CN104946991A - Gear steel for high temperature rapid carburization automobile - Google Patents
Gear steel for high temperature rapid carburization automobile Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to gear steel for a high temperature rapid carburization automobile. The gear steel for the high temperature rapid carburization automobile comprises the following chemical ingredients in percentage by mass: 0.19-0.25% of C, 0.20-0.41% of Si, 0.5-1.33% of Mn, 0.4-1.45% of Cr, 0.01-0.6% of Ti, 0.02-0.35% of Al, 0.085-0.23% of Nb, 0.001-0.35% of Ni, 0.04-0.35% of Mo and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The gear steel for the high temperature rapid carburization automobile has the advantages that Nb, Al, Ni and Ti are added, crystal grains are refined, hardenability range of steel is stabilized, toughness of steel is improved and fluctuation range of product hardness of is reduced while hardenability of steel is enhanced and comprehensive mechanical properties of the steel are improved, so that deformation is small after the gear steel is subjected to heat treatment, and matching ratio is increased; meanwhile, a blending structure is reasonable, so that cost of raw materials is reduced, and benefit of steel is increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Pinion Steel, particularly relate to the high temperature rapid carburization pinion steel for vehicles that a kind of crystal grain thinning thermal treatment quality is good.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the demand of automotive light weight technology and the automobile industry development such as environmental protection and saving fuel oil, namely the design stress improving gear requires steel high strength as the Main way of domestication Automobile Gear Steels development.
Pinion Steel is large usage quantity in automotive material, requires one of higher critical material, not only affects vehicle ages, the technico-economical comparisones such as energy consumption, and also most important for meeting safety, environmental protection and comfort requirement.From the eighties, China in a planned way introduces all kinds of advanced vehicle of industrially developed country.Meanwhile, each large automobile production length of China is cooperated with foreign well-known automobile major company, and Introduced From Abroad advanced automobile production technology, comprising the production technology of automobile gear.For high-power gearbox gear, requirement can bear large stress, thus guarantees that gear just becomes the problem of most critical fatigue lifetime under large stress.The following three kinds of fatigue strength of main consideration: bending fatigue strength, impact fatigue intensity and anti-corrosion fatigue strength.The control of the control, particularly alloying element of chemical composition, purity, grain fineness number, tissue characteristics, hardening capacity and mechanical property then must be considered for improving three kinds of fatigue strength.
The carburizing speed of steel depends on carburizing temperature and carbon potential, case depth is the function of temperature and time, temperature is maximum to infiltrating extending influence of element, roughly exponent function relation. test proves, 1050 DEG C of high temperature carburizings, than at 930 DEG C of conventional carburization process time shortens more than 50%, can significantly reduce thermal treatment process cost and energy consumption.So high temperature rapid carburization is the main flow of current carburizing tech development.But heat treated workpiece keeps high temperature can cause the distortion of too growing up of crystalline grain of steel and material for a long time, material property deterioration and workpiece size is caused to exceed standard.
China Patent Publication No. CN101306435A, publication date on November 19th, 2008, name is called a kind of production method of Pinion Steel, the component (mass percent) that this application case discloses steel is: carbon 0.1-0.35%, silicon 0.15-0.45%, manganese 0.6-1.5%, phosphorus≤0.03%, sulphur≤0.045%, chromium 0.8-1.5%, titanium 0.03-0.12%, aluminium 0.01-0.1%, nickel 0-0.3%, molybdenum 0-0.2%, copper 0-0.2%, nitrogen 0.004-0.015, iron surplus, the technical process of the method comprises, converter is just refined, ladle refining furnace refining or vacuum degassing furnace refining, continuous casting, tandem rolling.Its weak point is, heat treated workpiece keeps high temperature can cause the distortion of too growing up of crystalline grain of steel and material for a long time, causes material property deterioration and workpiece size to exceed standard.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to keep high temperature can cause too growing up of crystalline grain of steel and the distortion of material for a long time to solve existing heat treated Pinion Steel, causing the defect that material property worsens and workpiece size exceeds standard and the high temperature rapid carburization pinion steel for vehicles providing a kind of crystal grain thinning thermal treatment quality good.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
A kind of high temperature rapid carburization pinion steel for vehicles, chemical composition mass percent is as follows: 0.17-0.25%C, 0.17-0.41%Si, 0.5-1.33%Mn, 0.4-1.45%Cr, 0.01-0.6%Ti, 0.02-0.35%Al, 0.085-0.23%Nb, 0.001-0.35%Ni, 0.04-0.35%Mo, and surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.In the technical program, the present invention adds hardening capacity and the intensity that Nb improves steel, its reason is because Nb adds the rear refinement grain-size of original austenite, improve the comprehensive mechanical property of steel, the recovery rate of Nb in molten steel nearly 100%, alloying is accurate, and it is little to react dispersity in performance data; In addition, the carbonitride of Nb can pinning crystal boundary when steel rolling, stop grain growth, and solid solution Nb at crystal boundary enriched concentration up to more than 1% (atomic ratio), intracrystalline is lower, so it has the dual ability strongly pulling crystal boundary movement, being controlled by the content of Nb at 0.085-0.23% is to make its ratio (2:3) existed with precipitate form and solid solution state in thermal distortion reach best, simultaneously can be cost-saving.
The austenite crystal of grain fineness number fine uniform is to the H of stable Pinion Steel, reduce the distortion after gear heat treatment, improve brittle failure drag and crack propagation drag significant, add Al crystal grain thinning, refinement can be carried out to the austenite crystal of steel by Al and Nb simultaneously, thus reach optimal effectiveness, therefore Al content is 0.02-0.35%.
As preferably, chemical composition mass percent is as follows: 0.19-0.23%C, 0.20-0.37%Si, 0.8-1.15%Mn, 0.8-1.35%Cr, 0.04-0.1Ti, 0.065-0.2%Al, 0.0915-0.15%Nb, 0.02-0.17%Ni, 0.15-0.25%Mo, and surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
As preferably; the preparation method of described high temperature rapid carburization pinion steel for vehicles is as follows: under protective atmosphere; starting material and Nb, Ni, Ti, Al raw material are melted forging in ceramic crucible; stir with quartz pushrod; during cooling, first water-cooled is to 100-150 DEG C; then air cooling is to room temperature, obtains the thick finished product of high temperature rapid carburization pinion steel for vehicles.
As preferably, playing a forging temperature is 1050-1150 DEG C, final forging temperature 885-920 DEG C.
As preferably, after having cooled, the thick finished product of high temperature rapid carburization pinion steel for vehicles is flooded 3-5 hour in liquid nitrogen, then the thick finished product of high temperature rapid carburization pinion steel for vehicles is warming up to room temperature, in 200-280 DEG C of tempering 2-4 hour, be cooled to room temperature, obtain high temperature rapid carburization pinion steel for vehicles.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1) Ni, Mo of the present invention add the heat treatment performance improving material, ensure that every mechanical property of material, add the through hardening performance of material simultaneously, meet the performance requriements of large module gear;
2) grain-size adding refinement original austenite of Nb, Al of the present invention, increase steel hardening capacity, improve just now while comprehensive mechanical property, improve the toughness of steel;
3) the adding of Nb, Ni, Ti, Al of the present invention, refinement crystal grain, stabilize the hardening capacity scope of steel, change and always namely improve the purity of steel to increase the idea of stable performance from steel-making angle, increase steel hardening capacity, improve just now while comprehensive mechanical property, improve the toughness of steel, reduce the fluctuation range of product hardness, finally make Pinion Steel thermal treatment after strain amount less, pairing rate improves, simultaneously the present invention reasonably prepares burden structure, reduces the cost of raw material, adds the benefit of steel.
Embodiment
Below by way of specific embodiment, the present invention is further explained:
The embodiment of the present invention 1 and 2 adopts 20CrMnTi as starting material; embodiment 3 and 4 adopts 20CrMo as starting material; under protective atmosphere; starting material and Nb, Ni, Ti, Al raw material are melted forging in ceramic crucible; stir with quartz pushrod; during cooling, first water-cooled is to 100-150 DEG C, and then air cooling is to room temperature, obtains the thick finished product of high temperature rapid carburization pinion steel for vehicles.Playing forging temperature is 1050-1150 DEG C, final forging temperature 885-920 DEG C.After having cooled, the thick finished product of high temperature rapid carburization pinion steel for vehicles is flooded 3-5 hour in liquid nitrogen, then the thick finished product of high temperature rapid carburization pinion steel for vehicles is warming up to room temperature, in 200-280 DEG C of tempering 2-4 hour, be cooled to room temperature, obtain high temperature rapid carburization pinion steel for vehicles.
Comparative example 1-4 preparation method is identical with embodiment 1-4, is not uniquely both formula different.
The formula of embodiment 1-4 and comparative example 1-4 is in table 1.
Table 1
| C/wt% | Si/wt% | Mn/wt% | Cr/wt% | Ti/wt% | Al/wt% | Nb/wt% | Ni/wt% | Mo/wt% | Fe | |
| Embodiment 1 | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.085 | 0.001 | 0.04 | Surplus |
| Embodiment 2 | 0.19 | 0.20 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.065 | 0.0915 | 0.02 | 0.15 | Surplus |
| Embodiment 3 | 0.23 | 0.37 | 1.33 | 1.45 | 0.04 | 0.35 | 0.23 | 0.35 | 0.35 | Surplus |
| Embodiment 4 | 0.25 | 0.41 | 1.15 | 1.35 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.15 | 0.17 | 0.25 | Surplus |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.2 | 0.35 | 1.2 | 1.22 | 0.5 | 0.056 | 0.067 | Surplus | ||
| Comparative example 2 | 0.21 | 0.33 | 1.07 | 0.58 | 0.078 | 0.013 | 0.21 | Surplus | ||
| Comparative example 3 | 0.18 | 0.25 | 0.98 | 0.85 | 0.45 | 0.077 | 0.13 | 0.31 | Surplus | |
| Comparative example 4 | 0.22 | 0.24 | 0.97 | 0.84 | 0.12 | 0.15 | 0.27 | Surplus |
Measure grain fineness number by relative method, evaluate its crystal grain rank with the first levels of the standard figure in YB27-77, measure its hardness (by GB/T 5216-2004), the results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2
| Grain size number | Hardness/HRC | |
| Embodiment 1 | 9.5 | 48.7 |
| Embodiment 2 | 10 | 49.2 |
| Embodiment 3 | 9.8 | 49.5 |
| Embodiment 4 | 10 | 48.9 |
| Comparative example 1 | 7.5 | 45.8 |
| Comparative example 2 | 6.5 | 46.1 |
| Comparative example 3 | 7 | 46.3 |
| Comparative example 4 | 6 | 45.9 |
As can be seen from Table 2, the grain size number of the steel of the preparation of embodiment 1-4 is obviously better than the grain fineness number of the steel of the preparation of comparative example 1-4, Nb, Ni, Ti, Al adds, refinement crystal grain, stabilize the hardening capacity scope of steel, change and always namely improve the purity of steel to increase the idea of stable performance from steel-making angle, increasing the hardening capacity of steel, improve just now while comprehensive mechanical property, improve the toughness of steel, reduce the fluctuation range of product hardness, finally make Pinion Steel thermal treatment after strain amount less, pairing rate improves, simultaneously the present invention reasonably prepares burden structure, reduce the cost of raw material, add the benefit of steel.
Claims (5)
1. a high temperature rapid carburization pinion steel for vehicles, it is characterized in that, chemical composition mass percent is as follows: 0.17-0.25%C, 0.17-0.41%Si, 0.5-1.33%Mn, 0.4-1.45%Cr, 0.01-0.6%Ti, 0.02-0.35%Al, 0.085-0.23%Nb, 0.001-0.35%Ni, 0.04-0.35%Mo, and surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
2. a kind of high temperature rapid carburization pinion steel for vehicles according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, chemical composition mass percent is as follows: 0.19-0.23%C, 0.20-0.37%Si, 0.8-1.15%Mn, 0.8-1.35%Cr, 0.04-0.1Ti, 0.065-0.2%Al, 0.0915-0.15%Nb, 0.02-0.17%Ni, 0.15-0.25%Mo, and surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
3. a kind of high temperature rapid carburization pinion steel for vehicles according to claim 1 and 2; it is characterized in that; the preparation method of described high temperature rapid carburization pinion steel for vehicles is as follows: under protective atmosphere; starting material and Nb, Ni, Ti, Al raw material are melted forging in ceramic crucible; stir with quartz pushrod; during cooling, first water-cooled is to 100-150 DEG C, and then air cooling is to room temperature, obtains the thick finished product of high temperature rapid carburization pinion steel for vehicles.
4. a kind of high temperature rapid carburization pinion steel for vehicles according to claim 3, is characterized in that, playing forging temperature is 1050-1150 DEG C, final forging temperature 885-920 DEG C.
5. a kind of high temperature rapid carburization pinion steel for vehicles according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, after having cooled, the thick finished product of high temperature rapid carburization pinion steel for vehicles is flooded 3-5 hour in liquid nitrogen, then the thick finished product of high temperature rapid carburization pinion steel for vehicles is warming up to room temperature, in 200-280 DEG C of tempering 2-4 hour, be cooled to room temperature, obtain high temperature rapid carburization pinion steel for vehicles.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105543703A (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2016-05-04 | 钢铁研究总院 | Multi-microalloyed antifatigue carburized gear steel and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN112222410A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-01-15 | 重庆市巨力冶金制品有限公司 | Preparation process of oil pump driving gear based on powder metallurgy press forming |
| CN112322997A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-02-05 | 江苏联峰能源装备有限公司 | High-temperature carburized automobile gear steel and production process thereof |
| CN114959465A (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-08-30 | 石家庄钢铁有限责任公司 | Steel for fine-grain gear and production method thereof |
| WO2022228216A1 (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2022-11-03 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Steel for high-temperature carburized gear shaft and manufacturing method for steel |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105543703A (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2016-05-04 | 钢铁研究总院 | Multi-microalloyed antifatigue carburized gear steel and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN112222410A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-01-15 | 重庆市巨力冶金制品有限公司 | Preparation process of oil pump driving gear based on powder metallurgy press forming |
| CN112322997A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-02-05 | 江苏联峰能源装备有限公司 | High-temperature carburized automobile gear steel and production process thereof |
| WO2022228216A1 (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2022-11-03 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Steel for high-temperature carburized gear shaft and manufacturing method for steel |
| CN114959465A (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-08-30 | 石家庄钢铁有限责任公司 | Steel for fine-grain gear and production method thereof |
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