A kind of copper-chromium contact material suitable for contactor and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of copper-chromium contact material suitable for contactor and preparation method thereof, belongs to metal-based compound material
Material field.
Background technology
Contact plays a part of to connect, carries and breaking current, is the heart component of contactor, and its performance is to a great extent
Determine performance and its reliability of operation of contactor.Therefore contactor has the requirement of harshness to contact, it is desirable to have:①
Good arc resistant scaling loss ability, 2. high fusion welding resisting ability, the mechanical life that 3. grows, 4. good electrical and thermal conductivity performance.
At present, conventional probe of contactor material is silver-colored tungsten or copper tungsten, but obtained contact tungsten particle in prior art
Skewness, is easily layered, and consistency is low, it is impossible to meet the use requirement of contactor.Silver-colored tungsten or copper tungsten contact are generally using molten
Need to add minor metallic element when oozing method to manufacture, but manufacturing using infiltration method technique, such as nickel, cobalt, iron, improve metal pair
The wettability of tungsten, to obtain the contact of densification.As the metallic element for adding is micro, they are difficult to be uniformly dispersed and can not
Effective on tungsten particle surface, metal is caused effectively to improve the wettability of tungsten, the metal liquid of infiltration is not
Be enough to full of pressed compact, thus result in that contact consistency is not ideal enough, metallographic structure is not uniform enough, contact arc resistant scaling loss ability
Low.
Content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is for drawbacks described above, provides a kind of copper chromium contact suitable for contactor
Material and preparation method thereof.It is a kind of threadiness directed tissue copper chromium material, simultaneously, also has with good electric conductivity
High anti-electricity ablation property, meets and improves contactor service life.The present invention instead of existing AgW, CuW in contactor and touch
Head material, reduces cost, noble metal is saved, while improve contactor service life.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves its technical problem employing is as follows:A kind of copper chromium contact material suitable for contactor
Material, it is become to be grouped into by following percentage by weight:Cr is 40-50%, balance of Cu;It is micro- that its raw material is respectively 200-300
The Cr powder of rice and less than 300 microns of Cu powder, the copper-chromium contact material is the copper chromium material of fibrous directed tissue.
Additionally, the preparation method of the copper-chromium contact material suitable for contactor, comprises the following steps:
(1) raw material are selected
The Cu powder of the Cr powder from 200-300 micron and less than 300 microns;The Cr powder and Cu powder are by following step
Suddenly make:Respectively Cr block and Cu rod being put in stainless steel jar mill, process being vacuumized to ball grinder, vacuum is less than 6Pa,
Be then charged with inert protective gas, vacuumize-gas replenishment process in triplicate, with emptying ball grinder air that may be present, prevent
Aoxidize;The closed ball milling tank for vacuumizing is put into ball mill, carries out ball milling;Ball milling takes out ball grinder after terminating, using pin
In managing toward ball grinder, injection 80~90ml absolute ethyl alcohol during this, keeps the circulation of inert gas as wet grinding media, in order to avoid
Inert protective atmosphere is destroyed, then carries out wet-milling;After wet-milling terminates, powder is taken out, drying box drying is put into, is finally respectively obtained
Cr powder and Cu powder;
(2) powder is mixed
By Cu powder: Cr powder=6: 4~5: 5 weight proportion, and by Cu powder and the mixed powder of Cr powder: copper ball=1: 1 weight
Amount proportioning carries out ball milling and mixes powder 3-10 hour;
(3) isostatic cool pressing
It is bar that mixed powder after will be mixed loads rubber sleeve isostatic cool pressing, and pressure is 150-300Mpa, and the dwell time is
3-20 minute;
(4) jacket
The bar pressed in step (3) is loaded copper sheathing, copper sheathing thickness is 1-5mm, is evacuated to 1pa-10-2Pa is carried out very
Empty sealing;
(5) extrude
Bar after jacket is sealed is heated to 50-500 DEG C, is incubated -120 minutes 30 minutes, is carried out using hydraulic press cold
Extruding or Warm Extrusion, extrusion deformation degree are 20%-95%, and hydraulic press tonnage is 100-1000T;
(6) Ageing Treatment
Bar after extruding carries out Ageing Treatment, and aging temp is 200-500 DEG C, is incubated 1-4 hour;After Ageing Treatment
Bar is the contact material suitable for contactor.
Preferably, in step (1), Ball-milling Time is 5h~20h, and rotating speed is 200~300rpm;The wet-milling time be 5h~
15h, rotating speed are 200~400rpm;Baking temperature is 100~150 DEG C, and the time is 10~20h.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, carried out using the cold isostatic press with aluminium alloy clamping plate in step (3) cold
Isostatic pressed, temperature control are 20 DEG C.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, when the Ageing Treatment in step (6) includes low-temperature space preageing, high-temperature region
Effect and low-temperature space timeliness again.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the low-temperature space preageing be by the bar after extruding by room temperature extremely
200 DEG C, held for some time at such a temperature;The high temperature region aging is that the bar after extruding is warming up to 400 DEG C, in the temperature
The lower held for some time of degree, subsequent continuous warming to 500 DEG C, held for some time at such a temperature;Low-temperature space timeliness again
It is that the bar after extruding is cooled to room temperature by 500 DEG C, then will be by room temperature to 300 DEG C, one timing of insulation at such a temperature
Between.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the held for some time is all identical every time.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1. reduce the consumption of noble metal, economize on resources;
2. using chromium replace W Ag, production cost greatly reduces;
3. compare electric life to be brought up to 50W time by original 30W time, contactor service life is improved;
4. compared with prior art, evenly, consistency and hardness are higher for the metallographic structure of gained contact material for the present invention,
Arc resistant scaling loss ability is also higher, and resistivity is low.
5. the whole manufacture process of the inventive method does not use toxic chemical substance and does not produce any waste water and other are useless
Gurry, and technique is more simple.
Brief Description Of Drawings
Fig. 1 is the metallographic structure figure of the CuCr40 contact material suitable for contactor prepared in accordance with the method for the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the metallographic structure figure of the CuCr50 contact material suitable for contactor prepared in accordance with the method for the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described further below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Embodiment 1
A kind of CuCr40 contact material suitable for contactor, it is become to be grouped into by following percentage by weight:Cr is
40% or so, balance of Cu;Its raw material is respectively the Cr powder of 200-300 micron and less than 300 microns of Cu powder, the copper chromium
Contact material is the copper chromium material of fibrous directed tissue.
The preparation method of the described CuCr40 contact material suitable for contactor, comprises the following steps:
(1) raw material are selected
The Cu powder of the Cr powder from 200-300 micron and less than 300 microns;The Cr powder and Cu powder are by following step
Suddenly make:Respectively Cr block and Cu rod being put in stainless steel jar mill, process being vacuumized to ball grinder, vacuum is less than 6Pa,
Be then charged with inert protective gas, vacuumize-gas replenishment process in triplicate, with emptying ball grinder air that may be present, prevent
Aoxidize;The closed ball milling tank for vacuumizing is put into ball mill, carries out ball milling;Ball milling takes out ball grinder after terminating, using pin
In managing toward ball grinder, injection 80~90ml absolute ethyl alcohol during this, keeps the circulation of inert gas as wet grinding media, in order to avoid
Inert protective atmosphere is destroyed, then carries out wet-milling;After wet-milling terminates, powder is taken out, drying box drying is put into, is finally respectively obtained
Cr powder and Cu powder;
(2) powder is mixed
By Cu powder: Cr powder is about 6: 4 weight proportion, and by Cu powder and the mixed powder of Cr powder: copper ball=1: 1 weight is joined
Powder 3-10 hour is mixed than carrying out ball milling;
(3) isostatic cool pressing
It is bar that mixed powder after will be mixed loads rubber sleeve isostatic cool pressing, and pressure is 150-300Mpa, and the dwell time is
3-20 minute;
(4) jacket
The bar pressed in step (3) is loaded copper sheathing, copper sheathing thickness is 1-5mm, is evacuated to 1pa-10-2Pa is carried out very
Empty sealing;
(5) extrude
Bar after jacket is sealed is heated to 50-500 DEG C, is incubated -120 minutes 30 minutes, is carried out using hydraulic press cold
Extruding or Warm Extrusion, extrusion deformation degree are 20%-95%, and hydraulic press tonnage is 100-1000T;
(6) Ageing Treatment
Bar after extruding carries out Ageing Treatment, and aging temp is 200-500 DEG C, is incubated 1-4 hour;After Ageing Treatment
Bar is the contact material suitable for contactor.
In step (1), Ball-milling Time is 5h~20h, and rotating speed is 200~300rpm;The wet-milling time is 5h~15h, and rotating speed is
200~400rpm;Baking temperature is 100~150 DEG C, and the time is 10~20h.
Step carries out isostatic cool pressing using the cold isostatic press with aluminium alloy clamping plate in (3), and temperature control is 20 DEG C.
Ageing Treatment in step (6) includes low-temperature space preageing, high temperature region aging and low-temperature space timeliness again.
The low-temperature space preageing is to 200 DEG C by the bar after extruding by room temperature, is incubated at such a temperature certain
Time;The high temperature region aging is that the bar after extruding is warming up to 400 DEG C, and held for some time, subsequently connects at such a temperature
Continue and 500 DEG C are warming up to, at such a temperature held for some time;The low-temperature space again timeliness be by the bar after extruding by 500 DEG C
It is cooled to room temperature, then will be by room temperature to 300 DEG C, held for some time at such a temperature.
The held for some time is all identical every time.
Embodiment 2
A kind of CuCr50 contact material suitable for contactor, it is become to be grouped into by following percentage by weight:Cr is
50% or so, balance of Cu;Its raw material is respectively the Cr powder of 200-300 micron and less than 300 microns of Cu powder, the copper chromium
Contact material is the copper chromium material of fibrous directed tissue.
The preparation method of the described CuCr50 contact material suitable for contactor, comprises the following steps:
(1) raw material are selected
The Cu powder of the Cr powder from 200-300 micron and less than 300 microns;The Cr powder and Cu powder are by following step
Suddenly make:Respectively Cr block and Cu rod being put in stainless steel jar mill, process being vacuumized to ball grinder, vacuum is less than 6Pa,
Be then charged with inert protective gas, vacuumize-gas replenishment process in triplicate, with emptying ball grinder air that may be present, prevent
Aoxidize;The closed ball milling tank for vacuumizing is put into ball mill, carries out ball milling;Ball milling takes out ball grinder after terminating, using pin
In managing toward ball grinder, injection 80~90ml absolute ethyl alcohol during this, keeps the circulation of inert gas as wet grinding media, in order to avoid
Inert protective atmosphere is destroyed, then carries out wet-milling;After wet-milling terminates, powder is taken out, drying box drying is put into, is finally respectively obtained
Cr powder and Cu powder;
(2) powder is mixed
By Cu powder: Cr powder is about 5: 5 weight proportion, and by Cu powder and the mixed powder of Cr powder: copper ball=1: 1 weight is joined
Powder 3-10 hour is mixed than carrying out ball milling;
(3) isostatic cool pressing
It is bar that mixed powder after will be mixed loads rubber sleeve isostatic cool pressing, and pressure is 150-300Mpa, and the dwell time is
3-20 minute;
(4) jacket
The bar pressed in step (3) is loaded copper sheathing, copper sheathing thickness is 1-5mm, is evacuated to 1pa-10-2Pa is carried out very
Empty sealing;
(5) extrude
Bar after jacket is sealed is heated to 50-500 DEG C, is incubated -120 minutes 30 minutes, is carried out using hydraulic press cold
Extruding or Warm Extrusion, extrusion deformation degree are 20%-95%, and hydraulic press tonnage is 100-1000T;
(6) Ageing Treatment
Bar after extruding carries out Ageing Treatment, and aging temp is 200-500 DEG C, is incubated 1-4 hour;After Ageing Treatment
Bar is the contact material suitable for contactor.
In step (1), Ball-milling Time is 5h~20h, and rotating speed is 200~300rpm;The wet-milling time is 5h~15h, and rotating speed is
200~400rpm;Baking temperature is 100~150 DEG C, and the time is 10~20h.
Step carries out isostatic cool pressing using the cold isostatic press with aluminium alloy clamping plate in (3), and temperature control is 20 DEG C.
Ageing Treatment in step (6) includes low-temperature space preageing, high temperature region aging and low-temperature space timeliness again.
The low-temperature space preageing is to 200 DEG C by the bar after extruding by room temperature, is incubated at such a temperature certain
Time;The high temperature region aging is that the bar after extruding is warming up to 400 DEG C, and held for some time, subsequently connects at such a temperature
Continue and 500 DEG C are warming up to, at such a temperature held for some time;The low-temperature space again timeliness be by the bar after extruding by 500 DEG C
It is cooled to room temperature, then will be by room temperature to 300 DEG C, held for some time at such a temperature.
The held for some time is all identical every time.
Through experimental test, the physicochemical property such as table of respective obtained CuCr40 and CuCr50 contact material in above-described embodiment
Shown in 1.
Table 1
The whole manufacture process of the inventive method does not use toxic chemical substance and does not produce any waste water and other are discarded
Thing, and technique is more simple, and reduce the consumption of noble metal, economize on resources.Obtained by this method suitable for contactor
Copper-chromium contact material using chromium replace W Ag, production cost greatly reduces;Electric life is compared by 30W time original raising
To 50W time, contactor service life is improved;The present invention compared with prior art, the metallographic structure of gained contact material evenly,
Consistency and hardness higher, arc resistant scaling loss ability is also higher, and resistivity is low.
The above, is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not does any pro forma restriction to the present invention, every according to
According to any simple modification that above example is made in the technical spirit of the present invention, equivalent variations, the guarantor of the present invention is each fallen within
Within the scope of shield.