CN104956542B - Antenna, antenna assembly, terminal and the method for adjusting Antenna Operation frequency range - Google Patents
Antenna, antenna assembly, terminal and the method for adjusting Antenna Operation frequency range Download PDFInfo
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- CN104956542B CN104956542B CN201380071488.0A CN201380071488A CN104956542B CN 104956542 B CN104956542 B CN 104956542B CN 201380071488 A CN201380071488 A CN 201380071488A CN 104956542 B CN104956542 B CN 104956542B
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
- H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
- H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
- H01Q5/342—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes
- H01Q5/357—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes using a single feed point
- H01Q5/364—Creating multiple current paths
- H01Q5/371—Branching current paths
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
- H01Q9/42—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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Abstract
A kind of offer antenna of the embodiment of the present invention, antenna assembly, terminal and the method for adjusting Antenna Operation frequency range.Wherein antenna includes：Distributing point, feed minor matters and coupling minor matters；Minor matters are fed to be electrically connected with distributing point；Coupling minor matters are coupled with feed minor matters；Coupling minor matters includes at least two earth points, an earth point at least two earth points is used to be grounded, and other earth points are optionally grounded or earth-free, or, when an earth point at least two earth points is grounded, other earth points are optionally grounded or earth-free.Using antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention, change the ground connection combination of coupling minor matters, increase the working frequency range of antenna, due to selecting the different Antenna Operation frequency range of different ground connection combination correspondences, so antenna headroom need to only meet the maximum Clearance Requirement under various ground connection combinations, without reaching Clearance requirement of the antenna when whole working frequency range all works, so that while the covering of antenna multifrequency, without increasing headroom.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of mobile communications technologies, and in particular, to an antenna, an antenna apparatus, a terminal, and a method for adjusting an operating frequency band of the antenna.
Background
Headroom refers to the minimum clean space left around the antenna in order to allow the antenna to have a wide operating bandwidth (each antenna has its center resonant frequency, and when the antenna deviates from the center resonant frequency, some electrical properties of the antenna will degrade, and the electrical properties will degrade to the range of allowable values from the beginning to the end, i.e., the operating band of the antenna). The headroom is understood to be a spherical space if the antenna is considered as a point, and the minimum distance (corresponding to the radius of the spherical space) is often used to express the size of the headroom when analyzing the headroom.
In the prior art, a mode of increasing coupling branches is adopted, so that the working bandwidth of a single antenna can be increased, but the increase effect is general, and it is difficult to further increase the resonant frequency of the antenna so as to obtain more working frequency bands. Meanwhile, because there is a close relationship between the antenna headroom and the antenna bandwidth, the wider the bandwidth, the higher the requirement for headroom, and therefore, to obtain the wide bandwidth, it is necessary to increase the headroom. For example, in the single antenna scheme in the prior art, if the single antenna scheme covers 698MHz to 960MHz or 1710MHz to 2700MHz, the antenna headroom only needs 7mm, and when one antenna covers the two frequency bands simultaneously, the antenna headroom needs to be increased to more than 10mm to achieve better antenna efficiency, and it is difficult to provide a headroom exceeding 10mm for the miniaturized handheld terminal.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide an antenna, an antenna apparatus, a terminal, and a method for adjusting an operating frequency band of the antenna, which can solve the problem that headroom needs to be increased when the antenna covers multiple frequencies.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, an antenna is provided, including: a feed point, a feed branch and a coupling branch; the feeding branch is electrically connected with the feeding point; the coupling branch is coupled with the feed branch; the coupling branch comprises at least two grounding points; one grounding point of the at least two grounding points is used for grounding, and the other grounding points can be selectively grounded or ungrounded; alternatively, when one of the at least two grounding points is grounded, the other grounding points can be selectively grounded or ungrounded.
In a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, one of the at least two grounding points is used for grounding, and the other grounding points may be selectively grounded or ungrounded, specifically including: the one grounding point is directly grounded, and the other grounding points are selectively grounded or ungrounded through the switch.
In a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, when the one grounding point is grounded, the selectively grounding or non-grounding of other grounding points specifically includes:
when one grounding point is grounded through the switch, the other grounding points can be selectively grounded or ungrounded through the switch.
With reference to the first aspect or any one of the first or second possible implementation manners of the first aspect, a third possible implementation manner is that the grounding of the one grounding point specifically includes: the one grounding point is grounded at an end of the coupling stub, which means that the current path from the end to the farthest radiating point on the coupling stub has the longest length.
In a second aspect, an antenna apparatus is provided, which includes an antenna, a first obtaining unit and a control unit, where the first obtaining unit is electrically connected to the control unit; the control unit is electrically connected with the antenna; the antenna includes: a feed point, a feed branch and a coupling branch; the feeding branch is electrically connected with the feeding point; the coupling branch is coupled with the feed branch; the coupling branch comprises at least two grounding points; one grounding point of the at least two grounding points is used for grounding, and the other grounding points can be selectively grounded or ungrounded; or when one grounding point of the at least two grounding points is grounded, the other grounding points can be selectively grounded or ungrounded; the first acquisition unit is used for acquiring a target working frequency band; the control unit is used for adjusting the grounding combination of the antenna according to the target working frequency band; the grounding combination comprises a combination of grounding or non-grounding of the at least two grounding points.
In a first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the antenna apparatus further includes a storage unit, where the storage unit is electrically connected to the control unit, and the storage unit is configured to store a grounding condition table, where the grounding condition table records an operating frequency band of an antenna corresponding to a grounding combination; the adjusting the operating frequency band of the antenna according to the target operating frequency band specifically includes: and finding the corresponding working frequency band of the antenna in the grounding condition table according to the target working frequency band, and selecting the grounding combination according to the corresponding relation between the grounding combination recorded by the grounding condition table and the working frequency band of the antenna.
With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, a second possible implementation manner is that the antenna apparatus further includes a second obtaining unit, where the second obtaining unit is electrically connected to the control unit, and is configured to obtain a holding condition of a user; the grounding condition table further records the corresponding relation of the working frequency range, the holding condition and the grounding combination of the antenna; the control unit is further configured to adjust the operating frequency band of the antenna according to the target operating frequency band and the holding condition of the user; the adjusting the operating frequency band of the antenna according to the target operating frequency band and the holding condition of the user specifically includes: and finding the corresponding working frequency band of the antenna in the grounding condition table according to the target working frequency band and the holding condition, and selecting the grounding combination according to the corresponding relation of the working frequency band, the holding condition and the grounding combination of the antenna recorded by the grounding condition table.
With reference to the second possible implementation manner of the second aspect, in a third possible implementation manner, the second obtaining unit is a user input device; the second acquiring unit specifically acquires the holding condition of the user, and includes: acquiring a holding condition according to the self selection of a user on the user input device; or, the second acquisition unit is a sensor; the second acquiring unit specifically acquires the holding condition of the user, and includes: the sensor judges the holding condition through holding of a human hand, or the sensor judges the holding condition through a sliding trace of fingers.
With reference to the second aspect or any one of the first to third possible implementation manners of the second aspect, a fourth possible implementation manner is that one grounding point of the at least two grounding points is used for grounding, and other grounding points may be selectively grounded or not grounded, and specifically include: one grounding point is directly grounded, and other grounding points are selectively grounded or ungrounded through the switch.
With reference to the second aspect or any one of the first to third possible implementation manners of the second aspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner, when one grounding point of the at least two grounding points is grounded, the other grounding points may be selectively grounded or not grounded, which specifically includes: one grounding point is grounded through the switch, and other grounding points can be selectively grounded or ungrounded through the switch.
With reference to the second aspect or any one of the first to fifth possible implementation manners of the second aspect, a sixth possible implementation manner is that the grounding of the one grounding point specifically includes: the one grounding point is grounded at an end of the coupling stub, which means that the current path from the end to the farthest radiating point on the coupling stub has the longest length.
With reference to the second aspect or any one of the first to sixth possible implementation manners of the second aspect, in a seventh possible implementation manner, the acquiring the target operating frequency band by the first acquiring unit is a user input device, and the acquiring the target operating frequency band by the first acquiring unit specifically includes: and acquiring the working frequency band of the operator according to the self selection of the user on the user input device.
In a third aspect, a terminal is provided, where the terminal includes a body and the antenna device of any one of the second aspect, and the antenna device is disposed on the body.
In a fourth aspect, a method for adjusting an operating frequency band of an antenna is provided, including: acquiring a target working frequency band; and adjusting the grounding combination of the antenna to enable the working frequency band of the antenna to be adjusted to correspond to the target working frequency band.
In a first possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the antenna includes at least two grounding points, one of the at least two grounding points is used for grounding, and the other grounding points are selectively grounded or ungrounded; the adjusting the grounding combination of the antenna to adjust the working frequency band of the antenna to correspond to the target working frequency band specifically comprises: presetting a grounding condition table at a terminal where the antenna is located, wherein the grounding condition table records the working frequency band of the antenna corresponding to a grounding combination, and the grounding combination comprises a combination of grounding or ungrounded of the at least two grounding points; and finding the corresponding working frequency band of the antenna in the grounding condition table according to the target working frequency band, and selecting the grounding combination according to the working frequency band of the antenna corresponding to the grounding combination recorded by the grounding condition table.
In a second possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the antenna includes at least two grounding points, and when one of the at least two grounding points is grounded, other grounding points may be selectively grounded or ungrounded; the adjusting the grounding combination of the antenna to adjust the working frequency band of the antenna to correspond to the target working frequency band specifically comprises: presetting a grounding condition table at a terminal where the antenna is located, wherein the grounding condition table records the working frequency band of the antenna corresponding to a grounding combination, and the grounding combination comprises a combination of grounding or ungrounded of the at least two grounding points; and finding the corresponding working frequency band of the antenna in the grounding condition table according to the target working frequency band, and selecting the grounding combination according to the working frequency band of the antenna corresponding to the grounding combination recorded by the grounding condition table.
With reference to the first or second possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, a third possible implementation manner is that the method further includes acquiring a holding condition of the user; the grounding condition table further records the corresponding relation of the working frequency range, the holding condition and the grounding combination of the antenna; and finding the corresponding working frequency band of the antenna in the grounding condition table according to the target working frequency band and the holding condition, and selecting the grounding combination according to the corresponding relation recorded by the grounding condition table.
With reference to the third possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the fourth possible implementation manner is: the acquiring the holding condition of the user comprises the following steps: the user selects the holding condition by himself, or the sensor judges the holding condition through the holding of the human hand, or the sensor judges the holding condition through the sliding trace of the finger.
With reference to the fourth aspect and any one of the first to fourth possible implementation manners of the fourth aspect, a fifth possible implementation manner is: the acquiring of the target working frequency band comprises: the user selects the working frequency band of the operator.
The embodiment of the invention provides an antenna, an antenna device, a terminal and a method for adjusting the working frequency band of the antenna, the antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention changes the resonant frequency and the corresponding working frequency band of the antenna by selecting a proper grounding combination, and the clearance of the antenna only needs to meet the maximum clearance requirement under various grounding conditions because different grounding combinations are selected to correspond to different working frequency bands, and does not need to meet the clearance requirement when the antenna works in all working frequency bands, so that the multi-frequency coverage of the antenna can be realized without increasing the clearance.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 1a is a schematic diagram of a current path in an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 1b is a schematic diagram of a current path in an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2a is a schematic diagram of a current path in an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2b is a schematic diagram of a current path in an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3a is a schematic diagram of a current path in an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3b is a schematic diagram of a current path in an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a feeding branch and a coupling branch attached to a dielectric substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7a is a schematic diagram of a current path in an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7b is a schematic diagram of a current path in an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of an antenna apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic block diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a flowchart illustrating a method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Although the following description and drawings are mainly directed to the application of the antenna to a mobile phone. It is to be understood, however, that the invention is not limited to this application, but may be applied to many other communication terminals, including mobile telephones, pagers, communicators, electronic organizers, smartphones, PDA personal digital assistants, in-vehicle radio communication apparatus, computers, printers, facsimile machines, or the like, which implement antenna arrangements provided by embodiments of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the antenna includes:
feed branch 101, feed point 102, coupling branch 103, and coupling branch 103 include at least two grounding points 104 (two grounding points are used in this embodiment). The feed branch 101 is electrically connected with the feed point 102, and the coupling branch 103 is coupled with the feed branch 101; one grounding point of the at least two grounding points is used for grounding, and the other grounding points can be selectively grounded or ungrounded; alternatively, when one of the at least two grounding points is grounded, the other grounding points can be selectively grounded or ungrounded.
It should be noted that, when one of the at least two grounding points is used for grounding, the grounding point is always grounded, and when one of the at least two grounding points is grounded, the other grounding points are selectively grounded or not grounded, which means: at least one of the at least two grounding points needs to be grounded, and the grounding points for grounding may be different according to different situations, no matter the above-mentioned one grounding point is used for grounding or the situation when one grounding point is grounded, it is intended that the coupling branch 103 and the grounding point 104 are electrically connected. It is understood that the above-mentioned grounding point can be selectively grounded or not grounded through the switch 105, and therefore, in the following embodiments, the coupling branch 103 is selectively grounded through the switch 105 as an example unless otherwise specified.
Specifically, when there is only one switch 105 between the coupling branch 103 and the grounding point 104, the coupling branch 105 is electrically connected to the grounding point 104 at other positions (in the present embodiment, the end of the antenna is used for example, and the meaning of the end will be further explained below) so that the coupling branch 103 and the grounding point 104 are always electrically connected, that is, in the above-mentioned case "one of at least two grounding points is used for grounding", in this case, when the switch 105 is open, the current path is determined by the inherent structure of the antenna (i.e., the current path is shown by the dashed line in fig. 1a, the current direction is shown by the arrow), when the switch 105 is closed, a new grounding point is added to the coupling branch, and the original electric field distribution is changed, so that a new current path (shown by a dotted line in fig. 1b as a new current path, and an arrow shows the trend of the current path) is formed. Because the new current path length is different from the original current path length, it is possible to couple the new current path length with the feeding stub 101 to generate different antenna resonant frequencies and operating frequency bands, and when the positions of the switches 105 are different, the new current path length is also different, and the specific position to be selected is determined by a debugging method according to the operating frequency band and other factors of the antenna which needs to operate. It will be appreciated that this case can be extended to a multi-switch case, see fig. 2, from which it can be seen that the coupling limb 103 has a ground point for grounding, and is further selectively grounded by means of two switches 105, the length of the current path being determined by the inherent structure of the antenna when both switches 105 are open (the current path is shown in dashed lines and the current direction is shown by the arrows in fig. 2 a); when the switch 105a is closed and the switch 105b is opened, the current path in the coupling branch is changed (the dotted line in fig. 2b indicates the current path, and the arrow indicates the current direction), and if the opening and closing manner of the switch is further changed, the current path is further changed, and the related contents are not described again.
In the second case (see fig. 3), there is no position on the coupling branch 103 where it is always electrically connected to the ground point 104, which requires that at least one switch 105 is in a closed state in each case of opening and closing of the switch 105, i.e.: when one grounding point is grounded, other grounding points can be selectively grounded or ungrounded. It can be understood that, different open/close states of the switches 105 divide the coupling branch 103 into different parts, that is, different current path lengths are formed in the coupling branch 103, for example, the corresponding current paths in fig. 3a (switch 105c is closed, switch 105d is open) and fig. 3b (switch 105c is open, switch 105d is closed) are different, so as to change the coupling amount between the coupling branch 103 and the feeding branch 101, and change the antenna resonant frequency and the corresponding antenna operating frequency band. The specific position to be selected can be determined by a debugging mode according to factors such as the working frequency band in which the antenna needs to work.
It should be noted that, a grounding point of the coupling stub is grounded, and the grounding point is preferably grounded at an end of the coupling stub, where the end (including where 103 and 104 in fig. 1 (fig. 1a, fig. 1b) and fig. 2 (fig. 2a and fig. 2b) are connected) refers to that, when the structure of one coupling stub is determined, the current path length (e.g. the length of the dotted line in fig. 1a and fig. 2 a) from the end to the farthest radiating point on the coupling stub (the position shown by Δ in fig. 1 and fig. 2 is the farthest radiating point, Δ is only used to indicate the position and is not part of the antenna structure, and Δ in other figures also indicates the same meaning) is longest. The reason why the length of the current path is inversely related to the resonant frequency of the antenna is that when the length of the current path is the longest, the generated resonant frequency is the lowest, and if the length of the current path is not selected at the end, but is selected at a position other than the end of the coupling branch 103, it can be understood that the length of the current path from the position other than the end to any position of the coupling branch (such as the length of the dotted line in fig. 1b and 2b) is smaller than the length of the current path from the end to the farthest radiating point, and the shorter the length of the current path, the fewer the low-frequency resonant frequencies can be generated, the number of operable frequency bands of the whole antenna is reduced, and a section of the antenna length is wasted, which is definitely contrary to the desire of broadband and multifrequency. It will be appreciated that where the coupling limb 103 is all electrically connected to ground by a plurality of switches (see figure 3), one of the switches (e.g. 105c in figure 3) may preferably be at the end of the coupling limb such that when this switch is closed (see figure 3a) the longest current path length (length in dashed line in figure 3a) is produced in the coupling limb 103.
It should be noted that, by adding the switch 105 to the coupling branch 103, the length of the current path in the coupling branch 103 can be changed, so as to change the antenna resonant frequency and the corresponding antenna operating frequency band, and thus, the antenna headroom only needs to satisfy the maximum headroom requirement as long as the larger of the headroom requirements of the antenna before and after the change is satisfied. For example, in the case of only one switch 105 on the coupling branch 103, if the antenna can cover 698MHz to 960MHz when the switch 105 is open and the headroom is required to be 7mm, and if the antenna covers 1710MHz to 2700MHz when the switch 105 is closed, the headroom is required to be 7.5mm, the headroom requirement of the whole antenna is only 7.5mm, and it is not necessary to increase the headroom of the antenna to more than 10mm when one antenna covers the two frequency bands simultaneously. The antenna has corresponding headroom requirements when operating in each working frequency band, different working frequency bands may correspond to different headroom requirements, and the maximum value of the headroom requirements is the maximum headroom requirement.
Furthermore, in order to reduce the interference of the external signal to the operation of the antenna, the feeding branch node may be connected to a feeder (feeder) through a feeding point. The feeder is a transmission line for feeding electric energy to the directional antenna, and compared with a common wire, the feeder has the advantages of small high-frequency attenuation to received signals, strong anti-interference capability and low possibility of being interfered by external high-frequency signals. When a signal is sent, the output end of the radio frequency chip transmits electric energy to the feed branch section through the feeder line, and the antenna converts the electric energy into electromagnetic waves which can be transmitted in a free space; when receiving a signal, the input of the radio frequency chip receives an electromagnetic wave in free space captured by the feed line from the antenna. It is understood that the above-mentioned rf chip may also be replaced by a combination of discrete components, and in particular, may further include a filter circuit, a power amplifier circuit, a modem circuit, and the like.
The embodiment of the invention does not limit the shapes of the coupling branch and the feed branch. The antenna can be in the form of fig. 1 to fig. 3, or in the form of an inverted U-shaped feeding branch, the coupling branch is in the form of an n-shaped half-surrounding feeding branch (as in fig. 4), the feeding branch and the coupling branch can also be in the form of a serpentine antenna (as in fig. 5), and different antenna forms can be adopted to enhance or weaken the coupling amount between the coupling branch and the feeding branch, so as to obtain a required antenna operating frequency band.
Air can be used as a medium between the plane (generally, a printed circuit board on which a motherboard is located) where the feeding branch 101, the coupling branch 103 and the ground point 104 are located. Further, in order to reduce the size of the antenna, the feed branch 101 and the coupling branch 103 may be attached to a dielectric substrate 601 (see fig. 6), and the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate 601 is larger than that of air. The dielectric substrate 401 material may comprise plastic, glass, ceramic, or a composite material such as one containing silicon or hydrocarbons. In an application environment of a mobile terminal such as a mobile phone, the thickness of the dielectric substrate 601 is about several millimeters.
Optionally, the feeding branch 101 and the coupling branch 103 may be made of metal, and the metal is (or includes) copper, aluminum, gold, or the like.
Alternatively, feeding branch 101 and coupling branch 103 may be plated onto dielectric substrate 601 by using laser direct structuring or other techniques, or feeding branch 101 and parasitic branch 103 may be attached to dielectric substrate 601 by using an adhesive or other means.
Optionally, the coupling branch and the ground point may be electrically connected by a metal spring, by welding, or by other connection methods.
Fig. 7 illustrates a specific embodiment of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention, which can better cover multiple operating bands without increasing headroom, and includes:
the feed branch 101 is electrically connected with the feed point 102, the feed branch is in an inverted U shape, the coupling branch 103 is coupled with the feed branch 101, and the coupling branch is approximately in a Chinese character 'tian' -shape; the coupling branch semi-surrounds the feed branch 101; the coupling stub is electrically connected to the ground 104 through the switches 105d and 105e, and when one switch is closed, the other switch is opened. In the embodiment of the present invention, the antenna clearance is 7mm, the length of the feeding branch is about 35mm, the main resonance is near 2100MHz, the switch 105d is located at the end of the coupling branch 103, when the switch 105d is closed and the switch 105e is opened, the current has the longest effective current path in the coupling branch 103 (see fig. 7a), as shown, the longest effective current path is about 105mm, the antenna resonance is near 700MHz, and the actually measured S11 is as follows:
table one:
| frequency (MHz) | S11(dB) |
| 678 | -5.3 |
| 704 | -5.8 |
| 746 | -5.2 |
S11 shows the return loss characteristic, which is a common parameter for evaluating the antenna efficiency, and the smaller the value of the parameter, the smaller the reflected energy, and thus the better the antenna efficiency. In general, in the case of electrically small antennas, the value of S11 should be less than-5 dB.
Therefore, the actually measured data show that the S11 value is less than-5 dB in 678MHz to 746MHz, so the effective working range of the antenna covers 678MHz to 746 MHz.
When the switch 105d is opened and the switch 105e is closed (see fig. 7b), the position current of the switch 105e is the largest in the coupling branch 103, the current path in the whole coupling branch 103 is changed, and can be roughly abstracted into three current paths, the length of the current path 1 (from the switch 105e to the radiation point Δ 1) is about 80mm, the resonant frequency of the current path is about 850MHz, the length of the current path 2 (from the switch 105e to the radiation point Δ 2) is about 37mm, the resonant frequency is about 1800MHz, the length of the current path 3 (from the switch 105e to the radiation point Δ 3) is about 25mm, and the resonant frequency is about 2500 MHz.
The actually measured S11 is shown below:
watch two
| Frequency (MHz) | S11(dB) |
| 791 | -5.4 |
| 824 | -11.7 |
| 960 | -5.5 |
| 1710 | -9.7 |
| 1920 | -19.0 |
| 2170 | -15.1 |
| 2500 | -5.1 |
| 2690 | -7.9 |
According to the actually measured data, the effective working range of the antenna at the moment is 790 MHz-960 MHz and 1710 MHz-2700 MHz.
In conclusion, by adopting the antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention, under the condition that the antenna headroom only needs 7mm, the frequencies between 678 MHz-960 MHz and 1710 MHz-2700 MHz are basically covered.
Further, fig. 8 shows an antenna apparatus 801 according to an embodiment of the present invention, including an antenna 802, a first obtaining unit 803 and a control unit 804, where the first obtaining unit 803 is electrically connected to the control unit 804, the control unit 804 is electrically connected to the antenna 802, and the antenna 802 includes: a feed point, a feed branch and a coupling branch; the feeding branch is electrically connected with the feeding point; the coupling branch is coupled with the feed branch; the coupling branch comprises at least two grounding points; one grounding point of the at least two grounding points is used for grounding, and the other grounding points can be selectively grounded or ungrounded; alternatively, when one of the at least two grounding points is grounded, the other grounding points can be selectively grounded or ungrounded. The first obtaining unit 803 is configured to obtain a target operating frequency band; the control unit 804 is configured to adjust a ground combination of the antenna 802 according to the target operating frequency band; the grounding combination comprises a combination of grounding or non-grounding of the at least two grounding points;
the first acquiring unit 803 may be a user input device, such as a touch screen. The control unit 803 may be a processor, such as a processor of a terminal device. In an optional manner, the antenna apparatus further includes a storage unit, where the storage unit is electrically connected to the control unit, that is, the storage unit and the control unit can transmit data, and the storage unit is configured to store a grounding condition table, where the grounding condition table records a working frequency band of the antenna corresponding to a grounding combination; the adjusting the grounding combination of the antenna according to the target working frequency band specifically includes: and finding the corresponding working frequency band of the antenna in the grounding condition table according to the target working frequency band, and selecting the combination of the grounding points according to the corresponding relation between the grounding combination recorded by the grounding condition table and the working frequency band of the antenna. Wherein, the storage unit can be a memory of the terminal device; the correspondence includes the condition that the working frequency band of the antenna is the same as or similar to the target working frequency band.
Specifically, as an example, the mode of selective grounding through a switch is still used, when the antenna is designed and produced, the antenna working frequency bands corresponding to the switching of different switches are recorded in the grounding condition table, then the working frequency bands provided by an operator are obtained when the antenna is used, the antenna working frequency bands in the grounding condition table are correspondingly found, and then the switching condition of the switch is selected according to the corresponding relation between the antenna working frequency bands in the grounding condition table and the switching of the switch. The terminal where the antenna is located can also preset and update an operating frequency band table, and the table records the corresponding relation between the operating frequency bands which are not provided by the operator and the operator. Illustratively, the above method is further described with reference to table three:
watch III
In the third table, the frequency bands of NTT docomo are recorded as 1450 MHz-1520 MHz, 1920 MHz-1980 MHz and 2110 MHz-2170 MHz, and the working frequency band of the B operator is 700-800 MHz; the working frequency band table can be stored in the memory of the terminal, the data in the working frequency band table can be preset during production, or the data can be updated after sale from the network side, and the data changed by the operator is added into the table during updating. Another grounding condition table is arranged in the terminal, and records different working frequency bands of the antenna corresponding to different switch opening and closing combinations (equivalent to grounding combinations), for example, the grounding condition table records that the working frequency band of the antenna corresponding to the opening of the switch 1 and the closing of the switch 2 (equivalent to one grounding combination) is 1450 MHz-1520 MHz; the antenna working frequency bands corresponding to the closed switch 1 and the opened switch 2 (equivalent to the grounding combination two) are 1920 MHz-1980 MHz and 2110 MHz-2170 MHz, the antenna working frequency bands corresponding to the closed switch 1 and the closed switch 2 (equivalent to the grounding combination three) are 1920 MHz-1980 MHz and the corresponding antenna working frequency bands are 700-850 MHz, when the terminal knows the working frequency band provided by the current position operator, the corresponding antenna working frequency band can be found in the grounding condition table according to the working frequency band provided by the operator, then the proper switch opening and closing condition (namely the grounding combination) is selected according to the corresponding relation between the antenna working frequency band and the switch opening and closing combination, for example, when the terminal needs to work in the 1450 MHz-1520 MHz frequency band of NTT docomo, the antenna working frequency band which is the same as the frequency band is found, and then the opened switch 1 and the closed switch 2 are determined; when the terminal needs to work in the 1920 MHz-1980 MHz and 2110 MHz-2170 MHz bands of NTTdocomo, the same antenna working frequency band is found, then the switch 1 is determined to be closed, the switch 2 is determined to be opened, when the working frequency band provided by the B operator is 700-800 MHz, although the completely same antenna working frequency band is not recorded in the grounding condition table, one antenna working frequency band is 700-850 MHz, and the working frequency band of the B operator can be covered, then the switch 1 and the switch 2 are both selected to be closed. Specifically, which antenna operating frequency band corresponds to the opening and closing of the different switches can be determined by technicians during antenna design and production, so that the information of the grounding condition table is set before delivery, and does not need to be updated after delivery, and the grounding condition table can also be stored in a memory of the terminal.
In this embodiment of the present invention, the first obtaining unit may be a user input device, such as a touch screen, and the obtaining of the target operating frequency band by the first obtaining unit specifically includes: and acquiring the working frequency band of the operator according to the self selection of the user on the user input equipment. The method for the terminal to obtain the working frequency band of the operator comprises the step that the user can select the operator, so that the working frequency band provided by the operator is determined according to the working frequency band table. The invention is not limited in any way.
Further, the antenna device further comprises a second obtaining unit, the second obtaining unit is electrically connected with the control unit, and the second obtaining unit is used for obtaining the holding condition of the user; the grounding condition table further records the corresponding relation among the working frequency range, the holding condition and the grounding combination of the antenna; the control unit is further configured to adjust the operating frequency band of the antenna according to the target operating frequency band and the holding condition of the user; the adjusting the operating frequency band of the antenna according to the target operating frequency band and the holding condition of the user specifically includes: and finding the corresponding working frequency band of the antenna in the grounding condition table according to the target working frequency band and the holding condition, and selecting the grounding combination according to the corresponding relation of the working frequency band, the holding condition and the grounding combination of the antenna recorded by the grounding condition table. The second acquisition unit is a user input device; the second acquiring unit specifically acquires the holding condition of the user, and includes: acquiring a holding condition according to the self selection of a user on the user input device; or, the second acquisition unit is a sensor; the second acquiring unit specifically acquires the holding condition of the user, and includes: the sensor judges the holding condition through holding of a human hand, or the sensor judges the holding condition through a sliding trace of fingers. The holding condition includes left-right hand holding, front-back hand holding, and the like.
In the following, taking the antenna shown in fig. 9 as an example of the antenna device in the embodiment of the present invention, the antenna includes:
the feeding branch 101 is electrically connected with the feeding point 102; coupling branch 103 is coupled with feed branch 101, coupling branch 103 and feed branch 101 are in bilateral symmetry, coupling branch 103 and feed branch 101 have the same symmetry axis (shown by dotted line in the figure), and feed point 102 is located on the symmetry axis of coupling branch 103 and feed branch 101; the coupling stub is electrically connected to the ground point 104 through two switches 105g, 105h, and when one switch is closed, the other switch is opened, and the two switches 105g, 105h are also disposed at positions symmetrical with respect to the above-mentioned symmetry axis. In combination with the antenna, another embodiment of the antenna arrangement is provided
It should be noted that the illustrated symmetrical manner of the antenna is merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can easily conceive of variations of the antenna form.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the feed branch 101, the coupling branch 103, and the two switches 105g and 105h are all arranged symmetrically about the same axis of symmetry, and the antenna obtained in this way is easier to analyze the influence on the performance of the antenna when held by the left and right hands. Specifically, during design and debugging of the mobile phone, the situation that different switches are opened and closed when the left hand and the right hand respectively hold the mobile phone to enable the antenna efficiency to be the same or similar is determined, for example, during design and debugging, it is found that when the right hand holds the mobile phone, the switch 105g is opened, the switch 105h is closed, the performance of the antenna is good, the situation that the switch 105g is opened and the switch 105h is closed is recorded as the situation that the switches are opened and closed when the right hand holds the mobile phone, and when the left hand holds the mobile phone, the switch 105g is closed, the switch 105h is opened, the efficiency of the antenna can also achieve the effect that the switch 105g is opened and the switch 105h is closed when the right hand holds the mobile phone, the situation that the situation corresponds to is recorded as the situation that the switches are opened and closed when the left hand holds the mobile phone. When the user uses the antenna, the user can directly input the holding condition of the left hand and the right hand on the input device, or can judge the holding condition of the left hand and the right hand in a sensor mode or the like, or judge the holding condition of the left hand and the right hand in a finger sliding trace mode, and after the user recognizes the holding condition of the left hand and the right hand, the corresponding grounding combination is selected according to the corresponding relation of the working frequency range, the holding condition and the grounding combination of the antenna recorded by the grounding condition table.
Watch four
It can be understood that, although the embodiment of the present invention is exemplified in a symmetric manner, in an asymmetric antenna form, it is also possible to preferably select, during design and debugging, different switch on/off conditions corresponding to the same or similar effects respectively achieved when the left and right hands are held, and then record the selected switch on/off combination condition in the memory, and when the user uses the antenna, obtain the selected switch on/off combination from the memory according to the above-mentioned method for identifying the left and right hands holding, and perform corresponding operations. By combining the table four, it can be further explained that, for example, in the design and debugging, it is found that when the working frequency band of the antenna is 700-800 MHz, and the antenna is held by the right hand, the effect of the switch combination 1 corresponding to the working frequency band is better, and when the antenna is held by the left hand, the effect of the switch combination 2 corresponding to the antenna is better. The working frequency band of the antenna, the situation of holding by the left hand and the right hand and the corresponding switch on-off situation are recorded in the grounding situation table, when the grounding situation table is actually used, the situation that the working frequency band of an operator B is 700-800 MHz is obtained, the situation that the working frequency band of the antenna is 700-800 MHz is found in the grounding situation table, then the situation that the antenna is held by the left hand or the right hand is judged, and the corresponding switch combination is found by combining the working frequency band of the antenna and the situation that the antenna is held by the left hand and the right hand. Thus, the antenna has good efficiency no matter the user holds the antenna by the left hand or the right hand.
Fig. 10 is a terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The terminal comprises a body 1001 and an antenna device 1002, wherein the antenna device 1002 is arranged on the terminal body 1001. The antenna device includes the first acquisition unit, the control unit, the antenna or the second acquisition unit, the storage unit, and the like mentioned in the above embodiments. Wherein the first acquisition unit may be a user input device, the control unit may be a processor, the second acquisition unit may be a user input device, a sensor, etc., and the storage unit may be a memory.
When the terminal is a handheld terminal, in order to reduce the influence of a head touch, the antenna can be positioned on a bottom side vertical surface of the handheld terminal, wherein the position of the feeding point is positioned in the middle of the bottom side vertical surface.
By adopting the antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention, the switches are additionally arranged at different positions of the coupling branches, so that the length of a current path of the current in the coupling branches is changed, namely the resonant frequency and the corresponding working frequency band of the antenna are changed, and the conditions of selecting different switches correspond to different working frequency bands, so that the clearance of the antenna only needs to meet the maximum clearance requirement under various switching conditions, and does not need to meet the clearance requirement when the antenna can work in all working frequency bands, thereby enabling the antenna to cover multiple frequencies and not need to increase the clearance.
Fig. 11 provides a method for adjusting an operating frequency band of an antenna according to another embodiment of the present invention, where the method includes: 1101. acquiring a target working frequency band; 1102. and adjusting the grounding combination of the antenna to enable the working frequency band of the antenna to be adjusted to correspond to the target working frequency band.
Optionally, the antenna includes at least two grounding points, and one of the at least two grounding points is used for grounding, or when one of the at least two grounding points is grounded, other grounding points may be selectively grounded or ungrounded. Optionally, adjusting the ground combination of the antenna to adjust the antenna operating frequency band to correspond to the target operating frequency band specifically includes: presetting a grounding condition table at a terminal where the antenna is located, wherein the grounding condition table records the working frequency band of the antenna corresponding to a grounding combination, and the grounding combination comprises a combination of grounding or ungrounded of the at least two grounding points; and finding the corresponding working frequency band of the antenna in the grounding condition table according to the target working frequency band, and selecting the grounding combination according to the working frequency band of the antenna corresponding to the grounding combination recorded by the grounding condition table. In particular, the grounding combination includes a combination of grounding or non-grounding of the at least two grounding points.
Further, the method also comprises the steps of obtaining the holding condition of the user; comprises a front hand-holding part, a back hand-holding part, a left hand-holding part, a right hand-holding part and the like. Optionally, the grounding condition table further records a corresponding relationship between the working frequency band, the holding condition and the grounding combination of the antenna; and finding the corresponding working frequency band of the antenna in the grounding condition table according to the target working frequency band and the holding condition, and selecting the grounding combination according to the corresponding relation recorded by the grounding condition table.
Optionally, the acquiring the holding condition includes: the user selects to obtain the holding condition by himself, or judges the holding condition through a sensor, or judges the holding condition through a sliding trace of a finger, and the like.
Optionally, the obtaining the target operating frequency band includes: the user selects the working frequency band of the operator.
By adopting the method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the working frequency band of the antenna is adjusted to correspond to the target working frequency band by selecting the appropriate grounding condition after the target working frequency band of the antenna is obtained. Specifically, the switch is added at different positions of the antenna, so that the length of a current path of a current in the antenna is changed, namely the resonant frequency of the antenna and the corresponding operating frequency band are changed. Because different grounding combinations are selected to correspond to different working frequency bands, the clearance of the antenna only needs to meet the maximum clearance requirement under various switching conditions, and the clearance requirement when the antenna can work in all the working frequency bands does not need to be met, so that the antenna can cover multiple frequencies, and the clearance does not need to be increased.
In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.
It is noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions.
It should be noted that, in some embodiments of the present invention, the "unit" is hardware and/or a combination of software which can realize corresponding functions, that is, the realization of hardware, software or a combination of software and hardware is conceivable.
The above-mentioned electrical connection means includes means of direct physical contact or electrical contact between different units, and means of transmission of electrical signals between different units without direct physical contact or electrical contact.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (12)
1. An antenna device, includes antenna, first acquisition unit and the control unit, its characterized in that:
the first acquisition unit is electrically connected with the control unit;
the control unit is electrically connected with the antenna;
the antenna includes: a feed point, a feed stub and a coupling stub; the feeding branch is electrically connected with the feeding point; the coupling branch is coupled with the feed branch; the coupling branch comprises at least two grounding points;
one grounding point of the at least two grounding points is used for grounding, and the other grounding points can be selectively grounded or ungrounded; or,
when one grounding point of the at least two grounding points is grounded, the other grounding points can be selectively grounded or ungrounded;
the first acquisition unit is used for acquiring a target working frequency band;
the control unit is used for adjusting the grounding combination of the antenna according to the target working frequency band;
the grounding combination comprises a combination of grounding or non-grounding of the at least two grounding points;
the antenna device further comprises a storage unit, wherein the storage unit is used for storing a grounding condition table, and the grounding condition table records the working frequency band of the antenna corresponding to the grounding combination;
the adjusting the grounding combination of the antenna according to the target working frequency band specifically includes: finding the corresponding working frequency band of the antenna in the grounding condition table according to the target working frequency band, and selecting the grounding combination according to the corresponding relation between the grounding combination recorded by the grounding condition table and the working frequency band of the antenna;
the antenna device further comprises a second acquisition unit, the second acquisition unit is electrically connected with the control unit, and the second acquisition unit is used for acquiring the holding condition of a user;
the grounding condition table further records the corresponding relation of the working frequency range, the holding condition and the grounding combination of the antenna;
the control unit is further used for adjusting the grounding combination of the antenna according to the target working frequency band and the holding condition of the user;
the adjusting the grounding combination of the antenna according to the target working frequency band and the holding condition of the user specifically comprises:
and finding the corresponding working frequency band of the antenna in the grounding condition table according to the target working frequency band and the holding condition, and selecting the grounding combination according to the corresponding relation of the working frequency band, the holding condition and the grounding combination of the antenna recorded by the grounding condition table.
2. The antenna device of claim 1, wherein: the second acquisition unit is a user input device; the second acquiring unit specifically acquires the holding condition of the user, and includes: acquiring a holding condition according to the self selection of a user on the user input device; or, the second acquisition unit is a sensor; the second acquiring unit specifically acquires the holding condition of the user, and includes: the sensor judges the holding condition through holding of a human hand, or the sensor judges the holding condition through a sliding trace of fingers.
3. The antenna device of claim 1, wherein: one of the at least two grounding points is used for grounding, and the other grounding points can be selectively grounded or ungrounded, and specifically include: one grounding point is directly grounded, and other grounding points are selectively grounded or ungrounded through the switch.
4. The antenna device of claim 1, wherein: when one of the at least two grounding points is grounded, the other grounding points can be selectively grounded or ungrounded, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
when one grounding point is grounded through the switch, other grounding points can be selectively grounded or ungrounded through the switch.
5. The antenna device of claim 1, wherein: the grounding of the one grounding point specifically comprises: the one grounding point is grounded at an end of the coupling stub, which means that the current path from the end to the farthest radiating point on the coupling stub has the longest length.
6. The antenna device of claim 1, wherein: the first obtaining unit is a user input device, and the obtaining of the target working frequency band by the first obtaining unit specifically includes: and acquiring the working frequency band of the operator according to the self selection of the user on the user input device.
7. A terminal, comprising a body and an antenna device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, said antenna device being provided on said body.
8. A method for adjusting the working frequency band of an antenna is characterized in that:
acquiring a target working frequency band;
adjusting a grounding combination of the antenna to enable the working frequency band of the antenna to be adjusted to correspond to the target working frequency band, wherein the grounding combination comprises a combination of at least two grounding points of the antenna which are grounded or ungrounded, and the at least two grounding points are connected to a coupling branch of the same antenna;
the adjusting the grounding combination of the antenna to adjust the working frequency band of the antenna to correspond to the target working frequency band specifically comprises:
presetting a grounding condition table at a terminal where the antenna is located, wherein the grounding condition table records the working frequency band of the antenna corresponding to the grounding combination; finding the corresponding working frequency band of the antenna in the grounding condition table according to the target working frequency band, and selecting the grounding combination according to the working frequency band of the antenna corresponding to the grounding combination recorded by the grounding condition table;
acquiring the holding condition of a user;
the grounding condition table further records the corresponding relation of the working frequency range, the holding condition and the grounding combination of the antenna; and finding the corresponding working frequency band of the antenna in the grounding condition table according to the target working frequency band and the holding condition, and selecting the grounding combination according to the corresponding relation recorded by the grounding condition table.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein:
one of the at least two grounding points is used for grounding, and the other grounding points can be selectively grounded or ungrounded.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein:
when one grounding point of the at least two grounding points is grounded, the other grounding points can be selectively grounded or ungrounded.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein:
the acquiring the holding condition of the user comprises the following steps: the user selects the holding condition by himself, or the sensor judges the holding condition through the holding of the human hand, or the sensor judges the holding condition through the sliding trace of the finger.
12. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein:
the acquiring of the target working frequency band comprises: the user selects the working frequency band of the operator.
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|---|---|
| US10797385B2 (en) | 2020-10-06 |
| KR101791110B1 (en) | 2017-10-27 |
| US20160276742A1 (en) | 2016-09-22 |
| EP3051631B1 (en) | 2021-11-24 |
| CN104956542A (en) | 2015-09-30 |
| EP3051631A4 (en) | 2016-11-30 |
| KR20160071429A (en) | 2016-06-21 |
| EP3051631A1 (en) | 2016-08-03 |
| CN107528117A (en) | 2017-12-29 |
| WO2015085553A1 (en) | 2015-06-18 |
| CN107528117B (en) | 2020-02-14 |
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Address after: 523808 Southern Factory Building (Phase I) Project B2 Production Plant-5, New Town Avenue, Songshan Lake High-tech Industrial Development Zone, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province Patentee after: Huawei Device Co., Ltd. Address before: 523808 Southern Factory Building (Phase I) Project B2 Production Plant-5, New Town Avenue, Songshan Lake High-tech Industrial Development Zone, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province Patentee before: HUAWEI terminal (Dongguan) Co., Ltd. |