CN105018740B - Vacuum reduction furnace for electromagnetic induction heating melting reduction of magnesium metal - Google Patents
Vacuum reduction furnace for electromagnetic induction heating melting reduction of magnesium metal Download PDFInfo
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- CN105018740B CN105018740B CN201510479899.4A CN201510479899A CN105018740B CN 105018740 B CN105018740 B CN 105018740B CN 201510479899 A CN201510479899 A CN 201510479899A CN 105018740 B CN105018740 B CN 105018740B
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- hopper
- heater
- iron core
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of vacuum metallurgy equipment, in particular to a vacuum reduction furnace for electromagnetic induction heating melting reduction of magnesium metal. The vacuum reduction furnace comprises a furnace body (1), a hopper (4) made of a hard insulating material is arranged in the furnace body (1), and a center channel penetrating the bottom face of the hopper (4) is arranged in the center position of the hopper (4); one or more annular grooves (7) are concentrically arranged in the bottom face of the hopper (4), and iron in the solid state or the molten state is arranged in the grooves (7); a rectangular iron core (6) is arranged in the furnace body (1), one side of the rectangular iron core (6) penetrates the center channel of the hopper (4), and the other side of the rectangular iron core (6) is wound with a primary side coil (9); and the leading-out end of a copper winding of the primary side coil (9) is led out of the furnace through an insulation sealing device on the furnace body (1) so as to be connected with a power device. The vacuum reduction furnace is reasonable in design, distribution of a temperature field of the reduction furnace can be adjusted, and the heat transferring efficiency is high; and the vacuum reduction furnace is used for thermal reduction production of high-vapor-pressure metal such as magnesium, lithium, strontium and calcium and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to vacuum metallurgy equipment technical field, specially a kind of electromagnetic induction heating melting and reducing magnesium metal is true
Empty reduction furnace, can be used for the equipment that thermal reduction prepares the high-vapor-pressure metals such as magnesium, lithium, strontium, calcium.
Background technology
The high-vapor-pressure metals such as magnesium, lithium, strontium, calcium, it is possible to use thermal reduction is prepared under vacuum.At present in metal
In magnesium production field, widely used reduction apparatus is to directly heat the reductive jar by made by heat-resisting alloy using combustion gas etc..This
Method is limited by reduction jar structure and material property, and reaction temperature is low, heat transfer is slow, high energy consumption, and due to the oxidation of reductive jar
Equal loss consumes the nichrome of costliness in a large number.
The problems such as electric heating fusion reducing furnace can overcome the high energy consumption of external-heat reduction furnace and reductive jar to consume.Such as U.S.
Patent 2,971,833 disclosed a kind of molten state magnesium reducing furnace of AC resistance stove principle in 1961.Reduction is in stone
Ink is to carry out in the electroslag conduction stove of liner.Alternating current power supply melts Conductive Slag by upper graphite electrode, and graphite liner is formed back
Road.The joule heating effect of loop current causes Conductive Slag to maintain molten condition and provide the heat needed for reduction reaction.Reduction
Reaction is then solid with liquid and liquid liquid two ways occurs.React in liquid, the mass transfer of material is easy compared with solid-state, therefore response speed
Hurry up, the recovery time greatly shortens.Raw material enters stove with block, it is not necessary to crushing, ball processed and briquetting, greatly reduces and works into
This, improves production efficiency.U.S. Patent 4,699,653. disclosed a kind of molten state for being referred to as MINTEK in 1987
Metal magnesium reduction furnace.The stove heats the Conductive Slag in the burner hearth with graphite as liner using direct-current arc, and electric current is equally Jing
Upper graphite electrode, melts Conductive Slag, and graphite liner forms loop.
Prior art exist problem be：Firstly the need of being equipped with first slag in burner hearth.Stove from cold start when need it is extra
Facility and operation, start-up course are complicated, using inconvenience.The loss at high temperature of graphite electrode and graphite liner is larger, equipment dimension
Shield high cost.
The content of the invention
For the technical barrier of existing electrothermal melting state vacuum reduction stove, the present invention provides a kind of electromagnetic induction heating melting
Reducing metal magnesium vacuum reduction stove, produces for high-vapor-pressure metal thermal reductions such as magnesium, lithium, strontium, calcium.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that realization：
A kind of electromagnetic induction heating melting and reducing magnesium metal vacuum reduction stove, including body of heater, be provided with the body of heater by
Hopper made by hard insulating material, the central part of the hopper are provided through the central passage of hopper bottom, and hopper is arbitrary
Section on individual radius takes the shape of the letter U；The hopper bottom has been arranged concentrically one or more annular ditch groove, is provided with the groove
The ferrum of solid-state or molten state.
Rectangle iron core is provided with the body of heater, and a line of the rectangle iron core passes through the central passage of hopper, described
The another a line of rectangle iron core is wound with primary coil；Insulated enclosure on the copper winding exit Jing bodies of heater of the primary coil
Device is led to.
Heat-insulation layer is provided between the body of heater and hopper；Heat-insulation layer is provided between the rectangle iron core and hopper；Then
The splicing of heat-insulation layer, hopper and rectangle iron core is fixed.
Feeding-passage is provided with the top of the body of heater, the feeding-passage after the heat-insulation layer with hopper UNICOM.
The bottom of furnace body is provided with slagging channel, and the slagging channel is joined with hopper intracavity bottom after running through heat-insulation layer and hopper
It is logical.
The upper of furnace body connects crystallisation chamber by metallic vapour passage, is provided with insulation in the metallic vapour passage
Layer, offers on the metallic vapour passage and slightly take out mouth.
Water collar is provided with outside the crystallisation chamber, and the crystallisation chamber top is provided with essence and takes out mouth.
During work, the reduction furnace charge of powdery is seated in into feed hopper bottom by the feeding-passage at the top of body of heater first, directly
With the ferrum of feed hopper bottom and remaining material residue（The last residue smelted）Contact.The top reloading of powdery reduction furnace charge is granular
Or the furnace charge of bulk.The magnetic field of alternation is produced in the core by the high-frequency alternating current that supply unit is applied on copper winding.Should
The magnetic field of alternation produces induced current in the annular ferrum of feed hopper bottom, and the heat that electric current is produced is by conduction and radiates two kinds of sides
Formula is heated to remaining material residue and furnace charge.After furnace charge and material residue are heated to molten condition, which also has electric conductivity, inside which
Induced current also produce heat jointly furnace charge heated.By this electromagnetic induction process, electric energy is contactlessly transmitted
To iron hoop and melting material residue heating reaction furnace material and supply reduction reaction.With the melting of furnace charge, reduction reaction is consolidated and liquid in liquid
Liquid two ways occurs.Finally, furnace charge is all melted, and reduction reaction is completed.
Slag-drip opening is provided with the side of feed hopper bottom.After the completion of reduction reaction, vacuum breaker opens slag-drip opening, the material of liquid
Slag will flow out automatically；By the way of air pump pressurization material residue can also be promoted quickly to discharge.Due to due to density difference, compared with
The molten iron of weight will not be discharged in sinking to the groove of feed hopper bottom, produced to the induced current when next cycle of operation is initial
Heat；Unnecessary molten iron is discharged with material residue, as density is different, can be separated and collected with material residue in the outer molten iron of stove.
In reduction process, in thick vacuumizing phase using mouth pumping is slightly taken out, so as to the floating dust in furnace chamber gas will not be deposited
In crystallisation chamber reduce the purity of Crystalline Magnesium.When higher vacuum is reached, now gas flow is very low, and closing is slightly taken out
Mouthful, evacuation at mouth is taken out from the essence through crystallisation chamber.
Preferably, a line of iron core is located on the axis of cylindrical furnace chamber, and through the center of hollow circle tube hopper,
Furnace shell wall is pressed close on other three sides of iron core.
Further, in order that the charging of reduction furnace is more convenient.
Design reduction ceiling portion is provided with multiple feeding-passages, falls to loading hopper from this furnace charge naturally.
Compared with prior art, advantage specific as follows of the invention：
1st, hopper is made up of hard insulating material, does not require the use of conductive graphite liner, cheap, under high temperature not
Preferably damage, operation expense is low.
2nd, initial heater is the ferrum in feed hopper bottom groove, and the low-silicon iron remained in furnace charge in reduction process can be to which
It is continuously replenished, unnecessary molten iron can be drained with material residue.Initial heater is not required to safeguard in running.
3rd, the material residue in hopper must can be drained as far as possible, it is not necessary to as heater when leaving recrement for being again started up.
The furnace charge of new loading can be more left in the space of hopper for.So the reduction furnace can be using the Batch Process of similar Pidgeon process
Flow process, to obtain the product than existing process higher purity.
4th, the distributed number of the ring-shaped groove of feed hopper bottom needs design according to thermal field.In heating process, Temperature Distribution is equal
It is even, no heat spot.
5th, electric supply installation puts on power supply on the primary coil of one Equivalent Transformer, and supply voltage is high, feeding electrode
Electric current is little.Feeding electrode is not contacted with heater simultaneously, thus without using water cooled electrode, furnace binding is simple, thermal loss
It is little.
6th, the low-silicon iron remained after furnace charge reduction reaction can be recovered.
7th, the reduction furnace in the course of the work need not continuous charging, and adopt disposable feed way, will not also destroy plus
Thermocurrent loop, the so reduction furnace can also be easy to and existing Pidgeon process work using the Batch Process flow process of similar Pidgeon process
Skill is compatible, and the difficulty of technique conversion and risk are reduced.
8th, furnace shell is monolithically fabricated, and no movable part, furnace shell facilitate implementation sealing, it is allowed to which reduction process is in various vacuum bars
Carry out under part.
The present invention is reasonable in design, can adjust the distribution in reduction furnace temperature field, and heat transfer efficiency is fast；It is mainly used in magnesium, lithium,
The high-vapor-pressure metal such as strontium, calcium thermal reduction is produced.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 represents the structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 represents electromagnetic assembly profile.
In figure, 1- bodies of heater, 2- crystallisation chambers, 3- reduction furnace charges, 4- hoppers, 5- metallic vapour passages, 6- rectangle iron cores, 7- ditches
Groove, 8- heat-insulation layers, 9- primary coils, 10- feeding-passages, 11- slagging channels, 12- water cooled pipelines, 13- slightly take out mouth, and 14- essences are taken out
Mouthful, 15- water collars.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
A kind of electromagnetic induction heating melting and reducing magnesium metal vacuum reduction stove, including body of heater, is vertical heater.
As shown in figure 1, being provided with hopper 4 by made by hard insulating material in body of heater 1, the central part of the hopper 4 sets
There is the central passage through 4 bottom surface of hopper, then section of the hopper on any one radius is substantially u-shaped；4 bottom surface of the hopper is same
The heart is provided with one or more annular ditch groove 7, is provided with the ferrum of solid-state or molten state in the groove 7, annular ferrum as plus
Hot body.The shape of cross section of groove 7 is inverted trapezoidal short under upper length.
As shown in figure 1, being provided with rectangle iron core 6 in the body of heater 1, a line of the rectangle iron core 6 is through hopper 4
Central passage and on the central axis of cylindrical furnace, is also provided with insulation between the central passage of hopper and rectangle iron core 6
Layer 8.Furnace shell wall is pressed close on other three sides of iron core.The another a line of the rectangle iron core 6 is wound with primary coil 9, positioned at former limit
The water collar 12 of perpendicular arrangement is provided with the inside of coil windings（As shown in Figure 2）；The copper winding of the primary coil 9
Insulation seal device on exit Jing bodies of heater is led to.Copper winding is applied to by supply unit
On high-frequency alternating current produce the magnetic field of alternation in the core, the magnetic field of the alternation is produced in the annular ferrum of feed hopper bottom inducts
Electric current, and then heat furnace charge.
As shown in figure 1, being provided with heat-insulation layer 8 between the body of heater 1 and hopper 4；Between the rectangle iron core 6 and hopper 4
It is provided with heat-insulation layer 8；Then heat-insulation layer 8, hopper 4 and rectangle iron core 6 splicing is fixed.So casing temperature is only slightly higher than environment temperature
Degree, so body of heater is made using common straightcarbon steel.Common straightcarbon steel is the abbreviation of carbon structural steel, belongs to mild steel, is contained
Carbon amounts is less than 0.38%, with the most commonly used less than 0.25%.
The hopper 4 is made using alumina hollow ball；Alumina hollow ball is a kind of new high temperature insulating material, it
With commercial alumina, in electric furnace, melting blowing is formed, and crystal formation is a-Al2O3Microcrystal.Based on alumina hollow ball,
Variously-shaped product is can be made into, 1800 DEG C of maximum operation (service) temperature, products machinery intensity are high, are the several times of general light weight product, and
Bulk density is only 1/2nd of corundum products.In petrochemical industry gasification furnace, carbon black industry reacting furnace, metallurgical industry faradism
It is used widely on the high temperature such as stove, superhigh temperature kiln, achieves well-content energy-saving effect.
The heat-insulation layer 8 is made using ceramic fiber blanket.Ceramic fiber blanket has low heat conductivity, low heat capacity, excellent
Chemical stability, excellent heat stability and shock resistance, excellent tensile strength, excellent sound absorption properties, are heat insulating refractory materials
In excellent materials.
As shown in figure 1, be provided with feeding-passage 10 at the top of the body of heater 1, the feeding-passage 10 after heat-insulation layer 8 with hopper
4 UNICOMs.The body of heater is monolithic construction, and furnace charge is directly thrown in hopper 4 by feeding-passage 10, first by the reduction furnace charge of powdery
Feed hopper bottom is seated in, is directly in close contact with the ferrum of feed hopper bottom and remaining material residue, then granular or block furnace charge is put into
The top of furnace charge is reduced to powdery.After on iron core, primary coil is powered, the heat that electric current is produced in annular ferrum is by conduction and spoke
Penetrate two ways to heat remaining material residue and powdery furnace charge, accelerate the programming rate of furnace charge.When powdery furnace charge and material residue add
To after molten condition, which also has electric conductivity to heat, and its internal induced current also produces heat jointly to granular and bulk material
Heated, reduction reaction is solid in liquid and liquid liquid two ways occurs.Finally, furnace charge is all melted, and reduction reaction is completed.
As shown in figure 1,1 bottom of the body of heater is provided with slagging channel 11, the slagging channel 11 after heat-insulation layer 8 with hopper
4 bottom UNICOMs；The slag-drip opening is located exactly above groove 7, after the completion of reaction, and due to action of gravity, molten iron is sunk in groove, no
Can flow out with slag, be that heating is prepared next time.
As shown in figure 1, the upper of furnace body connects crystallisation chamber 2, the metallic vapour passage 5 by metallic vapour passage 5
Heat-insulation layer 8 is inside provided with, is offered on the metallic vapour passage 5 and slightly take out mouth 13.Water collar is provided with outside the crystallisation chamber 2
15,2 top of the crystallisation chamber is provided with essence and takes out mouth 14.In thick vacuumizing phase using mouth pumping is slightly taken out, so as in furnace chamber gas
Floating dust will not be deposited in a crystallizer and reduce the purity of Crystalline Magnesium.When higher vacuum is reached, now gas flow has been
Very low, mouth is slightly taken out in closing, takes out a mouthful evacuation from the essence through crystallizer., inside vacuum environment, stress is very for whole heater
It is little, and due to the protection of vacuum it is not oxidizable.
Above-mentioned vacuum reduction stove is mainly used in the production of the high-vapor-pressure metal thermal reductions such as magnesium, lithium, strontium, calcium.
It should be noted last that, above example is only unrestricted to illustrate technical scheme, although ginseng
It has been described in detail according to the embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those within the art that, to technical scheme
Modify or equivalent, without departure from the spirit and scope of technical scheme, which all should cover the present invention's
In claims.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of electromagnetic induction heating melting and reducing magnesium metal vacuum reduction stove, including body of heater（1）, it is characterised in that：The stove
Body（1）The hopper by made by hard insulating material is provided with inside（4）, the hopper（4）Central part be provided through hopper（4）Bottom
The central passage in face；The hopper（4）Bottom surface has been arranged concentrically one or more annular ditch groove（7）, the groove（7）Inside set
There is the ferrum of solid-state or molten state；
The body of heater（1）Rectangle iron core is provided with inside（6）, the rectangle iron core（6）A line pass through hopper（4）Center lead to
Road, the rectangle iron core（6）A line be located at cylindrical furnace（1）Central axis on, the rectangle iron core（6）It is another
Bar side is wound with primary coil（9）；The primary coil（9）Copper winding exit Jing bodies of heater on insulation seal device draw
It is connected to stove is outer with supply unit；
The body of heater（1）And hopper（4）Between be provided with heat-insulation layer（8）；The rectangle iron core（6）And hopper（4）Between arrange
There is heat-insulation layer（8）；Then heat-insulation layer（8）, hopper（4）And rectangle iron core（6）Splicing is fixed；
The body of heater（1）Top is provided with feeding-passage（10）, the feeding-passage（10）Through heat-insulation layer（8）Afterwards with hopper（4）Connection
It is logical；
The body of heater（1）Bottom is provided with slagging channel（11）, the slagging channel（11）Through heat-insulation layer（8）And hopper（4）Afterwards with
Hopper（4）Intracavity bottom UNICOM；
The body of heater（1）Top passes through metallic vapour passage（5）Connection crystallisation chamber（2）, the metallic vapour passage（5）Interior setting
There is heat-insulation layer（8）, the metallic vapour passage（5）On offer（13）；
The crystallisation chamber（2）It is provided with outward water collar（15）, the crystallisation chamber（2）Top is provided with essence and takes out mouth（14）.
2. electromagnetic induction heating melting and reducing magnesium metal vacuum reduction stove according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Body of heater（1）Made using common straightcarbon steel, the hopper（4）Made using alumina hollow ball；The heat-insulation layer（8）Using pottery
Porcelain tapetum fibrosum is made.
3. electromagnetic induction heating melting and reducing magnesium metal vacuum reduction stove according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that：
The rectangle iron core（6）It is provided with the inside of upper winding and primary coil（9）Vertically arranged water collar（12）.
4. electromagnetic induction heating melting and reducing magnesium metal vacuum reduction stove according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：It is described
Hopper（4）The reduction furnace charge of powdery is initially charged with inside（3）, load block or granular reduction furnace charge afterwards（3）.
5. electromagnetic induction heating melting and reducing magnesium metal vacuum reduction stove according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Hopper（4）The slag-drip opening of bottom is located exactly at groove（7）Top.
6. electromagnetic induction heating melting and reducing magnesium metal vacuum reduction stove according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：It is described
Groove（7）Shape of cross section be inverted trapezoidal short under upper length.
7. electromagnetic induction heating melting and reducing magnesium metal vacuum reduction stove according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Body of heater（1）Top is provided with multiple feeding-passages（10）.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510479899.4A CN105018740B (en) | 2015-08-07 | 2015-08-07 | Vacuum reduction furnace for electromagnetic induction heating melting reduction of magnesium metal |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510479899.4A CN105018740B (en) | 2015-08-07 | 2015-08-07 | Vacuum reduction furnace for electromagnetic induction heating melting reduction of magnesium metal |
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| CN105018740B true CN105018740B (en) | 2017-03-22 |
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| CN201510479899.4A Expired - Fee Related CN105018740B (en) | 2015-08-07 | 2015-08-07 | Vacuum reduction furnace for electromagnetic induction heating melting reduction of magnesium metal |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107990713B (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2024-03-12 | 山西大学 | Single-screw embedded excitation type electromagnetic induction internal heat magnesium vacuum reduction furnace |
| CN108050839B (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2024-03-12 | 山西大学 | Double-screw embedded excitation type electromagnetic induction internal heat magnesium vacuum reduction furnace |
| CN110629041B (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2024-03-19 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Antimony oxide reduction smelting device |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104651636A (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2015-05-27 | 牛强 | Vacuum electrothermal magnesium smelting apparatus with protector |
| CN204848984U (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2015-12-09 | 山西大学 | Electromagnetic induction heating melting reducing metal magnesium vacuum reduction stove |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101376932B (en) * | 2007-08-31 | 2010-11-10 | 清华大学 | Preparation and preparing apparatus for magnesium-based composite material |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104651636A (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2015-05-27 | 牛强 | Vacuum electrothermal magnesium smelting apparatus with protector |
| CN204848984U (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2015-12-09 | 山西大学 | Electromagnetic induction heating melting reducing metal magnesium vacuum reduction stove |
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