CN104950445A

CN104950445A - Virtual image display device and head-mounted display

Info

Publication number: CN104950445A
Application number: CN201510133976.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 米洼政敏
Original assignee: Seiko Epson Corp
Current assignee: Seiko Epson Corp
Priority date: 2014-03-27
Filing date: 2015-03-25
Publication date: 2015-09-30
Anticipated expiration: 2035-03-25
Also published as: US10282906B2; TW201602639A; KR20150112852A; EP2947503A1; JP6413291B2; CN104950445B; US20150279114A1; EP2947503B1; JP2015191026A

Abstract

The invention provides a virtual image display device and a head-mounted display with the same, wherein the virtual image display device has simple structure and can magnify image light and the head-mounted display enables an observer to identify easily. The virtual image display device (1) includes: an image generator (3) generating a picture light beam modulated based on a video signal; and an optical element (5) including a plane of incidence (56) to which the picture light beam emitted from the image generator is input, and an exit surface (57) emitting the picture light beam after a cross-sectional area of the picture light beam input to the plane of incidence has been enlarged. The optical element (5) includes a first light guide (51) and a second light guide (52) connecting the plane of incidence and the exit surface and guiding the picture light beam. A first light branching layer (54) is disposed between the first and second light guides, and partially reflects and partially transmits the picture light beam. The picture light beam emitted from the image generator obliquely enters the first light branching layer.

Description

Virtual image display apparatus and head mounted display

Technical field

The present invention relates to virtual image display apparatus and head mounted display.

Background technology

In recent years, such as head mounted display (HMD), as the formation of the virtual image and the virtual image display apparatus of observation can be carried out, propose the various light guide plate that utilizes and the image light from display element is guided to the device of the type of the eyeball of observer.

As such virtual image display apparatus, such as, be known to the head mounted display shown in patent documentation 1.

Head mounted display described in patent documentation 1 is keep strokes the ground structure of action thus the head mounted display of the easy identification of observer by becoming the eyes made to the image light of pupil entry and people.But, for such head mounted display, in order to make the keeping strokes of eyes to the image light of pupil entry and people, needing the testing agency of eyeball position, for changing the structure (eyepiece, the position change mechanism of image light injection unit, control part) etc. of position of injection pupil, thus having the problem of complex structure.

Patent documentation 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2011-75956

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide simple structure, can magnified image light virtual image display apparatus and possess such virtual image display apparatus and the head mounted display of the easy identification of observer.

Such object is realized by following the present invention.

Virtual image display apparatus of the present invention, is characterized in that,

Above-mentioned virtual image display apparatus comprises:

Image production part, it generates the image light after based on signal of video signal modulation; And

Optical element, it has the plane of incidence and outgoing plane, and the above-mentioned image light penetrated from above-mentioned image production part incides this plane of incidence, is exaggerated the above-mentioned image light of the sectional area to the above-mentioned image light after above-mentioned plane of incidence incidence from the injection of this outgoing plane,

Above-mentioned optical element has:

First light guide section and the second light guide section, above-mentioned first light guide section and above-mentioned second light guide section connect the above-mentioned plane of incidence and above-mentioned outgoing plane, lead to the above-mentioned image light penetrated from above-mentioned image production part; And

First optical branch layer, it is located between above-mentioned first light guide section and above-mentioned second light guide section, and a part for the above-mentioned image light penetrated from above-mentioned image production part is reflected, and make a part for above-mentioned image light through,

The above-mentioned image light penetrated from above-mentioned image production part is relative to above-mentioned first optical branch layer oblique incidence.

Thereby, it is possible to provide simple structure and the virtual image display apparatus that can amplify the image light generated by image production part.

In virtual image display apparatus of the present invention, be preferably configured to, above-mentioned optical element has above-mentioned first light guide section and above-mentioned second light guide section is 1 the one 1 dimension array arranged with tieing up along first direction.

Thereby, it is possible to make the image light multipath reflection in optical element generated by image production part, thus above-mentioned image light can be amplified further.

In virtual image display apparatus of the present invention, be preferably configured to, above-mentioned optical element have above-mentioned first light guide section and above-mentioned second light guide section along the second direction different from above-mentioned first direction be 1 arrange with tieing up the 21 tie up array,

Above-mentioned 21 dimension array configurations is, makes the above-mentioned image light of the outgoing plane injection of the above-mentioned one 1 dimension array from a side incident to the plane of incidence of above-mentioned 21 dimension array.

Thereby, it is possible to amplify the image light generated by image production part on first direction and second direction.

In virtual image display apparatus of the present invention, be preferably configured to, the outgoing plane of above-mentioned one 1 dimension array is connected with above-mentioned 21 plane of incidence tieing up array.

Thereby, it is possible to improve light utilization ratio further.

In virtual image display apparatus of the present invention, be preferably configured to, above-mentioned optical element also has:

3rd light guide section, it connects the above-mentioned plane of incidence and above-mentioned outgoing plane, and leads to above-mentioned image light; And

Second optical branch layer, it is located between above-mentioned first light guide section and above-mentioned 3rd light guide section, and a part for above-mentioned image light is reflected, and make a part for above-mentioned image light through,

Above-mentioned first light guide section and above-mentioned second light guide section arrange along first direction, and above-mentioned first light guide section arranges along the second direction different from above-mentioned first direction with above-mentioned 3rd light guide section.

In virtual image display apparatus of the present invention, preferably be configured to, on the above-mentioned plane of incidence, along above-mentioned first light guide section in the direction that above-mentioned first light guide section and above-mentioned second light guide section arrange and the width of above-mentioned second light guide section less than the width of the above-mentioned image light in the direction arranged along above-mentioned first light guide section and above-mentioned second light guide section respectively.

Thereby, it is possible to make the image light multipath reflection in optical element generated by image production part, thus the homogeneity of the intensity distributions of the image light from outgoing plane injection can be improved further.

In virtual image display apparatus of the present invention, be preferably configured to, the above-mentioned plane of incidence is identical relative to the absolute value at the angle of inclination of above-mentioned first optical branch layer with above-mentioned outgoing plane.

Thereby, it is possible to make the amount of the refraction of the image light to plane of incidence incidence identical with the amount of the refraction of the image light penetrated from outgoing plane, thus the generation of aberration can be prevented.

In virtual image display apparatus of the present invention, be preferably configured to, above-mentioned virtual image display apparatus also possesses light deflector, and this light deflector makes the direction from the above-mentioned image light of the above-mentioned outgoing plane injection of above-mentioned optical element to the eyes of observer deflect,

Above-mentioned smooth deflector has holographic element.

Thereby, it is possible to easily adjust the angle of the image light that the eyes towards observer guide, beam state.

In virtual image display apparatus of the present invention, be preferably configured to, above-mentioned virtual image display apparatus also has amplification light guide section, and the above-mentioned image light 2 penetrated from above-mentioned optical element amplifies by this amplification light guide section with tieing up,

Above-mentioned amplification light guide section possesses:

Light incident section, above-mentioned image light incides this light incident section;

First amplifies light guide section, its there is the first reflecting surface of being obliquely installed to the incident direction of above-mentioned smooth incident section incidence relative to above-mentioned image light and be arranged in parallel with above-mentioned first reflecting surface, a part for above-mentioned image light is reflected and make a part for above-mentioned image light through the second reflecting surface; And

Second amplifies light guide section, and it leads to through the above-mentioned image light after above-mentioned second reflecting surface.

Thereby, it is possible to make to amplify light guide section and second from the image light of optical element injection first to amplify light guide section multipath reflection, thus above-mentioned image light can be amplified further.

In virtual image display apparatus of the present invention, be preferably configured to, the light source that above-mentioned image production part possesses injection light and the photoscanner that the above-mentioned light penetrated from this light source is scanned.

Thereby, it is possible to make distinct image light incident to optical element.

In virtual image display apparatus of the present invention, be preferably configured to, the spatial light modulating apparatus that above-mentioned image production part possesses light source and modulates the light penetrated from this light source based on above-mentioned signal of video signal.

In virtual image display apparatus of the present invention, be preferably configured to, above-mentioned image production part has organic EL panel.

Thereby, it is possible to make distinct image light incident to amplification optics portion, and the miniaturization of image production part can be realized.

Head mounted display of the present invention, is characterized in that, possesses virtual image display apparatus of the present invention, and is installed on the head of observer.

Thereby, it is possible to provide observer the head mounted display of easy identification.

In head mounted display of the present invention, preferably be configured to, above-mentioned optical element is configured to, under the state of head being installed on above-mentioned observer, the left eye of above-mentioned observer and the direction of right eye arrangement amplify the sectional area of the above-mentioned image light of the above-mentioned outgoing plane injection from above-mentioned optical element.

Thereby, it is possible to provide observer to be more prone to the head mounted display of identification.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the figure of the brief configuration of the head mounted display that the virtual image display apparatus possessing the first embodiment is shown.

Fig. 2 is the brief perspective views of the head mounted display shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the figure of the structure that the virtual image display apparatus shown in Fig. 1 is schematically shown.

Fig. 4 is the figure of the structure that the image production part shown in Fig. 2 is schematically shown.

Fig. 5 is the figure of an example of the drive singal that the drive singal generating unit shown in Fig. 4 is shown.

Fig. 6 is the vertical view in the photoscanning portion shown in Fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is the cut-open view (cut-open view along X1 axle) in the photoscanning portion shown in Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is the figure of the brief configuration that the optical element shown in Fig. 3 is shown, Fig. 8 (a) is front view, and Fig. 8 (b) is vertical view, and Fig. 8 (c) is right view, and Fig. 8 (d) is left hand view.

Fig. 9 is the figure in the path for illustration of the image light to the optical element incidence shown in Fig. 8.

Figure 10 is the figure in the path for illustration of the image light to the optical element incidence shown in Fig. 8.

Figure 11 is the figure of the brief configuration that the optical element that the virtual image display apparatus of the second embodiment possesses is shown, Figure 11 (a) is front view, Figure 11 (b) is vertical view, and Figure 11 (c) is right view, and Figure 11 (d) is left hand view.

Figure 12 is the figure in the path for illustration of the image light to the optical element incidence shown in Figure 11.

Figure 13 is the figure of the brief configuration that the optical element that the virtual image display apparatus of the 3rd embodiment possesses is shown, Figure 13 (a) is front view, Figure 13 (b) is vertical view, and Figure 13 (c) is right view, and Figure 13 (d) is left hand view.

Figure 14 is the figure in the path for illustration of the image light to the optical element incidence shown in Figure 13.

Figure 15 is the figure that the optical element that the virtual image display apparatus of the 4th embodiment possesses is shown, Figure 15 (a) is vertical view, and Figure 15 (b) is side view.

Figure 16 is the figure in the path for illustration of the image light to the optical element incidence shown in Figure 15.

Figure 17 is the figure of the brief configuration that the image production part that the virtual image display apparatus of the 5th embodiment possesses is shown.

Figure 18 is the figure of the brief configuration that the image production part that the virtual image display apparatus of the 6th embodiment possesses is shown.

Figure 19 is the figure of the brief configuration that the image production part that the virtual image display apparatus of the 7th embodiment possesses is shown.

Figure 20 is the figure of the brief configuration that the image production part that the virtual image display apparatus of the 8th embodiment possesses is shown.

Figure 21 is the figure of other example that the optical element shown in Fig. 3 is shown, Figure 21 (a) is front view, and Figure 21 (b) is vertical view, and Figure 21 (c) is right view, and Figure 21 (d) is left hand view.

Embodiment

Below, with reference to accompanying drawing being preferred embodiment described virtual image display apparatus of the present invention and head mounted display.

First embodiment

Fig. 1 is the figure of the brief configuration of the head mounted display that the virtual image display apparatus possessing the first embodiment is shown, Fig. 2 is the brief perspective views of the head mounted display shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is the figure of the structure that the virtual image display apparatus shown in Fig. 1 is schematically shown, Fig. 4 is the figure of the structure that the image production part shown in Fig. 2 is schematically shown, Fig. 5 is the figure of an example of the drive singal that the drive singal generating unit shown in Fig. 4 is shown, Fig. 6 is the vertical view in the photoscanning portion shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 7 is the cut-open view (cut-open view along X1 axle) in the photoscanning portion shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 8 is the figure of the brief configuration that the optical element shown in Fig. 3 is shown, Fig. 8 (a) is front view, Fig. 8 (b) is vertical view, Fig. 8 (c) is right view, Fig. 8 (d) is left hand view, Fig. 9 is the figure in the path for illustration of the image light to the optical element incidence shown in Fig. 8, Figure 10 is the figure in the path for illustration of the image light to the optical element incidence shown in Fig. 8.Further, Figure 21 is the figure of other example that the optical element shown in Fig. 3 is shown, Figure 21 (a) is front view, and Figure 21 (b) is vertical view, and Figure 21 (c) is right view, and Figure 21 (d) is left hand view.

In addition, in Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 3, Fig. 8, Fig. 9, for ease of explanation, as mutually orthogonal three axles, illustrate X-axis, Y-axis and Z axis, and the front of this illustrated arrow is set to "+(just) ", base end side is set to "-(bearing) ".Further, the direction parallel with X-axis is set to " X-direction ", the direction parallel with Y-axis is set to " Y direction ", and the direction parallel with Z axis is set to " Z-direction ".

Herein, X-axis, Y-axis and Z axis are set as, when virtual image display apparatus 1 is installed on the head H of observer, X-direction becomes the left and right directions of head H, and Y direction becomes the above-below direction of head H, and Z-direction becomes the fore-and-aft direction of head H.

As shown in Figure 1, the head mounted display (head-mounted type virtual image display apparatus) 10 possessing the virtual image display apparatus 1 of present embodiment is formed as the such outward appearance of glasses, use in the mode being installed on the head H of observer, the image of the state identification virtual image that observer has been superposed with external image with the image of the virtual image.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, head mounted display 10 has virtual image display apparatus 1 and framework 2, and this virtual image display apparatus 1 has image production part 3, magnifying optics 4 and reflecting part 6.

In this head mounted display 10, image production part 3 forms the image light after based on signal of video signal modulation, magnifying optics 4 amplifies the width of light beam (sectional area) of this image light, and the image light after being amplified by magnifying optics 4 is guided the eye E Y to observer by reflecting part 6.Thereby, it is possible to the virtual image making observer's identification corresponding with signal of video signal.

Further, it is that the image production part 3 that virtual image display apparatus 1 possesses, magnifying optics 4 and reflecting part 6 are separately positioned on right side and the left side of framework 2 that head mounted display 10 arranges, with YZ plane for reference symmetry (symmetrical).The image production part 3 arranged on the right side of framework 2, magnifying optics 4 and reflecting part 6 form the virtual image of right eye, and the image production part 3 arranged in the left side of framework 2, magnifying optics 4 and reflecting part 6 form the virtual image of left eye.

In addition, in the present embodiment, head mounted display 10 arranges image production part 3, magnifying optics 4 and reflecting part 6 respectively on the right side of framework 2 and left side and forms the structure of the virtual image of right eye and the virtual image of left eye, but be not limited thereto, such as also only image production part 3, magnifying optics 4 and reflecting part 6 can be set in the left side of framework 2, and only form the virtual image of left eye.Further, such as also only image production part 3, magnifying optics 4 and reflecting part 6 can be set on the right side of framework 2, and only form the virtual image of right eye.That is, head mounted display of the present invention is not limited to the head mounted display 10 of eyes type as the present embodiment, also can be the head mounted display of simple eye type.

Below, each portion of head-mounted display 10 is described in detail successively.

In addition, two image production parts, 3, two magnifying opticss 4 and two reflecting parts 6 have identical structure respectively, thus are described centered by the image production part 3 arranged in the left side of framework 2, magnifying optics 4 and reflecting part 6 below.

Framework

As shown in Figure 2, framework 2 is formed as the such shape of frame, has the function that the image production part 3, magnifying optics 4 and the reflecting part 6 that possess virtual image display apparatus 1 support.

The temple 22 that framework 2 has anterior 21 and stretches out along Z-direction from the two ends, left and right of front portion 21, this front portion 21 has frame 211 and in the shade portion 212.

In the shade portion 212 have suppress extraneous light through function, be supporting reflecting part 6 parts.In the shade portion 212 has the recess 27 towards observer's side opening within it, is provided with reflecting part 6 at this recess 27.And the in the shade portion 212 of supporting this reflecting part 6 is supported by frame 211.

Further, nose support 23 is provided with at the central portion in the shade portion 212.Nose support 23 abuts with the nose NS of observer when head mounted display 10 is installed on head H by observer, thus head mounted display 10 is supported on the head H of observer.

Temple 22 is for the straight temple of not giving angle of hooking in the ear EA of observer, and after head mounted display 10 is installed on head H by observer, a part for temple 22 is configured to abut with the ear EA of observer.Further, image production part 3 and magnifying optics 4 is accommodated with in the inside of temple 22.

Further, as the constituent material of temple 22, be not particularly limited, such as, various resin material can be used, have compound substance, the metal material etc. such as aluminium or magnesium of the fiber such as carbon fiber or glass fibre in mixed with resin.

In addition, if the shape of framework 2 is the shapes of the head H that can be installed on observer, then illustrated structure is not limited to.

Virtual image display apparatus

As mentioned above, virtual image display apparatus 1 has image production part 3, magnifying optics 4 and reflecting part 6.

Below, in detail each portion of the virtual image display apparatus 1 of present embodiment is described.

Image production part

As shown in Figure 2, image production part 3 is built in the temple 22 of above-mentioned framework 2.

As shown in Figure 3 and 4, image production part 3 possesses image photogenerated portion 31, drive singal generating unit 32, control part 33, lens 34 and photoscanning portion 35.

Such image production part 3 has the function generating the image light after based on signal of video signal modulation and the function generating the drive singal driving photoscanning portion 35.

Below, each portion of image production part 3 is described in detail in detail.

Image photogenerated portion

Image photogenerated portion 31 generates the image light L1 being scanned (photoscanning) by photoscanning portion 35 (photoscanner).

This image photogenerated portion 31 has the light source portion 311 of multiple light sources (light source portion) 311R, 311G, the 311B having wavelength different, multiple driving circuit 312R, 312G, 312B and light compositing portion (combining unit) 313.

The light source 311R (R light source) that light source portion 311 has is the light source of injection red light, and light source 311G (G light source) is the light source of injection green light, and light source 311B is the light source of injection blue light.By using the light of three such looks, the image of full color can be shown.

Light source 311R, 311G, 311B are not particularly limited respectively, such as, can use laser diode, LED etc.

Such light source 311R, 311G, 311B are electrically connected with driving circuit 312R, 312G, 312B respectively.

Driving circuit 312R has the function driving above-mentioned light source 311R, and driving circuit 312G has the function driving above-mentioned light source 311G, and driving circuit 312B has the function driving above-mentioned light source 311B.

Incident to light compositing portion 313 from three (three looks) light (image light) of light source 311R, 311G, 311B injection driven by such driving circuit 312R, 312G, 312B.

Light compositing portion 313 synthesizes the light from multiple light source 311R, 311G, 311B.

In the present embodiment, light compositing portion 313 has two dichronic mirrors 313a, 313b.

Dichronic mirror 313a have make red light through and the function of reflects green.Further, dichronic mirror 313b have make red light and green light through and the function of reflect blue light.

By using such dichronic mirror 313a, 313b, the light of three looks from the red light of light source 311R, 311G, 311B, green light and blue light being synthesized, and forms an image light L1.

Herein, in the present embodiment, above-mentioned light source portion 311 is configured to, and the optical path length from the red light of light source 311R, 311G, 311B, green light and blue light is mutually equal.

In addition, light compositing portion 313 is not limited to the structure using above-mentioned dichronic mirror, such as, also can be made up of prism, optical waveguide, optical fiber etc.

In the image photogenerated portion 31 of structure such above, generate the image light of three looks from light source portion 311, and synthesize such image light in light compositing portion 313, thus be generated as an image light L1.And the image light L1 generated by image photogenerated portion 31 is towards lens 34.

In addition, also in above-mentioned image photogenerated portion 31, can be provided with such as to the light detecting mechanism (not shown) etc. that the intensity etc. of the image light L1 generated by light source 311R, 311G, 311B detects.By arranging such light detecting mechanism, the intensity of image light L1 can be adjusted accordingly with testing result.

Lens

The image light L1 generated by image photogenerated portion 31 is incident to lens 34.

Lens 34 have the function of the rotation angle controlling image light L1.These lens 34 are such as collimation lenses.Collimation lens is the lens of the light beam being parastate by light adjustment (modulation).

In such lens 34, transmit to photoscanning portion 35 from the image light L1 of image photogenerated portion 31 injection with the state after parallelization.

Drive singal generating unit

Drive singal generating unit 32 generates the drive singal driving photoscanning portion 35 (photoscanner).

This drive singal generating unit 32 has: the driving circuit 321 (the first driving circuit) generating the first drive singal of the scanning (horizontal scanning) on the first direction in photoscanning portion 35; With the driving circuit 322 (the second driving circuit) of the second drive singal of the scanning (vertical scanning) generated in the second direction orthogonal with first direction in photoscanning portion 35.

Such as, driving circuit 321 is the circuit producing the first drive singal V1 (horizontal scanning voltage) periodically changed with cycle T 1 as Suo Shi Fig. 5 (a), and driving circuit 322 is the circuit of the second drive singal V2 (vertical scanning voltage) that generation periodically changes with the cycle T 2 different from cycle T 1 as Suo Shi Fig. 5 (b).

In addition, the first drive singal and the second drive singal are described later in detail by together with the explanation in photoscanning portion 35 described later.

Such drive singal generating unit 32 is electrically connected with photoscanning portion 35 via not shown signal wire.Thus, the drive singal (the first drive singal and the second drive singal) generated by drive singal generating unit 32 inputs to photoscanning portion 35.

Control part

Driving circuit 312R, 312G, the 312B in above-mentioned image photogenerated portion 31 and the driving circuit 321,322 of drive singal generating unit 32 are electrically connected with control part 33.Control part 33 has the function controlled based on the driving of signal of video signal (image information) to the driving circuit 321,322 of driving circuit 312R, 312G, the 312B in image photogenerated portion 31 and drive singal generating unit 32.

Based on the instruction of control part 33, image photogenerated portion 31 generates the image light L1 after modulating accordingly with image information, and drive singal generating unit 32 generates the drive singal corresponding with image information.

Photoscanning portion

Incident to photoscanning portion 35 via lens 34 from the image light L1 of image photogenerated portion 31 injection.

Photoscanning portion 35 be 2 dimensions scan the photoscanner of the image light L1 in self imaging photogenerated portion 31.By forming scan light (image light) L2 by this photoscanning portion 35 scan-image light L1.

As shown in Figure 6, this photoscanning portion 35 possesses moveable mirror portion 11, a pair axle portion 12a, 12b (the first axle part), frame 13, two pairs of axle portions 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d (the second axle part), support 15, permanent magnet 16 and coils 17.In other words, photoscanning portion 35 has so-called universal structure.

Herein, moveable mirror portion 11 and a pair axle portion 12a, 12b form the first vibrational system swinging (reciprocating rotation) around Y1 axle (the first axle).Further, moveable mirror portion 11, a pair axle portion 12a, 12b, frame 13, two couples of axle portion 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d and permanent magnet 16 form the second vibrational system swinging (reciprocating rotation) around X1 axle (the second axle).

And, photoscanning portion 35 has Signal averaging portion 18 (with reference to Fig. 7), permanent magnet 16, coil 17, Signal averaging portion 18 and drive singal generating unit 32 form the drive division making the first above-mentioned vibrational system and the second vibrational system drive (that is, making moveable mirror portion 11 swing around X1 axle and Y1 axle).

Below, in detail each portion in photoscanning portion 35 is described successively.

Moveable mirror portion 11 has base portion 111 (movable part) and is fixed on the light reflecting board 113 of base portion 111 via spacer 112.

The photo-emission part 114 with light reflective is provided with at the upper surface (face) of light reflecting board 113.

This light reflecting board 113 is set to and is separated in a thickness direction relative to axle portion 12a, 12b, and (following, also referred to as " overlooking ") is overlapping with axle portion 12a, 12b when observing from thickness direction.

Therefore, it is possible to shorten the distance between axle portion 12a and axle portion 12b, and the area in the plate face of light reflecting board 113 can be increased.Further, due to the distance between axle portion 12a and axle portion 12b can be shortened, so the miniaturization of frame 13 can be realized.In addition, due to the miniaturization of frame 13 can be realized, so axle portion 14a, 14b and the distance between axle portion 14c, 14d can be shortened.

According to such situation, even if increase the area in the plate face of light reflecting board 113, the miniaturization in photoscanning portion 35 also can be realized.In other words, the size of photoscanning portion 35 relative to the area of photo-emission part 114 can be reduced.

Further, when overlooking, light reflecting board 113 is formed in the mode of the entirety covering axle portion 12a, 12b.In other words, when overlooking, axle portion 12a, 12b respectively relative to light reflecting board 113 periphery and be positioned at inner side.Thus, the area in the plate face of light reflecting board 113 becomes large, and result, can increase the area of photo-emission part 114.Further, can prevent unwanted light from being reflected by axle portion 12a, 12b and becoming parasitic light.

Further, when overlooking, light reflecting board 113 is formed in the mode of the entirety of covering frame body 13.In other words, when overlooking, frame 13 relative to light reflecting board 113 periphery and be positioned at inner side.Thus, the area in the plate face of light reflecting board 113 becomes large, and result, can increase the area of photo-emission part 114.Further, can prevent unwanted light from being reflected by frame 13 and becoming parasitic light.

In addition, when overlooking, light reflecting board 113 is formed in the mode of the entirety covering axle portion 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d.In other words, when overlooking, axle portion 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d respectively relative to light reflecting board 113 periphery and be positioned at inner side.Thus, the area in the plate face of light reflecting board 113 becomes large, and result, can increase the area of photo-emission part 114.Further, can prevent unwanted light from being reflected by axle portion 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d and becoming parasitic light.

In the present embodiment, when overlooking, light reflecting board 113 is formed as circular.In addition, the plan view shape of light reflecting board 113 is not limited thereto, and such as, also can be the polygons such as ellipse, quadrilateral.

At the lower surface (another face) of such light reflecting board 113, be provided with hard layer 115 as illustrated in fig. 7.

Hard layer 115 is made up of the material of the constituent material hard than light reflecting board 113 main body.Thereby, it is possible to improve the rigidity of light reflecting board 113.Therefore, it is possible to prevent or suppress the flexure of light reflecting board 113 when swinging.Further, the thickness of thinning light reflecting board 113, and the moment of inertia of light reflecting board 113 when X1 axle and Y1 axle swing can be suppressed.

As the constituent material of such hard layer 115, if the material of the constituent material hard than light reflecting board 113 main body, is not particularly limited, such as, adamas can be used, carbon nitride films, crystal, sapphire, lithium tantalate, potassium niobate etc., but especially preferably use adamas.

The thickness (on average) of hard layer 115 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 1 ~ 10 μm, is more preferably about 1 ~ 5 μm.

Further, hard layer 115 also can be made up of individual layer, also can be made up of the duplexer of multiple layers.In addition, hard layer 115 arranges as required, also can omit.

For the formation of such hard layer 115, the joint etc. of the gold-plated method of wet type such as the gold-plated method of the dry type such as chemical vapor deposition method (CVD), vacuum evaporation, sputtering, ion plating, plating, immersion plating, electroless plating that plasma CVD, hot CVD, laser CVD such as can be used such, thermal spray, sheet component.

Further, the lower surface of light reflecting board 113 is fixed on base portion 111 via spacer 112.Thereby, it is possible to prevent the contact with axle portion 12a, 12b, frame 13 and axle portion 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, and light reflecting board 113 can be made to swing around Y1 axle.

Further, when overlooking, base portion 111 is positioned at inner side relative to the periphery of light reflecting board 113 respectively.That is, the area in the face of the stationary partition 112 of the area ratio base portion 111 in the face (plate face) arranging photo-emission part 114 of light reflecting board 113 is large.Further, for the area in the situation of overlooking of base portion 111, when base portion 111 can support light reflecting board 113 via spacer 112, this area is preferably as far as possible little.Thereby, it is possible to increase the area in the plate face of light reflecting board 113, and the distance between axle portion 12a and axle portion 12b can be reduced.

As shown in Figure 6, frame 13 is formed as frame-shaped, and arranges in the mode of the base portion 111 surrounding above-mentioned moveable mirror portion 11.In other words, the base portion 111 in moveable mirror portion 11 is arranged in the inner side of the frame 13 being formed as frame-shaped.

And frame 13 is supported on support 15 via axle portion 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d.Further, the base portion 111 in moveable mirror portion 11 is supported on frame 13 via axle portion 12a, 12b.

Further, frame 13 is long along the length on the direction of X1 axle along the length ratio on the direction of Y1 axle.That is, when the length of the frame 13 on the direction along Y1 axle being set to a, when the length of the frame 13 on the direction along X1 axle is set to b, meet the relation of a > b.Thereby, it is possible to guarantee the length required for axle portion 12a, 12b, and the length along the photoscanning portion 35 on the direction of X1 axle can be suppressed.

Further, when overlooking, frame 13 is formed as the shape of the profile along the tectosome be made up of base portion 111 and a pair axle portion 12a, the 12b in moveable mirror portion 11.Thus, allow the vibration of the first vibrational system be made up of moveable mirror portion 11 and a pair axle portion 12a, 12b, namely allow the swing around Y1 axle in moveable mirror portion 11, and the miniaturization of frame 13 can be realized.

In addition, if the shape of frame 13 is the frame-shaped of the base portion 111 surrounding moveable mirror portion 11, then illustrated shape is not limited to.

Axle portion 12a, 12b can link moveable mirror portion 11 and frame 13 around the mode of Y1 axle (the first axle) rotation (swing) to make moveable mirror portion 11.Further, axle portion 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d links frame 13 and support 15 in the mode making frame 13 and can rotate (swing) around the X1 axle (the second axle) orthogonal with Y1 axle.

The base portion 111 that axle portion 12a, 12b are configured to via moveable mirror portion 11 is mutually opposing.Further, axle portion 12a, 12b is formed as the elongate in shape that extends on the direction along Y1 axle respectively.And axle portion 12a, 12b are formed as respectively, and an end is connected with base portion 111, and the other end is connected with frame 13.Further, to be configured to central shaft respectively consistent with Y1 axle for axle portion 12a, 12b.

Such axle portion 12a, 12b torsional deflection along with the swing around Y1 axle in moveable mirror portion 11 respectively.

Axle portion 14a, 14b and axle portion 14c, 14d are configured to across (clipping) frame 13 mutually opposing.Further, axle portion 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d is formed as the elongate in shape that extends on the direction along X1 axle respectively.And axle portion 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d are formed as respectively, and an end is connected with frame 13, and the other end is connected with support 15.Further, axle portion 14a, 14b are configured to across X1 axle mutually opposing, and equally, axle portion 14c, 14d are configured to across X1 axle mutually opposing.

For such axle portion 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, along with the swing around X1 axle of frame 13, axle portion 14a, 14b entirety and the torsional deflection respectively of axle portion 14c, 14d entirety.

Like this, moveable mirror portion 11 can be made to swing around Y1 axle, and frame 13 can be made to swing around X1 axle, thus moveable mirror portion 11 can be made to swing (reciprocating rotation) around mutually orthogonal X1 axle and these two axles of Y1 axle.

Further, at least one the axle portion in such axle portion 12a, 12b and at least one the axle portion in axle portion 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, be respectively equipped with the angle detecting sensor that such as changing sensor is such, but not shown to this.This angle detecting sensor can detect photoscanning portion 35 angle information, more specifically for photo-emission part 114 around X1 axle and each angle of oscillation around Y1 axle.This testing result inputs to control part 33 via not shown cable.

In addition, the shape of axle portion 12a, 12b and axle portion 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d is not limited to above-mentioned shape respectively, such as, also can have the part of flexing or bending part, branch at least one position of midway.

Above-mentioned base portion 111, axle portion 12a, 12b, frame 13, axle portion 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d and support 15 are integrally formed.

In the present embodiment, base portion 111, axle portion 12a, 12b, frame 13, axle portion 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d and support 15 are by sequentially laminated with a Si layer (device layer), SiO ₂the SOI substrate of layer (case layer) and the 2nd Si layer (processing layer) carries out etching and being formed.Thereby, it is possible to make the vibration characteristics of the first vibrational system and the second vibrational system excellent.And, because SOI substrate can utilize etching to carry out small processing, so by using SOI substrate to form base portion 111, axle portion 12a, 12b, frame 13, axle portion 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d and support 15, their dimensional accuracy can be made excellent, and the miniaturization in photoscanning portion 35 can be realized.

And base portion 111, axle portion 12a, 12b and axle portion 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d are made up of a Si layer of SOI substrate respectively.Thereby, it is possible to make the elasticity of axle portion 12a, 12b and axle portion 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d excellent.Further, can prevent it from contacting with frame 13 when base portion 111 rotates around Y1 axle.

Further, frame 13 and support 15 are made up of following duplexer respectively, and this duplexer is by a Si layer, the SiO of SOI substrate ₂layer and the 2nd Si layer are formed.Thereby, it is possible to make the excellent rigidity of frame 13 and support 15.Further, the SiO of frame 13 ₂layer and the 2nd Si layer not only have the function of the rib as the rigidity improving frame 13, also have the function preventing moveable mirror portion 11 from contacting with permanent magnet 16.

Further, preferably antireflection process is implemented to the upper surface of support 15.Thereby, it is possible to prevent the nothing of irradiating to support 15 from using up become parasitic light.

As such antireflection process, be not particularly limited, such as, can enumerate the formation of antireflection film (multilayer dielectric film), roughening process, black process etc.

In addition, constituent material and the formation method of above-mentioned base portion 111, axle portion 12a, 12b and axle portion 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d are examples, and the present invention is not limited to this.

Further, in the present embodiment, spacer 112 and light reflecting board 113 are also formed by etching SOI substrate.And spacer 112 is made up of following duplexer, this duplexer is by the SiO of SOI substrate ₂layer and the 2nd Si layer are formed.Further, light reflecting board 113 is made up of a Si layer of SOI substrate.

Like this, by using SOI substrate to form spacer 112 and light reflecting board 113, the spacer 112 and light reflecting board 113 that are bonded with each other can simply and accurately be manufactured.

Such spacer 112 such as utilizes the grafting material such as bonding agent, solder (not shown) to be engaged in base portion 111.

At the lower surface (face of the opposition side of light reflecting board 113) of above-mentioned frame 13, be bonded to permanent magnet 16.

Be not particularly limited as the joint method of permanent magnet 16 with frame 13, such as, can use the joint method utilizing bonding agent.

When overlooking, permanent magnet 16 is magnetized on the direction tilted relative to X1 axle and Y1 axle.

In the present embodiment, permanent magnet 16 is formed as elongate in shape (bar-shaped), along the direction configuration of tilting relative to X1 axle and Y1 axle.And permanent magnet 16 is magnetized on its long side direction.That is, permanent magnet 16 is geomagnetic into, and an end is S pole, and the other end is N pole.

Further, when overlooking, permanent magnet 16 is set to centered by the intersection point of X1 axle and Y1 axle symmetrical.

In addition, in the present embodiment, be described for the situation of the quantity being provided with a permanent magnet at frame 13, but be not limited thereto, such as, also two permanent magnets can be set at frame 13.In this case, two permanent magnets being such as formed as strip with when overlooking across base portion 111 is mutually opposing and the mode be parallel to each other is arranged at frame 13.

The direction of magnetization (bearing of trend) of permanent magnet 16 is not particularly limited relative to the tiltangleθ of X1 axle, is preferably more than 30 ° less than 60 °, is more preferably more than 45 ° less than 60 °, more preferably 45 °.By arranging permanent magnet 16 like this, can make moveable mirror portion 11 smoothly and reliably rotating around X1 axle.

As such permanent magnet 16, such as, can suitably use neodium magnet, ferrite lattice, samarium cobalt magnet, alnico magnet, binding magnet etc.The magnetization of Hard Magnetic gonosome forms by such permanent magnet 16, such as, by carrying out magnetizing being formed after the Hard Magnetic gonosome before magnetization is arranged at frame 13.If for the permanent magnet magnetized 16 is arranged at frame 13, then because of the impact in the magnetic field of outside, other parts, there is the situation that permanent magnet 16 cannot be arranged at desired position.

Coil 17 is provided with immediately below such permanent magnet 16.That is, to be provided with coil 17 with the following table of frame 13 opposed mode of practising physiognomy.Thereby, it is possible to make the magnetic field produced from coil 17 act on permanent magnet 16 efficiently.Thereby, it is possible to realize power saving and the miniaturization in photoscanning portion 35.

Such coil 17 is electrically connected with Signal averaging portion 18 (with reference to Fig. 7).

And, by applying voltage by 18 pairs, Signal averaging portion coil 17, produce the magnetic field with the magnetic flux orthogonal with X1 axle and Y1 axle from coil 17.

Signal averaging portion 18 has the totalizer (not shown) superposed by the first above-mentioned drive singal V1 and the second drive singal V2, and the voltage after this superposition is put on coil 17.

Herein, the first drive singal V1 and the second drive singal V2 is described in detail in detail.

As mentioned above, as shown in Fig. 5 (a), driving circuit 321 produces the first drive singal V1 (horizontal scanning voltage) periodically changed with cycle T 1.That is, driving circuit 321 produces the first drive singal V1 of first frequency (1/T1).

First drive singal V1 is formed as sinusoidal wave such waveform.Therefore, photoscanning portion 35 can carry out main sweep to light effectively.In addition, the waveform of the first drive singal V1 is not limited to this.

Further, if first frequency (1/T1) is the frequency being suitable for horizontal scanning, be not particularly limited, but be preferably 10 ~ 40kHz.

In the present embodiment, first frequency is set as that the torsional resonance frequency (f1) of the first vibrational system (torsional vibration system) formed with by moveable mirror portion 11 and a pair axle portion 12a, 12b is equal.That is, the first Design of Vibration System (manufacture) becomes the frequency being suitable for horizontal scanning for its torsional resonance frequency f1.Thereby, it is possible to increase the angle of rotation around Y1 axle in moveable mirror portion 11.

On the other hand, as mentioned above, as shown in Fig. 5 (b), driving circuit 322 produces the second drive singal V2 (vertical scanning voltage) periodically changed with the cycle T 2 different from cycle T 1.That is, driving circuit 322 produces the second drive singal V2 of second frequency (1/T2).

Second drive singal V2 is formed as the such waveform of zigzag wave.Therefore, photoscanning portion 35 can carry out vertical scanning (subscan) to light effectively.In addition, the waveform of the second drive singal V2 is not limited to this.

If second frequency (1/T2) is different from first frequency (1/T1) and is suitable for the frequency of vertical scanning, be not particularly limited, but be preferably 30 ~ 80Hz (about 60Hz).Like this, by the frequency of the second drive singal V2 is set to about 60Hz, and as described above the frequency of the first drive singal V1 is set to 10 ~ 40kHz, thus can, to be suitable for the frequency of the description on display, moveable mirror portion 11 be rotated respectively around mutually orthogonal two axles (X1 axle and Y1 axle).Wherein, if moveable mirror portion 11 can be made to rotate respectively around X1 axle and Y1 axle, then the combination of the frequency of the first drive singal V1 and the frequency of the second drive singal V2 is not particularly limited.

In the present embodiment, the frequency of the second drive singal V2 is adjusted to the different frequency of the torsional resonance frequency (resonant frequency) of the second vibrational system (torsional vibration system) formed from by moveable mirror portion 11, a pair axle portion 12a, 12b, frame 13, two couples of axle portion 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d and permanent magnet 16.

The frequency (second frequency) of the second drive singal V2 is like this preferably little than the frequency (first frequency) of the first drive singal V1.That is, cycle T 2 is preferably long than cycle T 1.Thereby, it is possible to more reliably and more successfully make moveable mirror portion 11 rotate around Y1 axle with first frequency, and to rotate around X1 axle with second frequency.

And, when the torsional resonance frequency of the first vibrational system being set to f1 [Hz] and the torsional resonance frequency of the second vibrational system is set to f2 [Hz], f1 and f2 preferably meets the relation of f2 < f1, more preferably meets the relation of f1 >=10f2.Thereby, it is possible to more successfully make moveable mirror portion 11 rotate around Y1 axle with the frequency of the first drive singal V1, and rotate around X1 axle with the frequency of the second drive singal V2.On the other hand, when f1≤f2, there is the possibility of the vibration causing the first vibrational system because of second frequency.

Next, the driving method in photoscanning portion 35 is described.In addition, in the present embodiment, as mentioned above, the frequency setting of the first drive singal V1 is equal with the torsional resonance frequency of the first vibrational system, the frequency setting of the second drive singal V2 is the value different from the torsional resonance frequency of the second vibrational system, and be set as less than the frequency of the first drive singal V1 (such as, the frequency setting of the first drive singal V1 is 18kHz, and the frequency setting of the second drive singal V2 is 60HZ).

Such as, in Signal averaging portion 18, the second drive singal V2 shown in the first drive singal V1 and Fig. 5 (b) shown in Fig. 5 (a) is superposed, and the voltage after superposition is put on coil 17.

Like this, alternately switched for being furthered in an end (N pole) of permanent magnet 16 coil 17 and make the other end of permanent magnet 16 (S pole) away from the magnetic field (being called " magnetic field A1 " in this magnetic field) of coil 17 and make an end of permanent magnet 16 (N pole) away from coil 17 and for the magnetic field (being called " magnetic field A2 " in this magnetic field) of the coil 17 that furthered the other end (S pole) of permanent magnet 16 by the first drive singal V1.

Herein, as mentioned above, permanent magnet 16 is configured to, and each end (magnetic pole) is positioned at two regions split by Y1 axle.That is, when the overlooking of Fig. 6, there is the N pole of permanent magnet 16 across Y1 axle in side, and there is the S pole of permanent magnet 16 at opposite side.Therefore, by alternately switching field A1 and magnetic field A2, there is the vibration of the twisting vibration composition around Y1 axle, along with this vibration in frame 13 excitation, make axle portion 12a, 12b torsional deflection, and moveable mirror portion 11 rotates around Y1 axle with the frequency of the first drive singal V1.

Further, the frequency of the first drive singal V1 is equal with the torsional resonance frequency of the first vibrational system.Therefore, by the first drive singal V1, can effectively make moveable mirror portion 11 rotate around Y1 axle.That is, even if the vibration had around the twisting vibration composition of Y1 axle of above-mentioned frame 13 is less, the angle of rotation around Y1 axle in the moveable mirror portion 11 produced along with this vibration can also be increased.

On the other hand, alternately switched for being furthered in an end (N pole) of permanent magnet 16 coil 17 and make the other end of permanent magnet 16 (S pole) away from the magnetic field (being called " magnetic field B1 " in this magnetic field) of coil 17 and make an end of permanent magnet 16 (N pole) away from coil 17 and for the magnetic field (being called " magnetic field B2 " in this magnetic field) of the coil 17 that furthered the other end (S pole) of permanent magnet 16 by the second drive singal V2.

Herein, as mentioned above, permanent magnet 16 is configured to, and each end (magnetic pole) is positioned at two regions split by X1 axle.Namely, when the overlooking of Fig. 6, there is the N pole of permanent magnet 16 across X1 axle in side, and there is the S pole of permanent magnet 16 at opposite side.Therefore, by alternately switching field B1 and magnetic field B2, make axle portion 14a, 14b and axle portion 14c, 14d torsional deflection respectively, and frame 13 rotates around X1 axle with the frequency of the second drive singal V2 together with moveable mirror portion 11.

Further, the frequency setting of the second drive singal V2 is extremely low compared with the frequency of the first drive singal V1.Further, the torsional resonance frequency of the second vibrational system is set as lower than the torsional resonance frequency of the first vibrational system.Therefore, it is possible to prevent moveable mirror portion 11 from rotating around Y1 axle with the frequency of the second drive singal V2.

According to photoscanning portion 35 described above, the moveable mirror portion 11 of the photo-emission part 114 of light reflective is had to swing respectively around mutually orthogonal two axles, so miniaturization and the lightness in photoscanning portion 35 can be realized owing to making to have.As a result, the virtual image display apparatus 1 that ease of use is more excellent for observer can be become.

Particularly because photoscanning portion 35 has universal structure, so the structure (photoscanning portion 35) of 2 dimension ground scan-image light can be made more small-sized.

Magnifying optics 4

As shown in Figure 3, scan light (image light) L2 after being scanned by above-mentioned photoscanning portion 35 transmits to magnifying optics 4.

Magnifying optics 4 has function that is that amplify the width of light beam of the image light L2 after being scanned by photoscanning portion 35, i.e. the sectional area of magnified image light L2.

As shown in Figure 3, this magnifying optics 4 possesses optical element 5, revises lens 42 and shadow shield 43.

Below, in detail each portion of such magnifying optics 4 is described successively.

Optical element 5

As shown in Figure 3, optical element 5 is arranged near photoscanning portion 35, has photopermeability (light transmission), and is formed as the strip along Z-direction.

Image light L2 after being scanned by above-mentioned photoscanning portion 35 is incident to optical element 5.

The width of light beam (sectional area) of this optical element 5 to the image light L2 after being scanned by photoscanning portion 35 amplifies.Specifically, optical element 5 makes the image light L2 after being scanned by photoscanning portion 35 while at the inner multipath reflection of optical element 5, propagate in z-direction on one side, thus the width of light beam of magnified image light L2, and penetrate image light L3, L4 that width of light beam is larger compared with image light L2.

As shown in Figure 8, optical element 5 has the plane of incidence 56 and outgoing plane 57 in one end of its length direction (Z-direction), and their (plane of incidence 56 and outgoing planes 57) are opposed.Further, optical element 5 has at upper opposed side 58a, the 58b of its thickness direction (X-direction) with at Width (Y direction) upper opposed side 59a, 59b.

Further, the plane of incidence 56 is set to photoscanning portion 35 facing, and outgoing plane 57 is set to and revises lens 42 and shadow shield 43 side facing (with reference to Fig. 3).

The plane of incidence 56 is the faces with photopermeability, and is the face of the image light L2 incidence after being scanned by photoscanning portion 35.On the other hand, outgoing plane 57 is the faces with photopermeability, and is the face penetrated as image light L3, L4 from the image light L2 of the plane of incidence 56 incidence.

Further, side 58a, 58b are fully reflecting surface respectively, and image light L2 incident in optical element 5 is totally reflected.Herein, fully reflecting surface is not only the face that transmittance is 0%, also comprises a little through the face of light, such as, comprise the face of transmittance less than 3%.

Further, side 59a and side 59b also can be the face of any transmittance, such as, also can be fully reflecting surface, semi-reflective surface, but be particularly preferably the face that transmittance is lower.Thereby, it is possible to prevent the light in optical element 5 from becoming parasitic light.Further, become the method for parasitic light as the light prevented in optical element 5, such as, can enumerate the method etc. making side 59a and side 59b coarse.

Further, as shown in Figure 8, the plane of incidence 56 is parallel with outgoing plane 57.Further, side 58a is parallel with side 58b.Further, side 59a is parallel with side 59b.Therefore, in the present embodiment, the global shape of optical element 5 is formed as cube.

In addition, above-mentioned " parallel " except be completely parallel except, such as also comprise the situation that each angulation is about ± 2 °.

Further, in the present embodiment, the plane of incidence 56 is parallel with outgoing plane 57, but the plane of incidence 56 and outgoing plane 57 also can be not parallel, and the absolute value at angle of inclination is identical." plane of incidence 56 is identical with the absolute value at the angle of inclination of outgoing plane 57 " such as comprises the plane of incidence 56 in+Z-direction relative to XY face with sharp angle α (such as, + 20 °) tilt, state that outgoing plane 57 tilts with sharp angle α (such as ,-20 °) relative to XY face in-Z-direction.That is, comprise and form " Ha " shape (accompanying drawing) by the plane of incidence 56 and outgoing plane 57 as illustrated in fig. 21.Further, above-mentioned " absolute value at angle of inclination is identical " except the absolute value at angle of inclination is identical, such as, also comprises the situation that such absolute value differs about 2 °.

Further, in the present embodiment, side 59a is parallel with side 59b, but the plane of incidence 56 and outgoing plane 57 also can be not parallel, and angle of inclination also can be different.

Further, the thickness (length in X-direction) of optical element 5 is such as preferably more than 0.1mm below 100mm, is more preferably more than 0.3mm below 50mm.Thereby, it is possible to realize the miniaturization of optical element 5, and the image light L3 penetrated from outgoing plane 57 can be amplified significantly.

The length (length in Z-direction) of optical element 5 is not particularly limited, but is such as preferably more than 1mm below 50mm, is more preferably more than 5mm below 30mm.Thereby, it is possible to realize the miniaturization of optical element 5, and image light L2 can be made at the inside of optical element 5 multipath reflection fully, thus the homogeneity of the intensity distributions of the image light L3 penetrated from outgoing plane 57 can be improved further.

The width (length in Y direction) of optical element 5 is such as preferably more than 0.1mm below 100mm, is more preferably more than 0.3mm below 50mm.Thereby, it is possible to realize the miniaturization of optical element 5, and the image light L3 penetrated from outgoing plane 57 can be amplified significantly.

As shown in Figure 8, the optical element 5 of such structure have image light L2 is led light guide section (the first light guide section) 51, light guide section (the second light guide section) 52 and light guide section (the 3rd light guide section) 53, semi reflective mirror layer (the first optical branch layer) 54, semi reflective mirror layer (the second optical branch layer) 55.

The light guide section 51 of this optical element 5, semi reflective mirror layer 54, light guide section 52, semi reflective mirror layer 55, light guide section 53 are stacked along each thickness direction (X-direction) successively.That is, optical element 5 is 1 dimension arrays that light guide section 51,52,53 arranges along each thickness direction (first direction) via semi reflective mirror layer 54,55.

Light guide section 51,52,53 is the light pipe being formed as tabular respectively, has the function propagated the image light L2 (the image light after being scanned by photoscanning portion 35) from the plane of incidence 56 incidence in+Z-direction.

In addition, as shown in Fig. 8 (a), Fig. 8 (b), the section shape (section shape of XY plane) of light guide section 51,52,53 is formed as rectangle, but the section shape of light guide section 51,52,53 (section shape of XY plane) is not limited thereto, also can be the quadrilateral shape such as square, other is polygon-shaped etc.

Further, the thickness of each light guide section 51,52,53 is not particularly limited, but in the present embodiment, is configured to less than the diameter (diameter of width of light beam) of the image light L2 to the plane of incidence 56 incidence (with reference to Fig. 9).In other words, the width of each light guide section 51,52,53 on the plane of incidence 56 along the orientation of each light guide section 51,52,53 is less than the width of image light L2 on the plane of incidence 56 along the orientation of each light guide section 51,52,53.Thereby, it is possible to make image light L2 incident across multiple light guide section (in the present embodiment, light guide section 51,52,53), thus the homogeneity of the intensity distributions of image light L3, L4 of penetrating from outgoing plane 57 can be improved further.In order to obtain such effect, the thickness of each light guide section 51,52,53 is such as preferably more than 0.01mm below 10mm, is more preferably more than 0.01mm below 5mm.

In addition, in the present embodiment, the thickness of light guide section 51,52,53 is configured to less than the diameter (diameter of width of light beam) of image light L2, but the thickness of light guide section 51,52,53 also can be set as larger than the diameter of image light L2.

Further, light guide section 51,52,53 has photopermeability, such as, is made up of the various resin material such as acryl resin, polycarbonate resin, various glass etc.

Semi reflective mirror layer 54,55 is such as made up of reflectance coating, the i.e. semipermeable reflection film with photopermeability.This semi reflective mirror layer 54,55 have make a part of image light L2 reflect and make a part through function.This semi reflective mirror layer 54,55 is such as made up of the semipermeable reflection film such as metallic reflective coating, multilayer dielectric film of silver (Ag), aluminium (Al) etc.

The optical element 5 of such structure such as can by carrying out surface activation and engage to being formed with the light guide section 51 of the film that can become semi reflective mirror layer 54,55, light guide section 52 and light guide section 53 on interarea and obtain.Engage by utilizing surface activation and manufacture optical element 5, the depth of parallelism of each portion (light guide section 51,52,53) can be improved.

As shown in Figure 9, the optical element 5 of above structure is by incident from the plane of incidence 56 for the image light L2 after being scanned by photoscanning portion 35, make it multipath reflection in the inside of optical element 5, and image light L3, L4 of the state be exaggerated as width of light beam penetrate from outgoing plane 57.Like this, for the width of light beam (sectional area) by optical element 5 magnified image light L2, based on Fig. 9 and Figure 10, the light path of the image light L2 of the inside of optical element 5 is described, and describes in detail below.In addition, Tu10Zhong, only with the chief ray of image light L2 for representative illustrates.

First, as shown in Figure 10, the image light L2 after being scanned by photoscanning portion 35 is incident in optical element 5 from the plane of incidence 56.Now, image light L2 is incident with the state relative to the axis X tilt angle theta 5 parallel with side 58a and side 58b.If as shown in Figure 10 (a), incident image light L2 advances in light guide section 52, and arrive semi reflective mirror layer 54, then a part of image light L2 is through semi reflective mirror layer 54, remains and is reflected by semi reflective mirror layer 54.

Advance in light guide section 51 through the image light L21 after semi reflective mirror layer 54, and be totally reflected by side 58a.On the other hand, the image light L22 after being reflected by semi reflective mirror layer 54 advances in light guide section 52, arrives semi reflective mirror layer 55., and arrive the one component permeate semi reflective mirror layer 55 as Suo Shi Figure 10 (b) of the image light L22 after semi reflective mirror layer 55 herein, remain and reflected by semi reflective mirror layer 55.As shown in Figure 10 (b), be totally reflected by side 58b through the image light L22 after semi reflective mirror layer 55.

Like this, the image light L2 be directed in optical element 5 is repeatedly totally reflected in side 58a, 58b, and repeatedly carry out reflecting in semi reflective mirror layer 54,55 and through.That is, as shown in Figure 9, the inside multipath reflection of the image light L2 in optical element 5 at optical element 5 is directed to.

And image light L2 is in the result of the inside multipath reflection of optical element 5, and the light component repeatedly having carried out multipath reflection is overlapping, thus image light L3 and L4 that width of light beam is exaggerated penetrates from outgoing plane 57.

Herein, as mentioned above, the plane of incidence 56 is parallel with outgoing plane 57.Therefore, it is possible to make the amount of the refraction of the image light L2 to the plane of incidence 56 incidence identical with the amount of the refraction of image light L3, L4 of penetrating from outgoing plane 57.That is, image light L2 can be made identical with the angle θ 5 that image light L3 and L4 penetrates from semi reflective mirror layer 54,55 to the angle θ 5 of semi reflective mirror layer 54,55 incidence.Thereby, it is possible to the deformation preventing from being caused by the trigonometric function of the rule reflected, the generation of aberration that caused by the wavelength dispersion of the refractive index of material.

In addition, in the present embodiment, the plane of incidence 56 and outgoing plane 57 are parallel to each other, but as mentioned above, if the plane of incidence 56 is identical with the absolute value at the angle of inclination of outgoing plane 57, then the incident angle of image light L2 can be identical with the absolute value of the angle of emergence of image light L3.Therefore, if the plane of incidence 56 is identical with the absolute value at the angle of inclination of outgoing plane 57, then above-mentioned effect can be obtained.

Further, the optical element 5 of present embodiment is the 1 dimension array (the one 1 dimension array) that light guide section 51,52,53 through-thickness (first direction) arranges.Like this, utilize via hard conating 54,55 stacked light guide sections 51,52,53 such fairly simple structures, the image light L2 multipath reflection in optical element 5 from the plane of incidence 56 incidence can be made.Therefore, even if do not use the such position detecting mechanism etc. of the position consistency of eye E Y of the sight line of image light and observer, the left and right of observer, utilize structure fairly simple as the present embodiment, also can the width of light beam of magnified image light L2.

And, as shown in Figure 3, optical element 5 is configured to, under the state of head H being installed on observer, in the face comprising the axis W (with reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 3) parallel with the direction that right eye EY arranges (X-direction) with the left eye EY of observer, direction (in XZ face direction), the chief ray of image light L3 and L4 is penetrated from reflecting part 6.In other words, optical element 5 is configured to the sectional area of magnified image light L3 on axis W direction.Further, correction lens 42 and shadow shield 43 arrange along axis W.Therefore, the image light L3 penetrated from outgoing plane 57 penetrates towards reflecting part 6 via correction lens 42, and the image light L4 penetrated from outgoing plane 57 penetrates towards shadow shield 43.Like this, by optical element 5 being configured to the sectional area of magnified image light L3 on axis W direction, thus the image light L3 being directed to the eyes of observer via correction lens 42 and reflecting part 6 can be amplified on the left and right directions of eyes.Thereby, it is possible to the left and right directions that moving range is larger at the above-below direction relative to eyes improves identification.

Revise lens

As shown in Figure 3, incident to correction lens 42 from the image light L3 of optical element 5 injection.

These correction lens 42 have the function that the collimation disorder to image light L3 of the nonspherical reflector 61 that utilizes reflecting part 6 described later to possess is revised.Thereby, it is possible to improve the resolution performance of image light L3.As such correction lens 42, such as, can enumerate toric lens, cylindrical lens, free-form surface lens etc.

Shadow shield

The image light L4 penetrated from optical element 5 is incident to shadow shield 43.

This shadow shield 43 is made up of light absorbing light absorption part, is the chopping mechanism of shading light.Thus, the image light L4 penetrated from optical element 5 is blocked as without using up.

Such shadow shield 43 is such as formed by stainless steel, aluminium alloy etc.

In addition, in the present embodiment, as the chopping mechanism blocking image light L4, employ shadow shield 43, but as blocking the chopping mechanism of image light L4, be not limited thereto, as long as prevent image light L4 from becoming the mechanism of parasitic light.Such as, as chopping mechanism, also shadow shield 43 can not be used, but by blocking the structure of image light L4 at the peripheral part coating coating etc. of framework 2.

The image light L3 being exaggerated width of light beam by the magnifying optics 4 of above structure is incident to reflecting part 6 via correction lens 42 as illustrated in fig. 3.

Reflecting part

Reflecting part 6 is arranged on the in the shade portion 212 of anterior 21, and is configured to the front of the left eye EY being positioned at observer in use.This reflecting part 6 has the size of eye E Y being enough to cover observer, and has the image light L3 that makes from optical element 5 towards the function of the eye E Y incidence of observer.

Reflecting part 6 has the nonspherical reflector 61 comprising light deflector 65.

Nonspherical reflector 61 is the transparent members making semipermeable reflection film on the base material formed by the resin material etc. presenting higher light transmission (photopermeability) in visual range.That is, nonspherical reflector 61 is semi reflective mirrors, also have make extraneous light through function (light transmission relative to visible ray).Therefore, the reflecting part 6 possessing nonspherical reflector 61 have the image light L3 making to penetrate from optical element 5 reflect and make in use from the outside of reflecting part 6 towards the extraneous light of the eye E Y of observer through function.Thus, observer can identification external image, the virtual image (image) that identification is on one side formed by image light L5.That is, Clairvoyant type head mounted display can be realized.

Such nonspherical reflector 61 is formed as the bending and bending shape of the front portion 21 along framework 2, and concave surface 611 is positioned at observer side in use.Thereby, it is possible to make the image light L5 after being reflected by nonspherical reflector 61 towards the eye E Y optically focused efficiently of observer.

Further, concave surface 611 is provided with light deflector 65.Light deflector 65 has the function that the image light L3 that makes to penetrate from the outgoing plane 57 of optical element 5 deflects to the direction of the eye E Y of observer.

In the present embodiment, such light deflector 65 is made up of a kind of holographic element 651 as diffraction grating.This holographic element 651 is following semi-permeable films, and it has the optical diffraction of the specific band the image light L3 making to irradiate from optical element 5 to holographic element 651 and makes the character of the light transmission of wave band in addition.

By using such holographic element 651, for the image light of specific wave band, utilizing diffraction adjustment to be directed to angle, the beam state of the image light of the eyes of observer, thus can the virtual image be formed.Specifically, the image light L3 after being reflected by nonspherical reflector 61 externally penetrates, incident to the left eye EY of observer as image light L5 by holographic element 651.In addition, also identical for the reflecting part 6 being positioned at right eye EY side.And the eye E Y to the left and right of observer distinguishes the retina image-forming of incident image light L5 observer.Thus, the virtual image (image) that observer can be formed the image light L3 penetrated from optical element 5 in field of view is observed.

According to virtual image display apparatus 1 described above, the image light L1 generated by image production part 3 is amplified by utilizing magnifying optics 4, and utilizing reflecting part 6 to be guided to the eye E Y of observer, the image light L1 generated by image production part 3 can be identified as the virtual image formed in the field of view of observer by observer.

Second embodiment

Next the second embodiment of virtual image display apparatus of the present invention is described.

Figure 11 is the figure of the brief configuration that the optical element that the virtual image display apparatus of the second embodiment possesses is shown, Figure 11 (a) is front view, Figure 11 (b) is vertical view, and Figure 11 (c) is right view, and Figure 11 (d) is left hand view.Figure 12 is the figure in the path for illustration of the image light to the optical element incidence shown in Figure 11.

Below, with reference to this figure, the second embodiment of virtual image display apparatus of the present invention is described, is described centered by the aspect different from above-mentioned embodiment, and omits the explanation of identical item.

In this second embodiment, the structure of amplifying optics portion is different, all identical with above-mentioned embodiment in addition.

As shown in figure 11, optical element 5X has the first optical element (optical element) 5A and the second optical element (optical element) 5B, and these two optical elements 5A, 5B become to be integrated.Specifically, optical element 5A, 5B are the structure identical with the optical element 5 used in the first embodiment respectively, and optical element 5B is to make the state configuration of optical element 5A after Z axis half-twist.

Below, this optical element 5A is described in detail in detail.

The outgoing plane 57A of optical element 5X by joint optical element 5A and the plane of incidence 56B of optical element 5B, makes their (optical element 5A, 5B) become to be integrated.And the plane of incidence 56A of optical element 5A is corresponding with the plane of incidence of optical element 5X, the outgoing plane 57B of optical element 5B is corresponding with the outgoing plane of optical element 5X.

And, optical element 5X is identical with the first embodiment, has at upper opposed side 58Xa, the 58Xb of the thickness direction (X-direction) of optical element 5X and at the Width (Y direction) of optical element 5X upper opposed side 59Xa, 59Xb.Side 58Xa, 58Xb, 59Xa, 59Xb are all fully reflecting surfaces, and the image light L2 to the inside incidence of optical element 5X is totally reflected.

Further, optical element 5A be light guide section 51A, 52A, 53A via semi reflective mirror layer 54A, 55A along each thickness direction (first direction) arrange the 1 dimension array.Further, optical element 5B be light guide section 51B, 52B, 53B via semi reflective mirror layer 54B, 55B along each thickness direction (second direction) arrange the 21 dimension array.Like this, optical element 5X has two 1 dimension arrays.

And, light guide section 51A, 52A, 53A of optical element 5A and column direction and stacked direction (X-direction), different with the also column direction of light guide section 51B, 52B, 53B of optical element 5B and stacked direction (Y direction), be orthogonal herein.

The optical element 5X of above structure makes from inside multipath reflection at optical element 5X of the image light L2 of plane of incidence 56A incidence, and image light L3a, L3b, L4a, L4b of being exaggerated state as width of light beam penetrate (with reference to Figure 12) from outgoing plane 57B.

Specifically, identical with the first embodiment, from the incident and image light L2 be directed in optical element 5A of plane of incidence 56A while be repeatedly totally reflected at side 58Xa, 58Xb of optical element 5A side, and semi reflective mirror layer 54A, 55A repeatedly carry out reflecting and through, an edge Z-direction is propagated.The image light L2 propagated along Z-direction in optical element 5A penetrates from the outgoing plane 57A of optical element 5A, and guides from plane of incidence 56B to the inside of optical element 5B.Be directed to the image light L2 in optical element 5B while be repeatedly totally reflected at side 58Xa, 58Xb, 59Xa, 59Xb of optical element 5B side, and semi reflective mirror layer 54B, 55B repeatedly carry out reflecting and through, an edge Z-direction is propagated.Like this, image light L2, and to be penetrated from outgoing plane 57B as image light L3a, L3b, L4a, L4b by multipath reflection in the inside of optical element 5X.And image light L3a transmits to reflecting part 6 via correction lens 42, and image light L3b, L4a, L4b are blocked by shadow shield (not shown) as without using up.In addition, in the present embodiment, only image light L3a transmits to reflecting part 6, but also can be that in image light L3a, L3b, L4a, L4b, plural image light transmits to reflecting part 6.

Herein, as mentioned above, optical element 5A light guide section 51A, 52A, 53A and light guide section 51B, 52B, 53B of column direction (stacked direction) and optical element 5B also column direction (stacked direction) is orthogonal.And, optical element 5X is configured to, the image light L2 penetrated from the outgoing plane 57A of an optical element (the one 1 dimension array) 5A is incident to the plane of incidence 56B of another optical element (the 21 dimension array) 5B, and outgoing plane 57A is connected with plane of incidence 56B.Therefore, along the both direction of the also column direction as each light guide section, the sectional area of the image light L2 from plane of incidence 56A incidence can be amplified.And, can by multiple light guide section (in the present embodiment, light guide section 51A, 52A, 53A, 51B, 52B, 53B) multipath reflection, can improve the homogeneity of the intensity distributions of image light L3a, L3b, L4a, L4b of penetrating from outgoing plane 57A thus further.

In addition, in the present embodiment, light guide section 51A, 52A, 53A and light guide section 51B, 52B, 53B of column direction (stacked direction) and optical element 5B also column direction (stacked direction) is orthogonal, but be not limited thereto, if light guide section 51A, 52A, 53A and column direction and light guide section 51B, 52B, 53B also column direction is different, then can obtain above-mentioned effect.

By the optical element 5X of the second embodiment of above structure, also can carry out the width of light beam of magnified image light L2 with fairly simple structure identically with the first embodiment.

3rd embodiment

Next the 3rd embodiment of virtual image display apparatus of the present invention is described.

Figure 13 is the figure of the brief configuration that the optical element that the virtual image display apparatus of the 3rd embodiment possesses is shown, Figure 13 (a) is front view, Figure 13 (b) is vertical view, and Figure 13 (c) is right view, and Figure 13 (d) is left hand view.Figure 14 is the figure in the path for illustration of the image light to the optical element incidence shown in Figure 13.

Below, with reference to this figure, the 3rd embodiment of virtual image display apparatus of the present invention is described, is described centered by the aspect different from above-mentioned embodiment, and omits the explanation of identical item.

In the third embodiment, the structure of optical element is different, all identical with above-mentioned embodiment in addition.

Below, the optical element 5Y that the virtual image display apparatus the 3rd embodiment being described in detail in detail possesses.

Optical element 5Y is identical with the first embodiment, has at its length direction (Z-direction) upper opposed plane of incidence 56Y, outgoing plane 57Y, at upper opposed side 58Ya, the 58Yb of thickness direction (X-direction) and at Width (Y direction) upper opposed side 59Ya, 59Yb.

Further, side 58Ya, 58Yb, 59Ya, 59Yb are all fully reflecting surfaces, and the image light L2 to the inside incidence of optical element 5Y is totally reflected.

Such optical element 5Y has the first light guide section (light guide section) 51C, second light guide section (light guide section) 52C, 3rd light guide section (light guide section) 51D, 4th light guide section (light guide section) 53C, 5th light guide section (light guide section) 52D, 6th light guide section (light guide section) 53D, 7th light guide section (light guide section) 51E, 8th light guide section (light guide section) 52E, 9th light guide section (light guide section) 53E, semi reflective mirror layer (the first optical branch layer) 54C, semi reflective mirror layer (the second optical branch layer) 55C, semi reflective mirror layer (the 3rd optical branch layer) 54D, semi reflective mirror layer (the 4th optical branch layer) 55D.

Nine light guide sections 51C, 52C, 53C, 51D, 52D, 53D, 51E, 52E, 53E are arranged as the ranks shape of 3 × 3 in mutually orthogonal X-direction and Y direction.Specifically, optical element 5Y is configured to, such as the first light guide section 51C, the second light guide section 52C and the 4th light guide section 53C are along first direction (Y direction) arrangement, and the first light guide section 51C, the 3rd light guide section 51D and the 7th light guide section 51E arrange along the second direction (X-direction) different from above-mentioned first direction (Y direction).Further, the second light guide section 52C, the 5th light guide section 52D and the 8th light guide section 52E arrange along the second direction (X-direction) different from above-mentioned first direction (Y direction).Further, the 4th light guide section 53C, the 6th light guide section 53D and the 9th light guide section 53E arrange along the second direction (X-direction) different from above-mentioned first direction (Y direction).Like this, nine light guide section 51C, 52C, 53C, 51D, 52D, 53D, 51E, 52E, 53E2 dimension ground arrangements.

Further, semi reflective mirror layer 54C, 55C, 54D, 55D is provided with each other at each light guide section 51C, 52C, 53C, 51D, 52D, 53D, 51E, 52E, 53E.

As shown in figure 14, the optical element 5Y of such structure makes from inside multipath reflection at optical element 5Y of the image light L2 of plane of incidence 56Y incidence, and image light L3c, L3d, L4c, L4d of the state be exaggerated as width of light beam penetrate from outgoing plane 57Y.

Specifically, image light L2 after being scanned by photoscanning portion 35 is incident from plane of incidence 56Y, and be directed in optical element 5Y, while be repeatedly totally reflected at side 58Ya, 58Yb, 59Ya, 59Yb, and semi reflective mirror layer 54C, 55C, 54D, 55D repeatedly carry out reflecting and through, an edge Z-direction is propagated.Like this, image light L2, and to be penetrated from outgoing plane 57Y as image light L3c, L3d, L4c, L4d by multipath reflection in the inside of optical element 5Y.And image light L3c transmits to reflecting part 6 via correction lens 42, and image light L3d, L4c, L4d are blocked by shadow shield (not shown) as without using up.In addition, in the present embodiment, only image light L3c transmits to reflecting part 6, but also can be that in image light L3c, L3d, L4c, L4d, plural image light transmits to reflecting part 6.

Herein, as mentioned above, optical element 5Y nine light guide section 51C, 52C, 53C, 51D, 52D, 53D, 51E, 52E, 53E2 dimension ground arrangements as described above.Therefore, along the both direction of the also column direction as each light guide section, the sectional area of the image light L2 from plane of incidence 56Y incidence can be amplified.And, can by multiple light guide section (in the present embodiment, light guide section 51C, 52C, 53C, 51D, 52D, 53D, 51E, 52E, 53E) multipath reflection, can improve the homogeneity of the intensity distributions of image light L3c, L3d, L4c, L4d of penetrating from outgoing plane 57Y thus further.

In addition, in the present embodiment, light guide section 51C, 52C, 53C, 51D, 52D, 53D, 51E, 52E, 53E are configured to the ranks shape of 3 × 3, but the quantity of light guide section, configuration, shape etc. are not limited thereto, as long as light guide section 2 ties up ground arrangement, just above-mentioned effect can be obtained.

By the optical element 5Y of the 3rd embodiment of above structure, structure that also can be identically with the first embodiment fairly simple carrys out the width of light beam of magnified image light L2.

4th embodiment

Next the 4th embodiment of virtual image display apparatus of the present invention is described.

Figure 15 is the figure that the optical element that the virtual image display apparatus of the 4th embodiment possesses is shown, Figure 15 (a) is vertical view, and Figure 15 (b) is side view.Figure 16 is the figure in the path for illustration of the image light to the optical element incidence shown in Figure 15.

Below, with reference to this figure, the 4th embodiment of virtual image display apparatus of the present invention is described, is described centered by the aspect different from above-mentioned embodiment, and omits the explanation of identical item.

In the 4th embodiment, do not possess and revise lens 42, shadow shield 43 and reflecting part 6, and instead possess amplification light guide section 60, all identical with above-mentioned first embodiment in addition.

As shown in figure 15, the second light guide plate (second amplifies light guide section) 62 that light guide section 60 possesses the first light guide plate (first amplifies light guide section) 66 and is formed with light extraction unit 64 is amplified.Further, amplify light guide section 60 to be connected with optical element 5.

This amplification light guide section 60 has the image light L3 that makes from optical element 5 towards the function of the eye E Y incidence of observer, and amplifies the function of the image light L3 penetrated from optical element 5 with having 2 dimensions.That is, amplify light guide section 60 and there is the function that the width of light beam of the image light L3 penetrated from optical element 5 is amplified further.

Below, in detail amplification light guide section 60 is described.

As shown in Figure 15 (a), first light guide plate 66 is formed as strip, have in upper opposed a pair side of the Width (amplifying the thickness direction of light guide section 60: Z-direction) of the first light guide plate 66 613,614, at thickness direction (with the Width of the first light guide plate 66 and the orthogonal direction of long side direction) upper opposed first interarea (the first reflecting surface) 615 of the first light guide plate 66 and the second interarea 612.First interarea 615 is parallel with the second interarea 612, and side 613 is parallel with side 614.In addition, in this manual, " parallel " refers to that each angulation is less than ± 2 °, is more preferably less than 0.2 °.

The second light guide plate 62 is fixed with at the second interarea 612 of this first light guide plate 66.

Second light guide plate 62 is formed as strip longer in the X-axis direction, has at upper a pair opposed first interareas 621 of the thickness direction (Z-direction) of the second light guide plate 62 and the second interarea 622, in upper opposed a pair side 623,624 of the Width (Y direction) of the second light guide plate 62 and at opposed a pair end face 625,626 of the long side direction (X-direction) of the second light guide plate 62.Further, the first interarea 621 is parallel with the second interarea 622, and side 623 is parallel with side 624.Further, end face 625 is set to and tilts relative to the Width (incident direction) of the second light guide plate 62, and its plan view shape is equal with the plan view shape of the second interarea 612 of the first light guide plate 66.On the other hand, end face 626 is set to vertical with the long side direction of the second light guide plate 62.

In addition, the tiltangleθ 1 of end face 625 is preferably more than 20 ° less than 70 °, is more preferably more than 40 ° less than 50 °, is particularly preferably 45 °.Thus, when the image light L3 making to penetrate from optical element 5 is incident along the direction vertical with the long side direction of the second light guide plate 62, can lead along the long side direction of the second light guide plate 62 to image light L3.Thus, the adjustment of incident angle becomes easy.

Further, at the first interarea 621 of the second light guide plate 62, the outside (Figure 15 (a) in paper nearby side) be provided with to the second light guide plate 62 is extracted in the light extraction unit 64 of the light that the second light guide plate 62 is directed to.Light extraction unit 64 is made up of holographic element 641.This holographic element 641 has width on the long side direction (X-direction) of the second light guide plate 62, and on the Width (Y direction) of the second light guide plate 62, have height.Holographic element 641 is identical with the first embodiment, is to have make the optical diffraction of specific band and make the local reflex of the character of the light transmission of wave band in addition through film.The image light that holographic element 641 utilizes diffraction to adjust specific wave band makes incident angle, beam state becomes desired, thus forms the virtual image, and makes the semi-permeable greatly of the composition of the extraneous light of large-scale wave band.By using holographic element 641 as light extraction unit 64, easily can change the working direction of light, thus the virtual image display apparatus 1 of light utilization ratio excellence can be provided.

For the first such light guide plate 66 and the second light guide plate 62, the second interarea 612 of the first light guide plate 66 and the end face 625 of the second light guide plate 62 are fixed, and the Width of the first light guide plate 66 is consistent with the thickness direction of the second light guide plate 62.

In the second interarea 612 side of the second light guide plate 62 that the amplification light guide section 60 of such structure possesses, and (the working direction nearby side of the image light L3 in high transmission face 671 described later) is provided with optical element 5 near the boundary portion of side 624 and end face 625.Optical element 5 is configured to, and relative to amplification light guide section 60, image light L3, L4 of penetrating from optical element 5 are incident to the first light guide plate 66 via high transmission face 671 described later.Further, optical element 5 is configured to, and side 58a and side 58b is arranged side by side along the Z-direction of Figure 15, and side 59a and side 59b is arranged side by side along X-direction.

In such amplification light guide section 60, the first interarea 615 of the first light guide plate 66, the first interarea 621, second interarea 622 of side 613,614, second light guide plate 62 and side 623,624 become the fully reflecting surface making incident light total reflection.

And, as shown in figure 16, between the first light guide plate 66 and the second light guide plate 62, be formed with local through reflecting surface (the second reflecting surface) 67.In the present embodiment, this local is formed on the second interarea 612 of the first light guide plate 66 through reflecting surface 67.Local is formed through the part (in Figure 16 (a) face shown in thick line) of reflecting surface 67 at the removing both ends of the second interarea 612 of the first light guide plate 66.Further, a part for the light of incidence reflects through reflecting surface 67 by local, and make a part for incident light through.In addition, local also can be formed through reflecting surface 67 on the end face 625 of the second light guide plate 62.

As this local through the formation method of reflecting surface 67, be not particularly limited, such as, can enumerate the method etc. of the metal films such as Cr, Ag, dielectric film, the hybrid films etc. that they combined being carried out to evaporation.

Further, in local through in reflecting surface 67, in Figure 16, the transmittance of bottom is less than more than 5% 10%, and in Figure 16, the transmittance of the end of upside is less than more than 12% 17%.Further, in local through in reflecting surface 67, the part between both ends, along with away from high transmission face described later (light incident section) 671, transmittance becomes large gradually.As the method for such structure, such as, can enumerate the method etc. of the thickness of adjustment above-mentioned metal film, above-mentioned dielectric film or above-mentioned hybrid films.

Further, in local through the both end sides (not the forming the region of local through reflecting surface 67 of the second interarea 612 of the first light guide plate 66) of reflecting surface 67, be formed with local through the higher high transmission face 671,672 of transmittance compared with reflecting surface 67.High transmission face 671 is positioned at side 624 side of local through reflecting surface 67, and high transmission face 672 is positioned at side 623 side of local through reflecting surface 67.The transmittance in this high transmission face 671,672 is preferably more than 95%.

Herein, to image light L3, L4 of penetrating from optical element 5, by amplifying light guide section 60,2 principles of amplifying with tieing up are described.In addition, as the representative in image light L3, L4, to image light L3, by amplifying light guide section 60,2 principles of amplifying with tieing up describe in detail below.Further, below, enough little relative to the light quantity to fully reflecting surface incidence by damping capacity during fully reflecting surface reflected light, thus ignore above-mentioned damping capacity.And, when leading at the first light guide plate 66 couples of image light L3, image light L3 repeatedly carries out being totally reflected and is directed in the first light guide plate 66 between the first interarea 615, second interarea 612, side 613,614, but for ease of illustrating, image light L3 repeatedly carries out reflecting and is directed in the first light guide plate 66 between the first interarea 615 and the second interarea 612.Equally, when light is directed in the second light guide plate 62, image light L3 repeatedly carries out being totally reflected and is directed in the second light guide plate 62 between the first interarea 621, second interarea 622, side 623,624, but for ease of illustrating, image light L3 repeatedly carries out reflecting and is directed in the second light guide plate 62 between the first interarea 621 and the second interarea 622.

First, the image light L3 penetrated from optical element 5 is incident to the first light guide plate 66 via the side 624 of the second light guide plate 62, high transmission face 671.As mentioned above, the transmittance in high transmission face 671 is larger than 95%, thus most light can be made incident in the first light guide plate 66.

As shown in Figure 16 (a), reflected by the part 67A of the first interarea 615 through the image light L3 behind high transmission face 671, and towards local through reflecting surface 67.Arrive and locally reflect, as light L31 again towards the first interarea 615 through a part of the image light L3 of the part 67A of reflecting surface 67.And, arrive local incident to the second light guide plate 62 as light L32 through a part (residual fraction) of the image light L3 of the part 67A of reflecting surface 67.

As shown in Figure 16 (b), the light L31 towards the first interarea 615 is reflected by the part 615B in the working direction downstream of light by the part 615A comparing the first interarea 615, and again towards local through reflecting surface 67.And, arrive the part 67A compared locally through reflecting surface 67 same as described above by the light L31 of the part 67B in the working direction downstream of light, its part reflection, and as light L33 again towards the first interarea 615.Arrive local incident to the second light guide plate 62 as light L34 through the residual fraction of the light L31 of the part 67B of reflecting surface 67.

Like this repeatedly carry out being totally reflected and local reflex, image light L3 is directed in the first light guide plate 66, and also incident in the second light guide plate 62.Further, to the light (light L32 ~ light Lx) of the second light guide plate 62 incidence repeatedly carry out being totally reflected between first interarea 621 and the second interarea 622 of the second light guide plate 62 and from Figure 16 right side in Figure 16, left side be directed to.And a part of light L32 ~ light Lx is extracted by the outside of holographic element 641 to the second light guide plate 62, thus observer can it can be used as the virtual image to carry out identification.Now, as shown in Figure 15 (b), light L32 ~ light Lx between holographic element 641 and the second interarea 622 by multipath reflection.A part of light L32 ~ light Lx through holographic element 641, and penetrates along the thickness direction of the second light guide plate 62 towards the outside of the second light guide plate 62.

Like this, light L32 ~ light Lx is in the upper amplification of the Width (long side direction of the second light guide plate 62: X-direction) of holographic element 641.

Herein, for the image light to the second light guide plate 62 incidence, when local is constant through the total length of the long side direction of reflecting surface 67 throughout local through the transmittance of reflecting surface 67, decay along with away from high transmission face 671.That is, when local is constant through the total length of the long side direction of reflecting surface 67 throughout local through the transmittance of reflecting surface 67, in the light to the second light guide plate 62 incidence, light quantity tails off according to the order decay of light L32 ~ light Lx.But as mentioned above, in local through in reflecting surface 67, transmittance is configured to, and transmittance is along with becoming large gradually away from high transmission face 671.Therefore, such as image light L34 in local through the transmittance in reflecting surface 67 than light L32 through the high component permeate of the transmittance of part.As a result, the difference of the light quantity of light L32 and the light quantity of light L34 can be reduced as far as possible.Thereby, it is possible to make the light quantity of the light (light L32 ~ light Lx) to the second light guide plate 62 incidence even as far as possible.Thereby, it is possible to reduce the uneven of the virtual image shown by holographic element 641.

In addition, image light Lx is the light that in image light L32 ~ light Lx, damping capacity is more.But, as shown in Figure 16 (b), because image light Lx passes through in high transmission face 672, so can more effectively make the light quantity of the image light (image light L32 ~ light Lx) to the second light guide plate 62 incidence roughly even.

In addition, as the material of formation first light guide plate 66 and the second light guide plate 62, be not particularly limited if having photopermeability respectively, such as, can use the various resin such as acrylic acid, epoxy resin, various glass etc.

Like this, amplify light guide section 60 and image light L3 is amplified along above-below direction in Figure 16 in the first light guide plate 66, and amplify along left and right directions in Figure 16 in the second light guide plate 62 (holographic element 641).That is, amplifying light guide section 60 can 2 dimension ground magnified image light L3.Further, in amplification light guide section 60, the first interarea 615 of the first light guide plate 66 and local can be utilized through reflecting surface 67 very simple structure magnified image light L3 with carrying out 2 dimensions so arranged opposite abreast.

In addition, when manufacturing amplification light guide section 60, as long as make two faces (the first interarea 615 and the second interarea 612 of the first light guide plate 66) parallel, so can manufacture easily owing to being adjusted to.And in the present embodiment, simple method that can be such by first light guide plate 66 constant at end face 625 fixed thickness of the second light guide plate 62 manufactures amplifies light guide section 60.

5th embodiment

Next the 5th embodiment of virtual image display apparatus of the present invention is described.

Below, with reference to this figure, the 5th embodiment of virtual image display apparatus of the present invention is described, is described centered by the aspect different from above-mentioned embodiment, and omits the explanation of identical item.

In the 5th embodiment, the structure of image production part is different, all identical with above-mentioned embodiment in addition.

As shown in figure 17, image production part 900 has light supply apparatus 920, Uniform Illumination optical system 930, optic modulating device 940 and projection optics system 960.

Such image production part 900 is modulated the light penetrated from light supply apparatus 920 with the signal of video signal given accordingly by utilizing optic modulating device 940, thus forms image light.

Light supply apparatus 920 possesses extra-high-pressure mercury vapour lamp 921 as light source and reverberator 922.In such a configuration, the light radiated from extra-high-pressure mercury vapour lamp 921 is reflected by reverberator 922 and at front side optically focused.In addition, as light source, be not limited to extra-high-pressure mercury vapour lamp, such as, also can adopt metal halide lamp etc.

Uniform Illumination optical system 930 has bar-shaped integrator 931, colour wheel 932, relay lens group 933 and catoptron 934.In such Uniform Illumination optical system 930, the light beam penetrated from light supply apparatus 920 passes through afterwards at colour wheel 932, and tool is incident to bar-shaped integrator 931 angularly.

Colour wheel 932 is set to and can be rotated by drive sources such as not shown motors.And, the colour filter face 932a opposed with the port that the end of the light incident side at bar-shaped integrator 931 is formed is formed at colour wheel 932, at this colour filter face 932a, be circumferentially formed with to spaced apart regions the color filter of R (red), G (green), B (indigo plant) this three look side by side.In addition, colour wheel 932 also can be arranged at the emitting side of bar-shaped integrator 931.

Light beam to colour wheel 932 incidence is separated into redness (R) light, green (G) light, this three look of blueness (B) light by colour filter face 932a according to time series ground colour.Separation to this three look red, green, blue is carried out with the frame frequency of the virtual image (image) than display frequency at a high speed.By carrying out look separation with such frequency, full-color image can be shown.

Its inside is imported into from the entry port of bar-shaped integrator 931 by the light (red light, green light, blue light) after colour wheel 932.The light being imported into the inside of bar-shaped integrator 931 carries out multiple reflections in bar-shaped integrator 931, guarantees uniform illumination thus at the outgoing plane of bar-shaped integrator 931.Therefore, the light penetrated from the injection port of bar-shaped integrator 931 has uniform illumination profile.

The light penetrated from bar-shaped integrator 931 is incident to optic modulating device 940 as uniform illumination light via relay lens group 933 and catoptron 934.

Optic modulating device 940 has substrate 941 and multiple optical modulation elements 942 (such as, DMD (Digital Micromirror Device) of arrangement on substrate 941.Wherein " DMD " is the registered trademark of incorporated company of Texas Instruments).Multiple optical modulation element 942 configures on substrate 941 rectangularly.As the quantity of optical modulation element 942, be not particularly limited.When an optical modulation element 942 forms a pixel, it is such as horizontal × vertical=1280 × 1024,640 × 480 that optical modulation element 942 is configured to pixel quantity.

Each optical modulation element 942 has the moveable mirror for reflecting the light beam of incidence, and this moveable mirror change posture is guide the on-state of the light after reflection to projection optics system 960 or guide the off-state of the light after reflection relative to on-state inclination difference to absorption plant (absorber) (not shown).

And, be provided with not shown control part at image production part 900, optic modulating device 940 such as switches the on-state/off-state of each optical modulation element 942 independently based on the signal of video signal (image information) given to control part (not shown).Thus, the image light (image light) of regulation is formed.And the image light formed is incident to optical element 5 via projection optics system 960.

By using such image production part 900, distinct image light can be made incident to optical element 5.

By the 5th above embodiment, also the effect identical with above-mentioned embodiment can be played.

6th embodiment

Next the 6th embodiment of virtual image display apparatus of the present invention is described.

Below, with reference to this figure, the 6th embodiment of virtual image display apparatus of the present invention is described, is described centered by the aspect different from above-mentioned embodiment, and omits the explanation of identical item.

In the 6th embodiment, the structure of image production part is different, all identical with above-mentioned embodiment in addition.

As shown in figure 18, image production part 800 has lamp optical system 810, color separation optical system 820, parallelizing lens 830R, 830G, 830B, spatial light modulating apparatus 840R, 840G, 840B, orthogonal colour splitting prism 850 and projection optics system 860.

Lamp optical system 810 has light source 811, reverberator 812, first lens arra 813, second lens arra 814, polarization 815 and superposition lens 816.

Light source 811 is extra-high-pressure mercury vapour lamps, and reverberator 812 is made up of paraboloidal mirror.Reflected by reverberator 812 from the radial light beam of light source 811 injection and become less parallel light beam, and penetrating to the first lens arra 813.In addition, as light source 811, be not limited to extra-high-pressure mercury vapour lamp, such as, also can adopt metal halide lamp etc.Further, as reverberator 812, be not limited to paraboloidal mirror, also can adopt the structure being configured with parallelization concavees lens at the outgoing plane of the reverberator 812 be made up of off-axis paraboloids and ellipsoids mirrors.

First lens arra 813 and the second lens arra 814 are formed by arranging lenslet in a matrix form.The light beam penetrated from light source 811 is divided into multiple small segment beam by the first lens arra 813, and each several part light beam is superposed on the surface of three spatial light modulating apparatus 840R, 840G, 840B as lighting object by the second lens arra 814 and superposition lens 816.

It is unanimously the function of the rectilinearly polarized light (s polarized light or p polarized light) to a direction vibration that polarization 815 has the light beam making random polarization, in the present embodiment, be unanimously the less s polarized light of the loss of light beam in color separation optical system 820.

It is the function of coloured light of red (R) light, green (G) light, this three look of blueness (B) light that color separation optical system 820 has the beam separation penetrated from lamp optical system 810, possesses B light reflecting dichroic mirror 821, RG light reflecting dichroic mirror 822, G light reflecting dichroic mirror 823 and catoptron 824,825.

In the light beam penetrated from lamp optical system 810, the composition of blue light is reflected by B light reflecting dichroic mirror 821, and is reflected by catoptron 824,861 and arrive parallelizing lens 830B.On the other hand, from the light beam that lamp optical system 810 penetrates, the composition of G light, R light is reflected by RG light reflecting dichroic mirror 822, and is reflected by catoptron 825 and arrive G light reflecting dichroic mirror 823.The composition of G light is wherein reflected by G light reflecting dichroic mirror 823 and catoptron 862 and is arrived parallelizing lens 830G, and the composition of red light, through G light reflecting dichroic mirror 823, is reflected by catoptron 863 and arrives parallelizing lens 830R.

Parallelizing lens 830R, 830G, 830B are set as, for the multiple segment beams from lamp optical system 810, the light beam making each several part light beam become almost parallel respectively in the mode of throwing light on to spatial light modulating apparatus 840R, 840G, 840B respectively.

Spatial light modulating apparatus (the first spatial light modulating apparatus) 840R is arrived through the red light after parallelizing lens 830R, arrive spatial light modulating apparatus (second space optic modulating device) 840G through the green light after parallelizing lens 830G, arrive spatial light modulating apparatus (the 3rd spatial light modulating apparatus) 840B through the blue light after parallelizing lens 830B.

Spatial light modulating apparatus 840R is the spatial light modulating apparatus with picture signal modulated red coloured light accordingly, is transmissive liquid crystal display device (LCD).The not shown liquid crystal panel being located at spatial light modulating apparatus 840R is sealed with for the liquid crystal layer with picture signal light modulated accordingly between two transparency carriers.Red light after being modulated by spatial light modulating apparatus 840R is incident to the orthogonal colour splitting prism 850 as look combining optical.In addition, the structure of spatial light modulating apparatus 840G, 840B and functions and architecture optic modulating device 840R identical.

Orthogonal colour splitting prism 850 is formed as the prism-shaped of approximating square section by making four of triangular prism shape prism laminatings, the binding face along X shape is provided with multilayer dielectric film 851,852.Multilayer dielectric film 851 make green light through and by red reflective, multilayer dielectric film 852 make green light through and blue light is reflected.And, orthogonal colour splitting prism 850 makes to synthesize from the plane of incidence 850R, 850G, 850B incidence respectively from the light modulated of each coloured light of spatial light modulating apparatus 840R, 840G, 840B injection, thus form image light, and this image light is penetrated towards projection optics system 860.

The image light penetrated from projection optics system 860 is incident to optical element 5.

By using such image production part 800, distinct image light can be made incident to optical element 5.

By the 6th above embodiment, also the effect identical with above-mentioned embodiment can be played.

In addition, in the present embodiment, be illustrated possessing the virtual image display apparatus of use three transmissive liquid crystal display devices (LCD) as the image production part of spatial light modulating apparatus (light valve), but as possessing the structure of image production part of spatial light modulating apparatus, be not limited to this.Such as, also can be the structures of use three reflection-type liquid-crystal display devices (LCD) as spatial light modulating apparatus.Further, no matter also can transmission-type/reflection-type, and the structure of two liquid crystal indicators be such as used.

7th embodiment

Next the 7th embodiment of virtual image display apparatus of the present invention is described.

Below, with reference to this figure, the 7th embodiment of virtual image display apparatus of the present invention is described, is described centered by the aspect different from above-mentioned embodiment, and omits the explanation of identical item.

In 7th embodiment, the structure of image production part is different, all identical with above-mentioned embodiment in addition.

As shown in figure 19, image production part 7 has light source cell 71, PBS prism 73, reflective liquid crystal panel 74 and projection optics system 75.

Light source cell 71 possess redness, green, blue LASER Light Source 71R, 71G, 71B, collimation lens 72R, 72G, 72B of arranging corresponding to LASER Light Source 71R, 71G, 71B and dichronic mirror 73R, 73G, 73B.

LASER Light Source 71R, 71G, 71B have not shown light source and driving circuit respectively.And, the laser that LASER Light Source 71R injection is red, the laser that LASER Light Source 71G injection is green, the laser that LASER Light Source 71B injection is blue.Rectilinearly polarized light from the laser of colors of these LASER Light Source 71R, 71G, 71B injection, mutual direction of vibration identical (such as, S ripple).

From the laser of colors of each LASER Light Source 71R, 71G, 71B injection by collimation lens 72R, 72G, 72B parallelization, and incident to dichronic mirror 73R, 73G, 73B.Dichronic mirror 73R has the characteristic of the laser of reflection Red.Dichronic mirror 73B has the laser of reflection blue and makes the characteristic of red laser light.Dichronic mirror 73G has the laser of reflection green and makes the characteristic of redness, blue laser light.

LASER Light Source 71R, 71G, 71B are controlled to drive in the mode of glimmering successively, penetrate red laser, green laser, blue laser thus successively.The laser of the colors of injection, respectively by collimation lens, dichronic mirror, is projected to reflective liquid crystal panel 74 by the reflective surface of PBS (polarizing beam splitter) prism 73.

Reflective liquid crystal panel 74 is spatial light modulating apparatus, and is LCOS (Liquid Crystal on Silicon: the attached silicon of liquid crystal), has reflection horizon.

Incident to optical element 5 via projection optics system 75 by the laser (image light) of the colors of PBS prism 73 by reflective layer reflects.

In addition, the direction of vibration half-twist of the laser of the colors after being reflected by reflective liquid crystal panel 74, and become p polarized light.

By using such image production part 7, distinct image light can be made incident to optical element 5.

By the 7th above embodiment, also the effect identical with above-mentioned embodiment can be played.

In addition, in the present embodiment, be the use of the veneer mode of a slice reflective liquid crystal panel 74, but the structure of image production part is not limited to this.Such as, also can according to red light, green light, blue light and arrange three plate modes of reflective liquid crystal panel respectively.Further, also can be such as replace reflective liquid crystal panel and use transmissive type liquid crystal panel as the structure of spatial light modulating apparatus (light valve).

8th embodiment

Next the 8th embodiment of virtual image display apparatus of the present invention is described.

Below, with reference to this figure, the 8th embodiment of virtual image display apparatus of the present invention is described, is described centered by the aspect different from above-mentioned embodiment, and omits the explanation of identical item.

In 8th embodiment, the structure of image production part is different, all identical with above-mentioned embodiment in addition.

As shown in figure 20, image production part 700 has organic el device 70 and collimation lens (not shown).

Organic el device 70 possesses base material 710, reflection horizon 722, protective seam 726, anode 724 (724R, 724G, 724B), organic function layer 730 (730R, 730G, 730B), negative electrode 732, wall part 728, sealant 744 and color filter substrate 740.Further, organic el device 70 is the top emission structure to the injection of color filter substrate 740 side.

Herein, organic EL 78R is formed by a part for anode 724R, organic function layer 730R and negative electrode 732.Equally, form organic EL 78G by a part for anode 724G, organic function layer 730G and negative electrode 732, form organic EL 78B by a part for anode 724B, organic function layer 730B and negative electrode 732.

At base material 710, and at each organic EL 78R, 78G, 78B, be provided with the TFT (not shown) possessing semiconductor film, gate insulator, gate electrode, drain electrode and source electrode.Further, because organic el device 70 is top emission structure, so base material 710 also can by translucent material and opaqueness material, any one is formed.

Protective seam 726 is arranged in the mode in covering substrates 710 and reflection horizon 722.The upper surface of protective seam 726 is smooth, and protective seam 726 is such as by SiO ₂formed Deng the organic resin such as inorganic insulating membrane, acryl resin.

Anode 724R, 724G, 724B are arranged on protective seam 726.Anode 724 is made up of the conductive material with light transmission, such as, formed by ITO etc.

Wall part 728 is arranged on protective seam 726.Wall part 728 is such as formed by organic resins such as acryl resins.

Organic function layer 730R, 730G, 730B are respectively formed on each anode 724R, 724G, 724B.Organic function layer 730R is luminous with red light, and organic function layer 730G is luminous with green light, and organic function layer 730B is luminous with blue light.

Organic function layer 730R, 730G, 730B are such as made up of hole transporting layer, luminescent layer and electron supplying layer.In organic function layer 730R, 730G, 730B, combine again luminescent layer from hole transporting layer injected holes with from electron supplying layer injected electrons respectively, thus obtain red light, green light, blue light.By having organic function layer 730R, 730G, the 730B with three light luminescences like this, thus organic el device 70 can carry out colour light-emitting.

Negative electrode 732 is arranged in the mode covering wall part 728 and each organic function layer 730R, 730G, 730B.Negative electrode 732 becomes the common electrode corresponding with full anode.Negative electrode 732 as a part with the light making its surface of arrival through and make the semi-penetration layer of the character of other part reflection play function.Negative electrode 732 is such as by magnesium (Mg) or silver (Ag) monomer or formed with the alloy etc. that they are principal ingredient.

Further, negative electrode 732 is provided with passivation layer (not shown).Passivation layer is such as by SiO ₂the inorganic material lower Deng gas permeation rate is formed, and is the diaphragm for preventing the immersion because of oxygen, moisture from causing the deterioration of organic el device 70.

In the side contrary with base material 710 of organic EL 78R, 78G, 78B of such structure, configuration color filter substrate 740.

Color filter substrate 740 is made up of translucent materials such as glass.In the face of base material 710 side of color filter substrate 740, be formed with color filter 742R, 742G, 742B and light shield layer 743.

Color filter 742R, 742G, 742B are set to when overlooking overlapping with organic EL 78R, 78G, 78B.Herein, by above-mentioned three organic ELs 78R, 78G, 78B and color filter 742R, 742G, 742B of overlapping with them to form a pixel of organic el device 70.That is, in fig. 20, a pixel of organic el device 70 is illustrated.In addition, the pixel count of organic el device 70 is not particularly limited.

Further, color filter 742R, 742G, 742B is used for the light transmission of each wave band optionally made from the red light the light of organic EL 78R, 78G, 78B injection, green light, blue light.Color filter 742R is corresponding with the wave band of red light, and color filter 742G is corresponding with the wave band of green light, and color filter 742B is corresponding with the wave band of blue light.

Further, light shield layer 743 is set to and divides color filter 742R, 742G, 742B.

Such color filter substrate 740 is fitted with base material 710 via sealant 744.The curable resin that sealant 744 such as has light transmission by epoxy resin etc. is formed.

Red light after color filter 742R, 742G, 742B of the organic el device 70 of such structure pass through, green light, blue light are incident to collimation lens (not shown).Utilize collimation lens (not shown), the red light penetrated, green light, blue light are adjusted the light beam that (modulation) is almost parallel state, and transmit to optical element 5 as the image light after modulation from organic el device 70.

By using such image production part 700, distinct image light can be made incident to optical element 5, and the miniaturization of image production part 700 can be realized.

By the 8th above embodiment, also the effect identical with above-mentioned embodiment can be played.

Above, based on illustrated embodiment, virtual image display apparatus of the present invention and head mounted display are illustrated, but the present invention is not limited to this.Such as, in virtual image display apparatus of the present invention, the structure in each portion can be replaced into the arbitrary structures with identical function, and also can add other arbitrary structures.

Further, the present invention also can combine any plural structure (feature) in the respective embodiments described above.

And, if virtual image display apparatus of the present invention forms the device of the virtual image as the image of observer institute identification, then be not limited to the situation of the head mounted display being applied to glasses type, such as, also can be applied to the head mounted display of helmet-type or headset type, image display device etc. by the form of the body bearing of the neck or shoulder etc. of observer.And, in the above-described embodiment, be illustrated for the situation of image display device integral installation in the head of observer, but image display device also can have the part that the part of installing at the head of observer and the part beyond the head of observer are installed or carried.

And, in the above-described embodiment, with the structure of the transmission-type head mounted display of eyes type for representative is illustrated, but it also can be such as the structure of blocking the non-transmissive type head mounted display of outdoor scene under the state being provided with head mounted display observer.

Further, head mounted display of the present invention also can have the device etc. that loudspeaker, earphone etc. export sound.

The explanation of Reference numeral:

10: head mounted display; 1: virtual image display apparatus; 2: framework; 21: anterior; 211: frame; 212: in the shade portion; 22: temple; 23: nose support; 27: recess; 3,900,800,7,700: image production part; 31: image photogenerated portion; 311: light source portion; 311B: light source; 311G: light source; 311R: light source; 313: light compositing portion; 313a, 313b: dichronic mirror; 321,322: driving circuit; 32: drive singal generating unit; 312B: driving circuit; 312G: driving circuit; 312R: driving circuit; 33: control part; 34: lens; 35: photoscanning portion; 11: moveable mirror portion; 12a, 12b: axle portion; 13: frame; 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d: axle portion; 15: support; 16: permanent magnet; 17: coil; 18: Signal averaging portion; 111: base portion; 112: spacer; 113: light reflecting board; 114: photo-emission part; 115: hard layer; 4: magnifying optics; 42: revise lens; 43: shadow shield; 5,5X, 5Y: optical element; 5A: the first optical element (optical element); 5B: the second optical element (optical element); 51,52,53: light guide section; 54: semi reflective mirror layer (the first optical branch layer); 55: semi reflective mirror layer (the second optical branch layer); 56: the plane of incidence; 57: outgoing plane; 58a, 58b: side; 59a, 59b: side; 6: reflecting part; 61: nonspherical reflector; 611: concave surface; 65: light deflector; 651: holographic element; EA: ear; EY: eyes (left eye, right eye); NS: nose; H: head; A1, A2, B1, B2: magnetic field; L1, L2, L3, L4, L21, L22, L31, L32, L33, L34, Lx: image light; L3a, L3b, L3c, L3d, L4a, L42b, L43c, L44d: image light; T1, T2: cycle; V1: the first drive singal; V2: the second drive singal; X: axis; F1: resonant frequency; 51A, 51B: the first light guide section (light guide section); 52A, 52B: the second light guide section (light guide section); 53A, 53B: the 3rd light guide section (light guide section); 51C: the first light guide section (light guide section); 52C: the second light guide section (light guide section); 51D: the three light guide section (light guide section); 53C: the four light guide section (light guide section); 52D: the five light guide section (light guide section); 53D: the six light guide section (light guide section); 51E: the seven light guide section (light guide section); 52E: the eight light guide section (light guide section); 53E: the nine light guide section (light guide section); 54A, 54B, 55A, 55B: semi reflective mirror layer; 54C, 55C, 54D, 55D: semi reflective mirror layer; 56A, 56B, 56Y: the plane of incidence; 57A, 57B, 57Y: outgoing plane; 58Xa, 58Xb, 58Ya, 58Yb: side; 59Xa, 59Xb, 59Ya, 59Yb: side; 60: amplify light guide section; 66: the first light guide plate (first amplifies light guide section); 62: the second light guide plate (second amplifies light guide section); 64: light extraction unit; 67: local is through reflecting surface; 67A, 67B: part; 613: side; 614: side; 615: the first interareas; 612: the second interareas; 615A, 615B: part; 621: the first interareas; 622: the second interareas; 623,624: side; 625,626: end face; 641: holographic element; 671,672: high transmission face; 911G, 911R: LASER Light Source; 920: light supply apparatus; 921: extra-high-pressure mercury vapour lamp; 922: reverberator; 930: Uniform Illumination optical system; 931: bar-shaped integrator; 932: colour wheel; 932a: colour filter face; 933: relay lens group; 934: catoptron; 940: optic modulating device; 941: substrate; 942: optical modulation element; 960: projection optics system; 810: lamp optical system; 811: light source; 812: reverberator; 813: the first lens arras; 814: the second lens arras; 815: polarization; 816: superposition lens; 820: color separation optical system; 821:B light reflecting dichroic mirror; 822:RG light reflecting dichroic mirror; 823:G light reflecting dichroic mirror; 824,825: catoptron; 830B, 830G, 830R: parallelizing lens; 840B, 840G, 840R: spatial light modulating apparatus; 850: orthogonal colour splitting prism; 850G, 850R: the plane of incidence; 851,852: multilayer dielectric film; 860: projection optics system; 861,863: catoptron; 870: polarization rotator; 71: light source cell; 71B, 71G, 71R: LASER Light Source; 72G, 72: collimation lens; 73: prism (PBS prism); 73B, 73G, 73R: dichronic mirror; 74: reflective liquid crystal panel; 75: collimation lens; 70: organic el device; 710: base material; 722: reflection horizon; 724: anode; 724B, 724G, 724R: anode; 726: protective seam; 728: wall part; 730 (730R, 730G, 730B): organic function layer; 732: negative electrode; 740: color filter substrate; 742B, 742G, 742R: color filter; 743: light shield layer; 744: sealant; 78B, 78G, 78R: organic EL; α: acute angle; θ 5: angle; θ: pitch angle; θ 1: pitch angle; W: axis.

Claims

1. a virtual image display apparatus, is characterized in that,

Described virtual image display apparatus comprises:

Optical element, it has the plane of incidence and outgoing plane, and the described image light penetrated from described image production part incides this plane of incidence, is exaggerated the described image light of the sectional area to the described image light after described plane of incidence incidence from the injection of this outgoing plane,

Described optical element has:

First light guide section and the second light guide section, described first light guide section and described second light guide section connect the described plane of incidence and described outgoing plane, lead to the described image light penetrated from described image production part; And

First optical branch layer, it is located between described first light guide section and described second light guide section, and a part for the described image light penetrated from described image production part is reflected, and make a part for described image light through,

The described image light penetrated from described image production part is relative to described first optical branch layer oblique incidence.

2. virtual image display apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that,

Described optical element has described first light guide section and described second light guide section is 1 the one 1 dimension array arranged with tieing up along first direction.

3. virtual image display apparatus according to claim 2, is characterized in that,

Described optical element have described first light guide section and described second light guide section along the second direction different from described first direction be 1 arrange with tieing up the 21 tie up array,

Described 21 dimension array configurations is, makes the described image light of the outgoing plane injection of the described one 1 dimension array from a side incident to the plane of incidence of described 21 dimension array.

4. virtual image display apparatus according to claim 3, is characterized in that,

The outgoing plane of described one 1 dimension array is connected with described 21 plane of incidence tieing up array.

5. virtual image display apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that,

Described optical element also has:

3rd light guide section, it connects the described plane of incidence and described outgoing plane, and leads to described image light; And

Second optical branch layer, it is located between described first light guide section and described 3rd light guide section, and a part for described image light is reflected, and make a part for described image light through,

Described first light guide section and described second light guide section arrange along first direction, and described first light guide section arranges along the second direction different from described first direction with described 3rd light guide section.

6. the virtual image display apparatus according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, is characterized in that,

On the described plane of incidence, along described first light guide section in the direction that described first light guide section and described second light guide section arrange and the width of described second light guide section less than the width of the described image light in the direction arranged along described first light guide section and described second light guide section respectively.

7. the virtual image display apparatus according to any one of claim 1 ~ 6, is characterized in that,

The described plane of incidence is identical relative to the absolute value at the angle of inclination of described first optical branch layer with described outgoing plane.

8. the virtual image display apparatus according to any one of claim 1 ~ 7, is characterized in that,

Described virtual image display apparatus also possesses light deflector, and this light deflector makes the direction from the described image light of the described outgoing plane injection of described optical element to the eyes of observer deflect,

Described smooth deflector has holographic element.

9. the virtual image display apparatus according to any one of claim 1 ~ 7, is characterized in that,

Described virtual image display apparatus also has amplification light guide section, and the described image light 2 penetrated from described optical element amplifies by this amplification light guide section with tieing up,

Described amplification light guide section possesses:

Light incident section, described image light incides this light incident section;

First amplifies light guide section, its there is the first reflecting surface of being obliquely installed to the incident direction of described smooth incident section incidence relative to described image light and be arranged in parallel with described first reflecting surface, a part for described image light is reflected and make a part for described image light through the second reflecting surface; And

Second amplifies light guide section, and it leads to through the described image light after described second reflecting surface.

10. the virtual image display apparatus according to any one of claim 1 ~ 9, is characterized in that,

The light source that described image production part possesses injection light and the photoscanner that the described light penetrated from this light source is scanned.

11. virtual image display apparatus according to any one of claim 1 ~ 9, is characterized in that,

The spatial light modulating apparatus that described image production part possesses light source and modulates the light penetrated from this light source based on described signal of video signal.

12. virtual image display apparatus according to any one of claim 1 ~ 9, is characterized in that,

Described image production part has organic EL panel.

13. 1 kinds of head mounted displays, is characterized in that,

Described head mounted display possesses the virtual image display apparatus according to any one of claim 1 ~ 12, and is installed on the head of observer.

14. head mounted displays according to claim 13, is characterized in that,

Described optical element is configured to, and under the state of head being installed on described observer, the left eye of described observer and the direction of right eye arrangement amplifies the sectional area of the described image light of the described outgoing plane injection from described optical element.