavy metal waste pollution problem, and additional products produced through the method such as tiles, pipes or plates meet the national safety standard. Through the production method, only 1-2 days are needed and the heavy metal waste permanent solidification purpose can be achieved. The production cycle is shortened greatly, the processing capability for heavy metal waste is raised, and the purposes of the permanent solidification method are achieved.
Description
(1) technical field
The invention belongs to field of environment engineering technology, it relates to the permanent cured method of a heavy metal species waste.
(2) background technology
At present, what heavy metal waste, waste water etc. were serious endangers the physical environment of China, heavy metal contamination has badly influenced the production environment of people, the solution of heavy metal pollution problem, it is an extremely urgent problem, but solve three kinds of conventional methods of heavy metal waste pollutant both at home and abroad: landfill method, cement brick method, sintering process; Inherently a kind of waste to resource that these methods have, otherwise be exactly that Financial cost is high, be unfavorable for promoting.Landfill method refers to and has dug landfill foundation ditch, carries out anti-leakage layer, then inserted in hole by heavy metal waste pollutant, and cover clay at the end, hole, then on clay seam, plants tree etc.But there is a lot of shortcoming in landfill method, its serious waste of resources, needs to take a large amount of land area, and can cause secondary pollution to surrounding enviroment, the method is very uneconomical simultaneously, landfill method investment is large, dig on a wide area, and big area does anti-leakage layer, cover clay, plant tree etc., all need extensive fund to drop into, and drop into how really there is no output.Cement brick method refers to that a heavy metal waste pollutant mixes in the middle of sand-cement slurry brick by ratio, but there is following shortcoming equally in the method: sand-cement slurry brick surface irregularity, paint film is covered on surface also difficulty, heave metals trace elements is easily revealed in surface, heavy metal waste parameter in sand-cement slurry brick is limited, difficult heavy metal waste pollutant in enormous quantities.Refer to that a heavy metal waste sludge or clay are made into clay brick and carry out sintering fragment of brick into as sintering process, reach curing heavy metal waste pollutant object, but it is high that vitrified brick makes energy consumption, when mud or the clay component complexity of heavy metal waste pollutant, vitrified brick difficult quality ensures, and vitrified brick use range is limited, measure the little process heavy metal waste pollutant amount that makes also limited.
For solving the deficiency of aforesaid method, the invention provides the novel process that a heavy metal species waste pollutant is permanent cured.
(3) summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the permanent cured method of a heavy metal species waste, there is not land occupation resource, energy consumption is low, can by permanent cured for heavy metal waste, after solidification, heave metals trace elements does not leach and does not reveal, invest little, production efficiency is high, and the product application scope that the method is produced is wide.
Solution of the present invention is on the basis of existing technology, adopts the permanent cured method of following heavy metal waste:
1. prepare burden: the heavy metal waste of powder or slurry shape and cement, silica powder or china clay, fiber, additive are carried out proportioning by a certain percentage;
2. slurrying: by for subsequent use after the batching in 1. and water mixing and stirring;
3. embryo processed, shaping: will 2. described in slurry adopt extrusion moulding to make product blank;
4. steam-cured: product blank is produced in steaming and cultivating equipment back warp high-pressure steaming and cultivating the product that chemical reaction generates stable tobermorite crystal.
The present invention is owing to carrying out proportioning by a certain percentage by the heavy metal waste of powder or slurry shape and cement, silica powder, fiber, additive, direct employing heavy metal waste is as ginseng material, by constitutionally stable tobermorite crystal, heavy metal waste particle is permanently set in its crystal, and owing to adopting extrusion molding to produce, substantially increase production efficiency, and a lot of erose structure can be produced, accelerate the utilization of heavy metal waste, state treatment heavy metal contamination is significant.Due in whole production process, all raw material is all grind under the environment of relative closure, proportioning, mixing, stir, the slurry of configuration is all carry in closed conduit, and feed back and waste disposal are also all dispose in closed unit, secondary pollution can not be produced to environment in whole production process, all raw material is all carry at closed conduit, feed back and waste disposal are also all that encloses container and closed conduit realize, whole process is all adopt automatic machinery to produce, whole production is without any leakage, in process before heavy metal castoff, heavy metal waste and people isolate, heavy metal element can not produce harm to the health of direct labor.The present invention, by batching, slurrying, embryo forming processed, steam-cured, finally forms the tobermorite crystal wrapping up heavy metal waste particle.And due to after tobermorite curing heavy metal waste, in leaching experiment, its leaching parameter of heavy metal element is well below national standard, visible, adopt this permanent cured method, not only solve heavy metal waste pollution problem, adopt the addition product produced of the method simultaneously: watt, pipe or plate, also reach national safety standard.Adopt this production method, it needs within 1-2 days, just can reach the permanent cured object of heavy metal waste, compared with needing maintenance 28 days with traditional employing cement solidification heavy metal waste, its production cycle shortens greatly, increase the processing power of heavy metal waste, thus reach object of the present invention.
Paste consistency after feature of the present invention is also described batching and water mixing and stirring is 3%-45%.The very applicable employing of this concentration is copied and is followed the example of production.
Paste consistency after feature of the present invention is also described batching and water mixing and stirring is 40%-95%.This concentration is applicable to adopting extrusion molding to produce very much.
Feature of the present invention is also that described fiber is fortifying fibre.
Feature of the present invention is also that described fortifying fibre is mineral fibre, vegetable fibre or man-made fiber.
Feature of the present invention is also that described cement is Portland cement or aluminosulfate cement.
Feature of the present invention is also that the fineness of described heavy metal waste is more than 80 orders.When the fineness of heavy metal waste is more than 80 orders, because its particle diameter is less, be more conducive to its particle wrap up in be contained in tobermorite crystal permanent cured.The fineness of heavy metal waste can be that 90 orders, 100 orders, 110 orders, 120 orders, 130 order 140 orders, 150 orders, 160 orders, 170 orders, 180 orders, 190 orders, 200 orders are even higher.
Feature of the present invention is also that the fineness of described silica powder is more than 80 orders.When the fineness of silica powder is more than 80 orders, be conducive to its main component SiO2 and better participate in reaction.
Feature of the present invention is also that the fineness of described heavy metal waste is about 200 orders.About the fineness of heavy metal waste is 200 orders, its structure being cured in tobermorite is the most stable.
Feature of the present invention is also that the fineness of described silica powder is about 200 orders.When the fineness of silica powder is 200 order left and right, the utilization ratio that SiO2 participates in reaction is the highest, can more effectively make each substance reaction generate tobermorite crystal.
Feature of the present invention is also that the quality proportion of described batching is attached most importance to metal waste 20%-60%, cement 10%-50%, quartz sand 20%-50%, additive 0.1%-20%, fiber 5%-10%, filler 0-30%.Described filler is flyash, volcanic ash, dicalcium powder, carbide slurry, wilkinite, diatomite, industrial waste, perlite, glass bead, mica etc.When heavy metal waste mixes slurrying by the amount of 27-39%, the addition product of its permanent cured method watt, plate, pipe steady quality, dependable performance, rational siliceous material and calcareous material proportioning are only the key of quality.
Feature of the present invention is also that described slip adopts vertical mixing or Horizontal stirring method to stir.Adopt above-mentioned conventional alr mode, not only people can expect isolation, and each component can be allowed to be mixed to get evenly, avoid the phenomenon occurring that reaction is uneven.
Feature of the present invention is also that described copying gets that the method for forming adopts half chests net to copy to follow the example of, net cage copy follow the example of, flow slurry copy follow the example of, collect slurry copy follow the example of, net belt type copies and follows the example of.
Feature of the present invention be also described product be tobermorite crystal watt, pipe or plate.
Feature of the present invention is also that described product first carries out precuring before steam-cured.Like this, because product first carries out precuring before steam-cured, make to be convenient in demoulding between product and mould after steam-cured.
Feature of the present invention is also to be brushed with releasing agent between described product and mould.Make to be convenient in demoulding between product and mould like this after steam-cured.
Feature of the present invention is also that described steam curing temperature is 139-248 degree, vapor pressure 0.8-2.1Mp, and the steam-cured time is 6-40 hour.Be 0.8-2.0Mp at vapor pressure, steam curing temperature is 139-248 when spending, and in steam curing device, the steam-cured time is obtain tobermorite crystal in 6-40 hour.Its best steam curing temperature is 180-205 degree, and best vapor pressure is 1.2-1.4Mp, and the best steam-cured time is 8-30 hour.This mode of production of visible employing, compared with needing maintenance 28 days with traditional cement solidification heavy metal waste, its production cycle shortens greatly, increases the processing power of heavy metal waste.
Feature of the present invention is also that described product is provided with anti-leaching layer.When needing the place of more high safety grade at some, the surface of addition product of the permanent cured method of heavy metal waste can carry out surface treatment, on its surface, anti-leaching layer is set, anti-leaching layer is set on the surface of addition product simultaneously, also people's this product more acceptant can be allowed in the application of public sphere and building field, be conducive to the application of addition product, thus facilitate the process of heavy metal waste.Described anti-leaching layer is cementitious capillary waterproofing material.Because cementitious capillary waterproofing material is a kind of permanent rigidity water-proofing material, when it is applied to this addition product surperficial, can extraordinaryly prevent product from directly contacting with water, reach the object preventing heavy metal element from leaching, anti-leaching rete also can be paint film, low temperature porcelain facing, Waterproof glue line, composite bed etc.
(4) accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the production scheme of the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 2 is watt structure iron being provided with anti-leaching layer;
Fig. 3 is watt structure iron being provided with anti-leaching layer;
Fig. 4 is watt structure iron being provided with anti-leaching layer.
(5) embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment one: the manufacturing process of the permanent cured method addition product of heavy metal waste watt
1. material: heavy metal waste 30%, fortifying fibre 8%, cement 30%, silica powder 30%, additive 1%, glass fibre 1%; Silica powder fineness is about 200 orders, and the fineness of heavy metal waste is about 80-200 order; Can by above-mentioned materials by mixing equipment mix again with water proportioning after slurrying, also can adopt computer slurrying; The present embodiment adopts computer slurrying;
2. computer slurrying: utilize the modes such as pipeline pumping, helical feed, weighing belt, electronic grout flow meter, LOAD CELLS above-mentioned materials to be realized in mass ratio Automatic pulp making, slurrying concentration 45%;
3. copy and get into base: utilize diameter 1650 millimeters of forming tubes once can produce three 180 long unbaked tiles;
4. vacuum forming: adopt the shaping stacking of three station vacuum forming machines;
5. precuring: quietly in precuring kiln stop 8 hours;
6. the demoulding: utilize two station strippers to carry out the demoulding, stacking, add steam-cured backing plate;
7. steam-cured: to utilize steam-cured still steam-cured, steam curing temperature 197 degree, pressure 1.3Mp;
8. plate is piled up neatly: utilize two stations to realize automatically piling up neatly plate, getting steam-cured backing plate;
9. check: on verifying bench, realize self-verifying salable product;
10. post-processed:
Oven dry is gathered dust: utilize dryer, dust-precipitator realizes oven dry and gather dust;
Embodiment two: the manufacturing process of the addition product plate of the permanent cured method of heavy metal waste
1. material mixture ratio: heavy metal waste pollutant 30%, cement 30%, silica powder 30%, fortifying fibre 8%, additive 2%; Can by above-mentioned materials by mixing equipment mix again with water proportioning after slurrying, also can adopt computer slurrying; The present embodiment adopts computer slurrying;
2. computer slurrying: utilize pipeline pumping, helical feed, weighing belt, electronic grout flow meter, LOAD CELLS etc. to realize Automatic pulp making, slurrying concentration 45%;
3. copy and get into base: utilize diameter 1650 millimeters of forming tubes once can produce 2 2.44 meters of long slab bases;
4. vacuum stacking: utilize three station vacuum stackers to realize a plate one mould stacking;
5. suppress: utilize 14000 tons of press to realize more than 50 millimeters thick plates, high-density plate is processed;
6. precuring: quietly in precuring kiln stop 8 hours;
7. the demoulding: utilize two station strippers to carry out the demoulding, stacking, add steam-cured backing plate;
8. steam-cured: to utilize steam-cured still steam-cured, steam curing temperature 197 degree, pressure 1.3Mp;
9. plate is piled up neatly: utilize two stations to realize automatically piling up neatly plate, getting steam-cured backing plate;
10. check: on verifying bench, realize self-verifying salable product;
post-processed
Oven dry is gathered dust: utilize dryer, dust-precipitator realizes oven dry and gather dust;
Case study on implementation three: the manufacturing process of the addition product pipe of the permanent cured method of heavy metal waste
1. material: heavy metal waste pollutant 30%, cement 30%, quartz sand 30%, fortifying fibre 8%, additive 2%;
2. computer slurrying: utilize pipeline pumping, helical feed, weighing belt, electronic grout flow meter, LOAD CELLS etc. to realize Automatic pulp making, slurrying concentration 45%;
3. copy and get tubulation: utilize to copy and get the pipe that the long 4 meters of thickness 50 millimeters of diameter 1 meter made by tubing machine;
4. the demoulding: utilize electronic de-pipe device automatic demoulding;
5. precuring: quietly stop maintenance;
6. steam-cured: to utilize steam-cured still steam-cured, steam curing temperature 197 degree, pressure 1.3Mp;
7. pipe is piled up neatly: utilize Special crane or other transportation means to realize automatically piling up neatly pipe;
8. check; 9. put in storage.
As described in Figure 2, watt a surface smear have the anti-leaching layer of one deck, as described in Figure 3, watt two surfaces be all coated with the anti-leaching layer of one deck, as described in Figure 4, watt a surface smear have composite bed.In above-mentioned accompanying drawing, 1 is anti-leaching layer, and 2 is pantile.
When heavy metal waste mixes slurrying by the amount of 27-39%, watt, plate, manage all steady qualities, dependable performance, rational siliceous material and calcareous material proportioning are only the key of quality.The encaustic tile produced in embodiment 1 not only color is gorgeous, and intensity is obviously high than common asbestos tile.Meanwhile, the pressure-proof and snap-resistent intensity of the permanent cured explained hereafter of heavy metal waste pipe out, plate is far above the Portland cement plate on existing market and cement pipe.
Claims (10)
1. the permanent cured method of a heavy metal species waste, is characterized in that:
1. prepare burden: the heavy metal waste of powder or slurry shape and cement, silica powder or china clay, fiber, additive are carried out proportioning by a certain percentage;
2. slurrying: by for subsequent use after the batching in 1. and water mixing and stirring;
3. embryo processed, shaping: will 2. described in slurry adopt extrusion moulding to make product blank;
4. steam-cured: product blank is produced in steaming and cultivating equipment back warp high-pressure steaming and cultivating the product that chemical reaction generates stable tobermorite crystal.
2. the permanent cured method of a heavy metal species waste according to claim 1, is characterized in that the quality proportion of described batching is attached most importance to metal waste 20%-60%, cement 10%-50%, quartz sand 20%-50%, additive 0.1%-20%, fiber 5%-10%, filler 0-30%.
3. the permanent cured method of a heavy metal species waste according to claim 2, is characterized in that the paste consistency after described batching and water mixing and stirring is 40%-95%.
4. the permanent cured method of a heavy metal species waste according to claim 1, is characterized in that described fiber is fortifying fibre; Described fortifying fibre is mineral fibre, vegetable fibre or man-made fiber.
5. the permanent cured method of a heavy metal species waste according to claim 1, is characterized in that described cement is Portland cement or aluminosulfate cement.
6. the permanent cured method of a heavy metal species waste according to claim arbitrary in claim 1 to 5, is characterized in that the fineness of described heavy metal waste is more than 80 orders; Or the fineness of described heavy metal waste is about 200 orders; Or the fineness of described silica powder is more than 80 orders; Or the fineness of described silica powder is about 200 orders.
7. the permanent cured method of a heavy metal species waste according to claim 2, is characterized in that described filler is flyash, volcanic ash, dicalcium powder, carbide slurry, wilkinite, diatomite, industrial waste, perlite, glass bead, mica etc.; Or described slip adopts vertical mixing or Horizontal stirring method to stir; Or described copying is got, and the method for forming adopts half chests net to copy to follow the example of, net cage copy follow the example of, flow slurry copy follow the example of, collect slurry copy follow the example of, net belt type copies and follows the example of.
8. the permanent cured method of a heavy metal species waste according to claim arbitrary in claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that described product be tobermorite crystal watt, pipe or plate; Or described product first carries out precuring before steam-cured; Or be brushed with releasing agent between described product and mould.
9. the permanent cured method of a heavy metal species waste according to claim arbitrary in claim 1 to 5, is characterized in that described steam curing temperature is 140-230 degree; Or described vapor pressure 0.8-2.0Mp; Or the described steam-cured time is 6-40 hour.
10. the permanent cured method of a heavy metal species waste according to claim arbitrary in claim 1 to 5, is characterized in that described product is provided with anti-leaching layer; Or described anti-leaching rete is cementitious capillary waterproofing material; Or described anti-leaching rete also can be paint film, low temperature porcelain facing, Waterproof glue line, composite bed etc.
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| CN201510500648.XA CN105174832A (en) | 2015-08-09 | 2015-08-09 | Heavy metal waste permanent solidification method |
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| CN201510500648.XA CN105174832A (en) | 2015-08-09 | 2015-08-09 | Heavy metal waste permanent solidification method |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101041575A (en) * | 2007-04-27 | 2007-09-26 | 蓬莱市金正建材有限责任公司 | Gold ore tailing sand concrete encaustic tile and manufacturing technique |
| JP2011147887A (en) * | 2010-01-22 | 2011-08-04 | Kanto Kanzai:Kk | Method for effectively using eco-resource slag |
| CN102850011A (en) * | 2011-07-01 | 2013-01-02 | 北京建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司 | Technological process for preparing active powder concrete by using iron tailing |
| CN103113075A (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2013-05-22 | 山东高阳建材有限公司 | Low-density aerated concrete product and preparation method thereof |
| CN103342510A (en) * | 2013-07-02 | 2013-10-09 | 江苏华东尾矿治理工程有限公司 | Method for preparing aerated concrete by utilizing lead zinc tailings |
-
2015
- 2015-08-09 CN CN201510500648.XA patent/CN105174832A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101041575A (en) * | 2007-04-27 | 2007-09-26 | 蓬莱市金正建材有限责任公司 | Gold ore tailing sand concrete encaustic tile and manufacturing technique |
| JP2011147887A (en) * | 2010-01-22 | 2011-08-04 | Kanto Kanzai:Kk | Method for effectively using eco-resource slag |
| CN102850011A (en) * | 2011-07-01 | 2013-01-02 | 北京建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司 | Technological process for preparing active powder concrete by using iron tailing |
| CN103113075A (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2013-05-22 | 山东高阳建材有限公司 | Low-density aerated concrete product and preparation method thereof |
| CN103342510A (en) * | 2013-07-02 | 2013-10-09 | 江苏华东尾矿治理工程有限公司 | Method for preparing aerated concrete by utilizing lead zinc tailings |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 王立久: "《建筑材料工艺原理》", 31 March 2006, 中国建材工业出版社 * |
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Application publication date: 20151223 |